Heating type pedestal pan seat ring based on flaky metal powder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pedestal pans, and discloses a heating type pedestal pan seat ring based on flaky metal powder. The heating type pedestal pan seat ring based on the flaky metal powder comprises a seat ring body, the insulating protective layer is positioned on the upper surface of the seat ring body; the conductive heating wire is positioned between the seat ring body and the insulating protective layer; wherein the conductive heating wire is formed by printing sheet metal powder ink. According to the heating type pedestal pan seat ring based on the flaky metal powder, the conductive heating wire is prepared by taking the flaky metal powder as a raw material, and the flaky metal powder has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance and can rapidly conduct current in the heating process, so that rapid heating is realized; the heating type pedestal pan seat ring can be rapidly heated to 30 DEG C or above after being heated for 6 s, has a certain heating upper limit, can still keep a proper temperature range after being heated for a long time, and effectively avoids high-temperature scalding and flammable safety risks.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of toilet bowls, in particular to a heating type toilet bowl seat ring based on sheet-shaped metal powder. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the gradual development of toilet bowls, people's requirements for the comfort of toilet bowls are getting higher and higher, and the heating function of the toilet bowl seat ring is the most basic configuration of the intelligent toilet bowl. At present, the heating of the toilet bowl seat ring mainly adopts electric heating wire heating technology, and the heating wire is mostly metal heating wire, which is easy to cause safety hazards, and there are also defects such as uneven heating and difficulty in realizing temperature balance of multiple temperature measuring points. The part of the toilet bowl seat ring contacted by the human body will appear uneven cold and hot, which reduces the user's comfort, in addition, the existing toilet bowl seat ring heating time is long, power consumption is large, and wiring is difficult.

[0003] The electric heating wire commonly used in the toilet bowl seat ring on the market at present includes iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire and nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire. Among them, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire has high operating temperature, which can reach 1400 DEG C, long service life, high resistivity, high surface complex, and good oxidation resistance, but it is easy to deform with the increase of temperature, and it is not easy to repair after deformation; the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire has high strength in high temperature environment, is not easy to deform in long-term high temperature operation, and is not easy to change structure, and the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire has good normal temperature plasticity, simple repair after deformation, high emissivity, no magnetism, good corrosion resistance, long service life, but the operating temperature of the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire cannot reach the level of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire, and the price of nickel metal is higher than that of iron, chromium and aluminum, so the manufacturing cost of the nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire is high, which is not conducive to cost control.

[0004] CN 206239321 U proposes a rapid heating physiotherapy toilet gasket based on graphene material, which is based on the heating principle of graphene heating sheet, and the entire gasket is heated at a lower voltage (5-10V). Not only does it solve the problem of cold toilet in winter, but it also has the function of health care through heat therapy. However, this scheme uses a large area of graphene material to ensure heating efficiency, which makes the cost of the gasket very high and has no commercial prospect. CN 211658041 U provides a toilet heating seat ring, and the heating body of the heating assembly is one or more carbon nanotube fiber heating beams that can be powered to heat. The carbon nanotube fiber heating beam needs to be pulled out from a carbon nanotube array to form a film, twisted and spun into a carbon nanotube fiber, and then several carbon nanotube fibers are combined into a carbon nanotube fiber heating beam. The preparation process is complicated, and the material cost is high. CN 215687388 U provides a heating toilet pad, which uses superconducting alloy as a heating body, has fast heating speed, better use experience, lower energy consumption, and only needs to be attached to the toilet seat in winter without replacing the overall structure of the toilet seat. However, the superconducting alloy itself cannot regulate the temperature, and an additional control unit is needed to control the on-off of the seat heating and adjust the temperature. In addition, superconducting alloy is a rare metal material, and its price is relatively high, and its price varies with its type and purity.

[0005] Therefore, the existing heating toilet seat cannot meet the needs of consumers for high-quality, high-performance, high-safety and low-cost products. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to at least solve one of the above technical problems in the prior art. To this end, one of the objects of the present application is to provide a heating toilet seat based on sheet-shaped metal powder.

[0007] The second object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing the heating toilet seat based on sheet-shaped metal powder.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0009] The first aspect of the present application provides a heating toilet seat based on sheet-shaped metal powder, comprising:

[0010] a seat body, an insulating protective layer on the upper surface of the seat body, and a conductive heating wire between the seat body and the insulating protective layer; wherein the conductive heating wire is formed by sheet-shaped metal powder ink printing.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating protective film layer is adapted to the shape profile of the seat body.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the flaky metal powder ink water comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0013]

[0014] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the flaky metal powder ink water comprises the following components by mass fraction:

[0015]

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the flaky metal powder has an aspect ratio of (10-100):1, an average particle size of 1-50 μm, a thickness of 50-200 nm, a specific surface area of 1-25 m 2 / g, and a purity of ≥99%.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the flaky metal powder has an aspect ratio of (10-100):1, an average particle size of 5-30 μm, a thickness of 50-200 nm, a specific surface area of 1-25 m 2 / g, and a purity of ≥99%.

[0018] Specifically, the flaky metal powder is a metal powder that exhibits a flaky structure under an electron microscope, only one of the three dimensions of which is sub-micron or nanometer, and the other two are micron. The special planar structure makes it have high surface activity and can effectively combine with other active groups, and also has good dispersibility and is not easy to agglomerate. For conductive particles used to prepare conductive ink, the particle morphology is preferably flaky, flat, or needle-shaped, and more preferably flaky. Spherical powders are point-contacted with each other, while flaky powders can form face-to-face contact. After printing, the flaky powders are overlapped in a fish scale shape at a certain thickness, thereby showing excellent conductive performance. In the case of the same ratio and the same volume, the resistance of the conductive film prepared from flaky metal powder is only one hundredth of that of spherical metal powder. The flaky metal powder has good directional arrangement, is not easy to agglomerate, has strong light reflection ability, good adhesion, and special shielding effect.

[0019] The present application uses flaky metal powder as raw material to prepare a heating layer. A flaky metal powder with a specific aspect ratio ((10-100):1) is selected to balance the conductivity and rheology during printing; a flaky metal powder with a specific particle size (average particle size 1-50 μm) is selected to avoid equipment blockage during printing; a flaky metal powder with a specific thickness (50-200 nm) is selected to ensure ink flowability and sintering activity; and a flaky metal powder with a specific specific surface area (1-25 m 2The flaky metal powder is flaky copper powder, flaky silver powder, flaky aluminum powder, or flaky nickel powder.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the flaky metal powder comprises at least one of flaky copper powder, flaky silver powder, flaky aluminum powder, or flaky nickel powder.

[0021] Specifically, the flaky copper powder is a thin sheet-shaped powder made of metal copper, having excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and processability; the flaky silver powder is a thin sheet-shaped powder made of metal silver, having good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, as well as high reflectivity and good oxidation resistance; the flaky aluminum powder, also known as aluminum pigment, is one of the important metal pigments, having good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity; and the flaky nickel powder is a thin sheet-shaped powder made of metal nickel, having high specific surface area, good electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the binder comprises at least one of a polymer binder, a water-based binder, an organic solvent binder, or a light-cured binder.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the polymer binder comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, or epoxy resin.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the water-based binder comprises polyvinyl alcohol.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the organic solvent binder comprises polyurethane.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the light-cured binder comprises acrylate.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the solvent comprises at least one of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, or water.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the dispersant comprises a polymer dispersant and a surfactant.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the polymer dispersant comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).

[0030] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0031] Specifically, the addition of a dispersant can improve dispersibility and prevent flaky metal powder from agglomeration.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the conductive heating wire is 10-100 μm.

[0033] Specifically, if the diameter of the conductive heating wire is too thin (less than 10 μm), the conductive and heat-conductive effect of the product will be affected, and if the diameter of the conductive heating wire is too thick (more than 100 μm), it will exceed the printing limit of conventional printing equipment.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the distribution form of the conductive heating wire includes a regular wave shape.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the printing method includes inkjet printing, and the parameters of the inkjet printing include at least one of the following parameters: a driving voltage of 20-100 V; a pulse frequency of 1-20 kHz; an ink droplet volume of 1-50 pL; and a substrate temperature of 40-60℃.

[0036] Specifically, the inkjet printing technology is to accurately print flaky metal powder ink on the build platform through a nozzle to form a desired pattern. The present application mainly adopts nano particle jet (NPJ) technology, which prints the "ink" filled with flaky metal powder, and leaves a solidified metal melting layer after the liquid evaporates, thereby forming a desired pattern layout through layer-by-layer deposition.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the insulating protective layer is 0.05-0.5 mm; the material of the insulating protective layer is selected from an insulating polymer film or a paint layer; the insulating polymer film includes at least one of a polyethylene terephthalate film, a polycarbonate film, a polymethyl methacrylate film, a polyimide film, and a polyolefin film; and the paint layer includes at least one of a varnish layer, a varnish layer, an acrylic paint layer, a polyurethane paint layer, and an epoxy resin paint layer.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the insulating polymer film is selected from a film material or a sheet material.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the softening temperature of the insulating polymer film is greater than 60℃.

[0040] Specifically, the present application limits the thickness of the insulating protective layer. If the thickness of the insulating protective layer is too thick, the heat transfer effect of the product will be affected, thereby affecting the user's body temperature experience; and if the thickness of the insulating protective layer is too thin, the user's sitting comfort will be affected.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, in the heating type seat ring based on flaky metal powder, an insulating protective layer can be further included between the seat ring body and the conductive heating wire.

[0042] Specifically, the present application sets an insulating protective layer between the seat body and the conductive heating wire, forming a multi-layer structure of seat body-inner insulating protective layer-conductive heating wire-outer insulating protective layer. The outer insulating protective layer can prevent users from contacting the conductive heating wire and causing electric shock, and the inner insulating protective layer can isolate the conductive heating wire from the seat body to avoid the risk of electric leakage, thereby improving the safety performance of the product. In addition, the inner insulating protective layer can help evenly disperse the heat of the conductive heating wire, avoiding local overheating of the seat body, and the outer insulating protective layer can further buffer the heat, making the seat surface temperature distribution more uniform and improving comfort.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the insulating protective layer can further comprise a self-cleaning layer; the material of the self-cleaning layer includes TPX release film.

[0044] Specifically, the present application sets an insulating protective layer between the seat body and the conductive heating wire, forming a multi-layer structure of seat body-inner insulating protective layer-conductive heating wire-outer insulating protective layer. The outer insulating protective layer can prevent users from contacting the conductive heating wire and causing electric shock, and the inner insulating protective layer can isolate the conductive heating wire from the seat body to avoid the risk of electric leakage, thereby improving the safety performance of the product. In addition, the inner insulating protective layer can help evenly disperse the heat of the conductive heating wire, avoiding local overheating of the seat body, and the outer insulating protective layer can further buffer the heat, making the seat surface temperature distribution more uniform and improving comfort.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the seat body is internally provided with a terminal, an electrode wire, a sensing device and a sensing wire; the terminal is combined with the electrode wire and the sensing wire, and is used for connecting a power supply group, the electrode wire is connected with the conductive heating wire, and the sensing wire is connected with the sensing device.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the sensing device is selected from a temperature sensing device or a mechanical stroke device.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the rear end of the seat body is provided with a mounting interface; the mounting interface connects the heating type toilet seat based on sheet metal powder with the toilet.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the terminal is combined with the electrode wire, the sensing wire and other possible circuit groups and is used for connecting a power supply group; the circuit groups are combined on a suitable carrier to form the terminal, and the suitable carrier includes a plastic material carrier.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the electrode wire includes a positive electrode wire and a negative electrode wire; the positive electrode wire and the negative electrode wire are respectively connected with the power supply group and the conductive heating wire to form a heating path.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the electrode wire includes stainless steel wire, copper wire, silver wire, aluminum wire, nickel wire, tungsten wire, molybdenum wire, titanium wire, and alloy wire or combination wire of the aforementioned metals.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the alloy wire comprises titanium-tungsten alloy wire, copper-aluminum alloy wire, copper-tungsten alloy wire, silver-tungsten alloy wire.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the combination wire comprises steel core aluminum electrode wire.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the electrode wire further comprises carbon material, metal oxide, polymer.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the carbon material comprises graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the metal oxide comprises iridium oxide, tin oxide.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the polymer comprises polyaniline, polypyrrole.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the electrode wire is selected from at least one of copper wire, silver wire, nickel wire.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the distribution mode and wiring form of the electrode wire are not specifically limited, as long as a reasonable path can be formed to ensure that the conductive heating wire can be uniformly and well heated.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature sensing device comprises a sensor that can sense temperature and convert it into an available output signal; according to the measurement method, it can be divided into two categories: contact type and non-contact type; according to the characteristics of sensor materials and electronic components, it can be divided into two categories: thermal resistance and thermocouple, including but not limited to the temperature sensor commonly used in the field of toilet.

[0060] Specifically, in the present application, by installing the temperature sensing device, the temperature of the seat ring can be accurately controlled, and the temperature of the seat ring can be monitored in real time, and the data can be fed back to the toilet control system, and the system adjusts the power of the heating element accordingly, so that the seat ring can be kept at a suitable temperature, providing a comfortable use experience; at the same time, the temperature sensing device can also ensure that the temperature of each part of the seat ring is balanced, avoiding the situation of local overheating or overcooling; when the internal heating element device of the toilet fails and the temperature abnormally rises, the temperature sensing device can also quickly detect and transmit the signal to the control system, and the control system will automatically cut off the power supply to avoid safety accidents such as fire.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the mechanical travel device comprises but is not limited to pressure sensor, vibration sensor commonly used in the field of toilet.

[0062] Specifically, the mechanical stroke device uses the collision of mechanical moving parts to make the contact of the device act to realize the on or off control circuit, and achieve certain control purposes.

[0063] The second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of the heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder according to the second aspect of the present application, and the preparation method is selected from any one of the following methods:

[0064] Method 1, taking flaky metal powder ink, printing a conductive heating line on the surface of the seat body, and then compounding a paint layer on the surface of the seat body compounded with the conductive heating line to obtain the heating type toilet seat ring.

[0065] Method 2, taking flaky metal powder ink, printing a conductive heating line on the surface of an insulating polymer film, and then compounding the insulating polymer film compounded with the conductive heating line with the seat body to obtain the heating type toilet seat ring.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, in method 1, the compounding method of the paint layer is selected from spraying paint or baking paint.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, in method 2, the compounding method of the insulating polymer film compounded with the conductive heating line with the seat body is selected from adhesion, hot molding or in-mold injection.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the spraying paint process refers to a method of dispersing paint into uniform and fine mist droplets on the surface of the coated object by air pressure through a spray gun or a disc atomizer, and those skilled in the art can adjust and select the process according to actual production needs.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the baking paint process refers to spraying several layers of paint on a substrate polished to a certain roughness and then baking and shaping at high temperature.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the adhesion includes brushing adhesive on the surface of the seat body to bond the insulating polymer film and the seat body.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the adhesive includes silicone glue, epoxy resin glue, polyurethane glue, acrylic glue, acrylate glue, polypropylene glue and chlorinated polypropylene glue.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the hot molding includes placing plastic particles of the seat body in a mold, and then heating and pressing to make it into the required shape and be compounded with the insulating polymer film. In this process, adhesive can be added to assist in forming.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the in-mold injection includes a color material surface treatment technology (CMF), a thermoplastic forming process technology (NMF), an in-mold decoration process technology (IMD), an out-mold decoration process technology (MOD).

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the color material surface treatment technology includes a vacuum electroplating process, an electroplating process, an electrolytic polishing process, an anodizing process, a spraying process.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermoplastic forming process technology includes a hot press forming process, a plastic suction forming process.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the in-mold decoration process technology includes an in-mold transfer technology (IMR), an in-mold insert technology (IML), an in-mold hot press technology (IMF), a flexible printed circuit technology (IME).

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the out-mold decoration process technology includes an out-mold transfer technology (OMR), an out-mold decoration technology (OMF).

[0078] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0079] 1) The heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder provided by the present application uses flaky metal powder as raw material to prepare conductive heating wires, which have excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. During the heating process, the flaky metal powder can rapidly conduct current, thereby achieving rapid heating. The heating toilet seat ring can rapidly heat up to above 30℃ after 6s of heating, and has a certain upper limit of heating. Even under long-time heating, it can still maintain an appropriate temperature range, effectively avoiding high-temperature scalding and flammable safety risks.

[0080] 2) The heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder provided by the present application uses inkjet printing technology to prepare conductive heating wires, which have the advantages of high production efficiency, rapid and batch production, high manufacturing precision, precise and complex pattern distribution, strong customization, actual demand distribution customization, and environmental protection and energy saving, which can reduce the waste of metal powder and reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder in the present application;

[0082] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of one structure distribution of the heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder in the present application

[0083] Figure 3The thermal imaging diagram of the heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder in Example 1 under different heating time lengths;

[0084] Figure 4 The thermal imaging temperature comparison curve of the heating toilet seat ring in Examples 1, 3, 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 under different heating time lengths;

[0085] In the figure: 1-seating body, 2-conductive heating wire, 3-insulating protective layer, 4-terminal, 5-electrode wire, 6-sensing device, 7-sensing wire, 8-assembly interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] The content of the present application is further described in detail through specific examples. The raw materials, reagents or devices used in the examples and comparative examples can be obtained from conventional commercial channels or can be obtained by prior art methods, unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the test or test method is a conventional method in the art.

[0087] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder in the present application, Figure 1 In the figure, in order to better show the hierarchical structure of the seating body 1, the conductive heating wire 2 and the insulating protective layer 3, the structure is disassembled in the longitudinal direction. In actual products, the three are closely attached together, and the conductive heating wire 2 and the insulating protective layer 3 are sequentially compounded on the upper surface of the seating body 1. The conductive heating wire 2 is formed by flaky metal powder ink printing, and its distribution mode is regular wavy shape.

[0088] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure distribution of the heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder in the present application, Figure 2 In the figure, in order to better show the distribution of each component on the seat ring, a partial perspective view is used, which shows Figure 2 It can be seen that the electrode wire 5, the conductive heating wire 2 and the insulating protective layer 3 are sequentially located on the upper surface of the seating body 1, and the terminal 4, the sensing device 6 and the sensing wire 7 are located inside the seating body 1. The terminal 4 is preferably installed inside the assembly interface 8, and the assembly interface 8 is located at the rear end of the seating body 1.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] The present embodiment provides a heating toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder, specifically:

[0091] The flaky metal powder ink is compounded on the insulating polymer film by using inkjet printing technology to form the conductive heating line in regular wave shape, the insulating polymer film compounded with the conductive heating line is attached to the seat body by the in-mold injection process, and the terminal, electrode wire, inductive device and inductive wire are arranged in the seat body, and a heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder is obtained after wiring.

[0092] The formula of the flaky metal powder ink is: 40 parts by mass of flaky silver powder, 5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, 55 parts by mass of deionized water and 2 parts by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone; the aspect ratio of the flaky silver powder is (10-20):1, the average particle size is 5-10 μm, the thickness is 50-100 nm, the specific surface area is 1-1.8 m 2 / g, and the purity is ≥99%.

[0093] The parameters of inkjet printing are: driving voltage 20-30 V, pulse frequency 20 kHz, ink drop volume 25 pL, substrate temperature 60℃, drying temperature 100℃, drying time 10 min, and the diameter of the formed conductive heating line is 10 μm.

[0094] The insulating polymer film is a polyethylene terephthalate film with a softening temperature greater than 60℃ and a thickness of about 0.2 mm; the electrode wire is a copper wire.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] The embodiment provides a heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder, in particular:

[0097] The flaky metal powder ink is compounded on the insulating polymer film by using inkjet printing technology to form the conductive heating line in regular wave shape, the insulating polymer film compounded with the conductive heating line is attached to the seat body by the in-mold injection process, and the terminal, electrode wire, inductive device and inductive wire are arranged in the seat body, and a heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder is obtained after wiring.

[0098] The formula of the flaky metal powder ink is: 40 parts by mass of flaky silver powder, 5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, 55 parts by mass of deionized water and 2 parts by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone; the aspect ratio of the flaky silver powder is (10-20):1, the average particle size is 5-10 μm, the thickness is 50-100 nm, the specific surface area is 1-1.8 m 2 / g, and the purity is ≥99%.

[0099] The parameters of inkjet printing are: driving voltage 20-30 V, pulse frequency 20 kHz, ink drop volume 25 pL, substrate temperature 60℃, drying temperature 100℃, drying time 10 min, and the diameter of the formed conductive heating line is 10 μm.

[0100] The insulating polymer film is polymethyl methacrylate film, the softening temperature is greater than 60℃, and the thickness is about 0.5mm; the electrode wire is copper wire.

[0101] Embodiment 3

[0102] The embodiment provides a heating type toilet seat based on flaky metal powder, and particularly relates to the following:

[0103] The flaky metal powder ink is compounded between two insulating polymer films by using an inkjet printing technology to form a three-layer structure, the conductive heating wire is regularly wavy, the insulating polymer film compounded with the conductive heating wire is attached to the seat body by a conventional bonding process, and then the terminal, the electrode wire, the sensing device and the sensing wire are arranged in the seat body, so that a heating type toilet seat based on flaky metal powder is obtained after wiring.

[0104] The formula of the flaky metal powder ink is as follows: 40 parts of flaky aluminum powder, 10 parts of acrylate, 50 parts of deionized water and 1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate; the length-diameter ratio of the flaky aluminum powder is 100:1, the average particle size is 15-25μm, the thickness is 100-200nm, the specific surface area is 5-15m 2 / g, and the purity is 99.9%;

[0105] The parameters of the inkjet printing are as follows: the driving voltage is 50-60V, the pulse frequency is 10kHz, the ink drop volume is 50pL, the substrate temperature is 50℃, the drying temperature is 100℃, the drying time is 10min, and the diameter of the conductive heating wire is 100μm;

[0106] The insulating polymer film is polyethylene terephthalate film, the softening temperature is greater than 60℃, and the thickness is about 0.1mm; the electrode wire is silver wire.

[0107] Embodiment 4

[0108] The embodiment provides a heating type toilet seat based on flaky metal powder, and particularly relates to the following:

[0109] The flaky metal powder ink is compounded on the insulating polymer film by using an inkjet printing technology to form a conductive heating wire in a regular wavy shape, the insulating polymer film compounded with the conductive heating wire is attached to the seat body by a hot die pressing process, and then the terminal, the electrode wire, the sensing device and the sensing wire are arranged in the seat body, so that a heating type toilet seat based on flaky metal powder is obtained after wiring.

[0110] The formula of the flaky metal powder ink is as follows: 20 parts of flaky nickel powder, 20 parts of acrylate, 60 parts of ethylene glycol and 0.5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; the length-diameter ratio of the flaky nickel powder is 20:1, the average particle size is 10-20μm, the thickness is 100nm, and the specific surface area is 20-25m2 / g, purity ≥ 99.5%;

[0111] The parameters of inkjet printing are as follows: driving voltage 80-100 V, pulse frequency 20 kHz, ink drop volume 50 pL, substrate temperature 60℃, drying temperature 100℃, drying time 10 min, and diameter of the formed conductive heating line 50 μm.

[0112] The insulating polymer film is a polyimide film with a softening temperature greater than 60℃ and a thickness of about 0.05 mm; and the electrode line is a silver line.

[0113] Example 5

[0114] The present example provides a heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder, in particular:

[0115] The flaky metal powder ink is compounded on the surface of the seat body by inkjet printing technology to form conductive heating lines in regular wave shape, then a varnish is compounded on the surface of the seat body with the conductive heating lines by a paint spraying process as an insulating protective layer, and a layer of TPX release film is compounded on the upper surface of the insulating protective layer, followed by setting terminals, electrode lines, sensing devices, and sensing lines inside the seat body, to obtain a heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder after wiring.

[0116] The formula of the flaky metal powder ink is as follows: 40 parts by mass of flaky copper powder, 5 parts by mass of polyurethane, 55 parts by mass of ethylene glycol, and 1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl sulfate; the aspect ratio of the flaky copper powder is 10:1, the average particle size is 8-12 μm, the thickness is 80-100 nm, the specific surface area is 2-3 m 2 / g, purity 99.9%;

[0117] The parameters of inkjet printing are as follows: driving voltage 50-60 V, pulse frequency 15 kHz, ink drop volume 25 pL, substrate temperature 50℃, drying temperature 100℃, drying time 10 min, and diameter of the formed conductive heating line 20 μm.

[0118] The thickness of the insulating protective layer is about 0.1 mm; and the electrode line is a nickel line.

[0119] Example 6

[0120] The present example provides a heating type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder, in particular:

[0121] The sheet metal powder ink is compounded on the surface of the seat body by inkjet printing technology to form a regular wave-shaped conductive heating line. A varnish is compounded on the surface of the seat body with the conductive heating line by a baking finish process as an insulating protective layer. A TPX release film is compounded on the upper surface of the insulating protective layer. Terminals, electrode wires, inductive devices and inductive wires are arranged in the seat body. After wiring, a heating type toilet seat ring based on sheet metal powder is obtained.

[0122] The formula of the sheet metal powder ink is as follows: 30 parts by mass of sheet silver powder, 10 parts by mass of polyurethane, 60 parts by mass of ethylene glycol and 2 parts by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The aspect ratio of the sheet silver powder is (10-20):1, the average particle size is 5-10 μm, the thickness is 50-100 nm, the specific surface area is 1-1.8 m 2 / g, and the purity is greater than or equal to 99%.

[0123] The parameters of inkjet printing are as follows: driving voltage 20-30 V, pulse frequency 10 kHz, ink droplet volume 10 pL, substrate temperature 60°C, drying temperature 100°C, drying time 10 min, and the diameter of the formed conductive heating line is 50 μm.

[0124] The thickness of the insulating protective layer is about 0.5 mm, and the electrode wire is a nickel wire.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] In the present comparative example, a commercially available intelligent toilet heating seat ring is used as a comparison.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] In the present comparative example, a heating type toilet seat ring based on sheet metal powder is provided, and specifically:

[0129] The ordinary silver powder ink is compounded on the insulating polymer film by inkjet printing technology to form a regular wave-shaped conductive heating line. The insulating polymer film with the conductive heating line is attached to the seat body by in-mold injection molding process. Terminals, electrode wires, inductive devices and inductive wires are arranged in the seat body. After wiring, a heating type toilet seat ring based on ordinary silver powder is obtained.

[0130] The formula of the ordinary silver powder ink is as follows: 40 parts by mass of ordinary silver powder, 5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, 55 parts by mass of deionized water and 2 parts by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The average particle size of the ordinary silver powder is 5-10 μm, and the purity is greater than or equal to 99%.

[0131] The parameters of inkjet printing are as follows: driving voltage 20-30 V, pulse frequency 20 kHz, ink droplet volume 25 pL, substrate temperature 60°C, drying temperature 100°C, drying time 10 min, and the diameter of the formed conductive heating line is 50 μm.

[0132] The insulating polymer film is a polyethylene terephthalate film with a softening temperature greater than 60℃ and a thickness of approximately 0.2mm; the electrode wire is a copper wire.

[0133] Performance testing

[0134] Thermal imaging tests were performed on the heated toilet seats in Examples 1, 3, and 6, and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 using an infrared thermal imager (FLIR C3-X, Treda Filer Ltd.). The time the seat was energized was used as the starting point for the time measurement.

[0135] Figure 3 These are thermal images of the heated toilet seat ring based on sheet metal powder in Example 1 under different heating durations. Figure 3 A, B, C, and D in the image are thermal images taken after heating for 5 seconds, 1 minute, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes, respectively. Figure 3 It can be seen that the heated toilet seat ring based on flake silver powder prepared in Example 1 has a high heating rate. It can reach 30.9°C after heating for 5 seconds. As the heating time increases, the heating rate gradually slows down, indicating that the heated toilet seat ring has a certain heating upper limit. It can still maintain a suitable temperature range under long-term heating, effectively avoiding the risk of high temperature burns and flammability, and demonstrating good practical use effect.

[0136] Figure 4 These are thermal imaging temperature comparison curves of the heated toilet seat rings in Examples 1, 3, 6 and Comparative Examples 1, 2 under different heating durations. Figure 4 It can be seen that, in Comparative Example 1, the heated seat of a commercially available smart toilet can only reach about 25°C after 8 seconds of heating, which has the problems of slow induction, slow heating, slow heat conduction, and long preheating time. In Comparative Example 2, the conductive heating wire is made with ordinary silver powder ink, and the heating rate of the heated toilet seat is always lower than that of Examples 1, 3, and 6, and can only reach about 29°C after 8 seconds of heating. However, the heated toilet seat based on sheet metal powder provided by this invention can reach a temperature of over 30°C in 6 seconds of heating time, and can reach a temperature of over 32°C after 8 seconds of heating, which is a fast heating rate.

Claims

1. A heating type toilet seat based on flaky metal powder, characterized by, The seat ring comprises a seat ring body, an insulating protective layer on the upper surface of the seat ring body, and a conductive heating wire between the seat ring body and the insulating protective layer, wherein the conductive heating wire is formed by sheet metal powder inkjet printing. The sheet metal powder inkjet comprises the following components by mass fraction:

2. The heated toilet seat according to claim 1, wherein The purity is greater than or equal to 99%.

3. The heated toilet seat according to claim 2, wherein The aspect ratio of the flaky metal powder is (10-100):1; the average particle size is 1-50 μm; the thickness is 50-200 nm; the specific surface area is 1-25 m 2 / g; The sheet metal powder comprises at least one of sheet copper powder, sheet silver powder, sheet aluminum powder, and sheet nickel powder.

4. The heated toilet seat according to claim 3, wherein The diameter of the conductive heating wire is 10-100 μm.

5. The heated toilet seat of claim 1, wherein, The distribution form of the conductive heating wire comprises a regular wave shape.

6. The heated toilet seat of claim 1, wherein, The printing method comprises inkjet printing, and the parameters of the inkjet printing comprise at least one of the following parameters: a driving voltage of 20-100 V, a pulse frequency of 1-20 kHz, an ink droplet volume of 1-50 pL, and a substrate temperature of 40-60 °C.

7. The heated toilet seat of claim 1, wherein The thickness of the insulating protective layer is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the material of the insulating protective layer is selected from an insulating polymer film or a paint layer. The insulating polymer film comprises at least one of polyethylene terephthalate film, polycarbonate film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyimide film, and polyolefin film. The paint layer comprises at least one of varnish layer, varnish layer, acrylic paint layer, polyurethane paint layer, and epoxy resin paint layer.

8. The heated toilet seat of claim 1, wherein, The preparation method is selected from any one of the following methods:

9. The method of producing a heating-type toilet seat ring based on flaky metal powder according to claim 8, characterized by, Method 1: sheet metal powder inkjet is taken, and a conductive heating wire is printed on the surface of the seat ring body. Then, a paint layer is compounded on the surface of the seat ring body with the conductive heating wire, to obtain the heating toilet seat ring. Method 2: sheet metal powder inkjet is taken, and a conductive heating wire is printed on the surface of the insulating polymer film. Then, the insulating polymer film with the conductive heating wire is compounded with the seat ring body, to obtain the heating toilet seat ring. In method 1, the compounding method of the paint layer is selected from paint spraying or paint baking.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, In method 2, the compounding method of the insulating polymer film with the conductive heating wire and the seat ring body is selected from adhesion, hot molding, or in-mold injection. ​

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