A kind of positioning device for tooth alignment of plug cutting inner gear ring secondary clamping

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of inner gear ring processing equipment, and particularly relates to a secondary clamping tooth positioning device for an inserted cut inner gear ring, which comprises a base, a clamp provided on the base, a positioning sleeve matched with the clamp through a sliding bearing, and an elastic tooth positioning device matched with the positioning sleeve. The elastic tooth positioning device comprises a shell, a telescopic shaft provided in the shell, a cylindrical gauge bar and a drawing handle connected to the two ends of the telescopic shaft respectively, and the telescopic shaft comprises two parts of a thick shaft and a thin shaft, and a spring is sleeved on the thin shaft. The shell is connected with a turnover assembly, and the turnover assembly comprises a turnover plate and a turnover cylinder. The application has a reasonable structure, can accurately position the inner gear ring, ensures that the inner gear ring keeps the same phase when the inner gear ring needs to be clamped on the gear cutting machine for multiple times, improves the processing precision, reduces the waste rate, and is beneficial to batch production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of internal gear ring processing equipment, specifically, it relates to a secondary clamping and positioning device for shaping internal gear rings. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the three common machining methods for internal gear rings in China are gear shaping, broaching, and scraping. Among these, gear shaping is widely used because the equipment is widely available and the price of the equipment and cutting tools is the lowest among the three methods. Therefore, it is widely used in internal gear rings for engineering machinery and as a pre-machining method for grinding internal gear rings. However, in some internal gear ring structures, the inner groove or tooth flank cone needs to be shaped by gear shaping before being transferred to another machine for machining the inner groove or tooth flank cone structure in the next process. Then, the gear is shaped again to eliminate the cutting burrs or deformation caused by machining the inner groove or tooth flank cone, ensuring that the tooth direction and tooth shape accuracy of the internal gear meet the requirements. The machining process of this type of internal gear ring is as follows: gear shaping machine shaping of internal gear → milling of inner groove (or extrusion of inner tooth flank cone) → secondary shaping of internal gear to eliminate the tooth flank deformation caused by milling the inner groove or extrusion of the flank cone. In the aforementioned processing flow, ensuring the gear shaper cutter accurately aligns with the pre-machined tooth grooves of the internal gear ring during its secondary clamping on the gear shaper machine presents a significant technical challenge. If the relative positions of the tooth grooves cannot be precisely consistent each time the internal gear ring is clamped onto the gear shaper machine fixture, batch processing will be even more difficult to maintain consistent installation. This can lead to the previously shaped internal teeth being mistakenly cut by the gear shaper cutter during subsequent shaping operations, a phenomenon commonly known as "tooth misalignment." Once a product is mistakenly cut, it is essentially scrapped, resulting in substantial losses. To address this issue, existing technologies often employ laser ranging for tooth alignment. However, since most CNC gear shapers still use cutting fluid for cooling during the shaping process, the related lenses become contaminated with the cutting fluid, leading to a relatively high misjudgment rate. This method is ineffective on most wet-cut CNC gear shapers. Therefore, designing a secondary clamping and tooth alignment positioning device for shaping internal gear rings is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to design a secondary clamping and tooth positioning device for a planing internal gear ring, including a base, a clamp on the base, a positioning sleeve in cooperation with the clamp via a sliding bearing, and an elastic tooth positioning device in cooperation with the positioning sleeve.

[0004] The elastic tooth-aligning device includes a housing, and a telescopic shaft is provided inside the housing. The two ends of the telescopic shaft extend out of the housing and are respectively connected to a cylindrical measuring rod and a pulling handle. A limiting pin is provided on the telescopic shaft between the housing and the pulling handle. The telescopic shaft inside the housing includes two parts: a thick shaft and a thin shaft. One end of the thin shaft extends out of the housing and is connected to the limiting pin. A spring is sleeved on the thin shaft.

[0005] The housing is connected to a flipping assembly, which includes a flipping plate and a flipping cylinder. One end of the flipping plate is connected to the housing, and the other end of the flipping plate is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to a fixed plate through a bearing. The connecting shaft is connected to the flipping cylinder, and the fixed plate is mounted on a fixture.

[0006] It should be noted that the elastic gear-setting device fully utilizes the special structure of the internal gear ring. After the inner groove or tooth flank of the internal gear ring is machined with a tapered incision, a portion of the effective tooth flank remains. The length of the cylindrical measuring rod accounts for 80% of the length of this remaining effective tooth flank. This cylindrical measuring rod can fully contact the vicinity of the pitch circle of the internal gear ring. Driven by the spring force, the cylindrical measuring rod enters the tooth groove of the internal gear ring and, through sliding contact with the tooth flank, ultimately positions itself against the tooth flank at the pitch circle of the internal gear ring. This ensures that the internal gear ring of the product being processed is accurately fixed in the same phase each time it is clamped. The outer circle of the positioning sleeve and the fixture are fitted with a sliding bearing. After the internal gear ring of the product being processed is placed inside the positioning sleeve, it is then moved up and down on the gear-setting machine. The inner hole of the positioning sleeve and the outer circle of the internal gear ring of the product being processed have a small clearance fit, thus enabling the internal gear ring of the product being processed to rotate freely under the drive of the elastic gear-setting device. This also improves the efficiency of the operator in installing and removing the product during the production process, thereby increasing production efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, the fixture includes a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with a mounting sleeve. The outer circle of the positioning sleeve and the inner hole of the mounting sleeve are engaged by a sliding bearing, so that the positioning sleeve can be flexibly removed from the mounting sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the clamp is connected to the base via a fine-tuning component, which includes a positioning plate and a rotating plate. The positioning plate is fixed on the base and has multiple positioning holes evenly arranged circumferentially on it. The center of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the center of the positioning plate via a bearing. The rotating plate is provided with positioning pins that mate with the positioning holes. The mounting plate is fixed on the rotating plate, and the fixing plate is fixed on the mounting plate.

[0009] It should be noted that after the elastic tooth alignment, the locating plate utilizes evenly distributed, calculated locating holes. The spacing of these holes is calculated; for example, if the tooth thickness at the pitch circle of the internal gear ring is 0.02mm, or 0.01mm on one side of the tooth profile, this allows for adjustment of the machining allowance on the left and right sides when a discrepancy is found in the machining of the left and right tooth sides. The locating pin is then removed, and the rotating plate rotates, causing the internal gear ring to rotate. The required number of holes is used to adjust the machining allowance on the left and right sides: 1 hole for 0.01mm, 2 holes for 0.02mm, 3 holes for 0.03mm, and so on, increasing sequentially. During initial machining, the locating pin is inserted into the central locating hole of the locating plate. Ten locating holes are then set on either side of the central locating hole, providing a 0.01-0.1mm fine-tuning function for the right and right tooth surfaces of the internal gear ring. After rotating the rotating plate to the desired locating hole, simply inserting the locating pin again locks the fixture in the circumferential direction.

[0010] Preferably, the spacing between adjacent positioning holes is 0.01 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning holes are provided with 21 holes.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning sleeve is equipped with a clamping device, which includes a pressure block, a vertical telescopic rod, and a rotating device. One end of the pressure block engages with the positioning sleeve, and the other end is connected to the rotating device. The rotating device is connected to the telescopic end of the vertical telescopic rod. After the elastic tooth-aligning device completes the tooth-aligning positioning, the clamping device is activated to clamp the internal gear ring of the product to be processed. After clamping, the elastic tooth-aligning device is flipped by the flipping component and moves away from the internal processing area of ​​the internal gear ring. The gear cutter then starts processing the internal gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, the vertical telescopic rod is a telescopic cylinder, an electric push rod, or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating device is a 90° rotating cylinder or a 90° rotating hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] This invention also includes other components that enable the secondary clamping and positioning device for shaping internal gear rings to function properly, such as control components for the gear shaping machine, control components for the tilting cylinder, control components for the vertical telescopic rod, control components for the 90° rotating cylinder, and control components for the 90° rotating hydraulic cylinder, all of which are conventional technologies in the field. Furthermore, devices or components not limited in this invention, such as springs, 90° rotating cylinders, 90° rotating hydraulic cylinders, tilting cylinders, gear shaping cutters, sliding bearings, limit pins, positioning pins, and gear shaping machines, all employ conventional technologies and equipment in the field.

[0016] Working principle: After the internal gear ring of the product to be processed is installed in the positioning sleeve, it is placed in the mounting sleeve of the gear shaping machine. Then, the rotating cylinder rotates to make the elastic tooth setting device rotate and enter the internal gear ring. At this time, the cylindrical measuring bar slides in contact with the tooth side of the internal gear ring. The positioning sleeve is rotated so that the cylindrical measuring bar enters the tooth groove of the internal gear ring under the elastic drive and abuts against the tooth side at the pitch circle of the internal gear ring to complete the positioning. Then, the clamping device is activated to clamp the internal gear ring of the product to be processed. After clamping, the elastic tooth setting device rotates again and leaves the internal processing area of ​​the internal gear ring. The gear shaping cutter of the gear shaping machine starts to start the secondary internal gear shaping process.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: its reasonable structure allows for precise positioning of internal gear rings for machining inverted cones or milling internal grooves, ensuring that the internal gear ring remains in the same phase when it needs to be clamped multiple times on the gear shaper, thus improving machining accuracy, reducing scrap rate, and facilitating mass production; it greatly reduces manufacturing costs, expands the machining range of CNC gear shapers, and is particularly suitable for machining large-diameter products. Compared with laser ranging tooth setting, the mechanical elastic tooth setting device has higher reliability, lower failure rate, lower requirements for the machining environment, and is easy to use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a secondary clamping and positioning device for a planing internal gear ring in the embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the positioning plate in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flexible toothed device;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gear shaping cutter in the embodiment.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Positioning plate; 3. Positioning hole; 4. Positioning pin; 5. Rotating plate; 6. Gear cutter; 7. Mounting sleeve; 8. Positioning sleeve; 9. Internal gear ring; 10. Housing; 11. Flipping plate; 12. Fixing plate; 13. Flipping cylinder; 14. Vertical telescopic rod; 15. Pressure block; 16. Cylindrical measuring bar; 17. Telescopic shaft; 18. Spring; 19. Pull handle; 20. Limit pin; 21. Mounting plate. Detailed implementation methods;

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment proposes a secondary clamping and positioning device for cutting internal gear rings, including a base 1, a clamp on the base 1, the clamp including a mounting plate 21, a mounting sleeve 7 on the mounting plate 21, the outer circle of the positioning sleeve 8 and the inner hole of the mounting sleeve 7 are engaged by a sliding bearing, so that the positioning sleeve 8 can be flexibly removed from the mounting sleeve 7, and the positioning sleeve 8 is equipped with an elastic tooth-aligning device.

[0028] The elastic tooth-aligning device includes a housing 10, within which a telescopic shaft 17 is provided. Both ends of the telescopic shaft 17 extend from the housing 10 and are respectively connected to a cylindrical measuring rod 16 and a pulling handle 19. A limiting pin 20 is provided on the telescopic shaft 17 between the housing 10 and the pulling handle 19. The telescopic shaft 17 within the housing 10 includes a thick shaft and a thin shaft. One end of the thin shaft extends out of the housing 10 and connects to the limiting pin 20. A spring 18 is sleeved on the thin shaft. Figure 4 As shown, driven by the elastic force of spring 18, telescopic shaft 17 is at its leftmost limit position. The cylindrical measuring rod 16, after being compressed by the internal teeth, moves to the right. Here, the cylindrical measuring rod 16, through calculation and selection of a suitable diameter, achieves precise positioning of the elastic tooth-aligning device at the pitch circle position of the internal gear ring 9. By pulling the pull handle 19, the limitation of the cylindrical measuring rod 16 on the internal gear ring 9 can be released.

[0029] The housing 10 is connected to a flipping assembly, which includes a flipping plate 11 and a flipping cylinder 13. One end of the flipping plate 11 is connected to the housing 10, and the other end of the flipping plate 11 is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to a fixing plate 12 through a bearing. The connecting shaft is connected to the flipping cylinder 13, and the fixing plate 12 is fixed to the mounting plate 21 by bolts.

[0030] The flexible gear-aligning device fully utilizes the special structure of the internal gear ring 9. After the inner groove or tooth flank of the internal gear ring 9 is machined with a tapered inverted shape, a portion of the effective tooth flank remains. The cylindrical measuring rod 16 accounts for 80% of the length of this remaining effective tooth flank. The cylindrical measuring rod 16 can fully contact the area near the pitch circle of the internal gear ring 9. Driven by the elastic force of the spring 18, the cylindrical measuring rod 16 enters the tooth groove of the internal gear ring 9 and, through sliding contact with the tooth flank, ultimately positions itself against the tooth flank at the pitch circle of the internal gear ring 9. This ensures that the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed is accurately fixed in the same phase each time it is clamped. The outer circle of the positioning sleeve 8 is fitted to the fixture via a sliding bearing. After the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed is placed inside the positioning sleeve 8, it is then moved up and down on the gear-shaping machine. The inner hole of the positioning sleeve 8 and the outer circle of the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed are fitted with a small clearance, thus enabling the internal gear ring 9 of the product to rotate freely under the drive of the flexible gear-aligning device. This also improves the efficiency of the operator in installing and removing the product during production, thereby increasing production efficiency.

[0031] The fixture is connected to the base 1 via a fine-tuning assembly, which includes a positioning plate 2 and a rotating plate 5. The positioning plate 2 is fixed on the base 1, and 21 positioning holes 3 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the positioning plate 2, with a spacing of 0.01 mm between adjacent positioning holes 3. The center of the rotating plate 5 is rotatably connected to the center of the positioning plate 2 via a bearing. The rotating plate is provided with positioning pins 4 that cooperate with the positioning holes 3. The mounting plate 21 is fixed on the rotating plate, and the fixing plate 12 is fixed on the mounting plate 21. After the teeth are aligned elastically, the positioning plate 2 is used to evenly distribute the calculated positioning holes 3 around its circumference. The spacing of these positioning holes 3 is calculated, for example, if the tooth thickness at the pitch circle of the inner gear ring 9 is 0.02mm, that is, 0.01mm on one side of the tooth profile, then when a difference in machining is found between the left and right sides of the teeth, the positioning pin 4 is pulled out and the rotating plate is rotated to rotate the inner gear ring 9 of the workpiece. The machining allowance on the left and right sides of the teeth is adjusted by the number of holes required for rotation: 1 hole spacing is 0.01mm, 2 holes spacing is 0.02mm, 3 holes spacing is 0.03mm, and so on. During the initial machining, the positioning pin 4 is inserted into the middle positioning hole 3 of the positioning plate 2. Thus, 10 positioning holes 3 are set on both sides of the middle positioning hole 3, which means that there is a fine adjustment function of 0.01-0.1mm for the right and right tooth surfaces of the inner gear ring 9. After rotating the rotating plate to the required positioning hole 3, simply insert the positioning pin 4 again, and the fixture will lock the circumferential rotation.

[0032] The positioning sleeve 8 is equipped with a clamping device, which includes a pressure block 15, a vertical telescopic rod 14, and a rotating device. One end of the pressure block 15 engages with the positioning sleeve 8, and the other end is connected to the rotating device. The rotating device is connected to the telescopic end of the vertical telescopic rod 14, and the fixed end of the vertical telescopic rod 14 is fixed to the rotating plate 5. After the elastic tooth-aligning device completes the tooth-aligning positioning, the clamping device is activated to clamp the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed. After clamping, the elastic tooth-aligning device is flipped by the flipping component and moves away from the internal processing area of ​​the internal gear ring 9. The gear cutter 6 then starts to process the internal gear ring 9. The vertical telescopic rod 14 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the rotating device is a 90° rotary cylinder.

[0033] During operation, the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed is placed into the mounting sleeve 7 of the gear shaping machine after being inserted into the positioning sleeve 8. Then, the tilting cylinder 13 tilts the product to make the elastic tooth-aligning device tilt into the internal gear ring 9. At this time, the cylindrical measuring rod 16 slides into contact with the tooth side of the internal gear ring 9. The positioning sleeve 8 is rotated so that the cylindrical measuring rod 16 enters the tooth groove of the internal gear ring 9 under the elastic drive and abuts against the tooth side at the pitch circle of the internal gear ring 9 to complete the positioning. Then, the clamping device is activated to clamp the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed. Specifically, the 90° rotating cylinder drives the pressure plate to rotate so that one end of the pressure plate is above the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed. Then, the vertical telescopic rod 14 retracts and the pressure plate clamps the internal gear ring 9 of the product to be processed. The elastic tooth-aligning device tilts again and leaves the internal processing area of ​​the internal gear ring 9. The gear shaping cutter 6 of the gear shaping machine is activated to start the secondary internal gear shaping process.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that another basic task for internal gear machining after the internal gear ring is clamped for the second time is: when customizing the gear shaping cutter, a positioning keyway is added to the mounting hole of the gear shaping cutter to ensure that the relative position error between the tooth profile of each cutter and the internal gear keyway is controlled within 0.01 mm, so that different gear shaping cutters or re-grinding gear shaping cutters are still in the same phase when reinstalled, further improving the machining accuracy.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A secondary clamping and positioning device for a planer internal gear ring, comprising a base, wherein a clamp is provided on the base, characterized in that, The clamp is fitted with a positioning sleeve via a sliding bearing, and the positioning sleeve is fitted with an elastic tooth-matching device. The elastic tooth-aligning device includes a housing, and a telescopic shaft is provided inside the housing. The two ends of the telescopic shaft extend out of the housing and are respectively connected to a cylindrical measuring rod and a pulling handle. A limiting pin is provided on the telescopic shaft between the housing and the pulling handle. The telescopic shaft inside the housing includes two parts: a thick shaft and a thin shaft. One end of the thin shaft extends out of the housing and is connected to the limiting pin. A spring is sleeved on the thin shaft. The housing is connected to a flipping assembly, which includes a flipping plate and a flipping cylinder. One end of the flipping plate is connected to the housing, and the other end of the flipping plate is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to a fixed plate through a bearing. The connecting shaft is connected to the flipping cylinder, and the fixed plate is mounted on a clamp. The fixture includes a mounting plate, on which a mounting sleeve is provided, and the outer circle of the positioning sleeve and the inner hole of the mounting sleeve are engaged by a sliding bearing; The clamp is connected to the base via a fine-tuning assembly, which includes a positioning plate and a rotating plate. The positioning plate is fixed on the base and has multiple positioning holes evenly arranged along the circumference. The center of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the center of the positioning plate via a bearing. The rotating plate is provided with positioning pins that mate with the positioning holes. The mounting plate is fixed on the rotating plate, and the fixing plate is fixed on the mounting plate. The positioning sleeve is fitted with a clamping device, which includes a pressure block, a vertical telescopic rod, and a rotating device. One end of the pressure block is fitted with the positioning sleeve, and the other end of the pressure block is connected to the rotating device. The rotating device is connected to the telescopic end of the vertical telescopic rod.

2. The secondary clamping and positioning device for a planing internal gear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 21 positioning holes.

3. The secondary clamping and positioning device for a planing internal gear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical telescopic rod is a telescopic cylinder, an electric push rod, or a hydraulic cylinder.

4. The secondary clamping and positioning device for a planing internal gear ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating device is a 90° rotating cylinder or a 90° rotating hydraulic cylinder.

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