Gas turbine combined cycle cooling, heating, power and hydrogen combined supply system coupling high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage and operation control method of gas turbine combined cycle cooling, heating, power and hydrogen combined supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas turbine combined cycle cooling, heating, power and hydrogen combined supply system coupling high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage and an operation control method thereof, the system is composed of a power plant inner side subsystem and an outer side subsystem, the power plant inner side subsystem comprises a gas turbine combined cycle unit, a high-temperature heat storage unit and a steam collector, the split-flow heat storage of high-temperature exhaust smoke heat and the flexible allocation of high-temperature steam are realized; the system comprises a hydrogen production unit and a heat and cold supply pipe network, and is combined with a steam turbine, an absorption refrigeration device, a mechanical refrigeration device and a phase change cold storage device, so that efficient supply and gradient utilization in a multi-energy form are realized. The operation control method provided by the invention comprises the steps of parameter acquisition and demand prediction, steam distribution regulation and control, heat storage and heat release management, hydrogen production load regulation and waste heat coupling utilization, cold and heat energy regulation, cold storage balance and the like, and is assisted by layered optimization control of an energy management platform; and multi-energy cooperative supply and flexible peak regulation of electric power, heat energy, cold energy and hydrogen energy can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of gas turbine combined cycle cogeneration, and relates to energy cascade utilization and multi-energy complementary control of a gas turbine combined cycle, in particular to a gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system coupled with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage and an operation control method thereof, which is used to improve the peak shaving flexibility, comprehensive energy efficiency and multi-energy collaborative supply capacity of a gas power plant. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for clean energy and low-carbon development, power plants are under pressure to upgrade energy structure, improve energy efficiency and utilize energy efficiently. In order to achieve sustainable development, power plants need to adopt low-carbon technical solutions to reduce carbon emission intensity and improve energy utilization efficiency. At present, cogeneration units for industrial heat supply have limited market development due to single industrial users, and the amount of industrial steam available to the outside is greatly constrained, thereby limiting the development of industrial heat supply type heat and power units and the improvement of energy efficiency of heat and power units.

[0003] In recent years, cold, heat and electricity tri-generation systems have attracted more and more attention due to the prominent energy problem. On the one hand, the energy cascade utilization of the cold, heat and electricity tri-generation system has high energy utilization efficiency; on the other hand, the tri-generation system using natural gas can effectively reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN205638705U discloses a cold, heat and electricity tri-generation system using LNG for ice making and natural gas as fuel. However, the high price of natural gas fuel has caused certain constraints on the development of cold, heat and electricity tri-generation systems based on natural gas as primary energy.

[0004] In terms of operating conditions, gas turbine combined cycle units are prone to output decline in high-temperature environments in summer. Research shows that for every 1℃ increase in ambient temperature, the output power of the gas turbine decreases by an average of about 0.6%, and the efficiency decreases by about 0.18%. This phenomenon not only leads to insufficient power generation capacity of the unit, but also affects steam production, thereby reducing the stability of downstream heat and cold supply. At the same time, due to the limitation of cold delivery radius and cold storage capacity, centralized cold supply systems often cannot meet the demand for simultaneous cold supply of remote, multi-regional and multi-user. The power density of traditional cold storage devices is limited, and the cold release rate is insufficient, which further restricts the balance and adjustment of large-scale user-side load.

[0005] In terms of energy utilization, the existing CCHP system generally has the limitation of "single input and single output", that is, it mainly revolves around the path of natural gas combustion → power output → residual heat supply. This mode has certain effectiveness in improving primary energy utilization rate, but lacks effective coupling in multi-energy complementation and renewable energy collaborative utilization. With the rapid increase in the proportion of new energy, the demand for flexible adjustment resources of the power grid has increased significantly, and the traditional combined cooling heating and power (CCHP) unit lacks flexibility and responds slowly, which is difficult to adapt to the dispatching requirements of the future multi-energy system. In addition, the existing technology still has deficiencies in energy management and dispatching. Most CCHP systems fail to fully introduce advanced demand response mechanisms and multi-energy flow dispatching strategies, and lack a unified optimization platform for overall coordination of electricity, heat, cold and other multiple energies. This leads to the fact that the system often aims to meet the demand of a single energy form during operation, ignoring the coupling relationship and mutual restriction between different energy forms, resulting in a decrease in overall efficiency and economic inefficiency.

[0006] In summary, the existing CCHP system generally has the problems of high dependence on natural gas, limited unit peak shaving capacity, decreased output in summer high temperature working conditions, insufficient centralized cooling supply and transport radius, and lack of multi-energy complementation and dispatching mechanism. Therefore, how to improve the comprehensive energy efficiency, peak shaving flexibility and multi-energy collaborative supply capacity of the unit while ensuring stable steam supply is a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0007] (I) Invention purposes In view of the above defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a gas turbine combined cycle combined cooling heating and power and hydrogen supply system coupled with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage and an operation control method thereof. Based on the energy utilization idea of "temperature matching and cascade utilization", a high-temperature heat storage and deep peak shaving technical route is proposed at the source side of the power plant gas turbine combined cycle to ensure stable steam supply and improve the power plant output capacity. At the same time, the traditional single input / single output production mode and direct combustion utilization mode are changed. At the energy utilization side, a centralized heating (cooling) and methanol steam reforming hydrogen production technology implementation route is proposed to complete hydrogen production and meet the downstream cooling demand, and to build a multi-energy collaborative path of electricity, hydrogen, heat and cold. In addition, a phase change cold storage unit and a centralized cooling pipe network are configured at the energy utilization side to improve the power and long-distance transport capacity of cold energy storage and release. And relying on the multi-energy flow dispatching and demand response module, dynamic optimization and distribution between power grid load regulation and multi-energy supply are realized. Thus, the unit flexibility is enhanced, the comprehensive energy efficiency is improved, and the multi-energy complementary energy supply goal is achieved while ensuring stable steam supply.

[0008] (II) Technical solutions To achieve the purposes of the present application and solve the technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: The first inventive objective of the present application is to provide a gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system coupling high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage, which is used for realizing multi-energy collaborative supply and step energy utilization of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen and flexible peak shaving by taking the generated steam as the main energy carrier in the scene of a gas turbine combined cycle power plant, and at least comprises: An inside power plant subsystem at least comprising a gas turbine combined cycle unit, a high-temperature heat storage unit and a steam collector distributor, the gas turbine combined cycle unit being provided with a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine, wherein a high-temperature exhaust flue gas pipeline of the gas turbine is provided with a shunt adjusting valve group, a main stream of the exhaust flue gas is discharged into the waste heat boiler, and part of the exhaust flue gas is shunted to the high-temperature heat storage unit according to peak shaving demand, the steam turbine provides extractable high-temperature and high-pressure steam through a main steam external supply interface thereof while generating electricity and the steam is discharged into the steam collector distributor located downstream of the steam turbine; the high-temperature heat storage unit is provided with a heat storage tank and a steam generator, the heat storage tank absorbs heat of the shunted exhaust flue gas through a heat exchange device to perform high-temperature heat storage, and the flue gas returns to a flue gas side of the waste heat boiler after releasing heat, the steam generator generates high-temperature steam by using heat storage when load fluctuates and the steam is delivered to the steam collector distributor located downstream of the steam generator; an inlet end of the steam collector distributor is communicated with the main steam external supply interface of the steam turbine and the steam generator, an outlet end of the steam collector distributor is formed into an external steam supply interface and is provided with a steam distribution and metering unit, and the external steam supply interface is used for distributing the external steam supply to each energy using unit outside the power plant according to demand; An outside power plant subsystem at least comprising a hydrogen production unit and a heat supply and cold supply pipe network, wherein a steam inlet of the hydrogen production unit is communicated with the steam distribution and metering unit, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is distributed and used for performing methanol steam thermal chemical reforming to produce hydrogen, a hydrogen production side is communicated with a hydrogen storage and distribution or refueling end, and the heat supply and cold supply pipe network is integrated with a steam turbine, an absorption type refrigeration device, a refrigeration unit and a phase change cold storage device, an inlet end of the steam turbine is simultaneously communicated with a medium and low temperature steam outlet of the steam distribution and metering unit and the hydrogen production unit in a switchable manner, an exhaust end of the steam turbine is communicated with a high-pressure generator of the absorption type refrigeration device, and the steam turbine is drivingly connected to drive the refrigeration unit, an exhaust side of the high-pressure generator provides heat for a heat user end through a heat exchange device, and backwater generated is delivered to the power plant, a chilled water outlet of an evaporator in the absorption type refrigeration device is communicated with the phase change cold storage device downstream, and a refrigeration unit provided is arranged to improve a cold storage power density, a chilled water pipeline downstream of the phase change cold storage device is communicated with a cold user end, and low-temperature backwater generated is delivered to the evaporator.

[0009] The second inventive objective of the present application is to provide an operation control method of the above-mentioned gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system, which at least comprises the following control steps when implemented: SS1. Parameter acquisition and demand prediction: real-time acquisition of operation data of each component inside the power plant and load parameters of each component outside the power plant, combination of power grid dispatching signals and user heat, cold and hydrogen load demand, and formation of multi-energy demand prediction; SS2. Steam distribution and flow regulation: Based on the demand prediction results and the temperature matching and cascade utilization principle, the output of the combined cycle unit, the storage and release power of the high-temperature thermal storage unit, and the distribution ratio of the steam collection distributor are determined, and the dynamic distribution of external steam supply is realized through the steam distribution and metering unit; SS3. Heat storage and heat release process control: When the power grid is in low load or there is excess power, control the shunt regulating valve to introduce part of the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine into the high-temperature thermal storage unit for heat storage; when the power grid is in peak load or the demand for cold, heat, and hydrogen increases, start the steam generator in the thermal storage unit to release stored energy and generate high-temperature steam to compensate for the steam collection distributor, so as to realize the decoupling of power supply and steam supply and flexible peak shaving; SS4. Hydrogen production and by-product steam coupled utilization: According to the power grid peak shaving demand and hydrogen demand, dynamically adjust the operating load of the hydrogen production unit, control the methanol feed quantity, steam supply quantity, and reaction temperature to realize flexible adjustment of hydrogen production power, and the rapid adjustment of hydrogen production load provides auxiliary frequency modulation for the power grid, while the medium and low temperature steam generated in the hydrogen production process is recovered and sent to the steam turbine in the heat supply and cold supply pipe network as driving steam, realizing energy cascade utilization; SS5. Heat supply, cold supply, and cold storage regulation: According to the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the user-side cold and heat load, and by real-time monitoring of the temperature and flow of hot water pipes, cold water pipes, and return water, the operating conditions of the absorption refrigeration device and the refrigeration unit are dynamically controlled to realize linkage with the phase change cold storage device, the absorption refrigeration device provides stable cold capacity under base load conditions, the refrigeration unit is started in deep cooling mode under peak load conditions to improve the cold capacity and cold storage density, and the supply and return water temperature and flow of the heat supply and cold supply pipe network are adjusted to realize time shift regulation and peak valley balance of heat and cold energy.

[0010] (Three) Technical effects Compared with the prior art, the coupled high-temperature thermal storage and phase change cold storage gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity, and hydrogen cogeneration system and its operation control method have the following beneficial and significant technical effects: (1) The present application realizes the decoupling operation of power peak shaving and multi-energy stable supply by constructing a coupling mechanism of gas turbine high-temperature thermal storage and steam cascade utilization. The system uses the waste heat of the gas turbine exhaust gas for high-temperature thermal storage, independently generates high-temperature steam through the thermal storage unit during the power grid peak shaving period, ensures the continuous and stable operation of the hydrogen production, heat supply, and cold supply units, and the gas turbine can be deeply peak shaved within its rated power range, significantly improving the peak shaving flexibility and power grid adaptability of the power plant, and providing an effective adjustment means for large-scale renewable energy grid connection.

[0011] (2) The application constructs a three-stage cascade utilization path of steam heat energy, and realizes full utilization of energy quality at each stage. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam is first used for methanol steam reforming to produce hydrogen, the medium and low-temperature steam (150-200 DEG C) after hydrogen production drives a steam turbine to generate electricity, and the turbine exhaust further drives an absorption refrigeration device to produce cold, forming a complete energy conversion chain of hydrogen production-power generation-refrigeration, which significantly improves the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the system and improves the utilization efficiency of primary energy and the economy of the system.

[0012] (3) The application realizes the spatio-temporal collaborative optimization and configuration of the four energy varieties of cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen by integrating phase change cold storage technology and intelligent multi-energy flow scheduling. The phase change cold storage device stores cold during the load valley period and releases it during the peak period, effectively smoothing the cold load fluctuation; and the energy management control platform integrates deep peak shaving, demand response and multi-energy flow scheduling functions, and can realize global optimization and real-time regulation across systems under the conditions of multi-source input and multi-load demand, thereby significantly improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system, the grid regulation capacity and the continuity and reliability of multi-energy supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine combined cycle cold heat electricity hydrogen cogeneration system coupled with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen production unit according to the application; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a gas turbine combined cycle cold heat electricity hydrogen cogeneration system operation control method according to an embodiment of the application.

[0014] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1-gas turbine, 2-waste heat boiler, 3-steam turbine, 4-split flow regulating valve group, 5-high-temperature heat storage unit, 51-heat storage tank, 52-steam generator, 6-steam collection distributor, 7-hydrogen production unit, 71-methanol preheater, 72-methanol vaporizer, 73-reforming reactor, 74-gas-liquid separator, 75-purification unit, 76-distribution valve group, 8-heating and cooling pipe network, 9-steam turbine, 10-absorption refrigeration device, 11-refrigeration unit, 12-phase change cold storage device, 13-switching valve, 14-high-pressure generator, 15-evaporator, 16-heat exchange device, 17-inlet gas cooling module, 18-three-way switching valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present application aims to provide a gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system coupled with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage and an operation control method thereof. Based on the energy utilization idea of "temperature matching and gradient utilization", the system is used for realizing multi-energy collaborative supply and gradient energy utilization of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen and flexible peak regulation by taking the generated steam as the main energy carrier in the scenario of a gas turbine combined cycle power plant. In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments, and the described embodiments are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0016] Embodiment 1: Gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system As shown in Figure 1 As a specific example, the gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system coupled with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage of the present application is used for realizing multi-energy collaborative supply and gradient energy utilization of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen and flexible peak regulation by taking the generated steam as the main energy carrier in the scenario of a gas turbine combined cycle power plant, comprising: The inside subsystem of the power plant comprises a gas turbine combined cycle unit, a high-temperature heat storage unit and a steam collector distributor. The gas turbine combined cycle unit is provided with a gas turbine 1, a waste heat boiler 2 and a steam turbine 3. A high-temperature exhaust flue gas pipeline of the gas turbine 1 is provided with a shunt regulating valve group 4. The main stream exhaust flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler 2. Part of the exhaust flue gas is shunted to the high-temperature heat storage unit 5 according to the peak regulation demand. The steam turbine 3 provides extractable high-temperature and high-pressure steam through its main steam external supply interface and introduces the steam into the downstream steam collector distributor 6 while generating electricity. The high-temperature heat storage unit 5 is provided with a heat storage tank 51 and a steam generator 52. The heat storage tank 51 absorbs the heat of the shunted exhaust flue gas through a heat exchange device to perform high-temperature heat storage. The flue gas returns to the flue gas side of the waste heat boiler 2 after releasing heat. The steam generator 52 generates high-temperature steam by using heat storage when the load fluctuates and delivers the steam to the steam collector distributor 6 located downstream. The inlet end of the steam collector distributor 6 is in communication with the main steam external supply interface of the steam turbine 3 and the steam generator 52. The outlet end is formed into an external steam supply interface and is provided with a steam distribution and metering unit for distributing the external steam supply to each energy using unit outside the power plant as needed. The power plant outer side subsystem includes a hydrogen production unit 7 and a heat supply and cooling pipe network 8, wherein the steam inlet of the hydrogen production unit 7 is connected to the steam distribution and metering unit of the steam collection distributor 6, and the distributed high-temperature and high-pressure steam is used for methanol steam thermal chemical reforming to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen production side is connected to a hydrogen storage and filling end; the heat supply and cooling pipe network 8 is integrated with a steam turbine 9, an absorption refrigeration device 10, a refrigeration unit 11 and a phase change cold storage device 12, the steam inlet of the steam turbine 9 is connected to the steam distribution and metering unit of the steam collection distributor 6 and the medium-low temperature steam outlet of the hydrogen production unit 7 in a switchable manner through a switching valve 13, the steam outlet is connected to the high-pressure generator 14 of the absorption refrigeration device 10, and the steam turbine 9 is drivingly connected to the refrigeration unit 11, the exhaust side of the high-pressure generator 14 provides heat for a heat user end through a heat exchange device 16, and the generated return water is transported to the power plant, the outlet of the evaporator 15 of the absorption refrigeration device 10 is connected to the downstream phase change cold storage device 12, and the refrigeration unit 11 provided is used to improve the cold storage power density, and the downstream chilled water pipeline is connected to a cold user end, and the generated low-temperature return water is transported to the evaporator 15 of the absorption refrigeration device 10.

[0017] In the embodiment of the application, the gas turbine 1 is provided with an air inlet cooling module 17 for adjusting the air inlet temperature of the compressor, which is coupled and connected to the chilled water pipeline of the evaporator 15 of the absorption refrigeration device 10 through the built-in heat exchange device, and the air inlet cooling module 17 is started when the air inlet temperature is higher than the preset threshold value, so as to effectively improve the power output of the gas turbine 1 in the summer power load peak period, enhance the unit peak shaving margin, and realize the collaborative and optimized operation of air inlet cooling and phase change cold storage. As a preferred, the air inlet cooling module 17 can be further integrated with a temperature sensor and a flow regulating valve, so as to ensure the accurate control of the cooling process and avoid the increase of energy consumption caused by excessive cooling, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and low-carbon emission performance of the overall system on the premise of ensuring the stability of steam extraction.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat storage tank 51 of the high-temperature heat storage unit 5 uses high-temperature molten salt or solid particles as a heat storage medium, the heat storage temperature range is 400-800 DEG C, and the heat storage capacity is determined according to the duration of power plant peak shaving and the load adjustment range; a high-temperature multistage heat exchange assembly is arranged in the heat storage tank 51 and coupled to the shunt adjustment valve group 4 on the high-temperature exhaust gas pipeline of the gas turbine 1 and the flue gas side of the waste heat boiler 2 through an external pipeline, used for shunting part of the exhaust gas heat to the heat storage tank 51 for heating under the premise of meeting the safety temperature of the waste heat boiler 2 inlet, realizing efficient heat storage in the low valley operation stage of the unit; the steam generator 52 is connected with the heat storage tank 51 through an independent heat exchange loop and releases the stored heat flexibly according to the load fluctuation of the power grid and the change of external steam demand, generates stable high-temperature steam supply, realizes decoupling of power plant operation and steam supply, improves the operation flexibility and stability of the system under multiple working conditions, and enhances the peak shaving capacity of the power grid and the continuity and reliability of steam supply.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, by using high-temperature heat storage and deep peak shaving technology, specifically by adjusting the flue gas amount through the shunt flow of the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine 1, the high-temperature flue gas heat is stored for heat storage, which can be used to adjust the load of the steam turbine, ensure the efficient operation of the unit, improve the variable working condition flexibility of the generator unit, and also ensure the stability of the downstream steam supply. At the same time, the operating performance of the gas turbine is easily affected by the change of ambient temperature, and for every 1 DEG C increase of the ambient temperature, the output power and power generation efficiency of the gas turbine decrease by about 0.6% and 0.18% respectively. The hot summer is the peak period of power load demand, and reducing the inlet air temperature of the gas turbine compressor can effectively improve the unit output and enhance the unit peak shaving margin.

[0020] In addition, the shunt adjustment valve group 4 of the high-temperature exhaust gas pipeline of the gas turbine 1 is preferably in communication connection with the flue gas temperature, pressure and oxygen content sensor, and realizes proportional opening degree adjustment through closed-loop communication with the energy management control platform, under the condition that the inlet flue gas of the waste heat boiler 2 is not lower than the acid dew point temperature threshold, part of the flue gas is shunted to the high-temperature heat storage unit 5 for heat storage, and the shunt adjustment valve group 4 is provided with a bypass backflow pipeline and an emergency shut-off valve, used for switching to a safe operation mode when the unit load is low or the flue gas parameters are abnormal, to avoid low-temperature corrosion and thermal stress impact; and the shunt control of the shunt adjustment valve group 4 is comprehensively determined according to the unit load and external steam demand, realizing dynamic optimization adjustment of the flue gas shunt ratio.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the inlet ends of the steam collecting distributor 6 are respectively communicated with the main steam external supply interface of the steam turbine 3 and the steam generator 52 in the high-temperature heat storage unit, for collecting and pressure-stabilizing and buffering the high-temperature steam from different sources, and a steam distribution and metering unit is preferably arranged at the outlet end thereof; a plurality of regulating valves and flow metering devices are preferably arranged in the steam distribution and metering unit, the steam distribution ratio of each path is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time monitored hydrogen production, heat supply load and refrigeration load demand, and based on a multi-path control algorithm; the flow metering devices record the temperature, pressure, flow and heat content value of each path of steam in real time, and upload them to the energy management control platform in real time, so as to realize fine configuration management of steam resources.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present application, the steam turbine 9 in the external subsystem of the power plant is a back pressure or back pressure type small turbine unit, the steam inlet end thereof is communicated with the medium and low temperature steam outlet of the steam collecting distributor 6 and the hydrogen production unit 7 through a switching valve 13 to utilize the extraction steam or waste heat steam to do work, the steam exhaust end thereof is directly connected to the high-pressure generator 14 of the absorption refrigeration device 10 to realize the cascade utilization of the turbine exhaust heat energy, and the steam turbine 9 is drivingly connected to the compressor of the refrigeration unit 11 through a shaft coupling arranged at the shaft end thereof; and an adjustable nozzle structure and / or a variable frequency speed regulation device are preferably arranged in the steam turbine 9, so as to realize the dynamic adjustment of the power output under the external load fluctuation, and realize the matching of the operating conditions of the steam turbine 9, the absorption refrigeration device 10 and the refrigeration unit 11 through the real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of the steam pressure, temperature and flow.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, by adopting the centralized heating and cooling technology, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the steam turbine can first pass through the steam turbine to generate electricity, and then drive the steam type lithium bromide unit to refrigerate. In order to maintain the high-efficiency operation of the system and broaden the range of user cold load demand, the cooling subsystem is provided with a phase change cold storage unit, and the lithium bromide chilled water is further cooled by a large-temperature-difference centrifugal water chiller, so as to improve the cold storage / cooling power of the cold storage unit and the delivery distance of the chilled water. The reasonable energy supply area and delivery distance of the centralized heating and cooling substation are the basis for ensuring the high-efficiency operation of the system, so it is particularly important to determine the reasonable energy supply area. The division of the energy supply area varies with the load characteristics of the land, regional planning and traffic road arrangement. The energy supply radius of the heating and cooling substation is influenced by many factors, the larger the scale of the heating and cooling substation and the larger the supply and return water temperature difference, the larger the energy supply radius, and the higher the delivery energy consumption.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present application, the absorption refrigeration device 10 is a single-effect or double-effect unit with lithium bromide (LiBr) solution as the working medium, wherein a high-pressure generator 14 and an evaporator 15 are arranged, the steam outlet pipeline of the steam turbine 9 is communicated with the steam inlet end of the high-pressure generator 14 to receive the turbine exhaust heat to drive the solution regeneration under the working pressure of 0.4-0.9 MPa, and the exhaust side of the high-pressure generator 14 provides heat for the external heat supply pipeline network through the heat exchange device 16 to realize the cascade utilization of steam energy; the 7-12 ℃ chilled water outlet generated by the evaporator 15 is communicated with the downstream phase change cold storage device 12 to form a cold storage circuit, and the three-way switch valve 18 is arranged to form a series-parallel composite arrangement with the downstream refrigeration unit 11, so that the absorption refrigeration device 10 bears the main cold load in the base load, and the refrigeration unit 11 compensates and reduces the evaporation temperature to obtain 3-8 ℃ chilled water in the peak load or low steam supply, so as to improve the cold storage power density and capacity of the phase change cold storage device through the large temperature difference cold network strategy, reduce the chilled water circulation flow, and prolong the delivery distance of the chilled water to meet the refrigeration demand of the remote user.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, the phase change cold storage device 12 uses paraffin, fatty acid or inorganic salt hydrate as the phase change cold storage material, the phase change temperature range is-5-15 ℃, and the matrix type microcapsule / plate type packaging structure is adopted to improve the heat transfer area and heat transfer coefficient; the three-way switch valve 18 is arranged on the chilled water outlet pipeline of the evaporator 15 in the absorption refrigeration device 10, one way is directly coupled to the phase change cold storage device 12, and the other way is connected to the phase change cold storage device 12 after being cooled by the downstream refrigeration unit 11, and the three-way switch valve 18 realizes closed-loop control through closed-loop communication with the energy management control platform, and switches the operation mode according to the cold network load change and the power grid scheduling instruction, so that the absorption refrigeration device 10 directly supplies cold to the phase change cold storage device 12 in the base load condition, and the refrigeration unit 11 further cools to enhance the cold storage density and long-distance delivery capacity in the peak load or high-intensity cold load.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the heating and cooling pipeline network 8 adopts four-pipe design to realize independent supply and distribution of hot water and chilled water and energy recovery, including hot water supply pipe, hot water return pipe, chilled water supply pipe and chilled water return pipe, and adjusting valve groups and circulating pump groups are arranged at key nodes of the pipeline network to adjust the temperature difference and flow of the supply and return water according to the user end heat and cold load demand, the hot water temperature is 60-90 ℃, the chilled water temperature is 3-8 ℃, the pipeline network coverage radius is determined according to the heat and cold load density and the delivery economy, and at the same time, metering devices are configured to monitor the energy consumption of each user in real time to realize dynamic adjustment.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen production unit 7 preferably employs a methanol-steam thermochemical reforming device. Its core is to achieve a reforming reaction between methanol and steam under medium- and low-temperature conditions, which not only yields high-purity hydrogen but also recovers and utilizes byproduct steam during the process, thereby achieving cascaded energy utilization and optimized coupling. Specifically, the reforming reaction zone is filled with a Cu / ZnO / Al2O3 catalyst, the reaction temperature is controlled within the range of 200~300 ℃, the reaction pressure is controlled within the range of 1.0~2.0 MPa, and the molar ratio of steam to methanol is controlled within the range of 1.2~2.5. After the reforming reaction, a hydrogen-rich mixed gas is generated and separated and purified downstream. The accompanying medium- and low-temperature steam (150~200 ℃) is transported to the steam turbine 9 of the heating and cooling pipeline network to provide a driving heat source, achieving efficient recovery and cascaded utilization of steam thermal energy during the hydrogen production process.

[0028] More specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen production unit 7 in this embodiment of the invention includes at least a methanol preheater 71, a methanol vaporizer 72, a reforming reactor 73, a gas-liquid separator 74, and a purification unit 75. High-temperature, high-pressure steam from the steam collector and distributor 6 is divided into two paths by a distribution valve group 76. One path is fed into the reforming reactor 73 as a reaction feedstock, and the other path is fed into the methanol vaporizer 72 to vaporize the preheated methanol. After releasing heat, the vaporized methanol is transported as medium-low temperature steam to the steam turbine of the heating and cooling pipeline network. The vaporized methanol is then fed into the reforming reactor 73. The product gas from the reforming reactor 73 is fed into the hot side of the methanol preheater 71 for cooling and then further fed into the gas-liquid separator 74. The cold side of the methanol preheater 71 is fed with methanol feedstock and unreacted methanol separated by the gas-liquid separator 74. The preheated methanol is then fed into the methanol vaporizer 72. The mixed gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 74 is fed into the downstream purification unit 75, where it undergoes pressure swing adsorption (PSA). High-purity hydrogen is obtained by purification using PSA (Polyhydrogen Sulfate) or membrane separation, and by-product gases are recycled as fuel or recycle gas.

[0029] In a further preferred example, the gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system of the present application can also be provided with an energy management control platform, which adopts a hierarchical distributed architecture and is integrated with at least a deep peak shaving module, a demand response module and a multi-energy flow scheduling module, and is in bidirectional communication connection with each key monitoring point in the internal subsystem of the power plant and the external subsystem of the power plant, wherein: the deep peak shaving module is in communication connection with the power grid dispatching end to receive power grid load prediction and peak shaving instructions, and by coordinating multiple control variables including the output of the gas turbine combined cycle unit, the storage and release of heat by the high-temperature heat storage unit, the steam distribution ratio of the steam collector, and the load of the hydrogen production unit, realizes flexible peak shaving of the power plant output on an intraday and cross-day scale, while ensuring the stability of steam supply to the outside, meeting the dual constraints of power grid flexibility demand and user-side diversified energy demand; the demand response module collects real-time demand data of electricity, hydrogen, heat and cold energy on the user side through the communication network, and establishes a multi-time scale load prediction model accordingly, implements peak clipping and valley filling and demand side management strategies, and ensures the balance of multi-energy load supply and demand; the multi-energy flow scheduling module interacts with the steam collector, the steam distribution and metering device, the heating and cooling pipe network and the hydrogen production unit in real time, and at least combines temperature, pressure, flow rate and heat enthalpy monitoring data to dynamically distribute steam flow direction through a multivariate control algorithm, realizing multi-energy collaborative supply of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen energy and fine configuration of energy flow.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Operation control method Based on the system structure described in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 further provides an operation control method for the above-mentioned gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat, electricity and hydrogen cogeneration system integrated with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage. The method takes temperature matching and cascade utilization as the core energy management principle, aiming to realize multi-energy collaborative supply of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen energy, and ensure the dual balance of power plant flexible peak shaving capability and user-side energy demand. The control process is based on real-time monitoring data inside and outside the system, relies on the energy management control platform for multi-module collaborative scheduling, realizes dynamic optimization and stability guarantee of operation. As shown in Figure 3 the method mainly includes the following steps: SS1. Parameter acquisition and demand prediction: Through the sensors arranged in each key component inside the power plant (gas turbine, waste heat boiler, steam turbine, high-temperature heat storage unit, steam collection and distribution device, etc.) and each energy using unit outside the power plant (hydrogen production unit, steam turbine, absorption refrigeration device, phase change cold storage device and heating and cooling pipe network), real-time operation data such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, heat enthalpy, etc. are collected; and combined with the power grid dispatching signal, the heat, cold and hydrogen demand on the user load side, a multi-energy load prediction result is formed. The prediction model takes into account both short-term fluctuations and long-term trends, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent steam distribution and system optimization operation.

[0031] SS2. Steam distribution and flow regulation: Based on the demand prediction results and in accordance with the temperature matching and cascade utilization principles, the power output of the gas turbine combined cycle unit, the storage and release heat strategy of the high-temperature thermal storage unit, and the distribution ratio of the steam collector distributor are determined. Through the multi-energy flow scheduling module, the steam supply is dynamically distributed to realize the coordinated steam supply between the hydrogen production unit, the steam turbine and the absorption refrigeration device. Preferably, the multi-energy flow scheduling module uses a multivariable control algorithm and combines real-time acquisition of temperature, pressure, flow and enthalpy value parameters to perform closed-loop control on the multi-way regulating valve group of the steam distribution unit, ensuring fine allocation of steam resources and meeting the dual constraints of system energy balance and economic operation.

[0032] SS3. Heat storage and release process control: When the power grid is in low load or there is excess power, the shunt regulating valve is controlled to introduce part of the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine into the high-temperature thermal storage unit for heat storage; when the power grid is in peak load or the demand for cold, heat and hydrogen increases, the steam generator in the thermal storage unit is started to release stored energy to generate high-temperature steam to compensate for the steam collector, so as to realize decoupling of power supply and steam supply and flexible peak regulation. As a preferred embodiment, the charging and discharging scheduling of the high-temperature thermal storage unit is based on the power grid load curve. During the low electricity consumption period, the shunt regulating valve is controlled to introduce the exhaust gas of the gas turbine into the heat storage tank for charging; during the high electricity consumption period or when the demand side load increases suddenly, the steam generator is controlled to release the stored heat and supplement the external steam supply through the steam collector, so as to realize decoupling of power plant operation and external steam supply demand and flexible peak regulation of the system.

[0033] SS4. Hydrogen production and by-product steam coupled utilization: According to the power grid peak shaving demand and hydrogen demand, the operation load of the hydrogen production unit is dynamically adjusted to realize flexible adjustment of hydrogen production power and rapid adjustment of hydrogen production load to provide auxiliary frequency modulation for the power grid. At the same time, the medium and low temperature steam generated in the hydrogen production process is recovered and sent to the steam turbine in the heat supply and cooling pipe network as driving steam to realize cascade utilization of energy. As a preferred embodiment, the control of the methanol reforming reaction conditions is in the range of 200-300 ℃ and 1.0-2.0 MPa pressure, the steam / methanol molar ratio is maintained between 1.2-2.5, and the feed ratio is dynamically corrected by real-time monitoring of the reactor outlet gas composition and conversion rate; at the same time, the 150-200 ℃ medium and low temperature steam produced in the hydrogen production process is controlled to enter the driving end of the steam turbine in the heat supply and cooling pipe network to realize the organic combination of hydrogen energy production and steam waste heat recovery.

[0034] SS5. Heat supply, cooling and cold storage regulation: According to the space-time distribution characteristics of the cold and heat loads on the user side, and by monitoring the temperatures and flow rates of the hot water pipe, the cold water pipe and the return water in real time, the operating conditions of the absorption refrigeration device and the refrigeration unit are dynamically controlled to realize linkage with the phase change cold storage device, stable cold output is provided by the absorption refrigeration device in the base load condition, the refrigeration unit is started in the deep cooling mode in the peak load condition to improve the cold output capacity and the cold storage density, and the supply and return water temperatures and flow rates of the heat supply and cold supply pipe network are adjusted to realize time shift adjustment and peak valley balance of the heat and cold energy. As an optimization, a three-way switching valve is arranged on the cold source side, one route of chilled water directly enters the phase change cold storage device for cold storage through the absorption refrigeration device, and the other route enters the phase change cold storage device after deep cooling through the refrigeration unit, so as to provide lower temperature cold storage at the peak of the cold load; and a closed loop control is formed through the temperature sensor, the flow meter and the water level sensor to realize dynamic matching of the cold supply capacity and the cold network condition.

[0035] SS6. Safety constraints and fault emergency disposal: During the operation of the system, the key operating parameters and states of each subsystem are monitored in real time. When a device fault, an operating parameter out of limit or a potential safety risk is detected, the energy management control platform triggers a hierarchical emergency response program to perform load transfer, standby device input and bypass switching and the like to ensure the stability, continuity and reliability of the system and the multi-energy supply.

[0036] In summary, the operation control method described in Embodiment 2 is based on the system architecture of Embodiment 1, and forms a whole-process operation logic from parameter acquisition, demand prediction, steam scheduling, heat storage and release, hydrogen production coupling to heat and cold supply linkage and emergency disposal. The method not only ensures the flexibility of internal operation of the power plant and the adaptability of external load, but also realizes multi-energy collaborative supply of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen and efficient utilization of energy in stages, and has significant energy saving and emission reduction and system optimization value.

[0037] The above embodiments completely and effectively achieve the purpose of the present application. Those skilled in the art can understand that the present application includes but is not limited to the contents described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Although the present application has been described with respect to the presently preferred and most advantageous embodiments, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and any modification that does not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present application will be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen supply system coupled with high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage for a gas turbine, characterized in that, At least comprising: A power plant inside subsystem, including a gas turbine combined cycle unit, a high-temperature heat storage unit and a steam collection distributor, the gas turbine combined cycle unit is provided with a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine, wherein the high-temperature exhaust gas pipeline of the gas turbine is provided with a shunt regulating valve group, the main flow exhaust gas is discharged into the waste heat boiler, and part of the exhaust gas is shunted to the high-temperature heat storage unit according to the peak shaving demand, the steam turbine provides high-temperature and high-pressure steam through the main steam external supply interface while generating electricity and the steam is discharged into the steam collection distributor located downstream; the high-temperature heat storage unit is provided with a heat storage tank and a steam generator, the heat storage tank absorbs the heat of the shunted exhaust gas through a heat exchange device to store high-temperature heat, and the flue gas returns to the flue gas side of the waste heat boiler after releasing heat; the steam generator generates high-temperature steam by using the stored heat when the load fluctuates and delivers the steam to the steam collection distributor; the inlet end of the steam collection distributor is communicated with the main steam external supply interface of the steam turbine and the steam generator, and the outlet end is formed into an external steam supply interface and is provided with a steam distribution and metering unit; A power plant outside subsystem, including a hydrogen production unit and a heating and cooling pipe network, wherein the steam inlet of the hydrogen production unit is communicated with the steam collection distributor, and the distributed high-temperature and high-pressure steam is used to produce hydrogen by methanol steam thermal chemical reforming; the heating and cooling pipe network is integrated with a steam turbine, an absorption refrigeration device, a refrigeration unit and a phase change cold storage device, the steam inlet of the steam turbine is communicated with the steam collection distributor and the medium-low temperature steam outlet of the hydrogen production unit in a switchable manner, the steam outlet is communicated with the high-pressure generator of the absorption refrigeration device, and the steam turbine drives the refrigeration unit; the high-pressure generator provides heat for the heat user through a heat exchange device, the chilled water outlet of the evaporator in the absorption refrigeration device is communicated with the phase change cold storage device, and the refrigeration unit is arranged to improve the cold storage power density, and the downstream chilled water pipeline is communicated with the cold user.

2. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power to hydrogen co- supply system of claim 1, wherein, The gas turbine is provided with an air inlet cooling module for adjusting the air inlet temperature of the compressor, which is coupled and communicated with the chilled water pipeline of the evaporator in the absorption refrigeration device through the built-in heat exchange device, and the air inlet cooling module is started when the air inlet temperature is higher than the preset threshold value, so as to effectively improve the power output of the gas turbine and enhance the unit peak shaving margin during the summer power load demand peak period.

3. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- supply system of claim 1, wherein, The heat storage tank of the high-temperature heat storage unit uses high-temperature molten salt or solid particles as the heat storage medium, the heat storage temperature range is 400-800 ℃, and the heat storage capacity is determined according to the power plant peak shaving duration and load adjustment range; a high-temperature multistage heat exchange component is arranged in the heat storage tank and is coupled and connected to the shunt regulating valve group on the high-temperature exhaust gas pipeline of the gas turbine and the flue gas side of the waste heat boiler through external pipelines, for shunting part of the exhaust gas heat to the heat storage tank for heating under the premise of meeting the safety temperature of the waste heat boiler inlet; the steam generator is connected to the heat storage tank through an independent heat exchange loop and releases the stored heat flexibly according to the load fluctuation of the power grid and the change of external steam demand, to generate stable high-temperature steam supply.

4. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- supply system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The gas turbine high-temperature exhaust gas pipeline shunt regulating valve group is in communication connection with the flue gas temperature, pressure and oxygen content sensors, and realizes proportional opening degree regulation through closed loop communication with the energy management control platform, under the condition of ensuring that the waste heat boiler inlet flue gas is not lower than the acid dew point temperature threshold, part of the flue gas is shunted to the high-temperature heat storage unit for heat storage, and the shunt regulating valve group is provided with a bypass backflow pipeline and an emergency shut-off valve, which is used to switch to a safe operation mode when the unit is in low load or the flue gas parameters are abnormal, so as to avoid low-temperature corrosion and thermal stress impact; and the shunt control of the shunt regulating valve group is comprehensively determined according to the unit load demand and the external steam demand, so as to realize dynamic optimization regulation of the flue gas shunt ratio.

5. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- production system of claim 1, wherein, The inlet end of the steam collection distributor is in communication with the main steam external supply interface of the steam turbine and the outlet of the steam generator in the high-temperature heat storage unit respectively, for centralized collection and pressure stabilization and buffering of high-temperature steam from different sources, and a steam distribution and metering unit is arranged at the outlet end; the steam distribution and metering unit is provided with a plurality of regulating valve groups and flow metering devices, which dynamically adjust the steam distribution ratio of each path according to the real-time monitored steam demand of the hydrogen production unit, the heating load demand and the refrigeration load demand, and based on a multi-path control algorithm, the flow metering devices record the temperature, pressure, flow and heat content of each path of steam in real time, and the data is uploaded to the energy management control platform in real time, to realize fine configuration management of steam resources.

6. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- production system of claim 1, wherein, The steam turbine is a small back pressure or extraction back pressure turbine unit, the steam inlet end is in switchable communication with the medium and low temperature steam outlet of the steam distribution and metering unit and the hydrogen production unit to utilize extraction steam or waste heat steam for work, and the steam exhaust end is directly connected to the high-pressure generator of the absorption refrigeration device, and is drivingly connected to the compressor of the refrigeration unit through the shaft coupling arranged at the end of the turbine shaft; and the steam turbine is provided with an adjustable nozzle structure and / or a variable frequency speed regulation device, to realize dynamic regulation of power output under external load fluctuation, and to realize matching of the operation condition of the steam turbine with the absorption refrigeration device and the refrigeration unit through real-time monitoring and closed loop control of steam pressure, temperature and flow.

7. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- production system of claim 1 wherein, The absorption refrigeration device is a single effect or double effect unit with lithium bromide solution as the working medium, which is provided with a high-pressure generator and an evaporator, the steam inlet end of the high-pressure generator is in communication with the steam exhaust pipeline of the steam turbine, to receive turbine exhaust heat at a working pressure of 0.4-0.9 MPa to drive solution regeneration, and the steam exhaust side provides heat for the external heating pipe network through a heat exchange device; the 7-12 ℃ chilled water outlet of the evaporator is in communication with the downstream phase change cold storage device to form a cold storage circuit, and a three-way switch valve is arranged to form a series-parallel composite arrangement with the downstream refrigeration unit, the absorption refrigeration device bears the main cold quantity at base load, the refrigeration unit compensates at peak load or low steam supply to reduce the evaporation temperature to obtain 3-8 ℃ chilled water, and the large temperature difference cold network strategy is used to improve the cold storage power density and capacity of the phase change cold storage device.

8. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- supply system of claim 1 or 7, characterized by, The phase change cold storage device uses paraffin, fatty acid or inorganic salt hydrate as phase change cold storage material, the phase change temperature range is-5~15℃, and a matrix type microcapsule / plate type packaging structure is adopted to improve the heat transfer area and heat transfer coefficient; a three-way switch valve is arranged on the chilled water outlet pipeline of the evaporator of the absorption refrigeration device, one way is directly coupled to the phase change cold storage device, the other way is connected to the refrigeration unit downstream for deep cooling and then connected to the phase change cold storage device, and the three-way switch valve realizes closed loop control through closed loop communication with the energy management control platform, and according to the load change of the cold network and the power grid scheduling instruction, the operation mode is switched, under the base load condition, the absorption refrigeration device directly supplies cold to the phase change cold storage device, and under the peak load or high intensity cold load, the refrigeration unit is further used for cooling to enhance the cold storage density and long distance transportation capacity.

9. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- production system of claim 1, wherein, The heating and cooling pipe network adopts four-pipe design to realize independent supply and distribution of hot water and chilled water, including hot water supply pipe, hot water return pipe, cold water supply pipe and cold water return pipe, and adjusting valve group and circulating pump group are arranged at key nodes of the pipe network to adjust the temperature difference and flow of the supply and return water according to the heat and cold load demand of the user end, the hot water temperature is 60~90 ℃, the cold water temperature is 3~8 ℃, and the pipe network coverage radius is determined according to the heat and cold load density and transportation economy, and a metering device is configured to monitor the user energy consumption in real time to dynamically adjust.

10. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power and hydrogen co- production system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen production unit is a methanol steam thermal chemical reforming device, Cu / ZnO / Al2O3 catalyst is filled in the reforming reaction zone, the reaction temperature is controlled in the range of 200~300 ℃, the reaction pressure is controlled in the range of 1.0~2.0 MPa, and the molar ratio of steam to methanol is controlled in the range of 1.2~2.5, after the reforming reaction, hydrogen-rich mixed gas is generated and separated and purified downstream, and the low-temperature steam of 150~200 ℃ accompanying the hydrogen production is transported to the steam turbine of the heating and cooling pipe network to provide a driving heat source.

11. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power to hydrogen co- production system of claim 10, wherein, The hydrogen production unit at least includes a methanol preheater, a methanol vaporizer, a reforming reactor, a gas-liquid separator and a purification unit, high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the steam distribution and metering unit is divided into two ways through a distribution valve group, one way is connected to the reforming reactor as a reaction raw material, the other way is connected to the methanol vaporizer to vaporize the preheated methanol and transport the low-temperature steam after releasing heat to the steam turbine of the heating and cooling pipe network, the vaporized methanol is connected to the reforming reactor; the product gas of the reforming reactor is further connected to the gas-liquid separator after being cooled on the hot side of the methanol preheater, the cold side of the methanol preheater is connected to the methanol raw material and the unreacted methanol separated from the gas-liquid separator, the preheated methanol is connected to the methanol vaporizer; the mixed gas separated from the gas-liquid separator is connected to the downstream purification unit, high-purity hydrogen is obtained by pressure swing adsorption or membrane separation, and the byproduct gas is recycled as fuel or recycled.

12. The gas turbine combined cycle cold, heat and power to hydrogen co- production system of claim 10, wherein, Further comprising an energy management control platform, the platform adopts a hierarchical distributed architecture and is at least integrated with a deep peak shaving module, a demand response module and a multi-energy flow scheduling module, and is bidirectionally communicated and connected with each key measurement and control point in the power plant inner side subsystem and the power plant outer side subsystem, wherein: The deep peak shaving module is connected with the power grid dispatching end to receive power grid load prediction and peak shaving instructions, and through coordination of multiple control variables including gas turbine combined cycle unit output, high-temperature heat storage unit heat storage and release, steam collection distributor steam distribution ratio and hydrogen production unit load, flexible peak shaving of power plant output is realized while stability of external steam supply is ensured; The demand response module collects user-side electricity, hydrogen, heat and cold energy demand data in real time through a communication network, and establishes a multi-time scale load prediction model accordingly, implements peak clipping and valley filling and demand side management strategies, and ensures supply and demand balance of multi-energy load; The multi-energy flow scheduling module interacts with the steam collection distributor, steam distribution and metering unit, heat and cold supply pipe network and hydrogen production unit in real time, and at least combines temperature, pressure, flow and heat enthalpy monitoring data to dynamically distribute steam flow direction through a multivariate control algorithm, realizing multi-energy coordinated supply and energy flow fine configuration of electricity, heat, cold and hydrogen energy.

13. A method of operating a combined cycle gas turbine system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, At least the following control steps are included: SS1. Real-time collection of operation data of each component inside the power plant and load parameters of each component outside the power plant, combined with power grid dispatching signals and user heat, cold and hydrogen load demand, to form multi-energy demand prediction; SS2. According to the demand prediction results and based on temperature matching and cascade utilization principles, determine the combined cycle unit output, high-temperature heat storage unit heat storage and release power, steam collection distributor distribution ratio, and realize dynamic distribution of external steam supply through the steam distribution and metering unit; SS3. When the power grid is in low valley load or there is excess power, control the shunt regulating valve to introduce part of the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine into the high-temperature heat storage unit for heat storage; when the power grid is in peak load or the demand for cold, heat and hydrogen increases, start the steam generator in the heat storage unit to release stored energy and generate high-temperature steam to compensate for entering the steam collection distributor, to realize decoupling and flexible peak shaving of power and steam supply; SS4. According to the power grid peak shaving demand and hydrogen demand, dynamically adjust the operation load of the hydrogen production unit, control the methanol feed amount, steam supply amount and reaction temperature to realize flexible adjustment of hydrogen production power, and the rapid adjustment of hydrogen production load provides auxiliary frequency modulation for the power grid, while the medium and low temperature steam generated in the hydrogen production process is recovered and sent to the steam turbine of the heat and cold supply pipe network as driving steam, realizing energy cascade utilization; SS5. According to the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of user-side cold and heat load, and through real-time monitoring of hot water pipe, cold water pipe and return water temperature and flow, dynamically control the operating conditions of the absorption refrigeration device and the refrigeration unit, provide stable cold capacity by the absorption refrigeration device under base load conditions, start the refrigeration unit in deep cooling mode under peak load conditions to improve the cold capacity output ability and cold storage density, and adjust the supply and return water temperature and flow of the heat and cold supply pipe network to realize time shift adjustment and peak valley balance of heat and cold energy.

14. The operation control method according to claim 13, characterized by, In step SS2, the steam distribution and metering unit dynamically adjusts the multi-way regulating valve group at the outlet of the steam collection distributor based on a multivariate control algorithm, combined with real-time collected pressure, temperature, flow rate and enthalpy data, to ensure that the distribution of steam among the hydrogen production unit, steam turbine and absorption refrigeration device meets the dual constraints of energy balance and economic operation.

15. The operation control method according to claim 13, characterized by, In step SS3, the charging and discharging scheduling of the high-temperature thermal storage unit is based on the load curve of the power grid. During the low electricity consumption period, the shunt regulating valve is controlled to preferentially guide the flue gas from the gas turbine into the thermal storage tank for charging. During the peak electricity consumption period or when the demand-side load suddenly increases, the steam generator is controlled to release the stored heat and supplement the externally supplied steam through the steam collection distributor, thereby decoupling the power plant operation and external steam supply demand and achieving flexible peak shaving of the system.

16. The operation control method according to claim 13, characterized by In step SS4, the methanol reforming reaction conditions are controlled to be within the range of 200-300 ℃ and 1.0-2.0 MPa pressure, with a steam / methanol molar ratio of 1.2-2.

5. The feed ratio is dynamically corrected based on real-time monitoring of the gas composition and conversion rate at the reactor outlet. Meanwhile, the 150-200 ℃ medium-low temperature steam produced as a byproduct of hydrogen production is introduced into the heating and cooling pipe network steam turbine drive end, realizing the organic combination of hydrogen energy production and steam waste heat recovery.

17. The operation control method according to claim 13, characterized by, In step SS5, a three-way switch valve is provided on the cold source side. One route of chilled water directly enters the phase change cold storage device for cold storage through the absorption refrigeration device, and the other route enters the phase change cold storage device after being deeply cooled by the refrigeration unit to provide lower temperature cold energy storage during peak cold load. A closed loop control is formed by temperature sensors, flow meters and water level sensors to dynamically match the cooling capacity and cold network operating conditions.

18. The operation control method according to claim 13, characterized by, Step SS6 also includes safety constraints and fault emergency disposal. By monitoring the operating state and key parameters of each subsystem in real time, when equipment failure, parameter overrun or safety risks are detected, a hierarchical emergency response program is executed, and standby equipment is put into operation to maintain stable operation of the system through load transfer.

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