Gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test bench and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test bench and method. An adjustable bearing bush assembly is integrated; the assembly comprises a bearing seat fixed on an adjusting base, the adjusting base arranged in the bearing seat, a bearing bush installation body used for installing a tested bearing bush, a precision displacement mechanism and a locking mechanism which are connected between the adjusting base and the bearing bush installation body, and a vibration exciter used for testing vibration of the bearing bush. The precise displacement mechanism can drive the bearing bush installation body to move in the radial direction in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft relative to the adjusting base, and therefore continuous and precise adjustment of the radial clearance of the tested sliding bearing is achieved. And after the adjustment is in place, the bearing bush mounting body is reliably locked and fixed by the locking mechanism. According to the invention, in-situ, disassembly-free, continuous and accurate adjustment of the bearing clearance of the vertical sliding bearing test bed is realized, the test efficiency and flexibility are remarkably improved, and the influence rule of different clearances on the bearing performance is conveniently systematically researched.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering test equipment, in particular to a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test bench and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The sliding bearing is a key basic part in rotary machinery, and its performance such as friction coefficient, temperature rise, oil film pressure distribution, carrying capacity and stability directly affects the operation efficiency, reliability and service life of the equipment. Simulation testing on the test bench is a necessary means to study and verify the bearing performance and optimize the design parameters.

[0003] Most existing vertical sliding bearing test benches have bearing gaps determined by selecting bushings during assembly, and once the assembly is completed, the gap is fixed. If the bearing performance under different gaps needs to be tested, the machine must be stopped, disassembled, replaced with bushings or reprocessed and adjusted with shims, which is a tedious, time-consuming and inefficient process, and it is difficult to achieve continuous and accurate gap adjustment. In addition, the traditional replacement of bushings has discrete and limited adjustable gap values, and frequent disassembly and replacement seriously affect the continuity and efficiency of the test, affecting the continuity of the test. In addition, the traditional test bench cannot dynamically adjust the gap in real time according to the working conditions during the test to study its transient effects.

[0004] Although there are some horizontal bearing test benches that attempt to adjust the gap mechanism such as eccentric sleeves, these structures are usually complex and bulky, and it is difficult to directly apply them to vertical test benches that require higher compactness and rigidity, considering gravity, centering and loading direction. For the efficient, accurate and continuous gap adjustment requirements of vertical test benches, the existing technology lacks effective solutions. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the problems of difficult, inaccurate and low-efficiency bearing gap adjustment of existing vertical sliding bearing test benches, and provides a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test bench and method. The test bench can continuously, accurately and conveniently adjust the bearing radial gap without disassembling the bearing components, significantly improving the test efficiency and facilitating the study of the influence of different gaps on bearing performance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test bench, comprising a test bench body, a driving system, a main shaft excitation system, a bearing test system and a measurement system. The test bench body comprises a lubricating oil recovery mechanism and a positioning and leveling mechanism, the lubricating oil recovery mechanism is used for recovering the lubricating oil overflowed from the bearing test system, the positioning and leveling mechanism is used for initial centering, compensating assembly errors, ensuring the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and the bearing bush, horizontal calibration, adjusting the levelness of the base, eliminating the test deviation caused by gravity, and wide-range adjustment and post-resetting, re-centering after large gap adjustment, and maintaining the test accuracy; The driving system is used for applying a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, so as to simulate the radial working load borne by the bearing; The main shaft excitation system is used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; The bearing test system is used for mounting the bearing bush of the measured sliding bearing and locking; The measuring system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during working, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics.

[0007] The further improvement of the present application is that the lubricating oil recovery system comprises a small oil tank and an oil filter hole, the lubricating oil overflowed from the bearing test system is filtered through the oil filter hole and flows into the small oil tank under the action of gravity; the positioning and leveling mechanism comprises an electro-hydraulic servo valve, an upper support rod, a lower support rod, an adjusting base and a bearing bush mounting body, the upper support rod and the lower support rod are controlled by the electro-hydraulic servo valve, so as to adjust the relative position of the adjusting base and the bearing bush mounting body.

[0008] The further improvement of the present application is that the driving system is fixed in the test bench body, a loading motor is used as a power source for applying a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis through a shaft coupling, so as to simulate the radial working load borne by the bearing.

[0009] The further improvement of the present application is that the main shaft excitation system comprises an exciter and an exciter base, which are used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; when the main shaft rotates, the exciter applies periodic vibration, simulating the real mechanical vibration environment.

[0010] The further improvement of the present application is that the bearing test system comprises a test mechanism, a precision displacement mechanism and a locking mechanism; the test mechanism comprises an adjusting pad, which is fixedly installed on the adjusting base; the bearing bush mounting body is arranged in the bearing seat and is used for mounting the bearing bush of the measured sliding bearing; the precision displacement mechanism is connected between the bearing bush mounting bodies; the precision displacement mechanism is configured to drive the bearing bush mounting bodies to move radially in a plane perpendicular to the main shaft axis, so as to change the radial gap between the measured bearing bush and the main shaft; the locking mechanism is used for locking the bearing bush mounting bodies on the adjusting base after the precision displacement mechanism is adjusted in place.

[0011] The further improvement of the present application is that the precision displacement mechanism is a ball screw pair driven by a servo motor; The precision displacement mechanism comprises four fine adjustment rod assemblies arranged in the circumferential direction; each fine adjustment rod assembly comprises an adjusting rod and an adjusting screw; the adjusting screw is precisely controlled by four adjusting screw controllers, and gap adjustment is synchronously performed to ensure centering; the adjusting pad is connected with the adjusting slide rail, the adjusting rod is arranged at the end of the adjusting screw and is in contact with the bearing bush mounting body; and the adjusting rod can push the bearing bush mounting body to move radially.

[0012] Further improvement of the present application is that the precision displacement mechanism further comprises a reset elastic element arranged between the adjusting rod and the adjusting screw.

[0013] Further improvement of the present application is that a gap adjusting block is arranged in the bearing bush mounting body, the gap adjusting block is connected with the locking screw and the adjusting rod, and the two bearing bush mounting bodies are connected through a mounting body connecting block.

[0014] Further improvement of the present application is that a guide mechanism is arranged between the gap adjusting block and the adjusting base to limit the movement of the gap adjusting block in the preset radial direction; the locking mechanism is a locking screw, and the locking screw passes through the through hole of the gap adjusting block and the adjusting rod and is tightly pressed against the bearing bush mounting body.

[0015] A gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test method, comprising: The lubrication recovery mechanism recovers the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system, the positioning and leveling mechanism realizes initial centering, compensates for assembly errors, ensures the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and the bearing bush, adjusts the levelness of the adjusting base, eliminates the test deviation caused by gravity, and resets after large-range adjustment, re-centers after large-range gap adjustment, and maintains the test precision; The driving system applies a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, thereby simulating the radial working load borne by the bearing; The main shaft excitation system tests the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; The bearing test system installs the bearing bush of the measured sliding bearing and locks it; The measurement system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during operation, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Continuous and accurate gap adjustment: the adjusting screw of the precision displacement mechanism can continuously and accurately fine-tune the bearing radial gap before or during the test (depending on the rigidity and locking reliability of the mechanism), without the need to disassemble any parts.

[0017] 2. Efficient and convenient adjustment: the gap adjustment operation is greatly simplified, the test efficiency is significantly improved, and the time and cost of replacing the bearing bush or gasket are saved.

[0018] 3. Broaden the research scope: Facilitate rapid and systematic study of the influence of different clearances on the static and dynamic performance (friction, wear, temperature rise, oil film characteristics, stability boundary, etc.) of sliding bearings on the same test bench, and obtain more comprehensive experimental data.

[0019] 4. Compact and reliable structure: Designed for vertical layout, the adjustable bearing shell assembly structure is relatively compact and has high integration, and the locking mechanism ensures the rigidity after adjustment, meeting the high requirements of vertical test bench on rigidity and stability.

[0020] 5. Improve test flexibility: High-precision displacement mechanism with closed-loop control can be selected to realize automatic adjustment and dynamic clearance control research.

[0021] 6. Strong applicability: Suitable for testing sliding bearings (bearing shells) of different sizes, only need to replace the corresponding bearing shell mounting body or adapter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application; Figure 2 It is a gap adjustment system and adjusting mechanism connection schematic diagram of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application; Figure 3 It is an explosion view of the gap adjustment system of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application; Figure 4 It is a bearing shell mounting body internal structure schematic diagram of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application; Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the gap adjustment block of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application; Figure 6 It is a reset elastic element structure schematic diagram of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a system coordination framework diagram of a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench in the present application.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1 - loading motor; 2 - upper support plate; 3 - upper support rod; 4 - exciter; 5 - lower support plate; 6 - lower support rod; 7 - adjusting converter; 8 - adjusting base; 9 - adjusting pad; 10 - adjusting screw; 11 - fixing pin; 12 - bearing mounting body; 13 - electro-hydraulic servo valve; 14 - small oil tank; 15 - adjusting rod; 16 - adjusting screw controller; 17 - controller interface; 18 - exciter base; 19 - coupling; 20 - motor interface; 21 - mounting body connecting block; 22 - connecting bolt; 23 - adjusting rod groove; 24 - fixing bolt; 25 - adjusting slide rail; 26 - oil retaining ring; 27 - gap adjusting block; 28 - locking screw; 29 - reset elastic element; 30 - spring; 31 - sinking bolt; 32 - fixing bolt; 33 - oil filter hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments will be described simply. As can be recognized by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than limiting.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0029] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise or limited in the specification, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connection", "fixed", and the like, are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mounting, connection, and fixation, as well as fixed or detachable mounting, connection, and fixation. Further, the terms "connected" and "connection" are used in broad sense and can include mechanical connection, electrical connection, communication connection, and the like, as well as direct and indirect connection. The terms "mounted" and "mounting" are used broadly and encompass both fixed mounting and detachable mounting, as well as direct and indirect mounting. The terms "mounted" and "mounting" can also mean the internal communication between elements or the interaction between elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise or limited in the specification, the terms "on", "under", and the like, are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect contact between elements, as well as contact through other elements. Further, the terms "on", "under", and "beneath" can mean directly above, obliquely above, or simply higher in height, and the terms "on", "over", and "above" can mean directly above, obliquely above, or simply higher in height. The terms "under", "below", and "underneath" can mean directly below, obliquely below, or simply lower in height.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0032] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0033] Various structural diagrams according to the disclosed embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. These diagrams are not drawn to scale, in which certain details are exaggerated for clarity of presentation and precision, and certain details can be omitted. The shapes of various regions, layers, and the relative size and position relationship between them shown in the diagrams are merely exemplary, and in actuality, they can deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art can additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0034] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Embodiment 1 The application provides a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bed, which comprises a test bed body, a driving system, a main shaft excitation system, a bearing test system and a measuring system; the test bed body comprises a lubricating recovery mechanism and a positioning and leveling mechanism; the lubricating recovery mechanism is used for recovering the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system; the positioning and leveling mechanism is used for initial centering, compensating assembly errors and ensuring the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and bearing bush; horizontal calibration, adjusting the levelness of the base and eliminating the test deviation caused by gravity; and wide-range adjustment and resetting, re-centering after large gap adjustment and maintaining the test accuracy; the driving system is used for applying a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, so as to simulate the radial working load borne by the bearing; the main shaft excitation system is used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; the bearing test system is used for installing the bush of the measured sliding bearing and locking; and the measuring system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during working, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics.

[0036] Embodiment 2 With reference to Figures 1 to 6 The application provides a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bed, which comprises a test bed body, a driving system, a main shaft excitation system, a bearing test system and a measuring system; the bearing test system comprises: an adjusting base 9 fixedly installed on the base; a bush mounting body 12 arranged in the bearing seat and used for installing the bush of the measured sliding bearing; and a precision displacement mechanism connected between the bush mounting bodies 12; the precision displacement mechanism is configured to drive the bush mounting bodies 12 to move radially in a plane perpendicular to the main shaft axis relative to the adjusting base 8, so as to change the radial gap between the measured bush and the main shaft; and a locking mechanism used for locking the bush mounting body on the adjusting base after the precision displacement mechanism is adjusted in place; the main shaft excitation system is installed on the lower support plate 5 and forms a 90° angle, and is used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor.

[0037] In the embodiment, the precision displacement mechanism comprises four fine adjustment rod assemblies arranged in the circumferential direction; each fine adjustment rod assembly comprises an adjusting rod 15 and an adjusting screw 10; the adjusting screw is precisely controlled by four adjusting screw controllers 16, and the gap is adjusted synchronously to ensure centering; the adjusting base 9 is connected with the adjusting slide rail 25, the adjusting rod 15 is arranged at the end of the adjusting screw 10 and in contact with the bush mounting body 12; and the adjusting rod 15 can push the bush mounting body 12 to move radially.

[0038] In the embodiment, the reset elastic element 29 is arranged between the adjusting rod 15 and the adjusting screw 10.

[0039] In the embodiment, the precision displacement mechanism is a ball screw pair driven by a servo motor.

[0040] In the embodiment, a positioning and leveling mechanism is arranged between the adjusting base and the bearing seat. The electro-hydraulic servo valve 13 drives the upper support rod 3 and the lower support rod 6 to support the remaining components and level the test bench.

[0041] In the embodiment, a guide mechanism is arranged between the gap adjusting block 27 and the adjusting base 8 to limit the movement of the gap adjusting block 27 in the preset radial direction.

[0042] In the embodiment, the locking mechanism is a locking screw 28 which passes through the through hole on the gap adjusting block 27 and the adjusting rod 15 and is tightly pressed against the bearing bush mounting body 12.

[0043] In the embodiment, the driving system is a loading motor 1 which is used to apply a radial load perpendicular to the spindle axis.

[0044] In the embodiment, the measuring system includes at least one of sensors for measuring the spindle speed, torque, bearing friction, bearing temperature and bearing oil film pressure.

[0045] In the embodiment, a small oil tank 14 is further included to collect the lubricating oil filtered from the oil filter hole 33 of the bearing bush mounting body 12.

[0046] Embodiment 3 Reference Figure 1 In the embodiment, the test bench body includes a lubricating oil recovery mechanism, a positioning and leveling mechanism and other components of the test bench. The lubricating oil recovery system is composed of a small oil tank 14 and an oil filter hole 33. The lubricating oil overflowed from the bearing test system is filtered through the oil filter hole 33 and flows into the small oil tank 14 under the action of gravity. The positioning and leveling mechanism is controlled by the electro-hydraulic servo valve 13 to adjust the relative position of the adjusting base 8 and the bearing bush mounting body 12, which is used for initial centering, horizontal calibration and large range adjustment reset. Other components of the test bench body include an upper support plate 2 and a lower support plate 5. The lower support rod 6 is connected to the adjusting base 8, and the adjusting base 8 is installed with the bearing bush mounting body 12, the electro-hydraulic servo valve 13 and the adjusting screw 10.

[0047] In the embodiment, the driving system is a radial load perpendicular to the spindle axis applied by the loading motor 1 through the shaft coupling 19, which is fixed in the upper support plate 2. One end of the spindle is connected to the driving output through the shaft coupling 19, and the other end is a free end or is provided with an auxiliary support. The loading motor 1 applies a radial load on the spindle and is provided with a motor interface 20.

[0048] In the embodiment, the main shaft excitation system comprises an exciter 4 and an exciter base 18, which are installed on the lower support plate 5 and used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; when the main shaft rotates, the exciter 4 applies periodic vibration to simulate the real mechanical vibration environment.

[0049] In the embodiment, the bearing test system comprises: an adjusting base 8, which is fixedly installed on the adjusting base 8; bearing bush mounting bodies 12, which are arranged in the bearing seat and used for mounting the bearing bushes of the sliding bearing to be tested; a precision displacement mechanism, which is connected between the bearing bush mounting bodies 12; the precision displacement mechanism is configured to drive the bearing bush mounting bodies 12 to move radially relative to the adjusting base 8 in a plane perpendicular to the main shaft axis, so as to change the radial clearance between the bearing bushes to be tested and the main shaft; and a locking mechanism, which is used for locking the bearing bush mounting bodies on the adjusting base 8 after the precision displacement mechanism is adjusted to the position. In the embodiment, the measuring system is not marked in the application, which integrates multiple types of sensors (rotation speed, torque, temperature, oil film pressure, tension and pressure sensors, etc.) and comprehensively collects dynamic parameters (such as friction, temperature rise, vibration, oil film characteristics) of the bearing during operation.

[0050] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the bearing bush mounting bodies 12 are connected with the adjusting lead screw 10 through the adjusting rods 15, the adjusting rods 15 and the adjusting lead screw 10 are connected through the fixed pins 11, the adjusting lead screw 10 is installed on the adjusting slide rail 25 and is integrally installed on the adjusting base 9, the adjusting lead screw 10 is further provided with the fixed bolt 24, the adjusting converter 7 is connected with the adjusting lead screw controller 16 and is provided with the controller interface 17. The bearing bush mounting bodies 12 are provided with the small oil tank 14.

[0051] In the bearing bush mounting bodies 12, the gap adjusting blocks 27 are installed and connected through the locking screws 28 and the adjusting rods 15, the two bearing bush mounting bodies 12 are connected through the mounting body connecting blocks 21 by the connecting bolts 22, and are further fixed through the fixed pins 32. The oil blocking ring 26 is installed on the bearing bush mounting body 12 and is provided with the oil filter port 33. The reset elastic element 29 is composed of the reset spring 30 and is installed between the adjusting rod 15 and the adjusting lead screw 10 and is installed through the sinking bolt 31.

[0052] Embodiment 4 With reference to Figure 7 , the application provides a kind of gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test method, which is based on the gap adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test test bench, comprising: The lubrication recovery mechanism recovers the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system, the positioning and leveling mechanism realizes initial centering, compensates for assembly errors, ensures the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and bearing bushing, calibrates the level, adjusts the levelness of the base, and eliminates the test deviation caused by gravity; and the wide-range adjustment and reset mechanism resets the centering after large gap adjustment, maintains the test accuracy; The driving system applies a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, thereby simulating the radial working load borne by the bearing; The main shaft excitation system tests the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; The bearing test system installs and locks the bushing of the measured sliding bearing; The measurement system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during operation, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics.

[0053] More specifically, the operation flow of the present application is as follows: Install the measured bushing to the gap adjustment block 27.

[0054] Install the gap adjustment block 27 into the bushing installation body 12, install the gap adjustment block 27 and the adjusting rod 15, tighten the locking screw 28, combine the two bushing installation bodies 12 into one, tighten the connecting bolt 22 through the installation body connecting block 21, and install it on the adjusting base 8. Use the electro-hydraulic servo valve 13 of the positioning and leveling mechanism to initially center and level.

[0055] According to the initial inner diameter of the measured bearing, install the adjusting slide rail 25 with the appropriate size, and connect it through the fixing pin 11 and the adjusting rod 15.

[0056] Adjust the adjusting screw 10 through electrical control, and accurately set the required bearing gap by observing the reading of the displacement sensor or using a feeler gauge.

[0057] The adjusting screw 10 needs to be operated in coordination to ensure the center position of the bushing.

[0058] Tighten the fixing bolt 24 to firmly lock the bushing installation body 12.

[0059] Start the test: rotate the main shaft, turn on the main shaft exciter 4, apply a radial load, collect sensor data, and perform performance testing.

[0060] If the gap needs to be changed, stop the machine, loosen the fixing bolt 24, adjust the adjusting screw 10 to set a new gap, and then lock it. The next test can be performed.

[0061] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A test rig for comprehensive performance test of a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing, characterized in that, The test bench body, the driving system, the main shaft vibration system, the bearing test system and the measuring system are included. The test bench body includes a lubricating oil recovery mechanism and a positioning and leveling mechanism, the lubricating oil recovery mechanism is used for recovering the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system, and the positioning and leveling mechanism is used for initial centering, compensating for assembly errors and ensuring the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and the bearing bushing. Horizontal calibration, adjusting the levelness of the base, eliminating the test deviation caused by gravity; And wide-range adjustment and then resetting, re-centering after large gap adjustment, maintaining the test accuracy; The driving system is used for applying a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, thereby simulating the radial working load borne by the bearing. The main shaft vibration system is used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor. The bearing test system is used for mounting the bearing bushing of the measured sliding bearing and locking. The measuring system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during operation, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics.

2. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubricating oil recovery system includes a small oil tank (14) and an oil filter hole (33), the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system is filtered through the oil filter hole (33) and flows into the small oil tank (14) under the action of gravity; the positioning and leveling mechanism includes an electro-hydraulic servo valve (13), an upper support rod (3), a lower support rod (6), an adjusting base (8) and a bearing bushing mounting body (12), the upper support rod (3) and the lower support rod (6) are controlled by the electro-hydraulic servo valve (13), thereby adjusting the relative position of the adjusting base (8) and the bearing bushing mounting body (12).

3. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving system is fixed in the test bench body, a loading motor (1) applies a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis as a power source through a shaft coupling (19), thereby simulating the radial working load borne by the bearing.

4. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft vibration system includes a vibration exciter (4) and a vibration exciter base (18), which is used for testing the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; when the main shaft rotates, the vibration exciter (4) applies periodic vibration to simulate the real mechanical vibration environment.

5. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical slide bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bearing test system includes a test mechanism, a precision displacement mechanism and a locking mechanism; the test mechanism includes an adjusting pad (9) fixedly installed on the adjusting base (8); a bearing bushing mounting body (12) arranged in the bearing seat is used for mounting the bearing bushing of the measured sliding bearing; the precision displacement mechanism is connected between the bearing bushing mounting bodies (12); the precision displacement mechanism is configured to drive the bearing bushing mounting bodies (12) to move radially in a plane perpendicular to the main shaft axis relative to the adjusting base (8) to change the radial gap between the measured bearing bushing and the main shaft; the locking mechanism is used for locking the bearing bushing mounting body on the adjusting base (8) after the precision displacement mechanism is adjusted in place.

6. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical slide bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The precision displacement mechanism is a ball screw pair driven by a servo motor; The precision displacement mechanism comprises four fine adjustment rod assemblies arranged along the circumferential direction; each fine adjustment rod assembly comprises an adjusting rod (15) and an adjusting screw (10); the adjusting screw (10) is precisely controlled by four adjusting screw controllers (16), and gap adjustment is synchronously performed to ensure centering; an adjusting pad (9) is connected with an adjusting slide rail (25), the adjusting rod (15) is arranged at the end of the adjusting screw (10) and in contact with a bearing bush mounting body (12); and the adjusting rod (15) can push the bearing bush mounting body (12) to move radially.

7. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical slide bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The precision displacement mechanism further comprises a reset elastic element (29) arranged between the adjusting rod (15) and the adjusting screw (10).

8. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical slide bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, A gap adjusting block (27) is arranged in the bearing bush mounting body (12) and connected with the adjusting rod (15) through a locking screw (28), and two bearing bush mounting bodies (12) are connected through a mounting body connecting block (21).

9. The test rig for comprehensive performance test of gap-adjustable vertical slide bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that, A guide mechanism is arranged between the gap adjusting block (27) and the adjusting base (8) to limit the movement of the gap adjusting block (27) along the preset radial direction; and the locking mechanism is a locking screw (28) which passes through the through hole of the gap adjusting block (27) and the adjusting rod (15) and is tightly pressed against the bearing bush mounting body (12).

10. A method for testing comprehensive performance of a gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing, characterized in that, The method is based on the gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test rig of any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises: The lubrication recovery mechanism recovers the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system, the positioning and leveling mechanism realizes initial centering, compensates for assembly errors, and ensures the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and the bearing bush; the horizontal calibration adjusts the levelness of the adjusting base, eliminates the test deviation caused by gravity, and resets after large-scale adjustment; the gap is adjusted and the test precision is maintained after large-scale adjustment; The driving system applies a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, thereby simulating the radial working load borne by the bearing; The main shaft excitation system tests the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; The bearing test system installs the bearing bush of the measured sliding bearing and locks it; The measurement system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during operation, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics. The precision displacement mechanism comprises four fine adjustment rod assemblies arranged along the circumferential direction; each fine adjustment rod assembly comprises an adjusting rod (15) and an adjusting screw (10); the adjusting screw (10) is precisely controlled by four adjusting screw controllers (16), and gap adjustment is synchronously performed to ensure centering; an adjusting pad (9) is connected with an adjusting slide rail (25), the adjusting rod (15) is arranged at the end of the adjusting screw (10) and in contact with a bearing bush mounting body (12); and the adjusting rod (15) can push the bearing bush mounting body (12) to move radially. The precision displacement mechanism further comprises a reset elastic element (29) arranged between the adjusting rod (15) and the adjusting screw (10). A gap adjusting block (27) is arranged in the bearing bush mounting body (12) and connected with the adjusting rod (15) through a locking screw (28), and two bearing bush mounting bodies (12) are connected through a mounting body connecting block (21). A guide mechanism is arranged between the gap adjusting block (27) and the adjusting base (8) to limit the movement of the gap adjusting block (27) along the preset radial direction; and the locking mechanism is a locking screw (28) which passes through the through hole of the gap adjusting block (27) and the adjusting rod (15) and is tightly pressed against the bearing bush mounting body (12). The method is based on the gap-adjustable vertical sliding bearing comprehensive performance test rig of any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises: The lubrication recovery mechanism recovers the lubricating oil overflowing from the bearing test system, the positioning and leveling mechanism realizes initial centering, compensates for assembly errors, and ensures the initial coaxiality of the main shaft and the bearing bush; the horizontal calibration adjusts the levelness of the adjusting base, eliminates the test deviation caused by gravity, and resets after large-scale adjustment; the gap is adjusted and the test precision is maintained after large-scale adjustment; The driving system applies a radial load perpendicular to the main shaft axis, thereby simulating the radial working load borne by the bearing; The main shaft excitation system tests the vibration performance and amplitude of the bearing rotor; The bearing test system installs the bearing bush of the measured sliding bearing and locks it; The measurement system comprehensively collects the dynamic parameters of the measured sliding bearing during operation, including friction, temperature rise, vibration and oil film characteristics.

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