Intelligent plugging safety protection method for mobile energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent plugging safety, and discloses an intelligent plugging safety protection method for mobile energy storage equipment, which comprises the following steps: S1, a main control unit periodically controls each branch relay of a detection loop to be switched off or switched on, and when an insulation resistance value is higher than a first preset threshold value, the main control unit is switched on; the main control unit controls an indicating lamp on the intelligent plugging connector to display green light; s2, the intelligent plugging connector is connected with a mobile energy storage equipment interface through two barriers, the main control unit dynamically adjusts a pre-charging current flowing through a bus pre-charging loop, when the main control unit receives that a voltage difference value between a bus and a load is smaller than a second preset threshold value, the main control unit controls the main relay to be closed, the pre-charging relay is disconnected, and the pre-charging current flows through the bus pre-charging loop; the intelligent plug-pull connector officially works in a live-line mode; and S3, the main control unit periodically uploads the stored plugging data to a cloud end, and displays and views the plugging data through an operation and maintenance platform. The system has a real-time full-life-cycle monitoring capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent plug-in safety technology, and specifically to an intelligent plug-in safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile energy storage devices are used to store electrical energy and release it to supply power when needed. With the increasing frequency of use of mobile energy storage devices, ensuring their safe use has become a key aspect of protecting users' lives and property and maintaining the stable operation of the equipment. Among these aspects, electrical safety testing is a core component, directly affecting whether the equipment can operate reliably in complex and ever-changing real-world application scenarios.

[0003] Currently, the electrical safety inspection of mobile energy storage devices mainly relies on traditional methods such as manual inspection, basic electrical testing, mechanical and environmental testing, battery-specific testing, and local monitoring systems. Manual inspection requires maintenance personnel to periodically check the appearance and basic parameters of the equipment, which is not only labor-intensive but also difficult to cover all potential risk points. Although basic electrical testing can detect key indicators such as insulation resistance and grounding resistance, it is mostly offline testing and cannot reflect the real-time operating status of the equipment. Mechanical and environmental testing mainly assesses the adaptability of the equipment under extreme conditions and is difficult to continuously monitor safety changes during daily use. Although local monitoring systems can display some parameters in real time, their functions are limited and lack intelligent analysis and early warning capabilities, making it difficult to comprehensively and promptly detect safety hazards.

[0004] The aforementioned traditional detection methods suffer from low efficiency and poor real-time performance, failing to automatically and accurately acquire electrical safety information throughout the entire lifecycle of equipment, including before, during, and after use. Once equipment malfunctions such as leakage, overload, or short circuit, it is often difficult to detect and address the problem in a timely manner, leading to safety accidents and property damage.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent plug-in safety protection method with real-time full lifecycle monitoring capabilities and high detection efficiency, suitable for mobile energy storage devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent plug-in safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices, which has real-time full life cycle monitoring capabilities, improves detection efficiency, and enhances the level of power safety.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A smart plug-in / plug-out safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: The main control unit periodically controls the relays of the high-voltage side to ground branch, the low-voltage side to ground branch, and the mobile energy storage device shell to ground branch in the detection circuit to open or close. The high-impedance amplifier converts the collected branch voltage signal into a digital signal through a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter and transmits it to the main control unit. The main control unit processes the digital signal to obtain the insulation resistance value. When the insulation resistance value is higher than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light.

[0009] S2: The smart plug-in connector is removed from the limiting structure of the mobile energy storage device through non-contact identification. The smart plug-in connector opens the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface through non-contact identification and is inserted into the interface of the mobile energy storage device. The main control unit controls the electromagnetic lock to close through the Hall displacement sensor, so that the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. The main control unit dynamically adjusts the pre-charge current flowing through the bus pre-charge circuit. When the main control unit receives that the voltage difference between the bus and the load is less than the second preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charge relay to open, and the smart plug-in connector is officially energized and put into operation.

[0010] S3: The main control unit periodically uploads the stored plug-in / plug-out data to the cloud and displays and views it through the operation and maintenance platform. When the plug-in / plug-out lifespan information is lower than the third preset threshold, the operation and maintenance platform automatically issues a reminder. At the same time, the main control unit and the redundant control unit monitor each other in real time. When the main control unit is abnormal or fails, the redundant control unit automatically takes over, blocks the main control unit's signal output, and activates its own control signal output.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S1 further includes the following steps:

[0012] S11: The DC excitation source in the detection circuit outputs a 50V voltage. The main control unit periodically controls the relays in the high-voltage side to ground branch, low-voltage side to ground branch, and mobile energy storage device casing to ground branch in the detection circuit to open or close.

[0013] S12: The input terminal of the high impedance amplifier is connected to both ends of the insulation detection resistor to extract the weak voltage signal and amplify it to the range of the high resolution analog-to-digital converter. The high resolution analog-to-digital converter collects the amplified voltage signal at a sampling frequency of 10kHz and converts the amplified voltage signal into a digital signal to be transmitted to the main control unit.

[0014] S13: The main control unit obtains the leakage current through digital signals and the resistance value of the insulation detection resistor, and obtains the insulation resistance through the leakage current and the DC excitation source voltage;

[0015] S14: When the insulation resistance value is higher than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light.

[0016] When the insulation resistance value is lower than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a red light and sends an alarm message through the operation and maintenance platform.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first preset threshold is periodically and automatically calibrated by the main control unit, as shown in formula (1).

[0018] R threshold =R ref ×K(T o ,H) (1),

[0019] In formula (1), K(T) o H) is the environmental correction factor, R ref R is the standard insulation resistance reference value. threshold This is the first preset threshold.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S2 further includes the following steps:

[0021] S21: When the smart card is brought close to the smart plug-in connector, contactless identification is completed through the NFC module. The main control unit receives the information from the smart card and controls the limit structure used to limit the smart plug-in connector to unlock, and removes the smart plug-in connector from the limit structure.

[0022] S22: The smart plug-in connector is connected to the interface of the mobile energy storage device. At the same time, the sensor on the smart plug-in connector identifies the distance between the contact point of the smart plug-in connector and the contact point of the interface of the mobile energy storage device, and transmits the distance information to the main control unit on the smart plug-in connector. When the distance information detected by the sensor is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the second electromagnetic lock to lock, and the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. Then, the mechanical lock is manually operated to connect the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device again.

[0023] S23: The main control unit dynamically adjusts the pre-charging current flowing through the bus pre-charging circuit. The mobile energy storage device pre-charges the bus through the bus pre-charging circuit. When the main control unit receives a voltage difference between the bus and the load that is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charging relay to open, and the intelligent plug-in connector is officially energized and put into operation.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S22 further includes the following steps:

[0025] S221: When the smart plug-in connector approaches the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface, it completes contactless identification via the NFC module. The protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface opens, and the smart plug-in connector connects to the interface of the mobile energy storage device. The display module on the smart plug-in connector, which is used to display the open and closed status of the second electromagnetic lock, displays a red light.

[0026] S222: The Hall displacement sensor on the smart plug-in connector collects the distance between the smart plug-in connector contact point and the mobile energy storage device interface contact point at a sampling frequency of 1kHz per second, and transmits the distance information to the main control unit on the smart plug-in connector.

[0027] S223: When the main control unit receives the distance information detected by the Hall displacement sensor, which is less than the preset threshold, the main control unit controls the second electromagnetic lock to lock. At the same time, the main control unit controls the display module on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light, and the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device.

[0028] S224: Manually operate the mechanical lock again to reconnect the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S3 further includes the following steps:

[0030] S31: The main control unit periodically uploads the insulation test results and time, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and altitude during the test, operating status of mobile energy storage devices, and log data of insertion and removal life, local alarms, abnormalities and faults to the cloud, and displays and views them through the operation and maintenance platform.

[0031] Meanwhile, the main control unit and the redundant control unit send a health signal every 50ms. If the redundant control unit does not receive a health signal from the main control unit for 3 to 5 consecutive times, the redundant control unit determines that the main control unit is abnormal or malfunctioning.

[0032] S32: When the plugging and unplugging life information of the smart pluggable connector is lower than the third preset threshold, the operation and maintenance platform will automatically issue a reminder;

[0033] When the main control unit malfunctions or fails, the redundant control unit automatically takes over, blocks the main control unit's signal output, and activates its own control signal output.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] This invention has real-time full life cycle monitoring capabilities, improves detection efficiency, and enhances the level of electrical safety. Specifically, it automatically detects the electrical safety of mobile energy storage devices before use, detects the electrical safety of the smart plug-in connector when it is inserted into the interface of the mobile energy storage device, and enables effective real-time control of the bus circuit through a redundancy mechanism during use. During and after use, the plug-in data is uploaded to the cloud through the main control unit and monitored in real time through the cloud.

[0036] Specifically, through a detection circuit, insulation testing, or electrical safety testing, is performed on the mobile energy storage device before its use. When the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device interface, two barriers ensure safe operation: non-contact identification between the mobile energy storage device's limiting structure and the smart plug-in connector, and non-contact identification between the smart plug-in connector and the mobile energy storage device's interface protective shell. Furthermore, after the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device interface, the current flowing through the bus pre-charge circuit is dynamically adjusted to ensure electrical safety, prevent capacitor overvoltage breakdown, and improve the service life of the smart plug-in connector. In the connection and use of the smart plug-in connector with the interface of the mobile energy storage device, the main control unit uploads the plug-in data information to the cloud for real-time monitoring, which also facilitates remote diagnosis by operation and maintenance personnel, shortens the fault location time. At the same time, a redundancy protection mechanism is set up, that is, there is a main control unit and a redundant control unit, which improves reliability, safety and fault tolerance, and reduces downtime. For example, if the main control unit causes the connector to disconnect due to overvoltage protection malfunction, the shadow unit can reassess the voltage status to avoid unnecessary downtime, or if the main control unit fails, the shadow unit can still retain the complete data before the fault occurred, which is convenient for post-fault analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a module relationship diagram of the intelligent plug-in safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the insulation detection circuit of the intelligent plug-in safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bus pre-charge circuit of the intelligent plug-in safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be specifically described in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations herein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] Intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection methods for mobile energy storage devices, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: The main control unit periodically controls the relays of the high-voltage side to ground branch, the low-voltage side to ground branch, and the mobile energy storage device shell to ground branch in the detection circuit to open or close. The high-impedance amplifier converts the collected branch voltage signal into a digital signal through a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter and transmits it to the main control unit. The main control unit processes the digital signal to obtain the insulation resistance value. When the insulation resistance value is higher than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, S1 further includes the following steps:

[0045] S11: The DC excitation source in the detection circuit outputs a 50V voltage. The main control unit periodically controls the relays in the high-voltage side to ground branch, low-voltage side to ground branch, and mobile energy storage device casing to ground branch in the detection circuit to open or close.

[0046] S12: The input terminal of the high impedance amplifier is connected to both ends of the insulation detection resistor to extract the weak voltage signal and amplify it to the range of the high resolution analog-to-digital converter. The high resolution analog-to-digital converter collects the amplified voltage signal at a sampling frequency of 10kHz and converts the amplified voltage signal into a digital signal to be transmitted to the main control unit.

[0047] S13: The main control unit obtains the leakage current through digital signals and the resistance value of the insulation detection resistor, and obtains the insulation resistance through the leakage current and the DC excitation source voltage;

[0048] S14: When the insulation resistance value is higher than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light.

[0049] When the insulation resistance value is lower than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a red light and sends an alarm message through the operation and maintenance platform.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first preset threshold is periodically and automatically calibrated by the main control unit, as shown in formula (1).

[0051] R threshold =R ref ×K(T o ,H) (1),

[0052] In formula (1), K(T) o H) is the environmental correction factor, R ref R is the standard insulation resistance reference value. threshold This is the first preset threshold.

[0053] S2: The smart plug-in connector is removed from the limiting structure of the mobile energy storage device through non-contact identification. The smart plug-in connector opens the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface through non-contact identification and is inserted into the interface of the mobile energy storage device. The main control unit controls the electromagnetic lock to close through the Hall displacement sensor, so that the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. The main control unit dynamically adjusts the pre-charge current flowing through the bus pre-charge circuit. When the main control unit receives that the voltage difference between the bus and the load is less than the second preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charge relay to open, and the smart plug-in connector is officially energized and put into operation.

[0054] Specifically, S2 also includes the following steps:

[0055] S21: When the smart card is brought close to the smart plug-in connector, contactless identification is completed through the NFC module. The main control unit receives the information from the smart card and controls the limit structure used to limit the smart plug-in connector to unlock, and removes the smart plug-in connector from the limit structure.

[0056] In this embodiment, the limiting structure can be a first electromagnetic lock or an electronic lock. The limiting structure is set on the mobile energy storage device. When the smart plug-in connector is not in use, the first electromagnetic lock fixes the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device to prevent the smart plug-in connector from being moved at will. When the smart card is close to the smart plug-in connector, contactless identification is completed through the NFC module. The control unit controls the first electromagnetic lock to unlock and remove the smart plug-in connector from the limiting structure.

[0057] S22: The smart plug-in connector is connected to the interface of the mobile energy storage device. At the same time, the sensor on the smart plug-in connector identifies the distance between the contact point of the smart plug-in connector and the contact point of the interface of the mobile energy storage device, and transmits the distance information to the main control unit on the smart plug-in connector. When the distance information detected by the sensor is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the second electromagnetic lock to lock, and the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. Then, the mechanical lock is manually operated to connect the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device again.

[0058] Specifically, S22 also includes the following steps:

[0059] S221: When the smart plug-in connector approaches the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface, it completes contactless identification via the NFC module. The protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface opens, and the smart plug-in connector connects to the interface of the mobile energy storage device. The display module on the smart plug-in connector, which is used to display the open and closed status of the second electromagnetic lock, displays a red light.

[0060] S222: The Hall displacement sensor on the smart plug-in connector collects the distance between the smart plug-in connector contact point and the mobile energy storage device interface contact point at a sampling frequency of 1kHz per second, and transmits the distance information to the main control unit on the smart plug-in connector.

[0061] S223: When the main control unit receives the distance information detected by the Hall displacement sensor, which is less than the preset threshold, the main control unit controls the second electromagnetic lock to lock. At the same time, the main control unit controls the display module on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light, and the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device.

[0062] S224: Manually operate the mechanical lock again to reconnect the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device.

[0063] S23: The main control unit dynamically adjusts the pre-charging current flowing through the bus pre-charging circuit. The mobile energy storage device pre-charges the bus through the bus pre-charging circuit. When the main control unit receives a voltage difference between the bus and the load that is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charging relay to open, and the intelligent plug-in connector is officially energized and put into operation.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, multiple precharge relays are connected in series with corresponding precharge resistors to form multiple branch precharge circuits. The multiple branch precharge circuits and the main circuit are connected in parallel. The main circuit is equipped with a main relay. One end of the parallel circuit of the multiple branch precharge circuits and the main circuit is connected to the interface of the mobile energy storage device, and the other end is connected to the fuse. The fuse is connected to the load end.

[0065] Specifically, S23 also includes the following steps:

[0066] S231: The storage module on the smart pluggable connector transmits pluggable life information and historical pluggable over-temperature / over-current alarm information to the main control unit; the NTC thermistor on the bus pre-charge circuit transmits the collected temperature information to the main control unit; the bus voltage sensor transmits the collected bus voltage value to the main control unit; and the load input voltage sensor transmits the collected load voltage value to the main control unit.

[0067] In S231, the insertion and removal life is evaluated by contact temperature and pre-charge current, as shown in formulas (2), (3), and (4).

[0068]

[0069] In formula (2), L used The lifetime consumption integral value for this insertion / removal is given, where N is the total number of samplings during the pre-charge phase, and ΔT is the value of the insertion / removal. i Let I be the temperature rise value of the i-th sample. iLet be the pre-charge current for the i-th sample, and Δt be the time interval between each sample.

[0070] In formula (3), L std The standard single-use consumption points are designed to be known values ​​set at the factory.

[0071] In formula (4), N o The number of times the design service life is used.

[0072] In this embodiment, ΔT i This refers to continuously collecting the load input temperature T(t) (every 10-20 ms) and the ambient reference temperature T during the insertion / removal cycle. o Difference, I i Δt is obtained by real-time current acquisition and refers to the time from the start of pre-charging to the completion of pre-charging.

[0073] In this embodiment, the plug-in lifespan is the remaining lifespan of the smart plug-in connector.

[0074] S232: When the main control unit receives the insertion and removal life information of the storage module which is greater than the preset threshold and / or the historical insertion and removal over-temperature / over-current alarm information, the main control unit controls the pre-charge relay on the branch pre-charge circuit with a large resistance value to close, and forces the use of low current long-term pre-charge.

[0075] When the temperature information received by the main control unit from the NTC thermistor is greater than the preset threshold, the main control unit controls the precharge relay on the precharge circuit of the branch with a large resistance value to close, thereby reducing the precharge current flowing through the bus and realizing automatic derating precharge.

[0076] When the main control unit receives a voltage difference between the bus voltage sensor and the load input voltage sensor that is greater than a preset threshold (the measured value of the bus voltage sensor minus the measured value of the load input voltage sensor), the main control unit controls the pre-charge relay on the pre-charge circuit of the branch with the larger resistance value to close. Every 50 to 100 ms, the main control unit adjusts the closing and opening of the pre-charge relay on different branch pre-charge circuits according to the voltage difference, switching step by step and gradually increasing the current to achieve pre-charge soft start.

[0077] In this embodiment, the precharge relay on only one branch of the bus precharge circuit is closed at a time, while the precharge relays on the other branches are open.

[0078] In this embodiment, the forced low-current long-time pre-charge can prevent excessive current and avoid local overheating and secondary failures.

[0079] In this embodiment, the adjustment based on the voltage difference is specifically as follows: for example, in stage 1: high voltage difference stage, when the bus voltage difference is large (e.g., >70% of the target voltage), only the pre-charge relay on the branch with the maximum resistance value is closed, and the small current is used for slow charging.

[0080] Phase 2: Medium voltage difference phase. When the bus voltage difference drops to 30% to 70% of the target voltage, the pre-charge relay on the branch with medium resistance is closed, the current increases slightly, and the charging speed is accelerated.

[0081] Phase 3: Low voltage difference phase. When the bus voltage difference is lower than 10% to 30% of the target voltage, the pre-charge relay on the branch with the minimum resistance value is closed, the current is at its maximum, and the charging is completed quickly.

[0082] In this embodiment, when the main control unit receives the insertion and removal life information of the storage module which is greater than 90%, the main control unit controls the precharge relay on the precharge circuit with a large resistance value to close, and forces the use of low current long-term precharge. 90% is used as the "aging acceleration-risk intervention point", which not only ensures that most of the life can be fully utilized, but also actively "gently" protects the module in the final stage and reduces the failure rate of the last 10%.

[0083] When the main control unit receives temperature information from the NTC thermistor that is greater than 60°C, the main control unit controls the precharge relay on the precharge circuit of the branch with a large resistance value to close, thereby reducing the precharge current flowing through the bus and realizing automatic derating precharge. The 60°C threshold setting can ensure that even if there is a short-term impact, the equipment still has sufficient safety margin and will not deteriorate further due to precharge.

[0084] When the main control unit receives information about the insertion / removal lifespan of the storage module being less than 20%, the main control unit controls all relays to disconnect and activates the alarm.

[0085] S233: Mobile energy storage devices precharge the bus via the bus precharge circuit;

[0086] S234: When the main control unit receives a voltage difference between the bus voltage sensor and the load input voltage sensor that is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charge relay to open, and the intelligent plug-in connector is officially powered on.

[0087] In the final stage, the pressure difference is very small, and the voltage difference is lower than 5% to 10% of the target voltage. All pre-charge relays are disconnected, the main relays are closed, and the system is officially put into operation.

[0088] In this embodiment, the main control unit periodically controls the mobile energy storage device casing to open or close the bus branch relay in the detection circuit, thereby detecting the insulation between the mobile energy storage device casing and the bus.

[0089] S3: The main control unit periodically uploads the stored plug-in / plug-out data to the cloud and displays and views it through the operation and maintenance platform. When the plug-in / plug-out lifespan information is lower than the third preset threshold, the operation and maintenance platform automatically issues a reminder. At the same time, the main control unit and the redundant control unit monitor each other in real time. When the main control unit is abnormal or fails, the redundant control unit automatically takes over, blocks the main control unit's signal output, and activates its own control signal output.

[0090] Specifically, S3 also includes the following steps:

[0091] S31: The main control unit periodically uploads the insulation test results and time, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and altitude during the test, operating status of mobile energy storage devices, and log data of insertion and removal life, local alarms, abnormalities and faults to the cloud, and displays and views them through the operation and maintenance platform.

[0092] Meanwhile, the main control unit and the redundant control unit send a health signal every 50ms. If the redundant control unit does not receive a health signal from the main control unit for 3 to 5 consecutive times, the redundant control unit determines that the main control unit is abnormal or malfunctioning.

[0093] S32: When the plugging and unplugging life information of the smart pluggable connector is lower than the third preset threshold, the operation and maintenance platform will automatically issue a reminder;

[0094] When the main control unit malfunctions or fails, the redundant control unit automatically takes over, blocks the main control unit's signal output, and activates its own control signal output.

[0095] In this embodiment, when the smart plug-in connector is connected to the interface of the mobile energy storage device, both the main control unit and the redundant control unit receive the distance information detected by the Hall displacement sensor. When both distances are less than the corresponding preset threshold, the main control unit controls the electromagnetic lock to close automatically.

[0096] In this embodiment, the intelligent plug-in installation system includes a mobile energy storage device, a smart card, and an intelligent plug-in connector, as well as a cloud and operation and maintenance platform. It includes a first NFC tag module located within the smart card, a limiting structure located on the mobile energy storage device, a second NFC tag module located on the interface protective shell of the mobile energy storage device, a high-impedance amplifier, a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter, an insulation detection resistor, and multiple relays located in the detection circuit, a main control unit, a redundant control unit, a Hall displacement sensor, a storage module, multiple pre-charge relays, a main relay, multiple pre-charge resistors with different resistance values, a capacitor, a bus voltage sensor, a load input voltage sensor, an NFC read / write module, an NTC thermistor, a display module, and an electromagnetic lock and a mechanical lock located on the intelligent plug-in connector.

[0097] The smart card and smart plug-in connector are identified without contact via the first NFC tag module and NFC read / write module, which is used to remove the smart plug-in connector from the limiting structure.

[0098] The smart plug-in connector and the protective shell for the mobile energy storage device interface complete contactless identification through an NFC read / write module and a second NFC tag module, which allows the smart plug-in connector to be inserted into the mobile energy storage device interface.

[0099] In this embodiment, the limiting structure and the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface can be opened respectively by non-contact identification between the smart plug-in connector and the smart card and the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface. Only one read / write module is required, which can reduce hardware costs, installation and debugging costs, and facilitate centralized data management. The control unit of the smart plug-in connector can be directly connected to the cloud. The smart plug-in connector can be removed from the limiting structure, and the smart plug-in connector can connect with the mobile energy storage device interface to transmit interactive data to the cloud, which facilitates subsequent traceability of usage data.

[0100] The main control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic lock, precharge relay, and main relay, as well as to control the display module to light up the green or red light.

[0101] Hall displacement sensors are used to detect the distance between the contact points of the smart plug-in connector and the interface contact points of the mobile energy storage device, and transmit the distance information to the main control unit.

[0102] The storage module is used to store the insertion and removal life information of the smart pluggable connector and transmit the insertion and removal life information to the main control unit.

[0103] The bus voltage sensor and the load input voltage sensor are used to detect voltage and transmit the detected voltage value to the main control unit.

[0104] NTC thermistors are used to detect the temperature of the bus precharge circuit and transmit the detected temperature information to the main control unit. The NTC thermistors are attached to the surface of the precharge resistor or embedded in the insulation layer of the bus capacitor.

[0105] The high-impedance amplifier is used to acquire the voltage signal of the insulation detection resistance and amplify the voltage signal to the range of the high-resolution analog-to-digital converter. The high-resolution analog-to-digital converter is used to capture the amplified voltage signal and convert the amplified voltage signal into a digital signal for transmission to the main control unit.

[0106] Both the main control unit and the redundant control unit are connected to the cloud for communication. The cloud is connected to the operation and maintenance platform for communication. The cloud is used to store daily plug-in data and operation and maintenance logs. The operation and maintenance platform is used to display and view plug-in data and operation and maintenance logs, and can issue alarm reminders.

[0107] In this embodiment, the control unit dynamically adjusts the current flowing through the bus pre-charge circuit, ensuring that the core components such as equipment, interfaces, and busbars are always in the safest and most suitable operating range during the pre-charge process. This avoids extreme conditions such as arcing, current surges, and overheating, ensures that the bus capacitor charging process conforms to an exponential curve, avoids voltage surges, prevents arcing, prevents relay contact welding, extends the service life of intelligent pluggable connectors, reduces equipment failure rates, adapts to different load requirements, improves load lifespan, and ensures normal operation of the load end.

[0108] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection of mobile energy storage devices, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The main control unit periodically controls the relays of the high-voltage side to ground branch, the low-voltage side to ground branch, and the mobile energy storage device shell to ground branch in the detection circuit to open or close. The high-impedance amplifier converts the collected branch voltage signal into a digital signal through a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter and transmits it to the main control unit. The main control unit processes the digital signal to obtain the insulation resistance value. When the insulation resistance value is higher than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light. S2: The smart plug-in connector is removed from the limiting structure of the mobile energy storage device through non-contact identification. The smart plug-in connector opens the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface through non-contact identification and is inserted into the interface of the mobile energy storage device. The main control unit controls the electromagnetic lock to close through the Hall displacement sensor, so that the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. The main control unit dynamically adjusts the pre-charge current flowing through the bus pre-charge circuit. When the main control unit receives that the voltage difference between the bus and the load is less than the second preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charge relay to open, and the smart plug-in connector is officially energized and put into operation. S3: The main control unit periodically uploads the stored plug-in / plug-out data to the cloud and displays and views it through the operation and maintenance platform. When the plug-in / plug-out lifespan information is lower than the third preset threshold, the operation and maintenance platform automatically issues a reminder. At the same time, the main control unit and the redundant control unit monitor each other in real time. When the main control unit is abnormal or fails, the redundant control unit automatically takes over, blocks the main control unit's signal output, and activates its own control signal output.

2. The intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 also includes the following steps: S11: The DC excitation source in the detection circuit outputs a 50V voltage. The main control unit periodically controls the relays in the high-voltage side to ground branch, low-voltage side to ground branch, and mobile energy storage device casing to ground branch in the detection circuit to open or close. S12: The input terminal of the high impedance amplifier is connected to both ends of the insulation detection resistor to extract the weak voltage signal and amplify it to the range of the high resolution analog-to-digital converter. The high resolution analog-to-digital converter collects the amplified voltage signal at a sampling frequency of 10kHz and converts the amplified voltage signal into a digital signal to be transmitted to the main control unit. S13: The main control unit obtains the leakage current through digital signals and the resistance value of the insulation detection resistor, and obtains the insulation resistance through the leakage current and the DC excitation source voltage; S14: When the insulation resistance value is higher than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light. When the insulation resistance value is lower than the first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the indicator light on the smart plug-in connector to display a red light and sends an alarm message through the operation and maintenance platform.

3. The intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset threshold is periodically and automatically calibrated by the main control unit, as shown in formula (1). R threshold =R ref ×K(T o ,H) (1), In formula (1), K(T) o H) is the environmental correction factor, R ref R is the standard insulation resistance reference value. threshold This is the first preset threshold.

4. The intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 also includes the following steps: S21: When the smart card is brought close to the smart plug-in connector, contactless identification is completed through the NFC module. The main control unit receives the information from the smart card and controls the limit structure used to limit the smart plug-in connector to unlock, and removes the smart plug-in connector from the limit structure. S22: The smart plug-in connector is connected to the interface of the mobile energy storage device. At the same time, the sensor on the smart plug-in connector identifies the distance between the contact point of the smart plug-in connector and the contact point of the interface of the mobile energy storage device, and transmits the distance information to the main control unit on the smart plug-in connector. When the distance information detected by the sensor is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the second electromagnetic lock to lock, and the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. Then, the mechanical lock is manually operated to connect the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device again. S23: The main control unit dynamically adjusts the pre-charging current flowing through the bus pre-charging circuit. The mobile energy storage device pre-charges the bus through the bus pre-charging circuit. When the main control unit receives a voltage difference between the bus and the load that is less than a preset threshold, the main control unit controls the main relay to close and the pre-charging relay to open, and the intelligent plug-in connector is officially energized and put into operation.

5. The intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to claim 4, characterized in that: S22 also includes the following steps: S221: When the smart plug-in connector approaches the protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface, it completes contactless identification via the NFC module. The protective shell of the mobile energy storage device interface opens, and the smart plug-in connector connects to the interface of the mobile energy storage device. The display module on the smart plug-in connector, which is used to display the open and closed status of the second electromagnetic lock, displays a red light. S222: The Hall displacement sensor on the smart plug-in connector collects the distance between the smart plug-in connector contact point and the mobile energy storage device interface contact point at a sampling frequency of 1kHz per second, and transmits the distance information to the main control unit on the smart plug-in connector. S223: When the main control unit receives the distance information detected by the Hall displacement sensor, which is less than the preset threshold, the main control unit controls the second electromagnetic lock to lock. At the same time, the main control unit controls the display module on the smart plug-in connector to display a green light, and the smart plug-in connector is connected to the mobile energy storage device. S224: Manually operate the mechanical lock again to reconnect the smart plug-in connector to the mobile energy storage device.

6. The intelligent plug-in / plug-out safety protection method for mobile energy storage devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: S3 also includes the following steps: S31: The main control unit periodically uploads the insulation test results and time, environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and altitude during the test, operating status of mobile energy storage devices, and log data of insertion and removal life, local alarms, abnormalities and faults to the cloud, and displays and views them through the operation and maintenance platform. Meanwhile, the main control unit and the redundant control unit send a health signal every 50ms. If the redundant control unit does not receive a health signal from the main control unit for 3 to 5 consecutive times, the redundant control unit determines that the main control unit is abnormal or malfunctioning. S32: When the plugging and unplugging life information of the smart pluggable connector is lower than the third preset threshold, the operation and maintenance platform will automatically issue a reminder; When the main control unit malfunctions or fails, the redundant control unit automatically takes over, blocks the main control unit's signal output, and activates its own control signal output.

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