Thermochromic stain-resistant flame-retardant multifunctional fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermochromic anti-fouling flame-retardant multifunctional fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric comprises a fabric woven by yarns with the following core-spun structure: a core layer is made of 20D-50D flame-retardant filaments; the outer layer is blended fibers, and the blended fibers are formed by blending the following short fibers in percentage by mass: 30%-60% of intrinsic flame-retardant fibers and 70%-40% of thermochromic flame-retardant fibers. The thermochromic flame-retardant fiber is prepared by simultaneously introducing a thermochromic microcapsule pigment and a flame retardant into a polyacrylonitrile stock solution and adopting a wet spinning process. The obtained yarn is subjected to plain weaving or twill weaving and three-proofing finishing treatment, and finally the multifunctional fabric with the reversible thermochromic, flame-retardant and antifouling functions is obtained. The color of the fabric can be changed under the specific temperature condition, and the fabric is used for temperature prompting of the working environment and has excellent safety performance and industrial application value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of functional textile technology, in particular to a multifunctional fabric with thermochromic, anti-fouling and flame-retardant functions and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of textile technology and the increasing demand for personalized applications, functional fabrics with special protective properties are widely used in industrial safety, emergency rescue, police equipment and other fields. Traditional protective fabrics often use intrinsic flame-retardant fibers, flame-retardant finishing technology or functional coatings to achieve flame-retardant, anti-fouling and other safety protection functions. However, the functions of existing fabrics tend to be homogenized, and the fabrics lack the ability to perceive changes in the working environment while having protective properties, making it difficult to meet the diversified needs of intelligent protection and visual cues.

[0003] In recent years, thermochromic materials have been gradually applied to textiles for color display, fashion and temperature display. However, such materials are often applied to the surface of the fabric through post-processing methods such as coating and printing, which have poor color fastness, poor washability, and non-durable functions. At the same time, thermochromic materials have compatibility and processing difficulties with flame retardants and anti-fouling finishing agents, making it difficult to form a multifunctional fiber and fabric product with stable structure and durable performance.

[0004] In addition, although some studies have attempted to integrate color change and flame retardant, anti-fouling and other functions in fabrics, they are often limited to finishing process level and fail to achieve functional integration design from the fiber itself. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new fabric preparation method that can stably impart thermochromic function while ensuring flame retardant and anti-fouling performance, and meet the application needs of multifunctional fabrics in multiple scenarios and high standards through the synergistic integration of yarn, fabric structure and finishing process. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the problems of single function, complex processing and unstable color change performance of existing functional fabrics, and provides a thermochromic, anti-fouling and flame-retardant multifunctional fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric has good thermochromic effect and can change color visually at different temperature environments, which can be used for safety prompt and warning in the working environment.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application proposes the following technical solutions:

[0007] A thermochromic, anti-fouling and flame-retardant multifunctional fabric, comprising a fabric woven from a core-spun yarn as follows:

[0008] The core layer is a flame-retardant filament with a denier of 20D to 50D;

[0009] The outer layer is a blended fiber composed of 30-60% of inherently flame-retardant fibers and 70-40% of thermochromic flame-retardant fibers by mass percentage;

[0010] The inherently flame-retardant fibers are at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, armos, polyimide, and polyaryloxadiazole;

[0011] The thermochromic flame-retardant fibers are fibers prepared by introducing thermochromic microcapsule pigments and flame retardants into a polyacrylonitrile-based spinning dope in a wet spinning process;

[0012] The fabric is a plain or twill weave with a warp density of 400 ends / 10 cm and a weft density of 300 ends / 10 cm, and a weight of 140-290 ± 10 g / m 2 ;

[0013] The fabric is treated with a three-proofing finishing process, and the finishing liquid contains 2-6 wt% of an eco-friendly and environmentally-friendly anti-staining agent (free of harmful substances such as organic halides, fluorocarbons, APEO, PFOA, PFOS, etc.).

[0014] The thermochromic microcapsule pigments are selected from one or more of colorless-to-colored, colored-to-colored, or colorless-to-colored types.

[0015] The thermochromic pigments have a color change temperature range of -15°C to 80°C.

[0016] The content of the thermochromic microcapsule pigments in the thermochromic flame-retardant fibers is 1-10% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile, and the content of the flame retardant is 20-40% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile.

[0017] The core-spun yarn is made using a Siroclospinning process and a core-spun spinning technology, and has a yarn count of 36S-48S.

[0018] The above fabric undergoes a visible color change under a set temperature condition, and is used to realize a temperature warning function for the working environment.

[0019] The preparation method of the above thermochromic anti-staining and flame-retardant multifunctional fabric includes the following steps:

[0020] Preparation of thermochromic flame-retardant fibers:

[0021] Thermochromic microcapsule pigments (1-10%) and flame retardants (20-40%) are added to the PAN dope, and short fibers are prepared using a wet spinning process after adding a dispersing agent;

[0022] Preparation of core-spun yarn:

[0023] The thermochromic flame-retardant fiber is blended with essential flame-retardant fiber as an outer layer, flame-retardant filaments are used as a core layer, and a core-spun yarn is prepared by using a Siro compact spinning combined with core spinning;

[0024] Fabric weaving:

[0025] The yarn is woven into a fabric with a warp density of 400 threads / 10 cm, a weft density of 300 threads / 10 cm, and a grammage of 180-240 g / m 2 ;

[0026] Antifouling finishing treatment:

[0027] The fabric is subjected to padding adsorption treatment in a finishing liquid containing 2%-6% antifouling finishing agent, the drying temperature is 110-130 DEG C, and the heat setting temperature is 160-180 DEG C.

[0028] The thermochromic microcapsule pigment is at least one of a color-to-colorless type, a color-to-color type, and a colorless-to-color type.

[0029] The dispersant is added to the spinning dope in an amount of 1%-2% of the mass of PAN.

[0030] The bath ratio of the finishing process is 1:8-1:10, and the finishing line speed is 15-25 m / min.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the application has significant differences in functional integration design and fiber structure innovation, mainly in the following aspects:

[0032] Higher degree of functional integration: the technical path of integrating thermochromic and flame-retardant and antifouling functions in the prior art mostly stays at the level of fabric finishing, such as adding color-changing agents and finishing agents by surface coating or padding treatment, which has the problems of poor color-changing stability and low washing resistance; while the application starts from the design of fiber raw materials, and prepares functional fibers with reversible color-changing property and essential flame-retardant property by blending thermochromic microcapsule pigments and environmentally friendly flame retardants in PAN dope for wet spinning, thereby constructing a multifunctional structure with functions embedded from the "raw material level", and significantly improving the functional durability and processing adaptability of the fabric.

[0033] Unique composite yarn structure: most of the existing flame-retardant or color-changing functional fabrics use single-component yarns or parallel fiber blending, and the application further introduces flame-retardant filaments as core filaments on the basis of fiber blending, forms a core-shell multi-layer structure by using Siro compact spinning combined with core spinning technology, realizes the synergy of flame-retardant strength framework and outer functional fibers, has better mechanical strength, spinnability and stable coating effect, and balances wearability and safety.

[0034] The color change has environmental warning significance: the color change of the fabric before and after the set temperature point is discernible by naked eyes through flexible regulation of the type and proportion of the thermochromic pigment, the fabric has clear environmental temperature sensing and visual prompting functions, is different from the passive performance of the traditional protective fabric, and improves the active safety warning capability of the garment under special working conditions such as high temperature and low temperature.

[0035] The process path can be implemented industrially: the overall technical route of the fiber-yarn-fabric-finishing constructed by the application does not depend on special equipment, the wet spinning, colored spinning, compact spinning, dip padding and heat setting adopted are all mature industrial processes, which are convenient for large-scale promotion, and have good engineering implementability and industrial transformation value.

[0036] In summary, on the basis of the existing flame-retardant, color-changing, three-proofing and other dispersion technologies, the application realizes stable cooperation of structural flame-retardant, visual color-changing and stain-resistant and stain-resistant functions for the first time through fiber-level functional fusion, yarn structure design innovation and process flow reconstruction, has significant technical progress, and embodies outstanding creativity.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The thermochromic function is introduced into the fiber inside through the original solution spinning, the durability and uniformity of the color change are improved, and the problems of easy falling off and poor fastness of the conventional surface coating are overcome;

[0039] The intrinsic flame-retardant fiber and the thermochromic fiber are blended, and the flame-retardant core yarn is used for core spinning to form a composite yarn with both strength and function;

[0040] The fabric has temperature sensing and color response functions, and can visually change color under specific temperature conditions, providing color warning of potential risks for operating personnel;

[0041] The fabric is given excellent stain resistance, water resistance and oil resistance through the finishing process, meeting the needs of high-risk working conditions for cleanliness and durability;

[0042] The whole preparation process is clear and suitable for industrialization, and can be widely applied to protective clothing and equipment in the fields of fire fighting, police, electric power and chemical industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the application, the application will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only preferred modes, and the protection scope of the application should not be limited thereto.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] 1. Preparation of thermochromic fiber

[0046] The proportion of thermochromic microcapsule pigments is 1% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and the color-changing type is selected to be color-to-colorless, with color specifications: blue-to-colorless, temperature range 40℃, and color-to-color, with color specifications: blue-to-green, temperature range 40℃. The proportion of the flame retardant is 20% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The spinning dope is sprayed out of the spinneret, stretched by multiple water flows with different flow rates, and then 1.5D filaments are obtained. After being cut, 51mm short fibers are obtained.

[0047] 2. Yarn preparation

[0048] (1) Determination of raw material ratio: the blending component ratio is 30% aramid 1313 and 70% thermochromic flame-retardant fiber + 30D flame-retardant nylon filament.

[0049] (2) Dyeing of raw materials: aramid 1313 is dyed into light blue, and the color should be consistent with the color-changing thermochromic pigment.

[0050] (3) Blended raw material pretreatment process

[0051] Health treatment: after the blending of raw materials or colorants, the antistatic oil agent and water are mixed into a stable emulsion at a mass ratio of 1:100, and then uniformly sprayed on the raw materials. After stacking for at least 24 hours, the processing is carried out. It is necessary to control the moisture regain within a reasonable range. If the moisture regain is too low, the raw materials will be dry, and the fibers will be easily damaged during carding. If the moisture regain is too high, the raw materials will easily wrap around the cylinder.

[0052] (4) Opening and cleaning

[0053] The cleaning process follows the process principle of "more combing, less beating, light beating, and low speed" to minimize fiber damage, while implementing good anti-sticking measures. By reducing the cotton roll weight, reducing the lap length, and increasing the tight pressure of the roto, sticking can be effectively prevented. The beater speed of the grabber is 700r / min, the carding needle beater speed of the opener is 500r / min, the cotton roll roller speed is 11r / min, the designed weight of the cotton roll is 400g / m, and the length of the cotton roll is 25m.

[0054] (5) Carding

[0055] In the carding process, the process principle of "low speed, light weight, and large gauge" should be adopted. By reducing the cylinder speed and increasing the gauge, the influence of static electricity on the spinning process can be reduced. The sliver weight is controlled at 3g / 10m, the doffer speed is 23r / min, the cylinder speed is 295r / min, the licker-in speed is 730r / min, and the cylinder flat gauge is 0.38mm, 0.33mm, 0.33mm, and 0.38mm.

[0056] (6) Drawing process

[0057] In the drawing process, the process principle of "low speed, large gauge, heavy pressure, light weight, and smooth drafting" should be adopted. Due to the difficulty in controlling the temperature and humidity in the workshop, the cotton sliver uniformity fluctuates greatly, and three drawing is generally adopted to reduce the unevenness of the cotton sliver. The top sliver weight is controlled at 6g / 10m.

[0058] Item One doubling Two doublings Three doublings Pitch (mm) 22*19*27 22*19*27 22*19*27 Speed (r / min) 2400-2800 2800-3000 2300-2600 Doublings 7 7 8

[0059] (7) Roving process

[0060] Process standard: weight control at 3g / 10m.

[0061] Twist factor Roller holding distance After-draft 50 70、40、78 1.1-1.2

[0062] (8) Spinning process

[0063] In order to reduce yarn hairiness and improve yarn strength, the Siro Compact Spinning and core-spun composite process technology are adopted, that is, two rovings are fed into the drafting device of the spinning machine at the same time, and the two rovings are located in the condensing area of the compact device to condense the hairiness. Then the flame-retardant nylon filament is spun into the required yarn by adjusting the yarn guide wheel installed above the front skin roller to the center position of the two rovings at the yarn delivery point. Among them, the Siro spinning process can ensure that the core yarn is evenly distributed in the middle of the two rovings, ensure the covering effect, avoid the core exposure defect, the compact spinning process reduces the yarn hairiness, improves the yarn surface neatness, improves the yarn quality, the twist factor is controlled at 120, the twist direction is Z twist, and the count is 48S.

[0064] (9) Doubling and twisting process, control the twist direction to be S twist and the twist degree to be 115 twists / 10cm, and two of the single core-spun yarns are doubled to obtain the new type of thermochromic flame-retardant multifunctional yarn.

[0065] 2. Weaving

[0066] The spun new type of thermochromic flame-retardant multifunctional yarn is used to weave cloth with a high-speed air-jet loom or a rapier loom, the organization is selected to be 1 / 1 plain weave, the density is 400 warp yarns / 10cm, the weft is 300 yarns / 10cm, the width is 150cm, and the weight is 180±10g / m 2 .

[0067] 3. Functional finishing, heat setting and drying

[0068] The soil-resistant finishing is completed by the dip adsorption method, wherein the finishing agent content is 4%, the dip finishing liquid temperature is 40-60℃, the drying temperature is 110-130℃, the heat setting temperature is 160-180℃, the bath ratio is 1:8-1:10, and the finishing line running speed is 15-25m / min.

[0069] The fabric will be green at an ambient temperature of 40°C, which plays a certain warning role, and the green color in a hot environment also has a certain visual soothing effect.

[0070] The new thermochromic anti-fouling and flame-retardant multifunctional fabric was tested, and the washing fastness, perspiration fastness, rubbing fastness, and sunlight fastness all reached the standard of level 4 or above. The breaking strength, tearing strength, after-flame time, after-glow time, and damage length all met the A-level requirements of GB8965.1-2020 "Protective Clothing Flame-Resistant Clothing" standard.

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Example 2

[0074] 1. Preparation of thermochromic fiber

[0075] The thermochromic microcapsule pigment was added at a proportion of 2% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and two types of pigments were used to produce thermochromic fibers: colorless-to-colored type (color specification: green, temperature range 40°C) and colored-to-colored type (color specification: blue-to-green, temperature range 40°C). The amount of flame retardant used was 30% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The spinning dope was sprayed through the spinneret, stretched by multiple water flows with different flow rates, and obtained 1.5D filaments. After cutting, 51mm short fibers were obtained.

[0076] 2. Yarn preparation

[0077] (1) Determine the mixing ratio of raw materials: 20% aramid 1313, 5% aramid 1414, 10% polyimide, and 65% thermochromic flame-retardant fiber + 30D flame-retardant nylon filament.

[0078] (2) Dyeing of raw materials: aramid 1313 is dyed blue, and the color should be consistent with the colored-to-colored thermochromic pigment.

[0079] (3) Pretreatment process of mixed raw materials

[0080] Curing treatment: After the mixed raw materials or colorants, prepare a stable emulsion by mixing antistatic oil and water at a mass ratio of 1:100, and evenly spray it on the raw materials. After stacking for at least 24h, proceed with processing. Pay attention to controlling the moisture regain within a reasonable range. Too low moisture regain will cause the raw materials to be dry and easily damaged during carding, while too high moisture regain will cause the raw materials to easily wrap around the cylinder.

[0081] (4) Opening and cleaning

[0082] The cleaning process implements the principle of "more combing, less beating, light beating, and low speed" to minimize the damage to the fibers, while implementing good anti-sticking measures. By reducing the cotton roll weight, reducing the lap length, and increasing the tight pressure of the roto, the sticking of the lap can be effectively prevented. The speed of the beater of the grabber is 700 r / min, the speed of the beater of the opener is 500 r / min, the speed of the cotton roll is 11 r / min, the design weight of the cotton roll is 400 g / m, and the length of the cotton roll is 25 m.

[0083] (5) Carding

[0084] In the carding process, the principle of "low speed, light weight, and large gauge" should be adopted. By reducing the speed of the cylinder and increasing the gauge, the influence of static electricity on the spinning process can be reduced. The sliver weight is controlled at 3 g / 10 m, the doffer speed is 23 r / min, the cylinder speed is 295 r / min, the speed of the taker-in is 730 r / min, and the gauge of the cylinder flat is 0.38 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.33 mm, and 0.38 mm.

[0085] (6) Drawing Process

[0086] In the drawing process, the principle of "low speed, large gauge, heavy pressure, light weight, and smooth drafting" should be adopted. Due to the difficulty in controlling the temperature and humidity in the workshop, the evenness of the sliver fluctuates greatly, and three-drawing is generally used to reduce the unevenness of the sliver. The sliver weight is controlled at 6 g / 10 m.

[0087] Item One doubling Two doublings Three doublings Pitch (mm) 22*19*27 22*19*27 22*19*27 Speed (r / min) 2400-2800 2800-3000 2300-2600 Doublings 7 7 8

[0088] (7) Roving Process

[0089] Process standard: the weight is controlled at 3 g / 10 m.

[0090] Twist factor Roller holding distance After-draft 50 70、40、78 1.1-1.2

[0091] (8) Spinning Process

[0092] In order to reduce the hairiness of the yarn and improve the strength of the yarn, the Siro compact spinning and core-spun composite process technology are adopted, that is, two rovings are fed into the drafting device of the spinning frame at the same time, and the two rovings are located in the condensing area of the compact device to condense the hairiness. Then, the flame-retardant nylon filament is adjusted to the center position of the two rovings at the yarn delivery point through the core-spun yarn device installed above the front flat roller, and the required yarn is spun. The Siro spinning process can ensure that the core yarn is evenly distributed in the middle of the two rovings, ensure the covering effect, avoid the core exposure defect, the compact spinning process reduces the hairiness of the yarn, improves the surface cleanliness of the yarn, improves the yarn quality, the twist factor is controlled at 120, the twist direction is Z twist, and the yarn count is 48S.

[0093] (9) The twisting and doubling process controls the twist direction to S twist and the twist degree to 115 twists / 10cm. Two strands of the single core-spun yarn are twisted together to obtain the new thermochromic flame-retardant multifunctional yarn.

[0094] 2. Weaving

[0095] The fabric is woven using a newly spun thermochromic flame-retardant multifunctional yarn, combined with a high-speed air-jet loom or rapier loom. The weave is 1 / 1 plain weave, with a density of 400 warp ends / 10cm, 300 weft ends / 10cm, a width of 150cm, and a weight of 180±10g / m². 2 .

[0096] 3. Functional finishing, heat setting, and drying

[0097] Antifouling finishing is achieved by pad-adsorption method, wherein the finishing agent content is 5%, the pad-adsorption solution temperature is 40-60℃, the drying temperature is 110-130℃, the heat setting temperature is 160-180℃, the liquor ratio is 1:8-1:10, and the finishing line running speed is 15-25m / min.

[0098] When the ambient temperature is 40℃, the fabric will turn greenish, which serves as a warning. At the same time, the green color can also have a certain visual calming effect in hot environments.

[0099] Tests have shown that this new thermochromic, stain-resistant, flame-retardant, and multifunctional fabric meets or exceeds level 4 in terms of wash fastness, perspiration fastness, rubbing fastness, and sunlight fastness. Its breaking strength, tear strength, afterflame time, smoldering time, and damaged length all meet the requirements of Class A in GB8965.1-2020 "Flame-retardant Protective Clothing".

[0100]

[0101] Example 3

[0102] 1. Preparation of thermochromic fibers

[0103] The thermochromic microcapsule pigment is added at 3% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), with 1% of each of three pigment specifications: colored to colorless (color specification: black-colorless, temperature range 10℃), colored to colored (color specification: black to red, temperature range 10℃), and colorless to colored (color specification: red, temperature range 10℃) used to produce thermochromic fibers; the amount of flame retardant used is 30% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). After the spinning solution is ejected from the spinneret, it is drawn by multiple water flows at different flow rates to obtain 1.5D filaments, which can be shortened to obtain 51mm short fibers.

[0104] 2. Yarn preparation

[0105] (1) Raw material ratio determination: the blending component ratio is 30% aramid 1313, 5% aramid 1414, and 65% thermally discoloring flame-retardant fiber + 30D flame-retardant nylon filament.

[0106] (2) Blending raw material pretreatment process

[0107] Health treatment: after the blending raw material or colorant, the antistatic oil agent and water are prepared into a stable emulsion at a mass ratio of 1.5:100, and then uniformly sprayed on the raw material. After stacking for at least 24 h, processing is carried out again. Note that the moisture regain should be controlled within a reasonable range. Too low moisture regain will cause the raw material to be dry, and the fiber will be easily damaged during carding. Too high moisture regain will cause the raw material to easily wrap around the cylinder.

[0108] (3) Opening and cleaning

[0109] The cleaning process follows the process principle of "more combing, less beating, light beating, and low speed" to minimize damage to the fiber. At the same time, good anti-sticking measures are implemented. By reducing the cotton lap weight, reducing the lap length, and increasing the tight pressure of the roto, sticking of the lap can be effectively prevented. The beater speed of the grabber is 700 r / min, the carding machine needle beater speed is 500 r / min, the cotton lap roller speed is 11 r / min, the cotton lap design weight is 400 g / m, and the cotton lap length is 25 m.

[0110] (4) Carding

[0111] In the carding process, the process principle of "low speed, light weight, and large gauge" should be adopted. By reducing the cylinder speed and increasing the gauge, the influence of static electricity on the spinning process can be reduced. The sliver weight is controlled at 3 g / 10 m, the doffer speed is 23 r / min, the cylinder speed is 295 r / min, the licker-in speed is 730 r / min, and the cylinder flat gauge is 0.38 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.33 mm, and 0.38 mm.

[0112] (5) Drawing process

[0113] In the drawing process, the process principle of "low speed, large gauge, heavy pressure, light weight, and smooth drafting" should be adopted. Due to the difficulty in controlling the workshop temperature and humidity, the cotton sliver uniformity fluctuates greatly. Therefore, 3-drawing is generally used to reduce the unevenness of the cotton sliver, and the sliver weight is controlled at 6 g / 10 m.

[0114] Item One doubling Two doublings Three doublings Pitch (mm) 22*19*27 22*19*27 22*19*27 Speed (r / min) 2400-2800 2800-3000 2300-2600 Doublings 7 7 8

[0115] (6) Roving process

[0116] Process standard: the weight is controlled at 3 g / 10 m.

[0117] Twist factor Roller holding distance After-draft 50 70、40、78 1.1-1.2

[0118] (7) Spinning process

[0119] In order to reduce the yarn hairiness and improve the yarn strength, the Siro compact spinning and the core-spun composite process technology are adopted, that is, two rovings are fed into the drafting device of the spinning frame at the same time, and the two rovings are located in the converging area of the compact device to converge the hairiness. Then the flame-retardant nylon filament is spun into the required yarn through the core-spun yarn device, which adjusts the center position of the two rovings at the spinning strip through the guide wheel installed above the front skin roller. The Siro spinning process can ensure that the core yarn is evenly distributed in the middle of the two rovings, ensure the covering effect, avoid the core exposure defect, reduce the yarn hairiness, improve the yarn surface neatness, improve the yarn quality, and control the twist factor to 120, the twist direction to Z twist, and the yarn count to 36S.

[0120] (8) The doubling and twisting process controls the twist direction to S twist and the twist degree to 115 twists / 10 cm to double two strands of the single core-spun yarn to obtain the new type of thermochromic flame-retardant multifunctional yarn.

[0121] 2. Weaving

[0122] The spun new type of thermochromic flame-retardant multifunctional yarn is used to weave the fabric with the high-speed air-jet loom or the rapier loom, the weave is selected to be 2 / 1↗twill, the density is 400 warp yarns / 10 cm, the weft is 300 yarns / 10 cm, the width is 150 cm, and the weight is 240±10 g / m 2 .

[0123] 3. Functional finishing, heat setting and drying

[0124] The anti-stain finishing is completed by the dip adsorption method, the finishing agent content is 6%, the dip finishing liquid temperature is 40-60℃, the drying temperature is 110-130℃, the heat setting temperature is 160-180℃, the bath ratio is 1:8-1:10, and the finishing line running speed is 15-25 m / min.

[0125] The fabric color becomes dark red at a low temperature environment of 10℃ or below, which plays a certain warning role, and the red color also has a certain visual soothing effect in the cold environment.

[0126] The test of the new type of thermochromic anti-stain flame-retardant multifunctional fabric shows that the washing fastness, perspiration fastness, rubbing fastness and sunlight fastness all reach the standard of level 4 or above, the breaking strength, tearing strength, afterflame time, afterglow time and damage length all meet the A-level requirements of GB8965.1-2020 "Protective Clothing Flame Retardant Clothing" standard.

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] The above embodiments of the present application fully demonstrate the thermochromic anti-fouling and flame-retardant multifunctional fabric, the functional fibers used therein and the production and preparation method of the yarns. In practical applications, adjustments and optimizations can also be made according to different color needs, such as mixing a plurality of thermochromic fibers with different color change specifications or providing a thermochromic pigment with three or more different color change specifications in the same fiber. These equivalent changes and improvements based on the concept of the present application all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermochromic anti-soil, flame retardant, multi-functional fabric, characterized in that, The fabric is woven by core-spun yarns, wherein the core layer is flame-retardant filament with a denier of 20D-50D, the outer layer is blended fiber composed of 30%-60% intrinsic flame-retardant fiber and 70%-40% thermochromic flame-retardant fiber, and the intrinsic flame-retardant fiber is at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polysulfonamide, polyimide and polyaryl oxadiazole. The flame-retardant filament can be one of polyester, nylon and spandex. The outer layer is blended fiber composed of 30%-60% intrinsic flame-retardant fiber and 70%-40% thermochromic flame-retardant fiber. The intrinsic flame-retardant fiber is at least one of aramid 1313, aramid 1414, polysulfonamide, polyimide and polyaryl oxadiazole. The thermochromic flame-retardant fiber is made of polyacrylonitrile as a base, and thermochromic microcapsule pigment and flame retardant are introduced into the wet spinning dope. The fabric is treated by three-proofing finishing, and the finishing liquid contains 2wt%-6wt% of eco-friendly anti-fouling finishing agent (free of harmful substances such as organic halides, fluorocarbons, APEO, PFOA and PFOS). The fabric is plain or twill weave, warp density 400 ends / 10 cm, weft density 300 ends / 10 cm, weight 140-290 ± 10 g / m 2 ; The thermochromic microcapsule pigment is selected from one or more of color-to-colorless type, color-to-color type or colorless-to-color type.

2. The facing material of claim 1, wherein, The thermochromic pigment has a color change temperature range of -15℃-80℃.

3. The facing material of claim 1, wherein, The content of the thermochromic microcapsule pigment in the thermochromic flame-retardant fiber is 1%-10% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile, and the content of the flame retardant is 20%-40% of the mass of polyacrylonitrile.

4. The facing material of claim 1, wherein, The core-spun yarn is made by using the Siroclospinning and core-spun spinning technology, and has a yarn count of 36S-48S.

5. The facing material of claim 1, wherein, It has a visible color change under a set temperature condition, and is used to realize the temperature warning function of the working environment.

6. The facing material of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps:

7. A process for the preparation of thermochromic anti-soil, flame retardant, multifunctional fabric, characterized by, Preparation of thermochromic flame-retardant fiber: The thermochromic microcapsule pigment (1%-10%) and flame retardant (20%-40%) are added to the PAN dope, and the short fiber is made by using wet spinning after adding a dispersant; Preparation of core-spun yarn: The thermochromic flame-retardant fiber and intrinsic flame-retardant fiber are blended as the outer layer, and the flame-retardant filament is used as the core layer to make the core-spun yarn by using the Siroclospinning combined with the core-spun spinning technology; Weaving of fabric: Anti-fouling finishing treatment: The yarn is woven into a fabric with a warp density of 400 threads / 10 cm, a weft density of 300 threads / 10 cm, and a weight of 180-240 g / m 2 in a plain or twill manner. The fabric is treated by padding adsorption in a finishing liquid containing 2%-6% of anti-fouling finishing agent, the drying temperature is 110-130℃, and the heat setting temperature is 160-180℃. The thermochromic microcapsule pigment is at least one of color-to-colorless type, color-to-color type or colorless-to-color type.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The dispersant with a mass of 1%-2% of the mass of PAN is added to the spinning dope.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, The bath ratio of the finishing process is 1:8-1:10, and the finishing line speed is 15-25m / min.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, ​

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