Carbon material rubber composite material, abrasion tester and application

Abstract

The invention provides a carbon material rubber composite material, an abrasion tester and application, the carbon material rubber composite material is prepared from raw material components including a rubber matrix, a carbon material and a filler, and the carbon material is selected from one or a combination of whisker-shaped carbon nanotube fibers and enhanced graphene. According to the invention, the carbon material is used as a synergistic reinforcing filler, so that the wear resistance of the rubber composite material is enhanced, and the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 is reduced. Meanwhile, the abrasion testing machine provided by the invention can collect abrasive dust while carrying out an abrasion test on the rubber composite material, classifies the particle size of abrasive dust particles, and can be used for analyzing the generation condition of rubber abrasion particles.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite materials, further relates to a carbon material rubber composite material, a wear testing machine and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the automobile industry, rubber tires have become the largest consumables in the rubber field. Improving the wear resistance of rubber composites is not only the key to researching high-performance rubber composites, but also the key to reducing particulate matter pollution. According to statistics, tire wear particles (TWPs) account for 5-10% of marine microplastics and 3-7% of particulate matter (PM2.5) in the air.

[0003] Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GN) as representatives of new carbon materials have high research value and application prospect in rubber composites, and are often applied to the preparation of high-performance "green tire" materials.

[0004] However, in the existing research of carbon material / rubber composites, although the wear resistance of the material is improved, the total mass loss of rubber wear is reduced, but the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 is increased. It still cannot meet the requirements of high-performance, low-emission "green tire" rubber composites. Therefore, it is necessary to further develop a high-performance, low-emission and environmentally friendly rubber material.

[0005] At the same time, the wear resistance of rubber is evaluated by wear testing, and the current mainstream traditional rubber wear testing methods include Akron test and DIN test, but both of them can only analyze the wear loss of rubber material, the wear of rubber and the morphology of wear debris, and cannot analyze the distribution of wear particles, so as to judge the generation of rubber wear particles (TWPs). SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a carbon material rubber composite material and a preparation method thereof, which constructs a carbon-based hybrid reinforcing system, uses carbon material as a synergistic reinforcing filler, enhances the wear resistance of rubber composite material, and reduces the generation of PM10 and PM2.5.

[0007] First, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a carbon material rubber composite material.

[0008] Specifically, the carbon material rubber composite material is prepared from raw material components including the following, and the weight parts of other raw material components are calculated based on 100 weight parts of the rubber matrix:

[0009] Rubber matrix 100 parts by weight;

[0010] Carbon material 1-20 parts by weight;

[0011] Filler 1-80 parts by weight.

[0012] Preferably, the parts by weight of each of the other raw material components are:

[0013] Rubber matrix 100 parts by weight;

[0014] Carbon material 1-10 parts by weight;

[0015] Filler 1-60 parts by weight.

[0016] Further, the carbon material is selected from one or a combination of carbon nanotube fibers and graphene; wherein the carbon nanotube fibers are selected from whisker-like carbon nanotube fibers having an aspect ratio of 90-150, ash content <2.5%, Raman G / D of 1-2.5, and carbon content >97%; and the graphene is selected from reinforced graphene having a specific surface area of 180-280 m 2 / g, D 50 <10.0, water mass fraction <4%, and carbon content >85%; the whisker-like carbon nanotube fibers selected by the present application are not wound and are easy to disperse, and the reinforced graphene contains abundant functional groups and is easy to disperse; the above-mentioned carbon material not only improves the wear resistance of rubber, but also reduces the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 particulate matter during rubber wear. It is not easy to occur local fracture in rubber processing (high temperature shearing) and dynamic deformation, and has a good reinforcing effect on rubber composites.

[0017] Further, the rubber matrix is selected from one or a combination of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and cis-butadiene rubber; preferably, when the rubber matrix is selected from a combination of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and cis-butadiene rubber, the mass ratio of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber to cis-butadiene rubber is 70-80:20-30. The above-mentioned rubber matrix has good wear resistance.

[0018] Further, the filler is selected from a combination of white carbon black and carbon black; the mass ratio of white carbon black to carbon black is (10-50):(5-40), preferably (20-35):(25-30). White carbon black can improve the wet skid resistance of rubber, and carbon black can improve the wear resistance of rubber material.

[0019] Further, the raw material components further include auxiliaries, and the parts by weight of each auxiliary are:

[0020]

[0021] Preferably, the parts by weight of each auxiliary are:

[0022]

[0023] It is worth mentioning that the use of silane coupling agent can improve the filler-rubber interface bonding; the use of stearic acid as a rubber additive can improve the crosslinking efficiency; the use of antioxidant as a rubber additive can delay the aging of rubber; the use of paraffin as a rubber additive can improve the physical anti-aging performance; accelerator, sulfur is used to promote rubber crosslinking, zinc oxide as a vulcanization activator. The synergistic effect of the above various additives greatly improves the performance of the rubber.

[0024] Secondly, the second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the carbon material rubber composite material of the first object of the present application.

[0025] Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0026] The raw material components including the rubber matrix, the carbon material, and the filler are mixed according to the ratio to obtain the carbon material rubber composite material.

[0027] More specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0028] The raw material components including the rubber matrix, the carbon material, the filler, and the additive are added into the internal mixer for mixing to obtain the carbon material rubber composite material.

[0029] Particularly specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step one, the rubber matrix material after thinning treatment is cut into a long strip with a suitable thickness and added into the internal mixer, zinc oxide (ZnO), stearic acid (SA), antioxidant, paraffin, filler (carbon black, white carbon black), new carbon material and silane coupling agent are sequentially added and mixed for 12-14 min to obtain a mixture; at this time, the three-zone temperature of the working area of the internal mixer is set to 50-60℃, and the rotor speed is 50-60rpm;

[0031] Step two, the mixture obtained after mixing is heat treated to promote further crosslinking reaction between the rubber matrix and the filler, so that the crosslinking network is more uniform and stable; the temperature of the working area of the internal mixer is adjusted to 150-160℃, and the torque speed is 20-25rpm, and heat treatment is performed for 5-6min.

[0032] Step three, after the heat treatment is completed, the rubber cooled to room temperature is mixed with sulfur and accelerator on the open mill, and the rubber composite material is obtained after the mixing is completed.

[0033] Thirdly, the third object of the present application is to provide the application of the carbon material rubber composite material of the first object of the present application.

[0034] Specifically, the carbon material rubber composite material of the first object of the present application can be used for preparing rubber products, preferably for preparing tires.

[0035] It is worth mentioning that the above-mentioned tire has high wear resistance, is a low-emission "green tire", and has low wear particles (TWPs) emitted into the environment.

[0036] Finally, the fourth object of the present application is to provide a wear tester.

[0037] Specifically, the wear tester is used for wear analysis of rubber composites; preferably for particle size analysis of wear particles of rubber composites; more preferably for wear analysis of carbon material rubber composites according to one of the objects of the present application.

[0038] More specifically, the wear tester comprises a wear test part and a wear debris collection and classification part, and the wear test part and the wear debris collection and classification part are in communication through a pipeline.

[0039] Further, the wear test part comprises a grinding wheel, a rubber sample, and a sealed box, the grinding wheel and the rubber sample are arranged in the sealed box, and the grinding wheel and the rubber sample are arranged axially in parallel, and the grinding wheel can drive the rubber sample to rotate around the axis when the grinding wheel rotates around the axis.

[0040] Further, the wear debris collection and classification part comprises a vacuum pump, an impingement classifier sampler, and a housing, the impingement classifier sampler is arranged in the housing, the impingement classifier sampler makes the suspended particles pass through a plurality of stages arranged one after another from top to bottom in series, each stage comprises a nozzle and a flat impingement plate, each subsequent stage gradually captures smaller particles, so that efficient collection can be carried out in different particle size ranges; the vacuum pump can be arranged inside or outside the housing; the vacuum pump draws the suspended particles from the wear test part into the housing, the airflow containing the particles is guided onto the flat impingement plate, where larger particles are collected, smaller particles are carried away with the airflow and remain uncollected, thereby causing a significant particle size difference between the collected particles and the uncollected particles; and the particles in the sealed box that are not carried away by the airflow are classified and collected by different particle size sampling screens.

[0041] Further, the impingement classifier sampler is used for size-selective collection of aerosol particles, the particles in the impinger are classified according to their aerodynamic diameter, and in addition, the main parameter controlling the classification of particles in the flat impingement plate is the Stokes number St, which is a dimensionless parameter used to predict whether the particles will hit the flat impingement plate of the stage or follow the air flow lines out of the impingement area and remain in the air.

[0042] The formula of the Stokes number St is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] ρ pD represents the particle density, C represents the slip, V o D represents the average air velocity at the nozzle exit, V o = q / π(W / 2) 2 D p D represents the particle diameter, μ represents the air density, W represents the nozzle diameter, and q represents the gas volume flow rate through the nozzle.

[0045] Further, the wear test part further comprises a control rod and a control platform; the rubber sample is arranged on the control platform and can rotate around the axis on the control platform; the control platform is arranged on the control rod, and the control rod is connected with a motor; the motor drives the control rod to rotate to adjust the position of the control platform on the control rod.

[0046] Further, the axis of the grinding wheel is connected with a motor, and the motor drives the grinding wheel to rotate; preferably, the grinding wheel is a fused alumina wheel.

[0047] Further, the contact angle between the rubber sample and the grinding wheel is 5-6°, preferably 5-5.5°.

[0048] Further, the testing machine can classify the wear debris particles into small-size wear debris particles and large-size wear debris particles; wherein the particle size of the small-size wear debris particles is less than or equal to 18 μm, preferably 0.054-18 μm; and the particle size of the large-size wear debris particles is greater than 18 μm, preferably greater than 18 μm and less than 1000 μm.

[0049] Further, the testing machine can classify the small-size wear debris particles into 0.054-2.5 μm, 2.5-10 μm, 10-18 μm; and classify the large-size wear debris particles into 18-150 μm, 150-300 μm, 300-500 μm, and 500-1000 μm.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0051] 1. The carbon material rubber composite material provided by the present application has the following advantages:

[0052] (1) Strong wear resistance

[0053] Akron abrasion: 0.075-0.092 cm 3 , which is at least 33% higher than that of traditional rubber composite materials;

[0054] DIN abrasion: 0.068-0.080 cm 3 , which is at least 20% higher than that of traditional rubber composite materials;

[0055] Testing machine abrasion: 1.90-2.35 g, which is at least 36% lower than that of traditional rubber composite materials.

[0056] (2) PM10, PM2.5 reduction

[0057] The rubber wear particles in the PM10, PM2.5 particle size range are reduced by more than 50% in mass loss.

[0058] 2. The carbon material rubber composite material provided by the application can be applied to the tread rubber of a "green tire" with high wear resistance and low emission, thereby improving wear resistance and reducing PM10 and PM2.5 emissions.

[0059] 3. The abrasion testing machine provided by the application can be used for testing abrasion, collecting abrasion particles, and grading the abrasion particles, thereby solving the technical problem that PM10 and PM2.5 wear particles cannot be accurately collected and providing a basis for judging the generation of rubber wear particles (TWPs). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 The abrasion testing machine provided by the application is shown in the structural schematic view.

[0061] Figure 2 The contact between the grinding wheel and the rubber sample in the abrasion testing machine provided by the application is shown in the enlarged view.

[0062] Reference signs:

[0063] 21, grinding wheel; 22, rubber sample; 23, sealed box; 24, control platform; 25, control rod; 26, motor; 31, vacuum pump; 32, impact type grading sampler; 33, shell; 34, planar impact plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The application will be specifically described below in combination with specific drawings and examples. It is necessary to point out here that the following examples are only used for further illustration of the application and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the application. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments of the application made by a person skilled in the art according to the content of the application still belong to the protection scope of the application.

[0065] In the following examples and comparative examples, the raw materials are all sourced from commercially available products.

[0066] In the test method of the following examples and comparative examples, the rubber composite material prepared is subjected to 16 h of standing treatment, and then the rubber material is measured. According to the vulcanization curve and T 90 , the flat plate vulcanizer is used for vulcanization treatment (temperature 150-160℃, pressure 15-20 MPa, time 10-30 min), and the sample after vulcanization is subjected to abrasion testing and collection of wear particles, and the size and morphology of the wear particles are analyzed.

[0067] The test method is as follows:

[0068] The standard of Akron abrasion test is according to GBT1689-2014.

[0069] The drum method abrasion test (DIN) is according to GB / T9867-2008.

[0070] The abrasion tester is used to simulate the tire wear process when the car runs at a speed of 60km / h, to test the abrasion performance and collect rubber wear particles for analyzing the size and morphology of the rubber wear particles, and analyzing how much and the proportion of PM10 and PM2.5 generated in the rubber composite wear process.

[0071] It should be noted that when the tire with a size of 205 / 45R16 is inflated to 300kPa, its effective ground contact area is about 82.5cm 2 , and the average ground pressure is about 420kPa. When the car runs at a speed of 60km / h, the angular velocity of the tire is about 480r / min, and the typical slip ratio of the tire and the ground under stable conditions is about 5%. Therefore, in order to better simulate the tire wear condition during the car running process, in the test of the abrasion tester, the total number of revolutions of the rubber sample is 60000, the load is 250N, the contact area is 4.78cm 2 , the angular velocity is 480rpm, the slip ratio is 5%, and other test conditions remain unchanged in all experiments, the temperature and relative humidity are maintained at about 28℃±1℃ and 30%±10%, respectively. Before testing, the rubber sample weight is weighed using a high-precision digital balance accurate to four decimal places, and the weight loss is measured using the same balance. Each group of rubber composite samples includes 10 test samples, and after the test is completed, the total weight loss of the 10 rubber samples is recorded.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of carbon material rubber composite, the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 1:

[0074] Table 1:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Among them, the whisker-like carbon nanotube fiber raw material is purchased from the First Element Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., with a fiber aspect ratio of 100, an ash content of 1.6%, a Raman G / D of 1.05, and a carbon content of 98.15%.

[0078] The preparation steps of the carbon material rubber composite of this example are as follows:

[0079] The rubber matrix, zinc oxide, stearic acid, antioxidant, paraffin, carbon black, white carbon black, carbon material, silane coupling agent were added into the internal mixer, and mixed in the internal mixer at a working temperature of 60℃ and a rotor speed of 60rpm for 12min, and then heat treated at 150℃ and 20rpm for 5min, and then the accelerator and sulfur were added to obtain a rubber mixed rubber, and then molded into a carbon material / solution polymerized styrene-butadiene / cis-butadiene rubber composite material on a flat plate vulcanizing instrument at 150℃ for 30min.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a carbon material rubber composite material, and the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 2:

[0082] Table 2:

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Among them, the enhanced graphene is purchased from Changzhou Sixth Element Material Science and Technology Co., Ltd., the specific surface area is 236m 2 / g, D 50 is 4.6, the water mass fraction is 2%, and the carbon content is 88.75%

[0086] The preparation method of the carbon material rubber composite material of this example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] This example is used to illustrate the preparation of a carbon material rubber composite material, and the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 3:

[0089] Table 3:

[0090] Component Parts by weight Solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) 80 Butadiene rubber (BR) 20 Reinforced graphene 1 Whisker-like carbon nanotube fiber 1 White carbon black VN3 30 Carbon black N234 28 Si69 3 Zinc oxide 2 Stearic acid 3 Antioxidant 4020 1 Paraffin wax 1 Accelerator D 2 Accelerator CZ 2 Sulfur 1.5

[0091] Among them, the whisker-shaped carbon nanotubes used in this example are the same as those used in Example 1; and the enhanced graphene used is the same as that used in Example 2.

[0092] The preparation method of the carbon material rubber composite material of this example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] This comparative example is used to illustrate the preparation of a carbon material rubber composite material, and the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 4:

[0095] Table 4:

[0096] Component Parts by weight Solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) 80 Butadiene rubber (BR) 20 Carbon nanotube 2 White carbon black VN3 30 Carbon black N234 28 Si69 3 Zinc oxide 2 Stearic acid 3 Antioxidant 4020 1 Paraffin wax 1 Accelerator D 2 Accelerator CZ 2 Sulfur 1.5

[0097] The carbon nanotube is a single-walled carbon nanotube fiber commercially available, with a fiber length-diameter ratio of 10000, ash content of 4%, Raman G / D of 3.54, and carbon content of 81.25%.

[0098] The carbon material rubber composite of the present comparative example was prepared by the same method as that of Example 1.

[0099] Comparative Example 2

[0100] The present comparative example was used to illustrate the preparation of a carbon material rubber composite, and the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 5:

[0101] Table 5:

[0102] Component Parts by weight Solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) 80 Butadiene rubber (BR) 20 Graphene 2 White carbon black VN3 30 Carbon black N234 28 Si69 3 Zinc oxide 2 Stearic acid 3 Antioxidant 4020 1 Paraffin wax 1 Accelerator D 2 Accelerator CZ 2 Sulfur 1.5

[0103] The graphene is a common graphene powder (commercially available), with a specific surface area of 165 m 2 / g, D 50 of 10.3, water mass fraction of 4.4%, and carbon content of 74.16%.

[0104] The carbon material rubber composite of the present comparative example was prepared by the same method as that of Example 1.

[0105] Comparative Example 3

[0106] The present comparative example was used to illustrate the preparation of a carbon material rubber composite, and the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 6:

[0107] Table 6:

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] In the present comparative example, the carbon nanotube used is the same as that of Comparative Example 1, and the graphene used is the same as that of Comparative Example 2.

[0111] The carbon material rubber composite of the present comparative example was prepared by the same method as that of Example 1.

[0112] Comparative Example 4

[0113] The present comparative example was used to illustrate the preparation of a carbon material rubber composite, and the components and weight parts used are shown in Table 7:

[0114] Table 7:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] The preparation method of the carbon-based rubber composite material in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0118] The carbon material solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber / cis-butadiene rubber composites prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to Akron abrasion test, DIN abrasion test, and wear particle analysis using the above test methods. The wear particle analysis was performed using an abrasion testing machine.

[0119] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the abrasion testing machine includes a wear testing section and a wear debris collection and classification section, which are connected by a pipeline. The wear testing section includes a molten alumina grinding wheel 21, a rubber sample 22, and a sealed chamber 23. Both the molten alumina grinding wheel 21 and the rubber sample 22 are housed within the sealed chamber 23, and are axially parallel. A motor 26 is connected to the axis of the molten alumina grinding wheel 21. When the motor 26 is started, it drives the molten alumina grinding wheel 21 to rotate, thereby rotating the rubber sample 22. In this invention, the rubber sample 22 is made from the rubber materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. During testing, the contact angle between the molten alumina grinding wheel 21 and the rubber sample 22 is 5°, and the diameter of the rubber sample 22 is 130 mm.

[0120] Furthermore, the wear test section also includes a control platform 24 and a control rod 25; the rubber sample 22 is set on the control platform 24 and can rotate axially on the control platform 24; the control platform 24 is set on the control rod 25, and the control rod 25 is connected to a motor 26; the motor 26 drives the control rod 25 to rotate to adjust the position of the control platform 24 on the control rod 25, thereby adjusting the contact load and pressure between the rubber sample 22 and the molten alumina grinding wheel 21.

[0121] Furthermore, the wear debris collection and classification section includes a vacuum pump 31, an impact-type classifier sampler 32, and a housing 33. The vacuum pump has a flow rate of 30 L / min under standard atmospheric temperature and pressure. The vacuum pump extracts suspended particles, which are then collected and classified by the impact-type classifier sampler, which can handle small-sized tread wear debris particles (less than or equal to 18 μm). Large-sized wear debris particles (greater than 18 μm) that cannot be extracted are collected manually and classified using sieves with mesh sizes of 18 mesh, 30 mesh, 50 mesh, and 100 mesh.

[0122] Specifically, the impingement classifier 32 is arranged in the housing 33 and includes four stages arranged in sequence from top to bottom, each stage including a nozzle and a flat impingement plate 34, and the vacuum pump 31 is arranged inside the housing 33; the vacuum pump 31 draws small-size wear debris from the wear test part into the housing 33, and the small-size wear debris is collected and classified by the impingement classifier 32; large-size wear debris is left in the sealed box 23 and is classified and collected by different particle size sampling screens; after the large-size wear debris is collected manually, the sampling screens with mesh numbers of 18 mesh, 30 mesh, 50 mesh and 100 mesh are used for classification and collection.

[0123] More specifically, the impingement classifier 32 is generally used for size-selective collection of aerosol particles, and its working principle is as follows: the airflow containing particles is introduced into a plurality of stages arranged in sequence, and after the airflow is discharged from the nozzle, it first impacts the flat impingement plate, and larger particles are collected, and smaller particles are carried away by the airflow and not collected into the next stage. Thus, there is a clear size difference between the collected tire wear debris and the uncollected tire wear debris. The classified size of the tire wear debris is classified by the aerodynamic diameter. Among them, the tire wear debris with a diameter less than 18 μm is a suspended particle, and the suspended particles with a particle size less than 10 μm and less than 2.5 μm are called inhalable particles (PM10 and PM2.5)

[0124] In the present application, when the test is performed, the flow rate of the vacuum pump under standard atmospheric temperature and pressure is 30 L / min, and the diameter of the nozzle is 0.380 cm.

[0125] Table 8 shows the Akron abrasion test, DIN abrasion test, and mass loss and wear particle test results of the rubber composite materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0126] Table 8:

[0127]

[0128] According to the data in Table 8, the rubber materials provided in Examples 1-3 have good wear resistance and low emission of wear particles.

[0129] Further, as can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, after the rubber material is prepared by using the multi-walled carbon nanotube fiber in Example 1, the Akron abrasion of Example 1 is increased by 37.01%, the DIN abrasion is increased by 29.44%, the mass loss of wear is reduced by 36.51%, the mass of wear particles of PM10 and PM2.5 is reduced by 54.12% and 63.64% respectively, which indicates that the multi-walled carbon nanotube fiber can improve the wear resistance of rubber and reduce the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 particles more than the carbon nanotube, and is not easy to break locally in rubber processing (high temperature shearing) and dynamic deformation. Overall, the reinforcing effect on the rubber composite material is better. The carbon nanotube in Comparative Example 1 has a very high aspect ratio, a smooth surface, strong chemical inertness, weak physical entanglement and chemical bonding with rubber molecular chains, low interface stress transfer efficiency, poor mechanical properties and easy to break; high ash content, low carbon content and many impurities; high Raman G / D and many lattice defects, which are easy to break locally in rubber processing (high temperature shearing) or dynamic deformation, and the reinforcing effect on the rubber composite material is not as good as the multi-walled carbon nanotube fiber used in Example 1.

[0130] Further, as can be seen from the comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, after the rubber material is prepared by using the enhanced graphene in Example 2, the Akron abrasion of Example 2 is increased by 38.57%, the DIN abrasion is increased by 21.27%, the mass loss of wear is reduced by 37.96%, the mass of wear particles of PM10 and PM2.5 is reduced by 70.27% and 56.25% respectively, which indicates that the enhanced graphene can improve the wear resistance of rubber and reduce the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 particles more than the graphene, and is not easy to break locally in rubber processing (high temperature shearing) and dynamic deformation. Overall, the reinforcing effect on the rubber composite material is better. The specific surface of the graphene in Comparative Example 2 is small and the active sites are few, D 50 The large size and many impurities are not conducive to the dispersion of the graphene in the rubber composite material, so the reinforcing effect is not as good as the enhanced graphene in Example 1.

[0131] Further, as can be seen from the comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Example 3, the Akron abrasion of Example 3 is increased by 33.64%, the DIN abrasion is increased by 23.55%, the mass loss of wear is reduced by 36.79%, the mass of wear particles of PM10 and PM2.5 is reduced by 56.72% and 59.38% respectively, which indicates that the multi-walled carbon nanotube fiber and the enhanced graphene can improve the wear resistance of rubber and reduce the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 particles when used together.

[0132] Further, as can be seen from the comparison of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 4, the Akron abrasion of Example 1 is increased by 37.01%, the DIN abrasion is increased by 29.44%, the mass loss of wear is reduced by 63.06%, the mass loss of PM10 and PM2.5 wear particles is reduced by 53.01% and 65.96%, respectively; the Akron abrasion performance of Example 2 is increased by 40.18%, the DIN abrasion performance is increased by 29.37%, the mass loss of wear is reduced by 55.21%, the mass loss of PM10 and PM2.5 wear particles is reduced by 86.75% and 85.11%, respectively; the Akron abrasion performance of Example 3 is increased by 43.66%, the DIN abrasion performance is increased by 35.76%, the mass loss of wear is reduced by 58.24%, the mass loss of PM10 and PM2.5 wear particles is reduced by 65.06% and 72.34%, respectively; it is shown that the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotube fibers and / or enhanced graphene can improve the wear resistance of rubber and reduce the generation of PM10 and PM2.5 particles.

[0133] In summary, the present application can improve the wear resistance of rubber materials and change the particle size distribution of rubber wear particles by introducing multi-walled carbon nanotube fibers and / or enhanced graphene, which has a significant effect on reducing the emission of PM10 and PM2.5 particles.

[0134] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed by the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon material rubber composite, prepared from raw material components comprising, in parts by weight based on 100 parts of a rubber matrix: 100 parts by weight of the rubber matrix; 1-20 parts by weight of a carbon material; 1-80 parts by weight of a filler; the carbon material is selected from one or a combination of carbon nanotube fibers and graphene; the carbon nanotube fibers are selected from whisker-like carbon nanotube fibers having an aspect ratio of 90-150, ash content < 2.5%, Raman G / D of 1-2.5, and carbon content > 97%; The graphene is selected from reinforced graphene, which has a specific surface area of 180-280 m 2 / g, D 50 < 10.0, water mass fraction < 4%, carbon content > 85%.

2. The carbon material rubber composite of claim 1, wherein: the rubber matrix is selected from one or a combination of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and cis-butadiene rubber; preferably, when the rubber matrix is selected from a combination of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and cis-butadiene rubber, the mass ratio of the solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber to cis-butadiene rubber is 70-80:20-30; the filler is selected from a combination of white carbon black and carbon black; the mass ratio of the white carbon black to carbon black is (10-50):(5-40), preferably (20-35):(25-30).

3. The carbon material rubber composite according to claim 1, characterized by, the raw material components further comprise auxiliaries, in parts by weight based on 100 parts of the rubber matrix:

4. A method for preparing the carbon material rubber composite of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: mixing the raw material components comprising the rubber matrix, the carbon material, and the filler in the proportions to obtain the carbon material rubber composite; preferably, mixing the raw material components comprising the rubber matrix, the carbon material, the filler, and the auxiliaries in the proportions in an internal mixer to obtain the carbon material rubber composite; preferably, the temperature of the working zone of the internal mixer is first set to 50-60°C and mixed for 12-14 min, and then set to 150-160°C and mixed for 5-6 min.

5. Use of the carbon material rubber composite of any one of claims 1-4 for preparing a rubber product, preferably a tire.

6. An abrasion tester for abrasion analysis of a rubber composite, preferably for particle size analysis of wear particles of a rubber composite, more preferably for abrasion analysis of the carbon material rubber composite of any one of claims 1-4.

7. The abrasion tester of claim 6, wherein, the abrasion tester comprises a wear testing part and a wear debris collection and classification part, the wear testing part being in communication with the wear debris collection and classification part through a pipe; the wear testing part comprises a grinding wheel, a rubber sample, and a sealed box, the grinding wheel and the rubber sample being disposed in the sealed box and axially parallel to each other, the grinding wheel rotating around its axis to drive the rubber sample to rotate around its axis. The debris collection and classification part comprises a vacuum pump, an impingement classifier and a housing; the impingement classifier is arranged in the housing, the impingement classifier collects and classifies the suspended particles by making the suspended particles pass through a plurality of stages arranged one after another from top to bottom, each stage comprises a nozzle and a flat impingement plate, the vacuum pump is arranged in or outside the housing, the vacuum pump draws the suspended particles from the wear test part into the housing, and the suspended particles are collected and classified by the impingement classifier through impingement; the debris particles remaining in the sealed box are classified and collected by the sample separation screen with different particle sizes.

8. The abrasion tester of claim 7, wherein, The wear test part further comprises a control rod and a control platform; the rubber sample is arranged on the control platform, the rubber sample can rotate around the axis on the control platform, the control platform is arranged on the control rod, the control rod is connected with a motor, and the motor drives the control rod to rotate to adjust the position of the control platform on the control rod.

9. The abrasion tester of claim 7, wherein, The axis of the grinding wheel is connected with a motor, and the motor drives the grinding wheel to rotate around the axis. Preferably, the grinding wheel is a fused alumina grinding wheel. Preferably, the contact angle between the rubber sample and the grinding wheel is 5-6°, preferably 5-5.5°.

10. The abrasion tester of claim 7, wherein, The testing machine can classify the debris particles into small-size debris particles and large-size debris particles. The particle size of the small-size debris particles is less than or equal to 18 μm, preferably 0.054-18 μm. The particle size of the large-size debris particles is greater than 18 μm, preferably greater than 18 μm and less than 1000 μm. Preferably, the testing machine can classify the small-size debris particles into 0.054-2.5 μm, 2.5-10 μm and 10-18 μm. Preferably, the testing machine can classify the large-size debris particles into 18-150 μm, 150-300 μm, 300-500 μm and 500-1000 μm. Preferably, the testing machine can classify the large-size debris particles into 18-150 μm, 150-300 μm, 300-500 μm and 500-1000 μm.

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