Four-spindle drilling and tapping machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-main-shaft drilling and tapping machine which comprises a machine table, a main shaft, a driving device and a driving device. A portal frame body; the milling head sliding seat is arranged at the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism, the milling head sliding seat is provided with four Z-axis moving mechanisms, and the output ends of the Z-axis moving mechanisms are provided with main shaft drilling and tapping components; the main shaft drilling and tapping component is arranged at the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism and comprises a drilling and tapping main shaft; a headstock; a servo driving module; a tool magazine with an adjustable inclination angle; provided is an automatic tool changing mechanical arm. The gantry lathe bed and the reinforcing rib plates are integrally cast, the four spindles vibrate and displace during full load, and the bearing capacity is improved due to supporting of the Y-axis double guide rails of the workbench; the four independent Z-axis push rod motors synchronously machine workpieces with four height differences, and the four Z-axis moving mechanisms are designed in a split mode to eliminate multi-spindle motion interference. Stepless avoiding of the distributed adjustable inclination angle tool magazine is achieved through a worm gear and an arc-shaped guide rail mechanism, the tool magazine inclination angle is fixed through a locking pin after being adjusted, and the tool changing path is shortened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of machining tools, in particular to a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional multi-spindle drilling and tapping machines have three major technical defects:

[0003] Lack of rigidity: the parallel spindle layout leads to uneven load bearing of the gantry structure, especially when four spindles are synchronized, the bed vibration exceeds the standard, affecting the accuracy of the hole position;

[0004] Poor process adaptability: the multi-spindle Z-axis linkage mechanism cannot independently adjust the height, making it difficult to process stepped or inclined workpieces;

[0005] Tool changing space interference: the fixed angle tool magazine is prone to collision with adjacent tools when densely arranged. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine to solve the above problems.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, a four-spindle drilling and tapping machine is provided, comprising:

[0008] A machine table is movably provided with a workbench along the Y-axis, the top surface of the machine table is provided with a Y-axis linear motor, and the two sides of the Y-axis linear motor are provided with Y-axis guide rails along the Y-axis direction; the bottom surface of the workbench is provided with Y-axis sliding blocks corresponding to the Y-axis guide rails on both sides;

[0009] A gantry body is provided on the machine table, the top of the gantry body is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism, the gantry body includes support blocks erected on both sides of the machine table and a cross beam connected between the two support blocks, the cross beam is provided with an X-axis moving slot, and the X-axis moving mechanism includes an X-axis push rod motor provided at the end of the X-axis moving slot, and X-axis guide rails are provided on both sides of the X-axis moving slot;

[0010] A milling head sliding seat is provided at the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism, the bottom of the milling head sliding seat is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is screwed with the output end of the X-axis push rod motor, the bottom surface of the milling head sliding seat is provided with an X-axis sliding block corresponding to the X-axis guide rail, the milling head sliding seat is provided with four Z-axis moving mechanisms, the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism is provided with a spindle drilling and tapping component, the Z-axis moving mechanism includes a Z-axis push rod motor provided at the top corner of the milling head sliding seat, and the spindle drilling and tapping component is provided at the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor;

[0011] The main shaft drilling and tapping component is arranged at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism, and comprises: a drilling and tapping main shaft connected to the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor through a shaft coupling; a main shaft box sleeved outside the drilling and tapping main shaft; a servo drive module for driving the drilling and tapping main shaft to rotate; an adjustable inclination tool magazine installed on the side wall of the milling head slide through a universal support; and an automatic tool changing mechanical arm articulated between the main shaft box and the adjustable inclination tool magazine.

[0012] In some embodiments, the Z-axis movable mechanism further comprises a bidirectional balance cylinder, a piston rod of the bidirectional balance cylinder being connected to the drilling and tapping main shaft for offsetting the Z-axis unbalanced load caused by the self weight of the drilling and tapping main shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top surface of the workbench is provided with T-shaped grooves at intervals.

[0014] In some embodiments, the adjustable inclination tool magazine comprises: a base rotating disc arranged on the universal support, an edge of the base rotating disc being provided with a worm gear ring; a worm transmission shaft driven by the servo drive module and engaged with the worm gear ring; an arc-shaped guide rail, a guide rail surface of the arc-shaped guide rail being provided with an angle positioning hole; and a locking pin inserted into the angle positioning hole to fix the inclination angle.

[0015] In some embodiments, the servo drive module comprises: a main shaft driving unit directly connected to the drilling and tapping main shaft and controlling the rotational movement thereof; and a tool magazine driving unit driving the worm transmission shaft through a worm reducer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the main shaft driving unit is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the tool magazine driving unit is a servo reduction motor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the machine table and the gantry body are integrally cast.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The application realizes three major breakthrough advantages through the gantry type four main shaft architecture:

[0020] 1. The gantry bed body and the reinforcing rib plate are integrally cast, the vibration displacement of the four main shafts under full load is reduced, the workbench Y-axis double guide rail support is provided, and the carrying capacity is improved;

[0021] 2. Four independent Z-axis push rod motors are used to process four kinds of height difference workpieces synchronously, and the four Z-axis movable mechanisms are designed in a split type to eliminate the motion interference of multiple main shafts;

[0022] 3. The distributed adjustable inclination tool magazine realizes stepless avoidance through a worm gear and an arc-shaped guide rail mechanism, the locking pin is fixed after the inclination angle of the tool magazine is adjusted, and the tool changing path is shortened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Fig. 1 It is a schematic view of the stereoscopic structure of the present application;

[0024] Fig. 2 It is a schematic view of the connecting structure of the machine table and the gantry body of the present application;

[0025] Fig. 3 It is a schematic view of the connecting structure of the milling head sliding seat and the main shaft drilling and tapping component of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] Reference Figs. 1 to 3 The present application provides a four-main-shaft drilling and tapping machine, which comprises:

[0028] A machine table 1 is movably provided with a workbench 2 along the Y axis, the top surface of the machine table 1 is provided with a Y-axis linear motor, and the two sides of the Y-axis linear motor are respectively provided with Y-axis guide rails 3 along the Y-axis direction; the bottom surface of the workbench 2 is respectively provided with Y-axis sliding blocks corresponding to the Y-axis guide rails 3;

[0029] A gantry body is arranged on the machine table 1, the top of the gantry body is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism, the gantry body comprises support blocks 4 arranged on both sides of the machine table 1 and a cross beam 5 connected between the two support blocks 4, the cross beam 5 is provided with an X-axis moving groove 6, and the X-axis moving mechanism comprises an X-axis push rod motor 7 arranged at the end of the X-axis moving groove 6, and the two sides of the X-axis moving groove 6 are respectively provided with X-axis guide rails 8;

[0030] A milling head sliding seat 9 is arranged at the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism, the bottom of the milling head sliding seat 9 is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is screwed with the output end of the X-axis push rod motor 7, the bottom surface of the milling head sliding seat is provided with X-axis sliding blocks corresponding to the X-axis guide rails 8, the milling head sliding seat 9 is provided with four Z-axis moving mechanisms 10, the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism 10 is provided with a main shaft drilling and tapping component 11, the Z-axis moving mechanism 10 comprises a Z-axis push rod motor arranged at the top corner of the milling head sliding seat 9, and the main shaft drilling and tapping component 11 is arranged at the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor;

[0031] The main shaft drilling and tapping component 11 is arranged at the output end of the Z-axis movable mechanism 10, and comprises: a drilling and tapping main shaft 12 connected to the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor through a shaft coupling; a main shaft box 13 sleeved outside the drilling and tapping main shaft 12; a servo drive module for driving the drilling and tapping main shaft 12 to rotate; an adjustable inclination angle tool magazine 14 installed on the side wall of the milling head sliding seat 9 through a universal support 15; and an automatic tool changing mechanical arm articulated between the main shaft box 13 and the adjustable inclination angle tool magazine 14.

[0032] The workbench 2 is movable along the Y-axis, the milling head sliding seat 9 is movable along the X-axis, and four Z-axes are independently lifted, so that four complex curved surface workpieces can be machined simultaneously.

[0033] In some embodiments, the Z-axis movable mechanism 10 further comprises a bidirectional balance cylinder, a piston rod of the bidirectional balance cylinder being connected to the drilling and tapping main shaft 12 for offsetting the Z-axis bias load force generated by the self-weight of the drilling and tapping main shaft 12 and eliminating the Z-axis gravity bias load error; the bidirectional balance cylinder offsets the self-weight of the main shaft, and the positioning accuracy of the Z-axis in downward movement is improved.

[0034] In some embodiments, the top surface of the workbench 2 is provided with T-shaped grooves at intervals, so as to realize efficient clamping of four workstations.

[0035] In some embodiments, the adjustable inclination angle tool magazine 14 comprises: a base rotating disc arranged on the universal support 15, an edge of the base rotating disc being provided with a worm gear ring; a worm transmission shaft driven by the servo drive module and engaged with the worm gear ring; an arc-shaped guide rail having an angle positioning hole formed in a guide rail surface thereof; and a locking pin 16 inserted into the angle positioning hole to fix the inclination angle.

[0036] In some embodiments, the servo drive module comprises: a main shaft driving unit directly connected to the drilling and tapping main shaft 12 and controlling the rotational movement thereof; and a tool magazine driving unit driving the worm transmission shaft through a worm reducer.

[0037] In some embodiments, the main shaft driving unit is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the tool magazine driving unit is a servo reduction motor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the machine table 1 and the gantry body are integrally cast formed.

[0039] Specific machining process (automobile gearbox shell machining embodiment)

[0040] Four workstations are synchronously clamped: hydraulic clamps are installed on the T-shaped grooves of the workbench 2, and four ADC12 aluminum alloy workpieces are respectively fixed on the four quadrant workstations of the workbench 2.

[0041] According to the height difference of the stepped holes of the workpieces, the four Z-axes are independently adjusted:

[0042] Z1 axis to 150mm (processing cover plate);

[0043] Z2 axis to 120mm (processing bearing seat);

[0044] Z3 axis to 180mm (processing oil channel surface);

[0045] Z4 axis to 100mm (processing connecting flange);

[0046] The bidirectional balance cylinder is charged to 0.6MPa, and offsets the downward bias load force generated by the self weight of the drilling and tapping main shaft 12.

[0047] Four main shafts are synchronized to drill holes:

[0048] The main shaft driving unit of the servo driving module outputs 3000RPM rotation speed and 80Nm torque, and four main shafts are synchronized to drill Φ10mm through holes:

[0049] Feeding speed: 800mm / min, single hole processing time: 12 seconds / hole;

[0050] The vibration displacement of the integrated cast machine table 1 and gantry body is suppressed to ≤0.015mm.

[0051] The tilt angle of the interference-free tool changing and tapping tool magazine 1 is adjusted to 35°:

[0052] The locking pin 16 is loosened, the arc-shaped guide rail is pushed to the 35° positioning hole and then locked, the tool magazine driving unit of the servo driving module drives the base rotating disc to the tool changing position through the worm transmission shaft, and the four main shafts are sequentially switched to the tapping mode with a rotation speed of 150RPM and a tapping depth of 20mm.

[0053] Product detection and data recording:

[0054] The precision of all threaded holes of the detected 4 workpieces is as follows: position degree ≤±0.02mm, perpendicularity ≤0.01mm / m, and there is no tool interference phenomenon throughout the process, and the defective rate is reduced from 3.2% to 0.05% compared with traditional equipment

[0055] The present application realizes three major breakthrough advantages through the gantry type four main shaft structure:

[0056] The gantry bed and the reinforced rib plate are integrated cast, the vibration displacement of the four main shafts is full load, the workbench 2Y axis double guide rail support, and the carrying capacity is improved;

[0057] Four independent Z-axis push rod motors synchronize the processing of four kinds of height difference workpieces, and the four Z-axis movable mechanisms 10 are designed in a split type to eliminate multi-main shaft motion interference;

[0058] The distributed adjustable tilt angle tool magazine 14 realizes stepless avoidance through a worm gear and an arc-shaped guide rail mechanism, the locking pin 16 is fixed after the tilt angle of the tool magazine is adjusted, and the tool changing path is shortened.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalent features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A four-spindle drilling and tapping machine characterized by, The machine table is provided with a workbench movably arranged along the Y axis, and the top surface of the machine table is provided with a Y-axis linear motor, and the two sides of the Y-axis linear motor are provided with Y-axis guide rails along the Y-axis direction respectively; the bottom surface of the workbench is provided with Y-axis sliding blocks corresponding to the Y-axis guide rails respectively. The gantry body is arranged on the machine table, and the top of the gantry body is provided with an X-axis moving mechanism, and the gantry body comprises support blocks arranged on the two sides of the machine table and a cross beam connected between the two support blocks, and the cross beam is provided with an X-axis moving groove, and the X-axis moving mechanism comprises an X-axis push rod motor arranged at the end of the X-axis moving groove, and the two sides of the X-axis moving groove are provided with X-axis guide rails respectively. The milling head sliding seat is arranged at the output end of the X-axis moving mechanism, the bottom of the milling head sliding seat is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is screwed with the output end of the X-axis push rod motor, the bottom surface of the milling head sliding seat is provided with an X-axis sliding block corresponding to the X-axis guide rail, the milling head sliding seat is provided with four Z-axis moving mechanisms, the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism is provided with a main shaft drilling and tapping component, the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a Z-axis push rod motor arranged at the top corner of the milling head sliding seat, and the main shaft drilling and tapping component is arranged at the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor. The main shaft drilling and tapping component arranged at the output end of the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a drilling and tapping spindle connected with the output end of the Z-axis push rod motor through a shaft coupling, a spindle box sleeved outside the drilling and tapping spindle, a servo drive module driving the drilling and tapping spindle to rotate, an adjustable inclination angle tool magazine mounted on the side wall of the milling head sliding seat through a universal support, and an automatic tool changing mechanical arm hinged between the spindle box and the adjustable inclination angle tool magazine. The Z-axis moving mechanism further comprises a bidirectional balance cylinder, and the piston rod of the bidirectional balance cylinder is connected with the drilling and tapping spindle for offsetting the Z-axis unbalanced force generated by the self-weight of the drilling and tapping spindle.

2. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The top surface of the workbench is provided with T-shaped grooves at intervals.

3. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine of claim 1 wherein, The adjustable inclination angle tool magazine comprises:

4. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine of claim 1 wherein, a base rotating disc arranged on the universal support, and the edge of the base rotating disc is provided with a worm gear ring; a worm transmission shaft driven by the servo drive module and engaged with the worm gear ring in linkage; an arc-shaped guide rail, and the guide rail surface of the arc-shaped guide rail is provided with an angle positioning hole; a locking pin inserted into the angle positioning hole to fix the inclination angle. The servo drive module comprises:

5. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine of claim 4 wherein, a spindle driving unit directly connected with the drilling and tapping spindle and controlling the rotary motion thereof; a tool magazine driving unit driving the worm transmission shaft through a worm reducer. The spindle driving unit is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the tool magazine driving unit is a servo reduction motor.

6. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine of claim 5 wherein, The machine table and the gantry body are integrally cast.

7. The four-spindle drilling and tapping machine of claim 1 wherein, ​

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