A coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting process and plugging and grouting equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting process and a plugging and grouting equipment, and relates to the technical field of grouting equipment, comprising a drilling mechanism, a plurality of plugging mechanisms and a protection mechanism. In the application, the device is driven to rotate by an external mechanism, and then an electromagnet controls a clamping block to accurately control the rotation state of each gear. The rotating gear further drives the rotation of a rotating sleeve. Whether the mounting hole is coincident is judged by light and a photoresistor. According to the judgment, the device can fully combine the geological characteristics, accurately and accurately fill the slurry to the target area, effectively avoid the emergence of the reinforcement blind area, prevent the secondary drilling or slurry supplement operation due to abnormal geological conditions, greatly save the additional operation cost and time, and strictly control the grouting amount by accurate grouting, effectively prevent the over-grouting condition, greatly reduce the waste of slurry, and further reduce the construction cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of grouting equipment, in particular to a coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting process and plugging and grouting equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The grouting equipment is a mechanical equipment system for injecting grout into strata, rock-soil bodies or structural cracks to achieve the engineering goals of reinforcement, seepage prevention, leakage plugging, etc. The system ensures effective injection of grout under complex geological conditions through pressure regulation and flow control, and is widely used in rock reinforcement, foundation treatment, pollution leakage treatment and void filling in tunnel, mine, water conservancy, subway, building and other engineering scenes.

[0003] When implementing grouting operation on strata, the traditional method usually relies on fixed grouting holes preset at the bottom or wall of the grouting pipe for grout injection. This design makes the grouting position be pre-locked during the construction process and lacks flexibility of dynamic adjustment. However, the underground environment has high complexity, and key parameters such as stratum permeability and fissure development degree often change dynamically with the construction process. If the grouting position is always fixed and cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual working conditions, it will lead to various problems: the grouting liquid may deviate from the designed path due to geological abnormalities, resulting in insufficient filling of the target reinforcement area and problems such as insufficient structural bearing capacity or incomplete solution of leakage problems, or it may spread to non-target areas along high-permeability channels, causing material waste and cost increase. When facing sudden geological conditions, the construction party needs to interrupt the operation and redesign the grouting scheme, which will greatly prolong the construction period and increase the comprehensive cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment to solve the problem of easy occurrence of reinforcement blind area or excessive grouting due to the inability to adjust the grouting position in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment, comprising: a drilling mechanism, a plurality of plugging mechanisms and a protection mechanism.

[0006] The drilling mechanism comprises:

[0007] The grouting pipe, the rotating shaft and the sealing ring two, the top of the grouting pipe is provided with a through hole, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is movably inserted into the through hole, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of gears, the outer wall of the grouting pipe is provided with a plurality of installation holes one, the installation hole one facilitates the outflow of the cement slurry in the grouting pipe, the inner wall of the plurality of installation holes one is fixedly inserted with a plurality of fixing rings, the outer wall of the plurality of fixing rings is fixedly installed with a plurality of springs one on one side, the outer wall of the plurality of springs one is fixedly installed with a plurality of sealing rings two on one side, the outer wall of the plurality of sealing rings two is movably inserted into the installation hole one, so as to prevent the cement slurry from leaking during transportation.

[0008] The blocking mechanism comprises:

[0009] The rotating sleeve, the gear ring and a group of flow valves, the outer wall of the gear ring is fixedly inserted into the inside of the rotating sleeve, the inner wall of the gear ring is engaged with the outer wall of the gear, the outer wall of the rotating sleeve is provided with a group of installation holes two, the outer wall of a group of flow valves is fixedly inserted into the inside of the installation hole two, which is used for transporting the cement slurry to the external rock soil.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the grouting pipe is threadedly connected with a mounting seat, the inner wall of the mounting seat is fixedly installed with three mounting columns, the outer wall of the three mounting columns is movably sleeved with a tapered cutting edge, the outer wall of the grouting pipe is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of bottom plates, the top of the plurality of bottom plates is bonded with a sealing ring one, and the outer wall of the plurality of sealing rings two is fixedly installed with an iron core ring.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the plurality of iron core rings is movably inserted into the inside of the installation hole one, the top of the grouting pipe is provided with a rectangular hole, the inner wall of the rectangular hole is fixedly inserted with a light collecting ball and a plurality of light splitters, the inner wall of the rectangular hole is provided with a plurality of light emitting holes on one side, the outer wall of a plurality of rotating shafts is provided with a fixed groove one on one side, and the inner wall of the plurality of fixed grooves one is fixedly installed with a group of springs two and an electromagnet one on one side.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the plurality of springs two is fixedly installed with an iron core clamping block one between the outer walls, the outer wall of the plurality of iron core clamping blocks one is movably inserted into the inside of the fixed groove one, and the inner wall of the grouting pipe is provided with a plurality of fixed grooves two on one side.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the plurality of fixed grooves two is fixedly installed with an electromagnet two and a group of springs three on the top, the bottom of the plurality of springs three is fixedly installed with an iron core clamping block two between the bottoms, and the outer wall of the plurality of iron core clamping blocks two is movably inserted into the inside of the fixed groove two and the gear.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the drilling mechanism movably sheaths a plurality of sealing mechanisms, the outer wall of the grouting pipe movably sheaths a plurality of rotating sleeves, the inner wall of each of the plurality of rotating sleeves fixedly inserts a group of top plates, and the bottom of each of the plurality of groups of top plates is adhered with a sealing ring three.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of each of the plurality of groups of sealing rings three is in contact with the top of the sealing ring one, one side of the outer wall of each of the plurality of flow valves is fixedly installed with an electromagnet three, and the inner wall of each of the plurality of rotating sleeves is provided with a photoresistor.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the drilling mechanism is fixedly installed with a protection mechanism, the protection mechanism comprises a conical protective cover, the outer wall of the conical protective cover is fixedly installed with a plurality of guide strips, and the outer wall of the conical protective cover is provided with a plurality of feeding holes.

[0017] Preferably, the inner wall of the conical protective cover fixedly inserts a positioning ring, the top of the positioning ring is fixedly installed with a spring four, the top of the spring four is fixedly installed with a sealing plug, the outer wall of the sealing plug movably inserts in the conical protective cover, the inner wall of the conical protective cover fixedly inserts a base, and the top of the base is provided with a plurality of sensors.

[0018] A coal mine roadway goaf fissure sealing and grouting process, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step one: first, use high-precision measuring instruments to measure and determine the position, determine the specific position of the grouting hole, then design the layout of the exploration hole, and the exploration hole provides accurate basis for subsequent grouting hole arrangement and grouting parameter design, based on the exploration result, preset grouting holes on both sides of the fault fracture zone, form a vertical water stopping curtain, then the device starts drilling;

[0020] Step two: when the conical cutting edge at the bottom of the device is driven, drilling is performed by relying on circumferential motion and rotation, so that the grouting pipe is inserted into the fault fracture zone, a plurality of mounting holes one are uniformly arranged on the grouting pipe in the axial direction, and a plurality of freely rotating rotating sleeves are sleeved at different height positions, a mounting hole two corresponding to the mounting hole one is arranged on each rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve realizes accurate grouting at different depths and positions of the fault during the grouting process, after the grouting pipe is lowered into the hole, cement-silicate double-liquid slurry is used for hole sealing treatment, so as to ensure that the grouting pressure is effectively transmitted to the fault fracture zone and prevent the slurry from overflowing from the hole;

[0021] Step three: the grouting operation adopts the grouting sequence of "from outside to inside and from bottom to top", the grouting hole in the periphery of the fault fracture zone is grouted first to form a closed water-stopping curtain, and then the center area is gradually pushed forward, in the initial grouting stage of the grouting process, low pressure grouting test is carried out, the permeability of the fault fracture zone is evaluated by monitoring the water level change around the grouting hole and the slurry diffusion situation, at this time, the rotating sleeve is kept in the initial position, so that the installation hole one and the installation hole two are completely overlapped, and the slurry is smoothly injected, when it is found that the slurry diffuses too fast or too slow in a certain direction, the operator rotates the rotating sleeve on the grouting pipe through the driving system, so that the installation hole one and the installation hole two are partially overlapped, the grouting cross-sectional area in the direction is reduced, so that the slurry diffusion speed is controlled, and at the same time, combined with the requirement of "step-by-step pressure rise", the grouting pressure is gradually increased to ensure that the slurry fills the fault fissure sufficiently;

[0022] Step four: after the grouting is completed, the rotating sleeve is adjusted to the closed position at this time, so that the installation hole one and the installation hole two are completely overlapped, and the grouting is stopped, after the grouting is completed, the grouting quality is detected around the grouting hole through drilling sampling and geophysical prospecting method, after the detection is qualified, the grouting hole is closed by using cement slurry or chemical slurry to prevent slurry backflow and groundwater pollution.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0024] In the present application, the device drives the rotating shaft to rotate through an external mechanism, and then the electromagnet controls the clamping block to accurately control the rotation state of each gear, the rotating gear in turn drives the rotating sleeve to rotate, and the light and the photosensitive resistor judge whether the installation holes are overlapped, according to this judgment, the device can fully combine the geological characteristics to accurately fill the slurry to the target area, effectively avoid the emergence of the reinforcement blind area, prevent the secondary drilling or slurry supplement operation due to abnormal geological conditions, greatly save the additional operation cost and time, and the accurate grouting can also strictly control the grouting amount, effectively prevent the overgrouting, greatly reduce the waste of slurry, and further reduce the construction cost.

[0025] 2、In the present application, when the installation hole two and the installation hole one are overlapped and grouted, the electromagnet three attracts the iron core ring, so that the sealing ring two is accurately inserted into the two installation holes, the cement slurry is prevented from leaking from the gap, at the same time, a plurality of sealing rings one and sealing rings three on the grouting pipe are tightly attached to form multiple sealing lines, so as to reduce waste and cost, create good conditions for stable operation of the device, and also prevent external mud from polluting the slurry and ensure the grouting quality.

[0026] 3、The device bottom conical protective cover can block the broken soil and rock during drilling, avoid direct collision with the internal sensor, prevent the sensor from being damaged, meanwhile, the heat insulation material in the conical protective cover can effectively block the high temperature generated during drilling, reduce the damage of high temperature to the sensor, create a stable working environment for the sensor, a series of designs prolong the service life of the sensor, and ensure the continuous and stable detection work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the main body in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a split schematic view of the drilling mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a split view of the drilling mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a split view of the drilling mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0031] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment; Figure 4

[0032] Figure 6 It is a one-side structure schematic view of the plugging mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a perspective view of the plugging mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a perspective view of the protection mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment;

[0035] Figure 9 It is an internal structure schematic view of the protection mechanism in the coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment.

[0036] ​In the figure: 1, drilling mechanism; 101, grouting pipe; 102, mounting seat; 103, mounting column; 104, conical cutting edge; 105, bottom plate; 106, sealing ring I; 107, mounting hole I; 108, fixing ring; 109, spring I; 110, sealing ring II; 111, iron core ring; 112, through hole; 113, rectangular hole; 114, light collecting ball; 115, light splitter; 116, light emitting hole; 117, rotating shaft; 118, gear; 119, fixed groove I; 120, spring II; 121, electromagnet I; 122, iron core clamping block I; 123, fixed groove II; 124, electromagnet II; 125, spring III; 126, iron core clamping block II; 2, plugging mechanism; 201, rotating sleeve; 202, gear ring; 203, top plate; 204, sealing ring III; 205, mounting hole II; 206, flow valve; 207, electromagnet III; 208, photoresistor; 3, protection mechanism; 301, conical protective cover; 302, guide strip; 303, feeding hole; 304, positioning ring; 305, spring IV; 306, sealing plug; 307, base; 308, sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the present application provides a coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging and grouting equipment, which comprises a drilling mechanism 1, a plurality of plugging mechanisms 2 and a protection mechanism 3.

[0039] When the equipment is operating, first, the drilling mechanism 1 is adjusted to a vertical state to ensure that the conical cutting edge 104 at the bottom thereof can accurately and smoothly contact the ground to be operated, and then the drilling mechanism 1 is started to begin rotating and slowly descending, and the conical cutting edge 104 (such as Figure 2 ) continuously penetrates into the ground to gradually complete the drilling operation and form a hole meeting the design requirements. While the drilling mechanism 1 is performing the drilling operation, the sensor 308 (such as Figure 9 ) in the protection mechanism 3 detects the depth of the drilling mechanism 1 in the ground in real time.The sensor 308 can collect various information about the geology around the drilling hole in real time, including but not limited to the density, humidity, hardness of the soil, and whether there is a groundwater level and other important parameters. Through accurate analysis of these geological information, the sensor 308 can feed back detailed geological data to the user, so that the user has a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the geological conditions of the working area. When the drilling mechanism 1 successfully completes the drilling work, it enters the grouting preparation stage. At this time, the device starts to drive multiple protection mechanisms 3 to rotate. As the protection mechanism 3 rotates, when the protection mechanism 3 coincides with the cement slurry channel opened on the drilling mechanism 1, the condition for grouting is reached. At this time, only the cement slurry prepared outside is injected into the inside of the drilling mechanism 1 through a specific interface or channel, and the cement slurry will be smoothly injected into the corresponding height of the rock-soil through the channel. If the protection mechanism 3 does not coincide with the cement slurry channel opened on the drilling mechanism 1, the corresponding height of the rock-soil will not be injected with cement slurry.

[0040] In some examples, with reference to Figures 1-7 As shown in the figure, the drilling mechanism 1 comprises:

[0041] The grouting pipe 101, the rotating shaft 117 and the sealing ring two 110, the top of the grouting pipe 101 is provided with a through hole 112, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 117 is movably inserted into the inside of the through hole 112, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 117 is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of gear wheels 118, the outer wall of the grouting pipe 101 is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes one 107, the mounting holes one 107 facilitate the cement slurry inside the grouting pipe 101 to flow out, the inner walls of the plurality of groups of mounting holes one 107 are fixedly inserted with a plurality of fixed rings 108, one side of the outer walls of the plurality of fixed rings 108 is fixedly installed with a plurality of springs one 109, one side of the outer walls of the plurality of springs one 109 is fixedly installed with a plurality of sealing rings two 110, the outer walls of the plurality of sealing rings two 110 are movably inserted into the inside of the mounting holes one 107, so as to prevent the cement slurry from leaking during transportation;

[0042] The inner surface wall of the grouting pipe 101 is threadedly connected with a mounting seat 102, the inner surface wall of the mounting seat 102 is fixedly installed with three mounting columns 103, the outer surface wall of each of the three mounting columns 103 is movably sleeved with a conical cutting edge 104, the outer surface wall of the grouting pipe 101 is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of bottom plates 105, the top of each of the plurality of bottom plates 105 is bonded with a sealing ring one 106, the outer surface wall of each of a plurality of sealing ring twos 110 is fixedly installed with an iron core ring 111, the outer surface wall of each of the plurality of iron core rings 111 is movably inserted into the inside of a mounting hole one 107, the top of the grouting pipe 101 is provided with a rectangular hole 113, the inner surface wall of the rectangular hole 113 is fixedly inserted with a light collecting ball 114 and a plurality of light splitters 115, a plurality of light emitting holes 116 are formed on one side of the inner wall of the rectangular hole 113, the outer surface wall of each of a plurality of rotating shafts 117 is provided with a fixed groove one 119, a group of spring twos 120 and an electromagnet one 121 are fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of each of the plurality of fixed grooves one 119, an iron core clamping block one 122 is fixedly installed between the outer surface walls of a plurality of spring twos 120, the outer surface wall of each of the plurality of iron core clamping blocks one 122 is movably inserted into the inside of the fixed groove one 119, a plurality of fixed grooves two 123 are formed on one side of the inner wall of the grouting pipe 101, an electromagnet two 124 and a group of spring threes 125 are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of each of the plurality of fixed grooves two 123, an iron core clamping block two 126 is fixedly installed between the bottoms of a plurality of spring threes 125, the outer surface wall of each of the plurality of iron core clamping blocks two 126 is movably inserted into the inside of the fixed groove two 123 and the gear 118;

[0043] The plugging mechanism 2 comprises:

[0044] A rotating sleeve 201, a gear ring 202 and a group of flow valves 206, the outer surface wall of the gear ring 202 is fixedly inserted into the inside of the rotating sleeve 201, the inner surface wall of the gear ring 202 is meshingly connected with the outer surface wall of the gear 118, the outer surface wall of the rotating sleeve 201 is provided with a group of mounting holes two 205, the outer surface wall of each of the group of flow valves 206 is fixedly inserted into the inside of the mounting hole two 205, for conveying the cement slurry to the external rock soil;

[0045] The outer surface wall of the drilling mechanism 1 is movably sleeved with a plurality of plugging mechanisms 2, the outer surface wall of the grouting pipe 101 is movably sleeved with a plurality of rotating sleeves 201, the inner surface wall of each of the plurality of rotating sleeves 201 is fixedly inserted with a group of top plates 203, the bottom of each of the plurality of groups of top plates 203 is bonded with a sealing ring three 204, the bottom of each of the plurality of groups of sealing ring threes 204 is in contact with the top of the sealing ring one 106, the outer wall of each of the plurality of flow valves 206 is fixedly installed with an electromagnet three 207, the inner surface wall of each of the plurality of rotating sleeves 201 is provided with a photoresistor 208.

[0046] The device is first moved to the predetermined drilling position when the device is in operation, and the device is ensured to be placed stably, at this time the three tapered cutting edges 104 at the bottom of the grouting pipe 101 are in close contact with the ground, which can effectively cut into the soil or rock layer when contacting the ground, then the driving system of the device is started, and the grouting pipe 101 begins to rotate and descend, in the process of rotating and descending, the three tapered cutting edges 104 move synchronously, which not only cuts into the ground in the vertical direction, but also rotates on the surface of the mounting column 103 respectively, fully exerting the cutting ability of the tapered cutting edges 104, and better breaking and removing obstacles in the drilling process through rotation, making the drilling more smooth and efficient, as the grouting pipe 101 continuously rotates and descends, it gradually inserts into the hole completely, and the drilling work is completed, when the grouting pipe 101 is inserted into the hole completely, the grouting work is started, at this time the rotating shaft 117 is rotated in the through hole 112 with the help of the external driving mechanism, the rotating shaft 117 has different control modes for the corresponding gear 118 on the outer surface wall, if the corresponding gear 118 needs to rotate, at this time the electromagnet one 121 is de-energized, loses the magnetic force, and the spring two 120 begins to stretch, generating a forward thrust to push the iron core block one 122 forward to extend the rotating shaft 117, as the iron core block one 122 moves, it will accurately insert into the corresponding gear 118 inside, connecting the rotating shaft 117 and the gear 118 together to make them move synchronously, at the same time the electromagnet two 124 starts to generate a magnetic force, which will attract the iron core block two 126 at the bottom, which will start to rise under the action of the magnetic force, compressing the spring three 125 and pulling out from the inside of the gear 118, in the process of the iron core block one 122 advancing, it will also contact the inclined surface of the iron core block two 126, further pushing the iron core block two 126 to rise with the magnetic force of the electromagnet two 124, ensuring that the gear 118 at the corresponding position rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 117, if the gear 118 needs to remain stationary, at this time the connection of the two electromagnets remains unchanged, the rotating shaft 117 and the gear 118 are in a separated state, and the position of the gear 118 is fixed by the fixing device, so that the gear 118 will not be affected and rotated with the rotating shaft 117, through this flexible control mode, the rotation state of each gear 118 can be accurately controlled according to the actual grouting demand, since the gear 118 is engaged with the gear ring 202, when the gear 118 rotates, it will drive the gear ring 202 to rotate synchronously through the transmission between the teeth, and the rotating sleeve 201 on the outer surface wall of the gear ring 202 will also start to rotate synchronously, in the process of device operation, the light collecting ball 114 can collect external light and transmit it to the rectangular hole 113, when the vertically descending light contacts the beam splitter 115 (the beam splitter 115 is a passive optical device, its core function is to divide one input light signal into multiple output light signals according to the preset ratio, or inversely combine multiple light signals into one, realizing the distribution of optical power),According to the refraction and reflection principle of light, most of the light will continue to fall through the light splitter 115, while a small part of the light will change direction, horizontally from the inside of the light hole 116, and irradiate on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 201. The position of the light is fixed with the grouting pipe 101, while part of the rotating sleeve 201 is constantly rotating. When the photoresistor 208 on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 201 moves to the light irradiation area, the resistance value of the photoresistor 208 will change, thereby causing the internal circuit to be connected. In this way, it can be judged whether the group of mounting holes two 205 opened on the rotating sleeve 201 and the group of mounting holes one 107 corresponding to the height of the grouting pipe 101 coincide. When it is judged that the mounting holes two 205 coincide with the mounting holes one 107, the two electromagnets cooperate with each other, the position of the fixed gear 118 is ensured, and the position of the rotating sleeve 201 will not change. At this time, the electromagnet three 207 installed on the flow valve 206 is energized and generates a magnetic force. When the mounting holes two 205 coincide with the mounting holes one 107, the electromagnet three 207 will attract the iron core ring 111 through the magnetic force. At this time, the iron core ring 111 will drive the sealing ring two 110 to stretch the spring one 109 to move synchronously, so that the sealing ring two 110 is accurately inserted into the two mounting holes, avoiding the leakage of cement slurry from the gap between the two mounting holes during transportation. When the cement slurry comes to the input end of the flow valve 206 through the mounting holes two 205, the flow valve 206 will open the channel size according to the preset requirement or the actual situation of the bottom of the ground. By accurately controlling the opening degree of the channel, the flow rate and flow of the cement slurry at the corresponding position are controlled, ensuring that the grouting process is more stable and uniform. At the same time, the multiple sealing rings one 106 and sealing rings three 204 on the grouting pipe 101 are tightly attached to form multiple sealing lines, further preventing the leakage of cement slurry from other positions, and avoiding the intrusion of external mud into the inside of the device, effectively improving the sealing performance of the device. Not only can it avoid the waste caused by the leakage of cement slurry and reduce the construction cost, but also can prevent the external mud from polluting the cement slurry and ensure the grouting quality. For the rotating sleeve 201 connected with the stationary gear 118, it will remain in a fixed state at this time. The cement slurry transported in the mounting holes one 107 will be blocked by the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 201 and cannot flow out. By adjusting the position of the rotating sleeve 201 at different heights, the height of grouting can be accurately controlled. The device can accurately fill the slurry to the target area according to the geological characteristics, avoid the blind area or excessive grouting caused by abnormal geology, avoid the secondary drilling or grouting operation caused by position deviation or sudden geological conditions, effectively reduce the construction cost and time, improve the construction efficiency and quality, and provide reliable protection for engineering construction.

[0047] In some examples, reference is made to Figures 8-9As shown, the bottom of the drilling mechanism 1 is fixedly installed with a protection mechanism 3, which comprises a conical protective cover 301, the outer wall of which is fixedly installed with a plurality of guide strips 302, the outer wall of which is provided with a plurality of feeding holes 303, the inner wall of which is fixedly inserted with a positioning ring 304, the top of which is fixedly installed with a spring four 305, the top of which is fixedly installed with a sealing plug 306, the outer wall of which is movably inserted in the interior of the conical protective cover 301, the inner wall of which is fixedly inserted with a base 307, the top of which is provided with a plurality of sensors 308.

[0048] When the device starts drilling, first, the driving system of the device starts to work, driving the whole drilling part to advance to the ground, as the drill bit penetrates deeper, the conical protective cover 301 at the bottom of the device will contact the stratum, the conical protective cover 301 is made of special high-strength material, during drilling, due to the rotation and impact of the drill bit, the surrounding soil and rock will be broken, at this time the conical protective cover 301 blocks these broken soil and rock outside, effectively avoiding their direct contact with the sensor 308 installed inside, thereby preventing the sensor 308 from being damaged due to the collision of external objects, then, under the action of the strong impact force generated by drilling, and with the guiding action of the guide strip 302 carefully designed on the inner wall of the conical protective cover 301, the broken soil and rock will move along a specific path and smoothly pass through the feed hole 303 arranged on the conical protective cover 301, when the soil and rock pass through the feed hole 303 and enter the conical protective cover 301, they will meet the sealing plug 306 arranged inside, as the soil and rock continuously flow in, an upward pushing force will be generated on the sealing plug 306, under the action of the pushing force, the sealing plug 306 starts to move upwards and simultaneously presses the spring four 305 installed beside, facilitating the soil and rock to enter and fully contact with the sensor 308 installed inside, the multiple sensors 308 include humidity sensors, composition detection related sensors (such as gamma sensors or resistivity sensors), vibration sensors and various sensors, which comprehensively detect and analyze the soil and rock entering the conical protective cover 301, by detecting the composition, humidity and other parameters of the soil and rock, the operator can fully understand the geological conditions of the ground, providing an important reference for subsequent construction, when the sensor 308 completes the detection of the soil and rock, the detected soil and rock need to be discharged from the device in a certain way to ensure that the device can work normally, during drilling, due to the high-speed friction between the drill bit and the stratum, a large amount of heat will be generated, which will increase the temperature of the surrounding environment, the conical protective cover 301 is provided with heat insulation material inside, which can effectively block the transmission of high temperature and reduce the damage of high temperature to the sensor 308, thereby providing a relatively stable working environment for the sensor 308, through the conical protective cover 301 and a series of designs inside, the sensor 308 is effectively protected from damage due to high temperature or collision, thereby prolonging the service life of the sensor 308.

[0049] The wiring diagram of the electromagnet 121, the electromagnet 124, the flow valve 206, the photoresistor 208 and the sensor 308 in the application belongs to the common knowledge in the field, and the working principle is a known technology, and the model is selected according to actual use, so the control mode and wiring arrangement of the electromagnet 121, the electromagnet 124, the flow valve 206, the photoresistor 208 and the sensor 308 will not be explained in detail.

[0050] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalent features, by those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a drilling mechanism (1), a plurality of sealing mechanisms (2) and a protection mechanism (3). The drilling mechanism (1) comprises a grouting pipe (101), a rotating shaft (117) and a sealing ring II (110), the top of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a through hole (112), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (117) is movably inserted into the through hole (112), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (117) is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of gear wheels (118), the outer wall of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes I (107), the mounting holes I (107) facilitate the outflow of cement slurry in the grouting pipe (101), the inner walls of the mounting holes I (107) are fixedly inserted with a plurality of groups of fixing rings (108), the outer walls of the fixing rings (108) are fixedly installed with a plurality of groups of springs I (109) on one side, the outer walls of the springs I (109) are fixedly installed with a plurality of groups of sealing ring II (110) on one side, the outer walls of the sealing ring II (110) are movably inserted into the mounting holes I (107), and cement slurry leakage during transportation is prevented. The sealing mechanism (2) comprises a rotating sleeve (201), a gear ring (202) and a group of flow valves (206), the outer wall of the gear ring (202) is fixedly inserted into the rotating sleeve (201), the inner wall of the gear ring (202) is meshed with the outer wall of the gear wheel (118), the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (201) is provided with a group of mounting holes II (205), and the outer walls of the group of flow valves (206) are fixedly inserted into the mounting holes II (205), so that the cement slurry is transported to the external rock soil. The inner wall of the grouting pipe (101) is threadedly connected with a mounting seat (102), the inner wall of the mounting seat (102) is fixedly installed with three mounting columns (103), the outer walls of the three mounting columns (103) are movably sleeved with conical cutting edges (104), the outer wall of the grouting pipe (101) is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of groups of bottom plates (105), the top of each group of the bottom plates (105) is bonded with a sealing ring I (106), and the outer walls of a plurality of groups of the sealing ring II (110) are fixedly installed with iron core rings (111). The outer walls of a plurality of groups of the iron core rings (111) are movably inserted into the mounting holes I (107), the top of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a rectangular hole (113), the inner wall of the rectangular hole (113) is fixedly inserted with a light collecting ball (114) and a plurality of light splitters (115), the inner wall of the rectangular hole (113) is provided with a plurality of light emitting holes (116) on one side, the outer walls of a plurality of the rotating shafts (117) are provided with a plurality of fixed grooves I (119), and the inner walls of a plurality of the fixed grooves I (119) are fixedly installed with a group of springs II (120) and an electromagnet I (121) on one side. ​ 2. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of a plurality of spring two (120) is fixedly installed with a core clamping block one (122), the outer wall of a plurality of core clamping block one (122) is movably inserted in the inside of fixed groove one (119), the inner wall of the grouting pipe (101) is provided with a plurality of fixed grooves two (123).

5. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall top of a plurality of fixed grooves two (123) is fixedly installed with an electromagnet two (124) and a group of spring three (125), the bottom of a plurality of spring three (125) is fixedly installed with a core clamping block two (126), the outer wall of a plurality of core clamping block two (126) is movably inserted in the inside of fixed groove two (123) and gear (118).

6. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the drilling mechanism (1) movably sheaths a plurality of blocking mechanisms (2), the outer wall of the grouting pipe (101) movably sheaths a plurality of rotating sleeves (201), the inner wall of a plurality of rotating sleeves (201) is fixedly inserted with a group of top plates (203), the bottom of a plurality of top plates (203) is adhered with a sealing ring three (204).

7. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of a plurality of sealing ring three (204) is in contact with the top of sealing ring one (106), the outer wall of a plurality of flow valves (206) is fixedly installed with an electromagnet three (207), the inner wall of a plurality of rotating sleeves (201) is provided with a photosensitive resistor (208).

8. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the drilling mechanism (1) is fixedly installed with a protection mechanism (3), the protection mechanism (3) includes a conical protective cover (301), the outer wall of the conical protective cover (301) is fixedly installed with a plurality of guide strips (302), the outer wall of the conical protective cover (301) is provided with a plurality of feeding holes (303).

9. The coal mine roadway goaf fracture plugging and grouting equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the conical protective cover (301) is fixedly inserted with a positioning ring (304), the top of the positioning ring (304) is fixedly installed with a spring four (305), the top of the spring four (305) is fixedly installed with a sealing plug (306), the outer wall of the sealing plug (306) is movably inserted in the inside of the conical protective cover (301), the inner wall of the conical protective cover (301) is fixedly inserted with a base (307), the top of the base (307) is provided with a plurality of sensors (308).

10. A coal mine roadway goaf fissure plugging grouting process, characterized in that, A coal mine roadway goaf fissure sealing and grouting device according to any one of claims 1-9 is used, comprising the following steps: S1: first, use high-precision measuring instruments to measure and determine the specific position of the grouting hole, then design the layout of the exploration hole, which provides accurate basis for subsequent grouting hole arrangement and grouting parameter design, based on the exploration results, preset grouting holes on both sides of the fault fracture zone, form a vertical water stopping curtain, then the device starts drilling; S2: The conical cutting edge (104) at the bottom of the device is driven to drill a hole by circumferential motion and rotation, so that the grouting pipe (101) is inserted into the fault fracture zone. A plurality of mounting holes one (107) are uniformly arranged on the grouting pipe (101) in the axial direction, and a freely rotatable rotating sleeve (201) is sleeved at different height positions. A mounting hole two (205) corresponding to the mounting hole one (107) is arranged on each rotating sleeve (201). The rotating sleeve (201) realizes accurate grouting at different depths and positions of the fault during the grouting process. After the grouting pipe (101) is lowered into the hole, cement-silicate double liquid slurry is used for hole sealing treatment, which ensures that the grouting pressure is effectively transmitted to the fault fracture zone and prevents slurry from overflowing from the hole; S3: The grouting operation adopts the grouting sequence of "from outside to inside and from bottom to top". During construction, the fault fracture zone is first grouted from the outside, forming a closed water-stopping curtain, and then gradually advancing to the central area. During the grouting process, low-pressure grouting test is carried out in the initial grouting stage. The permeability of the fault fracture zone is evaluated by monitoring the water level change and slurry diffusion around the grouting hole. At this time, the rotating sleeve (201) remains in the initial position, so that the mounting hole one (107) and the mounting hole two (205) are completely overlapped, ensuring smooth injection of slurry. When it is found that the slurry spreads too fast or too slow in a certain direction, the operator rotates the rotating sleeve (201) on the grouting pipe (101) through the driving system, so that the mounting hole one (107) and the mounting hole two (205) are partially misaligned, reducing the grouting cross-sectional area in that direction, thereby controlling the slurry diffusion speed. At the same time, combined with the requirement of "step-by-step pressure rise", the grouting pressure is gradually increased to ensure that the slurry fills the fault fracture; S4: After grouting, the rotating sleeve (201) is adjusted to the closed position, so that the mounting hole one (107) and the mounting hole two (205) are completely misaligned, and the grouting is stopped. After the grouting is completed, the grouting quality is detected by drilling and sampling and geophysical prospecting methods around the grouting hole. After the detection is qualified, the grouting hole is sealed with cement slurry or chemical slurry to prevent slurry backflow and groundwater pollution.

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