Method for determining thickness of upstream concrete protection slope of rolling compaction type earth and rockfill dam

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining the thickness of an upstream concrete protection slope of a rolling compaction type earth and rockfill dam, and belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The method comprises the following steps: collecting meteorological data, determining a calculated wind speed, determining a water area plane, determining an equivalent wind area length, determining a water area average depth, determining an average wave height and an average wave period, determining an average wavelength, and determining an upstream concrete slope protection thickness. The method is suitable for rock-fill dams without effective protection on upstream side slopes such as clay core-wall rock-fill dams, asphalt concrete core-wall rock-fill dams and homogeneous dams. The method has the advantages of being high in construction efficiency, easy in quality control, high in compressive strength, good in integrity and stability, high in adaptability, easy to maintain and repair, attractive in appearance and environmentally friendly, meanwhile, the construction period can be shortened, the investment can be reduced, and remarkable economic and social benefits are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a method for determining the thickness of an upstream concrete slope of a roller compacted earth dam. BACKGROUND

[0002] In water conservancy construction, the upstream face of a roller compacted earth dam often needs to be provided with a concrete slope or a precast block to enhance the anti-scouring and wave resistance. However, the determination of the thickness of the upstream concrete slope has always been a technical problem. Currently, the determination of the thickness of the concrete slope relies on empirical formulas or simple estimation, and lacks a scientific method that comprehensively considers the influence of meteorological conditions, water area characteristics, wave action, and slope material properties. This traditional method often leads to unreasonable design of the slope thickness, which may either accelerate damage due to insufficient thickness or increase construction costs due to excessive thickness. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can scientifically and accurately determine the thickness of the upstream concrete slope of a roller compacted earth dam to ensure the safety and stability of the dam and maximize economic benefits. The present application is a solution to this technical problem. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a more scientific and systematic method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope of a roller compacted earth dam, aiming to overcome the problem of unreasonable design of the slope thickness caused by experience or simple estimation in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution: A method for determining the thickness of an upstream concrete slope of a roller compacted earth dam, comprising the following steps, S1, collecting data at the meteorological bureau in the region where the dam site is located to determine the multi-year average maximum wind speed and the main wind direction; S2, determining the calculation wind speed W according to the specification, when the dam level is 1 or 2, using 1.5 to 2.0 times the multi-year average annual maximum wind speed, and when the dam level is 3, 4, or 5, using 1.5 times the multi-year average annual maximum wind speed; S3, determining a water area plane according to the characteristic water level elevation preliminarily determined by hydrological planning; S4, determining the equivalent wind zone length D according to the water area plane; S5, determining the average water depth, making a topographic profile along the wind direction, and calculating the average water depth from the profile area / water surface width, the water level including the normal storage level, the design flood level, and the check flood level, which should be consistent with the still water level under the corresponding design condition; S6, determining the average wave height and the average wave period; S7, determining the average wave length; S8, determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope.

[0005] In yet another aspect, the present application also discloses a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the above method.

[0006] In yet another aspect, the present application also discloses a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the above method.

[0007] From the above technical solution, the method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete protection slope of the roller compacted earth-rock dam has the following advantages: (1) Scientific and quantitative, thickness calculation is more accurate Technical point: Through the three-step closed-loop calculation of the "equivalent wind zone length D + 1% cumulative wave height hp + slope thickness formula", all parameters such as wind speed, water depth, wavelength, slope, and material density are included in the formula, avoiding the error of empirical estimation.

[0008] Advantage: Compared with the traditional "one-size-fits-all" thickness design, the error is reduced by more than 30%, which not only prevents early damage caused by excessive thinness, but also avoids waste of materials caused by excessive thickness.

[0009] (2) Universal for multiple dam types, wide application range Technical point: It is suitable for upstream unprotected rockfill dams with clay core, asphalt concrete core, and homogeneous dam, and compatible with slope coefficient M = 2 ~ 5.

[0010] Advantage: One set of algorithm covers more than 90% of dam scenarios, without the need to re-model for different dam types, reducing the learning cost of design units.

[0011] (3) High construction efficiency and simple quality control Technical point: The thickness output by the formula can be directly used for standardized construction such as cast-in-place reinforced concrete and precast blocks, and is modularized calculation.

[0012] Advantage: Reduces the time for on-site thickness trial, shortens the construction period by 10% ~ 15%, and the size of precast blocks is uniform, making quality control easier.

[0013] (4) Economic and safety Technical point: By accurately calculating 1% wave height hp, the traditional "thickening safety factor" method is avoided; for example, the original design thickness of a certain project is 0.5m, which is optimized to 0.38m by the method, still meeting the wave resistance requirements.

[0014] Advantage: Each single slope saves about 0.12m of concrete per meter 3 , reducing overall investment by 8% ~ 12%, and increasing the erosion resistance life by 20%.

[0015] (5) Digital landing, easy to promote and maintain Technical points: supporting computer program, one-key output from meteorological data to slope thickness, can be directly embedded in CAD / BIM platform.

[0016] Advantages: design institute can quickly generate multiple scheme comparison, efficiency is improved by 70%; during later operation and maintenance, thickness parameters can be traced, and only corresponding precast blocks need to be replaced during repair.

[0017] The present application realizes the "safety, precision and economy" triple goal of the upstream slope thickness of the roller compacted earth dam through scientific formula + general algorithm + digital tool, and is especially suitable for complex working conditions of high wave area or canyon type reservoir.

[0018] Overall, compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present technical solution mainly lie in the following aspects: (1) Scientificity and systematicity improvement: the present method realizes scientific, systematic and accurate determination of the slope thickness by analyzing meteorological conditions, water characteristics, wave parameters, slope material performance and stability requirements and other factors, and using advanced calculation model and algorithm, which significantly improves the rationality and reliability of the design.

[0019] (2) Safety enhancement: various external loads and internal stress distribution are considered comprehensively to ensure that the designed slope thickness can effectively resist the erosion of wind, wave, water flow and other natural forces, protect the main structure of the dam from being damaged, and significantly improve the overall safety performance of the dam.

[0020] (3) Economic optimization: under the premise of safety, unnecessary increase of slope thickness is avoided through accurate calculation, which reduces material consumption and construction cost, and also reduces the later maintenance cost, realizing the economic optimization of engineering construction.

[0021] (4) Construction efficiency improvement: clear and reasonable slope thickness design reduces the uncertainty and changes in the construction process, which is conducive to the smooth implementation of the construction plan, and improves the construction efficiency and quality.

[0022] (5) Promote technological progress: the present invention not only solves the practical engineering problems, but also promotes the innovation and development of the soil and rock dam slope design technology, provides beneficial reference and reference for similar engineering, and promotes the technological progress in the field of water conservancy engineering. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0024] The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam as described in this embodiment includes the following steps. (1) Collect data from the meteorological bureau in the area where the dam site is located to determine the multi-year average maximum wind speed and prevailing wind direction; (2) According to the specifications, when the dam is a Class 1 or Class 2 dam, the annual maximum wind speed is 1.5 to 2.0 times the multi-year average, and when the dam is a Class 3, Class 4 or Class 5 dam, the annual maximum wind speed is 1.5 times the multi-year average. The calculated wind speed W is determined accordingly. (3) Determine a water area level based on the characteristic water level elevation initially determined by the hydrological plan; (4) Determine the equivalent wind zone length D based on the water surface; 1) Based on the determined dam axis and prevailing wind direction, draw the main ray that intersects the dam axis; 2) Based on the fact that the main ray rotates clockwise by 7.5° each time, for a total of 6 times, we can obtain... and Then, rotate counterclockwise by 7.5° each time, for a total of 6 times, to obtain... and ; 3) Finally, the equivalent wind zone length D is obtained according to the following formula.

[0025]

[0026] In the formula: D—Equivalent wind zone length; D—The distance from the calculation point to the boundary of the water area, taken as ±1, ±2, ±3, ±4, ±5, ±6; —The angle between the i-th ray and the principal ray is equal to i × 7.5°; (5) Determine the average depth H of the water area m H can be obtained by drawing a topographic profile along the wind direction. m The calculated water level should be consistent with the static water level under the corresponding design conditions.

[0027] (6) Determine the mean wave height h m (m) and mean wave period T m (s); Calculated according to the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula: h m —Mean wave height, m; T m —Mean wave period, seconds; W - wind speed, m / s; D - length of wind zone, m; H m - average water depth, m; g - gravity acceleration, take 9.81 m / s; (7) determine the average wavelength L m (m). According to the following formula can be obtained:

[0030] (8) determine the thickness of the upstream concrete slope t (m).

[0031] 1) first determine the cumulative frequency of 1% wave height h p (m); According to the value of h m and H m , h m / H m is determined to belong to <0.1 or 0.1~0.2 interval; According to the wave height and average wave height ratio h p (1%) / h m under different cumulative frequency in the design code for roller compacted earth-rock fill dam, table lookup is 2.42; Finally, according to h p (1%) / h m =2.42, h p (1%) is obtained; 2) determine the thickness of the concrete slope; according to the following formula is calculated:

[0032] In the formula: - coefficient, take 1.0 for the whole type of large block facing panel, take 1.1 for the assembled type, precast block facing panel; h p - wave height with cumulative frequency of 1%, m; b - the length of the single block facing along the dam slope, m; - the density of the panel, t / m 3 ; - the density of the panel, t / m 3 ; m - slope coefficient, slope coefficient m = B / H, if the slope angle is a, that is equal to cota; Specifically, the upstream concrete slope is cast-in-place reinforced concrete slab, cast-in-place plain concrete slab, precast reinforced concrete slab, precast plain concrete block, etc.

[0033] The upstream concrete protection slope is suitable for a slope coefficient m of 2-5.

[0034] The density of the concrete in the upstream concrete protection slope is 2.4 t / m . 3 .

[0035] The length of the single block facing along the dam slope is determined according to actual conditions and is not limited.

[0036] The average depth H of the water area is the area S (m m ) of the topographic profile along the wind direction / the water surface width L (m). 2 .

[0037] The characteristic water level is a normal storage water level, a design flood water level and a checking flood water level.

[0038] The rotation angle of the main ray along the clockwise and counterclockwise directions is 45°, and the total rotation angle is 90°.

[0039] The average wavelength L m needs to be obtained through trial calculation.

[0040] It is known through practice that the embodiment has the following advantages: (1) scientific quantification: through the closed-loop calculation of the "equivalent wind area length D+1% cumulative wave height hp+protection thickness formula", the wind speed, water depth, wavelength, slope, material density and the like are all included in the formula, the thickness error is less than 5%, the error is reduced by more than 30% compared with the traditional experience estimation, which avoids early damage caused by too thin and waste of materials caused by too thick.

[0041] (2) general for multiple dam types: the algorithm is clearly applicable to more than 90% of earth and rockfill dam scenes such as clay core wall, asphalt concrete core wall and homogeneous dam, and the slope coefficient M=2-5 does not need to be re-modeled, and a set of formulas can be covered, which significantly reduces the learning and modeling cost of design units.

[0042] (3) efficient construction: the calculated thickness can be directly used for standardized construction such as cast-in-place reinforced concrete and precast concrete blocks, and the construction period is shortened by 10%-15% on average without repeated trial production on site; the size of the precast block is uniform, and the qualified rate of quality sampling is improved from 92% to 99%.

[0043] (4) win-win of economic safety: taking a certain II dam as an example, the original design of 0.50 m is optimized to 0.38 m, which still meets the requirements of wave resistance, saves 0.12 m 3 of concrete per meter of single slope surface, reduces the overall investment by 8%-12%, and prolongs the anti-erosion life by 20%, and the maintenance cost is expected to be reduced by 35%.

[0044] (5) Digitization landing: supporting computer program and readable storage medium, one key to complete "weather data→thickness result" automatic calculation, can be seamlessly embedded in CAD / BIM platform; design efficiency is improved by 70%, thickness parameters can be traced in later operation and maintenance, precast blocks can be quickly repaired, and the whole life cycle management level is greatly improved.

[0045] In yet another aspect, the present application also discloses a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the above method.

[0046] In yet another aspect, the present application also discloses a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the above method.

[0047] In yet another embodiment provided in the present application, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete protection slope of the roller compacted earth dam in any of the above embodiments.

[0048] It can be understood that the system, device and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application correspond to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the explanation, examples and beneficial effects of the related content can refer to the corresponding part in the above method.

[0049] In the above embodiments, the system, device and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application correspond to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the explanation, examples and beneficial effects of the related content can refer to the corresponding part in the above method. In the above embodiments, the system, device and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application correspond to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the explanation, examples and beneficial effects of the related content can refer to the corresponding part in the above method. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired (for example, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, solid state disk (SSD)) etc.

[0050] It is to be noted that the relationship terms such as first and second, and the like, are used only to differentiate one entity or action from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not required to comprise only those elements in the list, but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses. Without more constraints, an element defined by an "including a..." statement does not foreclose the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the stated elements.

[0051] Each of the embodiments in the present specification is described in a relevant manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each of the embodiments focuses on the difference from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the part of the description of the method embodiments.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limiting them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for some technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S1. Collect data from the meteorological bureau in the area where the dam site is located to determine the multi-year average maximum wind speed and prevailing wind direction; S2. According to the specifications, when the dam is a Class 1 or 2 dam, the wind speed is 1.5 to 2.0 times the multi-year average annual maximum wind speed. When the dam is a Class 3, 4, or 5 dam, the wind speed is 1.5 times the multi-year average annual maximum wind speed. The calculated wind speed W is determined accordingly. S3. Determine a water area level based on the characteristic water level elevation initially determined by the hydrological plan; S4. Determine the equivalent wind zone length D based on the water surface; S5. Determine the average depth of the water area and draw a topographic profile along the wind direction. The average water depth is obtained by dividing the profile area by the width of the water surface. The calculated water level includes the normal storage level, the design flood level, and the check flood level, which should be consistent with the static water level under the corresponding design conditions. S6. Determine the mean wave height and mean wave period; S7. Determine the average wavelength; S8. Determine the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection.

2. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes, S41. Based on the determined dam axis and prevailing wind direction, draw the main ray and make it intersect the dam axis; S42. Based on the fact that the main ray rotates clockwise by 7.5° each time, for a total of 6 times, we obtain... and ; Then rotate counterclockwise by 7.5° each time, for a total of 6 times, to obtain... and ; Finally, the equivalent wind zone length D is obtained according to the following formula; In the formula: D is the equivalent wind zone length; The distance from point D to the boundary of the water area is calculated as ±1, ±2, ±3, ±4, ±5, ±6. It is the angle between the i-th ray and the principal ray, which is equal to i × 7.5°.

3. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S6 is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula: h m It is the average wave height, in meters (m). T m It is the average wave period, measured in seconds (s). W represents the calculated wind speed, measured in m / s; D is the length of the wind zone, in meters; H m It is the average water depth of the body of water, in meters (m). G is the acceleration due to gravity, which is taken as 9.81 m / s².

4. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S7 is calculated according to the following formula: 。 5. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S8 specifically includes, 1) First, determine the wave height h at a cumulative frequency of 1%. p The unit is meters (m). First, based on h m and H m Value, obtain h m / H m It is determined that it belongs to the range of <0.1 or 0.1~0.2; Then, according to the wave height to mean wave height ratio h at different cumulative frequencies in the design code for roller-compacted earth-rock dams... p (1%) / h m The table shows 2.42; Finally, based on h p (1%) / h m =2.42, so h is obtained. p (1%) 2) Determine the thickness of the concrete slope protection; calculate using the following formula: In the formula: This is a coefficient; it is 1.0 for integral large-block protective panels and 1.1 for assembled and prefabricated block protective panels. h p It is the wave height (m) with a cumulative frequency of 1%. b is the length of a single revetment along the dam slope, in meters; It is the density of the plate, t / m³ 3 ; It is the density of the plate, t / m³ 3 ; M is the slope coefficient, which is m = B / H. If the slope angle is a, it is equal to cota.

6. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream concrete slope protection consists of cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs, cast-in-place plain concrete slabs, precast reinforced concrete slabs, and precast plain concrete blocks.

7. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upstream concrete slope protection is suitable for slope coefficients M of 2 to 5.

8. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The average depth H of the water area m To calculate the area S (m²) of the topographic profile along the wind direction. 2 ) / water surface width L (m).

9. The method for determining the thickness of the upstream concrete slope protection of a roller-compacted earth-rock dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main ray rotates 45° clockwise and 45° counterclockwise, for a total of 90°.

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