Intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients and relates to the technical field of soil detection. The soil detector and the vertical debugging mechanism are arranged at the rear side and the front side of the top of the carrier respectively. The front side of the vertical debugging mechanism is provided with a mounting rack. The two sides of the inner cavity of the mounting rack are rotationally connected through bearings and drill barrels. The intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients, by arranging the automatic material-removing sampling mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the vibrating screen mechanism between the carrier, the drill barrel and the drill shaft, can automatically strip the shallow soil containing sand and gravel through the cooperation of the automatic material-removing sampling mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the vibrating screen mechanism when the drill barrel, the drill shaft and the auger blade cooperate in sampling, and can crush and refine the subsequent soil blocks synchronously, so that the solution effect is achieved, and the refined soil is screened synchronously, so that the final sample does not contain large soil blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil testing technology, specifically to an intelligent testing method and device based on forestry soil nutrients. Background Technology

[0002] Soil nutrients refer to the essential nutrients that soil provides for crop growth. The amount of soil nutrients can be measured using soil testing instruments such as soil analyzers and soil nutrient testers. By comparing these measurements with soil nutrient abundance and deficiency indicators, the nutrient content of the land can be determined.

[0003] Existing soil testing instruments require taking a portion of soil from the location to be tested before preparing a sample solution and placing it into the testing port of the soil testing instrument for analysis.

[0004] In view of this, CN118091087B discloses an intelligent detection device and method for forestry soil nutrients. This intelligent detection device includes a detection trolley with a soil analyzer mounted on its top. A drill cylinder is located on one side of the soil analyzer. A drilling hole is formed through the trolley at a position opposite the bottom of the drill cylinder. The drill cylinder's opening faces downwards, and its bottom edge is evenly serrated. A drill shaft is vertically inserted and rotatably connected to the center of the top of the drill cylinder. A screw conveyor blade is provided on the lower half of the drill shaft. During sampling through the drill cylinder, as soil continuously enters the cylinder, a pressure plate inside the cylinder compresses the soil under the action of a compression spring, thereby reducing the soil's moisture content. This prevents excessive soil moisture from affecting nutrient detection and improves the accuracy of the soil analyzer.

[0005] While the above methods can perform sampling and testing while reducing water content, they inevitably have shortcomings in practical use. For example, the device lacks a shallow soil stripping mechanism, which causes shallow soil containing sand and gravel to mix with other deep soils, resulting in soil and gravel contamination. This makes it difficult to separate the stones and soil for intelligent sampling and testing. To avoid such problems, an intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients is proposed to solve the existing problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent detection method for forestry soil nutrients, which solves the problem that the lack of a shallow soil stripping mechanism in the device leads to sand and gravel in the shallow soil easily mixing into the deep soil, making it inconvenient to separate the stones and soil for sampling and testing.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent detection method for forestry soil nutrients, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Reach the designated sampling location: Use the push rod at the rear of the vehicle to push the vehicle to the designated sampling location and align the drill bit at the bottom of the drill barrel with the sampling location;

[0009] Step 2, Soil Sample Drilling: The vertical adjustment mechanism lowers the entire drill barrel and the first servo motor drives the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism, causing the drill barrel to remove the shallow soil and simultaneously dematerialize and retain the sample soil.

[0010] Step 3: Soil sample crushing: The soil sample removed by the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism will be crushed by the linkage between the drill barrel and the crushing mechanism.

[0011] Step 4: Soil Vibrating Screen Discharge: The fine soil fragments, crushed by the crushing mechanism and pushed by the feeding mechanism, are screened and discharged through the linkage between the drill cylinder and the vibrating screen mechanism.

[0012] Step 5, Soil Testing: Use a container to collect a portion of the sample from the bottom of the sieve plate, prepare a sample solution, and place it into the testing port of the soil testing instrument for testing.

[0013] This invention also discloses an intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients. The soil detector and the vertical adjustment mechanism are respectively set on the rear and front sides of the top of the carrier. The front side of the vertical adjustment mechanism is provided with a mounting frame. The two sides of the inner cavity of the mounting frame are rotatably connected to the drill barrel through bearings. The top of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to a first servo motor through a bracket, and the output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to a drill shaft through a coupling. One end of the drill shaft passes through the mounting frame and the drill barrel in sequence and extends into the interior of the drill barrel. A screw conveyor blade is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill shaft and inside the drill barrel. A first gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill shaft and at the top of the drill barrel. The two sides of the top of the drill barrel are fixedly connected to a second gear that meshes with the first gear through columns. An automatic material removal and sampling mechanism is provided on both the drill barrel and the drill shaft. A crushing mechanism is provided on both the mounting frame and the drill barrel. A vibrating screen mechanism is provided between the crushing mechanism and the drill barrel.

[0014] Preferably, the automatic material rejection and sampling mechanism includes an upper discharge port and a lower discharge port, which are respectively connected to both sides of the drill cylinder. A plurality of upper material-pulling plates, matching the upper discharge port, are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the drill shaft and inside the drill cylinder. A plurality of lower material-pulling plates, matching the lower discharge port, are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the drill shaft and at the bottom of the upper material-pulling plates. A movable load-bearing frame is slidably arranged on the surface of the drill cylinder. A bent rod is fixedly connected to the top of the movable load-bearing frame. One end of the bent rod is fixedly connected to an upper sealing plate that slides and adapts to the upper discharge port. An arc-shaped ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable load-bearing frame. A lower sealing plate that slides and adapts to the lower discharge port is fixedly connected between the two ends of the arc-shaped ring.

[0015] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a collection hood, which is disposed on the outer surface of the drill cylinder, and the two sides of the collection hood are fixedly connected to the two sides of the inner cavity of the mounting frame through brackets. A ring cover is fixedly connected to the top of the collection hood, a gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring cover, and a protective funnel is fixedly connected to the top of the ring cover. Several crossbars are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the outer surface of the drill cylinder. A rotating rod is rotatably disposed at one end of the crossbars through a bearing. A third gear that meshes with the gear ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod. Several crushing blades are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the rotating rod and inside the collection hood. A discharge port is opened at the bottom of the collection hood.

[0016] Preferably, the vibrating screen mechanism includes a screening frame, which is slidably disposed at the bottom of the collecting hood. A screening mesh plate is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the screening frame by bolts. An extrusion rod is fixedly disposed on one side of the collecting hood by an ear plate. A rolling sleeve is rotatably disposed on the surface of the extrusion rod. A plurality of arc-shaped pressure blocks that are matched with the rolling sleeve are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the outer surface of the drill cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, the vertical adjustment mechanism includes a second servo motor and an auxiliary frame. The second servo motor and the auxiliary frame are both fixedly mounted on the top of the carrier. The output shaft of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to a threaded rod via a coupling. The top of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the auxiliary frame via a bearing. A threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, and the front side of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting frame via a bracket.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom of the material collection hood and the front and rear sides of the discharge port are both fixedly connected to a first limiting sleeve by a bracket. The first limiting sleeve is slidably connected to a first limiting rod. One end of each of the two first limiting rods is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the screening frame by a bracket. A first return spring is fixedly connected between the first limiting rod and the first limiting sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, a second limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the drill barrel via a bracket, a second limiting rod is slidably connected inside the second limiting sleeve, and the bottom end of the second limiting rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the bent rod. A second return spring is fixedly connected between the second limiting rod and the second limiting sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, guide grooves are provided on both sides of the front side of the auxiliary frame, and guide sliders are slidably connected inside the guide grooves. The front side of the guide sliders is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting frame through a bracket.

[0021] Preferably, both sides of the top of the vehicle are fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod via brackets, and a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extended end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0022] This invention provides an intelligent detection method for forestry soil nutrients. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients, by setting an automatic material removal and sampling mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a vibrating screen mechanism between the carrier, the drill barrel and the drill shaft, enables the drill barrel, the drill shaft and the auger blade to automatically peel off shallow soil that is prone to containing sand and gravel through the coordinated cooperation of the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism, the crushing mechanism and the vibrating screen mechanism, and simultaneously crush and refine the subsequent soil blocks to facilitate the preparation of a solution, and simultaneously screen the refined soil to avoid the final sample containing large soil blocks.

[0024] (2) The intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients improves the stability of the device by setting electric telescopic rods on both sides of the top of the vehicle and fixing a bottom plate at the bottom of the extension end of the electric telescopic rod. After the vehicle moves to the sampling location, the bottom plate can be driven to contact the ground by the electric telescopic rod.

[0025] (3) The intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients reduces the coefficient of friction between the extrusion rod and the arc-shaped pressure blocks by rotating a rolling sleeve on the surface of the extrusion rod. When the extrusion rod is in contact with several arc-shaped pressure blocks, the rotation effect of the rolling sleeve reduces the coefficient of friction between the extrusion rod and the arc-shaped pressure blocks.

[0026] (4) The intelligent detection method and device based on forestry soil nutrients uses bolts to install the screen plate at the bottom of the screen frame, which makes the screen plate easy to disassemble later, so as to clean up the large soil clods left inside the screen frame. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the material collection hood structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the drill barrel structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic material rejection and sampling mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a top view of the internal structure of the ring cover of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point D;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vibrating screen mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first limiting sleeve of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Carrier; 2. Soil tester; 3. Vertical adjustment mechanism; 301. Second servo motor; 302. Auxiliary frame; 303. Threaded rod; 304. Threaded sleeve; 4. Mounting frame; 5. Drill barrel; 6. First servo motor; 7. Drill shaft; 8. Screwdriver blade; 9. First gear; 10. Automatic material removal and sampling mechanism; 101. Upper discharge port; 102. Lower discharge port; 103. Upper feeding plate; 104. Lower feeding plate; 105. Movable load-bearing frame; 106. Bent rod; 107. Upper sealing plate; 108. Arc ring; 109. Lower sealing plate; 11. Crushing mechanism; 111. Collection hood; 112 113. Gear ring; 114. Protective funnel; 115. Crossbar; 116. Rotating rod; 117. Third gear; 118. Crushing blade; 119. Feed port; 12. Vibrating screen mechanism; 121. Screen frame; 122. Screen mesh plate; 123. Extrusion rod; 124. Rolling sleeve; 125. Arc-shaped pressure block; 13. First limiting sleeve; 14. First limiting rod; 15. First return spring; 16. Second limiting sleeve; 17. Second limiting rod; 18. Second return spring; 19. Guide groove; 20. Guide slider; 21. Electric telescopic rod; 22. Bottom plate; 23. Second gear. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] Please see Figures 1-13 This invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent detection method based on forestry soil nutrients, using an intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Reach the designated sampling position: Use the push rod on the rear side of the carrier 1 to push the carrier 1 to the designated sampling position, and align the bottom drilling port of the drill barrel 5 with the sampling position;

[0044] Step 2, Soil Sample Drilling: The vertical adjustment mechanism 3 lowers the drill cylinder 5 as a whole and the first servo motor 6 drives the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism 10, causing the drill cylinder 5 to discharge the drilled shallow soil and remove and retain the sample soil.

[0045] The specific operation method is as follows: the second servo motor 301 and the first servo motor 6 are started. The second servo motor 301 drives the threaded rod 303 to rotate, causing the threaded sleeve 304 on the surface of the threaded rod 303 to drive the mounting frame 4 and the drill barrel 5 to descend as a whole. The first servo motor 6 starts to drive the drill shaft 7 and the auger blade 8 to rotate. After the drill barrel 5 and the auger blade 8 contact the ground, the drill shaft 7 will also cause the drill barrel 5 and the auger blade 8 to rotate and descend through the meshing of the first gear 9 and the second gear 23. During the process of drilling and taking samples, the two rotate in opposite directions. As the drill barrel 5 and the auger blade 8 rotate and descend, the auger blade 8 will twist the soil sample into a block and spirally transfer it into the interior of the drill barrel 5.

[0046] When the drill shaft 7 drives the auger blades 8 to rotate, it also drives the upper feed plate 103 and the lower feed plate 104 to rotate and move. As the shallowest layer of soil is spirally driven into the drill barrel 5, it is fed by the upper feed plate 103 to the upper discharge pipe 101, and then discharged into the movable load-bearing frame 105. As the load inside the movable load-bearing frame 105 increases, the movable load-bearing frame 105 automatically descends. The descent of the heavy frame 105 causes the upper sealing plate 107 and the lower sealing plate 109 to move downwards. The downward movement of the upper sealing plate 107 will block the upper discharge pipe 101, and the descent of the lower sealing plate 109 will unblock the lower discharge pipe 102. When the lower discharge pipe 102 is unblocked, the lower feeding plate 104 will orderly transfer the soil after the topsoil has been removed to the inside of the lower discharge pipe 102 by feeding, and discharge the soil in the lower discharge pipe 102 into the inside of the collection hood 111.

[0047] Step 3: Soil sample crushing: The soil sample removed by the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism 10 will be crushed by the linkage between the drill cylinder 5 and the crushing mechanism 11.

[0048] The specific operation method is as follows: the drill barrel 5 rotates synchronously, driving several crossbars 115 to rotate. The crossbars 115 drive the rotating rod 116 and the third gear 117 to move in a circle. The third gear 117 moves in a circle and meshes with the gear ring 113 at the same time, so that the third gear 117 can also rotate during the circumferential movement. The rotation of the third gear 117 drives the crushing cutter 118 to rotate and crush through the rotating rod 116. The rotation and circumferential movement of the crushing cutter 118 will crush and move the soil inside the collection hood 111. The crushed soil clods are crushed and moved by the crushing cutter 118 and discharged from the discharge port 119.

[0049] Step 4: Soil Vibration Screening and Discharge: The fine soil fragments crushed and pushed by the crushing mechanism 11 are screened and discharged through the linkage of the drill cylinder 5 and the vibrating screen mechanism 12.

[0050] The specific operation is as follows: the crushed soil blocks fed through the feed port 119 in the crushing mechanism 11 will fall into the inner cavity formed by the screen frame 121 and the screen mesh plate 122. Secondly, during the counter-rotation of the drill cylinder 5 and the drill shaft 7, the drill cylinder 5 synchronously drives several arc-shaped pressure blocks 125 to rotate. The undulating path formed by the several arc-shaped pressure blocks 125 will continuously squeeze the rolling sleeve 124 and the extrusion rod 123, causing the extrusion rod 123 to drive the screen frame 121 and the screen mesh plate 122 to move. Since the screen frame 121 and the collection hood 111 are provided with the first limiting rod 14, the first limiting sleeve 13 and the first return spring 15, the screen frame 121 and the screen mesh plate 122 will continuously reset and move, thus forming a reciprocating screening motion.

[0051] Step 5, Soil Testing: A container is used to collect a portion of the sample from the bottom of the sieve plate 122, and a sample solution is prepared and placed into the testing port of the soil testing instrument 2 for testing.

[0052] Soil testing instrument 2 and vertical adjustment mechanism 3 are respectively located on the rear and front sides of the top of carrier 1. For detailed explanation: Soil testing instrument 2 is a soil nutrient analyzer, model HM-TYB. A mounting frame 4 is located on the front side of the vertical adjustment mechanism 3. The inner cavity of the mounting frame 4 is rotatably connected to the drill barrel 5 via bearings. A first servo motor 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 4 via a bracket, and the output shaft of the first servo motor 6 is fixedly connected to a drill shaft 7 via a coupling. One end of the drill shaft 7 passes through the mounting frame 4 and the drill barrel 5 sequentially and extends into the interior of the drill barrel 5. A screw conveyor blade 8 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill shaft 7 and inside the drill barrel 5. A first gear 9 is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill shaft 7 and at the top of the drill barrel 5. Both sides of the top of the drill barrel 5 are fixedly connected via columns. The vertical adjustment mechanism 3 includes a second servo motor 301 and an auxiliary frame 302, which mesh with the first gear 9. The second servo motor 301 and the auxiliary frame 302 are both fixedly mounted on the top of the carrier 1. The output shaft of the second servo motor 301 is fixedly connected to a threaded rod 303 through a coupling. The top of the threaded rod 303 is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the auxiliary frame 302 through a bearing. A threaded sleeve 304 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 303. The front side of the threaded sleeve 304 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting frame 4 through a bracket. Guide grooves 19 are provided on both sides of the front side of the auxiliary frame 302. A guide slider 20 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 19. The front side of the guide slider 20 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting frame 4 through a bracket.

[0053] Both sides of the top of the vehicle 1 are fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod 21 by a bracket, and the bottom of the extended end of the electric telescopic rod 21 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 22.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment: To facilitate the stripping of shallow soil containing sand and gravel during sampling, an automatic material removal and sampling mechanism 10 is jointly provided on the drill barrel 5 and the drill shaft 7. The automatic material removal and sampling mechanism 10 includes an upper discharge port 101 and a lower discharge port 102, which are respectively connected to the two sides of the drill barrel 5. Several upper material-pulling plates 103, which are used in conjunction with the upper discharge port 101, are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the drill shaft 7 and inside the drill barrel 5. Several lower material-pulling plates 104, which are used in conjunction with the lower discharge port 102, are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the drill shaft 7 and at the bottom of the upper material-pulling plates 103. A movable material-pulling plate is slidably provided on the surface of the drill barrel 5. The movable load-bearing frame 105 has a bent rod 106 fixedly connected to its top. One end of the bent rod 106 is fixedly connected to an upper sealing plate 107 that is slidably adapted to the upper discharge pipe 101. The bottom of the movable load-bearing frame 105 is fixedly connected to an arc ring 108. Both ends of the arc ring 108 are fixedly connected to a lower sealing plate 109 that is slidably adapted to the lower discharge pipe 102. A second limiting sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the drill barrel 5 via a bracket. A second limiting rod 17 is slidably connected inside the second limiting sleeve 16, and the bottom end of the second limiting rod 17 is fixedly connected to the surface of the bent rod 106. A second return spring 18 is fixedly connected between the second limiting rod 17 and the second limiting sleeve 16.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment: In order to facilitate the crushing and refining of soil samples, a crushing mechanism 11 is provided on both the mounting frame 4 and the drill barrel 5. The crushing mechanism 11 includes a collection hood 111, which is located on the outer surface of the drill barrel 5. The two sides of the collection hood 111 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the inner cavity of the mounting frame 4 through brackets. A ring cover 112 is fixedly connected to the top of the collection hood 111. A gear ring 113 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring cover 112. A shielding funnel 114 is fixedly connected to the top of the ring cover 112. Several crossbars 115 are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the outer surface of the drill barrel 5. A rotating rod 116 is rotatably provided at one end of the crossbar 115 through a bearing. A third gear 117 that meshes with the gear ring 113 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod 116 and is located inside the collection hood 111. Several crushing blades 118 are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the rotating rod 116 and inside the collection hood 111. A discharge port 119 is provided at the bottom of the collection hood 111.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment: To facilitate sieving of the crushed soil for better solution preparation and testing, a vibrating screen mechanism 12 is provided between the crushing mechanism 11 and the drill cylinder 5. The vibrating screen mechanism 12 includes a screening frame 121, which is slidably disposed at the bottom of the collecting hood 111. A screening mesh plate 122 is bolted to the bottom of the screening frame 121. An extrusion rod 123 is fixed to one side of the collecting hood 111 via an ear plate. A rolling sleeve 124 is rotatably disposed on the surface of the extrusion rod 123. The drill cylinder 5... The outer surface of the casing is equidistantly connected with several arc-shaped pressure blocks 125 that are used in conjunction with the rolling sleeve 124. The bottom of the material collection hood 111 and the front and rear sides of the discharge port 119 are both fixedly connected to the first limiting sleeve 13 by a bracket. The first limiting sleeve 13 is slidably connected to the inside of the first limiting sleeve 13. One end of the two first limiting rods 14 is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the screen frame 121 by a bracket, respectively. A first return spring 15 is fixedly connected between the first limiting rod 14 and the first limiting sleeve 13.

Claims

1. An intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients, characterized in that: The soil testing instrument (2) and the vertical adjustment mechanism (3) are respectively set on the rear and front sides of the top of the carrier (1). The front side of the vertical adjustment mechanism (3) is provided with a mounting frame (4). The two sides of the inner cavity of the mounting frame (4) are rotatably connected to the drill barrel (5) through bearings. The top of the mounting frame (4) is fixedly connected to the first servo motor (6) through a bracket. The output shaft of the first servo motor (6) is fixedly connected to the drill shaft (7) through a coupling. One end of the drill shaft (7) passes through the mounting frame (4) and the drill barrel (5) in sequence and extends into the interior of the drill barrel (5). A screw conveyor blade (8) is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill shaft (7) and inside the drill cylinder (5). A first gear (9) is fixedly connected to the surface of the drill shaft (7) and at the top of the drill cylinder (5). A second gear (23) meshing with the first gear (9) is fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the drill cylinder (5) through a column. An automatic material removal and sampling mechanism (10) is provided on both the drill cylinder (5) and the drill shaft (7). A crushing mechanism (11) is provided on both the mounting frame (4) and the drill cylinder (5). A vibrating screen mechanism (12) is provided between the crushing mechanism (11) and the drill cylinder (5). The automatic material removal and sampling mechanism (10) includes an upper discharge port (101) and a lower discharge port (102). The upper discharge port (101) and the lower discharge port (102) are respectively connected to both sides of the drill barrel (5). Several upper material-pulling plates (103) that are used in conjunction with the upper discharge port (101) are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the drill shaft (7) and inside the drill barrel (5). Several materials-pulling plates (103) that are used in conjunction with the lower discharge port (102) are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the drill shaft (7) and at the bottom of the upper material-pulling plates (103). The lower feed plate (104) is used in the set. A movable load-bearing frame (105) is slidably provided on the surface of the drill barrel (5). A bent rod (106) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable load-bearing frame (105). An upper sealing plate (107) that is slidably adapted to the upper discharge pipe (101) is fixedly connected to one end of the bent rod (106). An arc ring (108) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable load-bearing frame (105). A lower sealing plate (109) that is slidably adapted to the lower discharge pipe (102) is fixedly connected between the two ends of the arc ring (108). The crushing mechanism (11) includes a collection hood (111), which is disposed on the outer surface of the drill cylinder (5). Both sides of the collection hood (111) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the mounting frame (4) via brackets. A ring cover (112) is fixedly connected to the top of the collection hood (111), and a gear ring (113) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring cover (112). A protective funnel (114) is fixedly connected to the top of the ring cover (112). The crushing mechanism (11) includes a collection hood (111) on the outer surface of the drill cylinder (5). A number of crossbars (115) are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the outer surface. One end of each crossbar (115) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (116) via a bearing. A third gear (117) that meshes with a gear ring (113) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod (116). A number of crushing blades (118) are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the surface of the rotating rod (116) and inside the material collection hood (111). A discharge port (119) is opened at the bottom of the material collection hood (111). A second limiting sleeve (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the drill barrel (5) via a bracket. A second limiting rod (17) is slidably connected inside the second limiting sleeve (16), and the bottom end of the second limiting rod (17) is fixedly connected to the surface of the bent rod (106). A second return spring (18) is fixedly connected between the second limiting rod (17) and the second limiting sleeve (16).

2. The intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screen mechanism (12) includes a screen frame (121), which is slidably disposed at the bottom of the collection hood (111). A screen mesh plate (122) is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the screen frame (121) by bolts. An extrusion rod (123) is fixedly disposed on one side of the collection hood (111) by an ear plate. A rolling sleeve (124) is rotatably disposed on the surface of the extrusion rod (123). A number of arc-shaped pressure blocks (125) that are used in conjunction with the rolling sleeve (124) are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the outer surface of the drill cylinder (5).

3. The intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical adjustment mechanism (3) includes a second servo motor (301) and an auxiliary frame (302). The second servo motor (301) and the auxiliary frame (302) are both fixedly installed on the top of the carrier (1). The output shaft of the second servo motor (301) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (303) through a coupling. The top of the threaded rod (303) is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the auxiliary frame (302) through a bearing. The surface of the threaded rod (303) is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve (304). The front side of the threaded sleeve (304) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting frame (4) through a bracket.

4. The intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the material collection hood (111) and the front and rear sides of the discharge port (119) are fixedly connected to the first limiting sleeve (13) by the bracket. The first limiting sleeve (13) is slidably connected to the first limiting rod (14). One end of the two first limiting rods (14) is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the screen frame (121) by the bracket. A first reset spring (15) is fixedly connected between the first limiting rod (14) and the first limiting sleeve (13).

5. The intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary frame (302) has guide grooves (19) on both sides of the front side. The guide grooves (19) are slidably connected to guide sliders (20), and the front side of the guide sliders (20) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the mounting frame (4) through a bracket.

6. The intelligent detection device based on forestry soil nutrients according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the top of the vehicle (1) are fixedly connected to electric telescopic rods (21) by brackets, and the bottom of the extended end of the electric telescopic rods (21) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (22).

7. The detection method of an intelligent detection device for forestry soil nutrients according to claim 6, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Reach the designated sampling position: Use the push rod on the rear side of the carrier (1) to push the carrier (1) to the designated sampling position and align the bottom drilling port of the drill barrel (5) with the sampling position; Step 2, Soil sample drilling: The vertical adjustment mechanism (3) lowers the drill barrel (5) as a whole and the first servo motor (6) drives the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism (10), causing the drill barrel (5) to remove the shallow soil and simultaneously remove and retain the sample soil. Step 3, Soil sample crushing: The soil sample removed by the automatic material removal and sampling mechanism (10) will be crushed by the linkage between the drill cylinder (5) and the crushing mechanism (11); Step 4: Soil Vibrating Screen Discharge: The fine soil fragments crushed and pushed by the crushing mechanism (11) are screened and discharged through the linkage of the drill cylinder (5) and the vibrating screen mechanism (12). Step 5, Soil testing: Use a container to collect part of the sample from the bottom of the sieve plate (122), and put the sample solution into the testing port of the soil tester (2) for testing.

Images