A hydrogen thyratron intelligent heating control method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a hydrogen thyratron intelligent heating control method, device, equipment and storage medium, and relates to the controllable nuclear fusion technical field.The method comprises the following steps: firstly, real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron is acquired and is converted into representative temperature voltage data;secondly, optimal voltage data corresponding to optimal working temperature is preset, and closed-loop control voltage data is determined based on the representative temperature voltage data and the optimal voltage data;thirdly, real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron is acquired, preset heating initial voltage data is combined with the closed-loop control voltage data, the real-time voltage data and the heating initial voltage data to determine closed-loop output current data;finally, real-time current data of the hydrogen thyratron is acquired, a control signal is determined based on the closed-loop output current data and the real-time current data, and the heating power voltage is adjusted through the control signal, so that stable control of the optimal working temperature of the hydrogen thyratron is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of controlled nuclear fusion technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for intelligent heating control of hydrogen thyratrons. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen thyratrons, as gas switches with high current-carrying capacity, high operating voltage, and fast turn-on speed, are widely used in high-voltage pulse power applications. When a hydrogen thyratron is in operation, a heating voltage is first applied to the heating power supply for a period of time to raise the temperature of the hydrogen storage chamber inside the thyratron, causing the hydrogen reservoir to release hydrogen gas and thus increasing the gas pressure inside the tube. After the gas pressure inside the hydrogen thyratron increases, applying a low trigger voltage to the trigger electrode will switch the thyratron from an insulating state to a conducting state. Once the hydrogen thyratron is conducting, it will automatically turn off when the current flowing through it is insufficient to sustain the plasma discharge.

[0003] The heating voltage plays a crucial role in the conduction process of a hydrogen thyratron. If the heating voltage is too low, the gas inside the thyratron will not be sufficiently heated, and the thyratron will fail to conduct even with the correct trigger pulse. Conversely, if the heating voltage is too high, the gas inside the thyratron will overheat, potentially causing the thyratron to flash over prematurely before the trigger pulse arrives. Both excessively low and excessively high heating voltages affect the reliability of the hydrogen thyratron's timely and proper conduction.

[0004] Existing technologies for controlling hydrogen thyratron heating mostly rely on manual open-loop adjustment or simple mechanical control, which results in low adjustment accuracy and slow response speed, making it difficult to meet the requirements for precise and efficient control of hydrogen thyratrons. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, device and storage medium for intelligent heating control of hydrogen thyratrons, which can solve the problem that the existing technology for controlling the heating of hydrogen thyratrons mostly relies on manual open-loop adjustment or simple mechanical control, which has low adjustment accuracy and slow response speed, making it difficult to meet the needs for precise and efficient control of hydrogen thyratrons.

[0006] This application provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for intelligent heating control of hydrogen thyratrons. The following description covers various aspects of this application, and the embodiments and beneficial effects described below can be referenced interchangeably.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for intelligent heating control of a hydrogen thyratron, comprising:

[0008] Acquire real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron and convert the real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0009] Based on representative temperature and voltage data, the analog voltage quantity used in the voltage regulation process is obtained;

[0010] Convert the analog voltage quantity into a first analog current quantity for use in the current regulation circuit;

[0011] A control signal is generated based on the first analog current to adjust the heating voltage of the heating power supply for the hydrogen thyratron. The magnitude of the heating voltage is controlled based on the control signal to ensure that the hydrogen thyratron is always at its optimal operating temperature.

[0012] According to the intelligent heating control method for hydrogen thyratrons of the present invention, since the time scales of temperature change, voltage change and current change are different, the response speed of temperature change is the slowest and the response speed of current change is the fastest. By converting temperature into an analog voltage quantity, then converting the analog voltage quantity into an analog current quantity, and finally generating a control signal based on the analog current quantity to control the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron, this method not only avoids relying on manual open-loop adjustment or simple mechanical control to adjust the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron, but also converts the real-time temperature of the hydrogen thyratron into an analog current quantity and implements heating voltage control of the heating power supply based on the analog current quantity, which can greatly improve the adjustment accuracy and response speed of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, obtaining the analog voltage quantity for the voltage regulation stage based on representative temperature and voltage data includes: acquiring the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron; obtaining a first voltage difference based on the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature and the representative temperature and voltage data; and obtaining the analog voltage quantity based on the first voltage difference.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, converting the analog voltage quantity into a first analog current quantity for the current regulation circuit includes: acquiring the initial value of the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron and the real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron; obtaining a second voltage difference based on the analog voltage quantity, the initial value of the heating voltage, and the real-time voltage data; and obtaining the first analog current quantity based on the second voltage difference.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, generating a control signal for adjusting the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron based on a first analog current quantity includes: acquiring real-time current data of the hydrogen thyratron; obtaining a current difference based on the first analog current quantity and the real-time current data; obtaining a second analog current quantity based on the current difference; and generating a control signal based on the second analog current quantity.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, converting real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron includes: converting real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron through a resistor voltage divider circuit.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, generating a control signal based on a second analog current quantity includes: using the second analog current quantity as an input to a pulse width modulation controller to obtain a control signal.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the control signal is further filtered.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a smart heating control device for a hydrogen thyratron, comprising:

[0020] The temperature conversion module is used to acquire the real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron and convert the real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0021] The voltage correction module is used to obtain the analog voltage quantity for the voltage regulation stage based on representative temperature and voltage data.

[0022] The current correction module is used to convert the analog voltage quantity into a first analog current quantity for the current regulation circuit.

[0023] The control module is used to generate a control signal for adjusting the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron based on the first analog current quantity, and to control the magnitude of the heating voltage based on the control signal so that the hydrogen thyratron is always at the optimal operating temperature.

[0024] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor; and a memory, wherein computer program instructions are stored in the memory, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to perform the methods disclosed in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0025] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the methods disclosed in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0026] Fifthly, this application discloses an apparatus comprising:

[0027] Memory, used to store instructions executed by one or more processors of the device, and

[0028] The processor is one of the processors of the device, used to execute the methods disclosed in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the intelligent heating control method for hydrogen thyratron according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a model diagram of the intelligent heating control system for hydrogen thyratrons according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of step S120 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of step S130 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of step S140 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of a SoC (System on Chip) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this invention, the technical problem to be solved by this invention will be explained first.

[0038] Hydrogen thyratrons are commonly used gas switches in high-voltage pulsed power applications, offering advantages such as strong current-carrying capacity, high operating voltage, and fast turn-on speed. By first applying a heating voltage to the heating power supply, the internal hydrogen storage chamber heats up and releases hydrogen, increasing the gas pressure inside the tube. Then, applying a low trigger voltage to the trigger electrode enables conduction. It automatically turns off when the current is insufficient to sustain plasma discharge.

[0039] In hydrogen thyratron conduction, insufficient heating voltage leads to inadequate gas heating, preventing conduction even with the correct trigger pulse; excessive heating voltage causes gas overheating, potentially causing premature conduction before the trigger pulse arrives. Both factors affect the reliability of timely conduction. Therefore, precise control of the heating voltage is necessary.

[0040] Currently, hydrogen thyratron heating control largely relies on manual open-loop adjustment or simple mechanical control, which suffers from low adjustment accuracy and slow response speed, making it difficult to meet the requirements for precise and efficient control. Therefore, how to achieve high-precision control of hydrogen thyratron heating has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0041] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an intelligent heating control method for a hydrogen thyratron. This method acquires real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron, converts the real-time temperature into an analog voltage, then converts the analog voltage into an analog current, and finally generates a control signal based on the analog current to control the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply. This achieves closed-loop control of the hydrogen thyratron while ensuring it remains at its optimal operating temperature. This not only avoids reliance on manual open-loop adjustment or simple mechanical control to regulate the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply, but also significantly improves the accuracy and response speed of temperature regulation by converting the real-time temperature of the hydrogen thyratron into an analog current and controlling the heating voltage based on this analog current.

[0042] The intelligent heating control method for hydrogen thyratron of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A flowchart of the intelligent heating control method for hydrogen thyristor tubes according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A model diagram of the intelligent heating control system for hydrogen thyratron tubes according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes steps S110-S140.

[0045] S110: Acquire the real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron and convert it into representative temperature-voltage data for the hydrogen thyratron. This step is related to... Figure 2 This corresponds to step a in the middle.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in the implementation of this invention, in step a, the real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron is converted into representative temperature and voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron by the temperature-voltage conversion unit. Step S110 will be described in detail below.

[0047] Understandably, the temperature signal is converted into a voltage signal to adapt to the processing logic of the electronic control system. By converting the real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron into representative temperature-voltage data, the response to temperature changes in the hydrogen thyratron is transformed into a response to voltage changes.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, real-time temperature data is converted into representative temperature and voltage data of the hydrogen thyristor using a resistor voltage divider circuit.

[0049] Understandably, the resistor voltage divider circuit utilizes the temperature-sensitive resistor's resistance change characteristics with temperature, and indirectly converts the resistance change of the thermistor into representative temperature voltage data of the hydrogen thyristor through Ohm's law and the voltage divider principle.

[0050] By precisely designing the parameters of the resistor voltage divider circuit and combining them with a clear conversion formula, the linearity and accuracy of the temperature-voltage mapping are ensured, providing reliable raw data for subsequent control.

[0051] Because a resistive voltage divider circuit only requires connecting a fixed resistor and a thermistor in series to obtain the voltage divider resistor, which is then connected to the input power supply, the real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron is measured using the thermistor. Representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron is obtained by measuring the voltage at the output of the voltage divider resistor. Its advantages include a simple structure, low cost, no additional heat interference, and no distortion of the measured real-time temperature data.

[0052] In some embodiments, real-time temperature data can be converted into representative temperature and voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron by combining a resistance temperature detector (RTD) with a bridge circuit.

[0053] Understandably, the combination of a thermistor and a bridge circuit involves placing a thermistor in close contact with the hydrogen thyratron to measure its real-time temperature. This thermistor, along with three other fixed resistors, serves as the resistance arms of the bridge circuit. One diagonal of the bridge is connected to a DC power supply, and the other diagonal serves as the output terminal. By measuring the voltage at the output terminal, the representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron is obtained. Because the bridge circuit can compensate for power supply fluctuations and wire resistance, the measured real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron has a small error. The resistance of the thermistor itself has a linear relationship with temperature, and the bridge output voltage also changes linearly with temperature, eliminating the need for complex calibration in subsequent calculations and simplifying data processing.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula for the resistor voltage divider circuit is as follows:

[0055]

[0056] in, V out （t） The data represents the temperature and voltage of the hydrogen thyratron at time t. V ref This is the reference power supply voltage data for the voltage divider circuit. R f For a voltage divider circuit, a fixed current-limiting resistor is used. R 0 This is the nominal resistance value of the temperature sensing element at 0 degrees Celsius. α The temperature coefficient of resistance of the temperature sensing element. T(t)Let t be the actual temperature of the hydrogen thyratron. t This is a time parameter.

[0057] In some embodiments, the temperature-sensitive resistor in the resistive voltage divider circuit is a PT100 resistor or an NTC resistor, etc.

[0058] It is understandable that the temperature changes of the hydrogen thyratron can be captured in real time by directly contacting the temperature-sensitive resistor on the surface of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0059] S120, based on representative temperature and voltage data, obtains the analog voltage quantity used in the voltage regulation stage. This step is related to... Figure 2 This corresponds to step b in the middle.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, in the implementation process of this invention, in step b, the representative temperature and voltage data output by the temperature-to-voltage conversion unit, and the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron (i.e., V) are used. set-temp The difference between the two is calculated, and then the difference is input to the proportional-integral controller, which processes the voltage analog quantity to obtain the voltage analog quantity.

[0061] Understandably, converting the voltage signal related to the temperature of the hydrogen thyratron into a quantized command that can be directly used for voltage regulation builds a bridge between temperature feedback and voltage control, ensuring that the voltage regulation process can accurately respond to temperature changes.

[0062] S130 converts the analog voltage signal into a first analog current signal for use in the current regulation circuit. Step S130 is related to... Figure 2 This corresponds to step c in the middle.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, in the implementation process of this invention, in step c, the real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron is obtained through a voltage sensor, and the initial value of the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron (i.e., V) is obtained. set-heat ), and based on the analog voltage and the initial value of the heating voltage (i.e., V). set-heat The second voltage difference is obtained by combining the real-time voltage data with the input of the second proportional-integral controller to obtain the first analog current.

[0064] It is understandable that converting voltage commands into current commands can improve the current drive characteristics of the heating power supply adapted to the hydrogen thyratron, making the control commands closer to the needs of the execution end, while improving the response speed of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0065] S140: Based on the first analog current, a control signal is generated to adjust the heating voltage of the heating power supply for the hydrogen thyratron. The magnitude of the heating voltage is controlled based on this control signal to ensure the hydrogen thyratron is always at its optimal operating temperature. This step is related to... Figure 2 This corresponds to step d in the middle section.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, in the implementation process of this invention, in step d, the real-time current data of the hydrogen thyratron is obtained by a current sensor. Based on the analog current and the real-time current data, the current difference between the two is calculated. The current difference is then used as the input of the current PI controller to obtain the second analog current. Finally, the second analog current is used as the input of the PWM controller to obtain the control signal for adjusting the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0067] Understandably, the first analog current quantity serves as a crucial bridge connecting the voltage regulation requirements with the final heating voltage control. It visualizes the voltage regulation required for temperature stabilization as an executable current regulation parameter, and is a key intermediate instruction for achieving closed-loop temperature control, ensuring the effective transmission of regulation logic from the temperature target to the actual heating control.

[0068] Below, on Figure 1 Steps S120-S140 are further explained in detail.

[0069] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A flowchart of step S120 of an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein step S120 includes:

[0070] S121, obtain the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0071] S122, based on the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature and the voltage data of the representative temperature, obtain the first voltage difference.

[0072] S123, based on the first voltage difference, obtain the analog voltage quantity.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the voltage data representing the temperature from the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature. The first voltage difference is then used as the input of the first proportional-integral controller to obtain the analog voltage quantity.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula for calculating the analog voltage is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] in, V cl （t）Let be the analog voltage at time t. K p This refers to the proportional coefficient in the first proportional-integral controller. K i The integral coefficient in the first proportional-integral controller. V set-temp This represents the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature. t For time parameters, x For time integration variables, V out (t) represents the representative temperature and voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron at time t above. The data represents the temperature and voltage of the hydrogen thyratron at time x.

[0077] Understandably, the first-ever closed-loop logic of temperature feedback and voltage regulation breaks through the limitation of traditional open-loop control being unable to correct deviations, ensuring that the temperature of the hydrogen thyratron converges to the optimal value; the integral action of the first proportional-integral controller (PI controller) can completely eliminate temperature deviations, solving the problem of temperature stabilization at non-optimal values ​​in traditional control; the proportional action can quickly respond to temperature fluctuations, shorten the adjustment time, and improve the system's adaptability to dynamic changes.

[0078] In embodiments of the present invention, when the aforementioned analog voltage is higher than a preset maximum voltage value or lower than a preset minimum voltage value, the hydrogen thyratron control system corrects the analog voltage using an anti-saturation integral algorithm to maintain the analog voltage between the maximum and minimum voltage values. This prevents the analog voltage from being too high, which would cause the generated control signal to control the output voltage of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply to be too high, resulting in excessively high operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron and damage. Conversely, it prevents the analog voltage from being too low, which would cause the generated control signal to control the output voltage of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply to be too low, resulting in excessively low operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron and failure to conduct. This improves the reliability and safety of the system. By incorporating the anti-saturation integral algorithm, the hydrogen thyratron control system maintains a fast and delay-free dynamic response performance under limited conditions.

[0079] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A flowchart of step S130 of an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein step S130 includes:

[0080] S131, acquire the initial value of the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron and the real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present invention, real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron can be obtained through a voltage sensor.

[0082] S132, based on the analog voltage, the initial value of the heating voltage, and the real-time voltage data, obtains the second voltage difference.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, the analog voltage is accumulated to the initial value of the heating voltage to obtain the accumulated voltage value, and then the difference between the accumulated voltage and the real-time voltage data is calculated to obtain the second voltage difference value.

[0084] It is understandable that by accumulating the analog voltage to the initial value of the heating voltage to generate a dynamic target voltage reference (accumulated voltage value), and then comparing it with the real-time voltage data to obtain the second voltage difference, the essence is to construct a quantitative index of the deviation between the dynamic target value and the actual value, so as to provide a precise deviation basis for subsequent current adjustment.

[0085] S133, based on the second voltage difference, obtain the first analog current quantity.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second voltage difference is used as the input of the second proportional-integral controller to obtain the first analog current quantity.

[0087] It is understandable that using the second voltage difference as input, the second proportional-integral (PI) controller generates the first analog current quantity. Essentially, this converts the voltage deviation into a current regulation command, realizing the link transmission from voltage control to current control. The PI controller responds quickly to the voltage deviation through the proportional element (the larger the deviation, the stronger the current regulation command), and eliminates static deviation through the integral element (to prevent the voltage from deviating from the target value for a long time). Finally, the output analog current quantity directly guides the subsequent current regulation.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula for calculating the first analog current is:

[0089]

[0090] in, I cl （t） Let be the first analog current at time t. K p2 This refers to the proportional coefficient in the second proportional-integral controller. V set-heat This is the initial value of the heating voltage. V real （t） Here is the real-time voltage data at time t. K i2 The integral coefficient in the second proportional-integral controller. t For time parameters, x For time integration variables, V cl （x） Let x be the analog voltage at time x.V real （x） This represents the real-time voltage data at time x.

[0091] It is understandable that by adding a voltage-current secondary closed loop on the basis of the temperature-voltage closed loop, the control can be transformed from temperature-based control to voltage-based control and then to current-based control, thereby further refining the control granularity of the control system for the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0092] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A flowchart of step S140 of an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein step S140 includes:

[0093] S141, acquire real-time current data of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0094] S142, based on the first analog current and real-time current data, obtain the current difference.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present invention, the analog current quantity is subtracted from the real-time current data to obtain the current difference value.

[0096] Understandably, the current difference directly reflects the gap between the current actual current and the target current to be achieved (a positive difference indicates that the actual current is lower than the target; a negative difference indicates that the actual current is higher than the target). This quantification result serves as the initial signal for subsequent precise current adjustment, ensuring that the adjustment direction (increasing / decreasing current) and magnitude are supported by clear data.

[0097] S143, based on the current difference, obtain the second analog current quantity.

[0098] In an embodiment of the present invention, the current difference is used as the input of a third proportional-integral controller to obtain a second analog current quantity.

[0099] In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula for calculating the second analog current is:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, I out (t) represents the second analog current at time t, and K p3 I is the proportional coefficient of the third proportional-integral controller. cl (t) represents the first analog current at time t, I real (t) represents the real-time current data at time t, and K i3 Here, t is the integral coefficient of the third proportional-integral controller, x is the time parameter, and I is the time integral variable. cl (x) represents the first analog current at time x, I real(x) represents the real-time current data at time x.

[0102] Understandably, the third proportional-integral (PI) controller takes the current difference as input, responds quickly to the deviation through the proportional element, and eliminates the static deviation by combining it with the integral element, ultimately outputting the second analog current quantity. This process essentially involves dynamically correcting and optimizing the current deviation, transforming the original deviation signal into a smoother and more precise current regulation command, laying the foundation for the generation of the final control signal.

[0103] In embodiments of the present invention, when the aforementioned second analog current is higher than a preset maximum current value or lower than a preset minimum current value, the hydrogen thyratron control system corrects the second analog current using an anti-saturation integral algorithm to keep it between the maximum and minimum current values. This prevents the second analog current from being too high, which would cause the output voltage of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply to be too high, resulting in an excessively high operating temperature and damage to the thyratron. Conversely, it prevents the second analog current from being too low, which would cause the output voltage of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply to be too low, resulting in an excessively low operating temperature and failure to conduct. This improves the reliability and safety of the system. By incorporating the anti-saturation integral algorithm, the hydrogen thyratron control system maintains a fast and delay-free dynamic response performance under limited conditions.

[0104] S144 generates a control signal based on the second analog current quantity.

[0105] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second analog current is used as the input of the pulse width modulation controller to obtain a control signal.

[0106] It should be noted that the aforementioned control signals may include duty cycle adjustment instructions. These instructions may include a command from the PWM controller to increase the duty cycle if the second analog current reading indicates that the actual current is less than the target current. For example, if the original PWM pulse duty cycle was 30% (i.e., the high-level time accounts for 30% of one cycle), it could be adjusted to 50%. This would extend the conduction time of the hydrogen thyratron's heating power supply, allowing more electrical energy to be transferred to the relevant circuits, ultimately increasing the operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron and ensuring that it always operates at its optimal temperature.

[0107] Understandably, after receiving the second analog current signal, the pulse width modulation (PWM) controller converts it into a pulse control signal with a specific duty cycle—the magnitude of the duty cycle directly corresponds to the current regulation requirement (for example, increasing the duty cycle prolongs the conduction time of the hydrogen thyratron, increasing the actual current; decreasing the duty cycle shortens the conduction time, reducing the actual current). This control signal can directly act on the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron, adjusting its operating time or power to ultimately stabilize the actual current within the target range, completing the closed loop from deviation detection to physical control.

[0108] In some embodiments, the second analog current can be used as an input to the programmable logic controller to obtain a control signal.

[0109] Understandably, compared to programmable logic controllers, pulse width modulation controllers have advantages such as higher efficiency and energy saving, higher control precision, stronger anti-interference ability, and more stable signal transmission.

[0110] Understandably, constructing a three-level closed-loop system of temperature → voltage → current → execution signal, with feedback correction introduced at every stage from sensing to execution, completely solves the problems of low accuracy and slow response of traditional open-loop control; the PWM controller, through the linear correlation between duty cycle and output current data, can achieve stepless adjustment of the heating power supply output, with accuracy far exceeding that of mechanical switches or graded adjustment; the third proportional-integral controller performs final correction for current deviation, compensating for end-point interference such as load changes and sensor errors, ensuring that the final heating current is stable at the target value; through full-link closed-loop control, the temperature of the hydrogen thyratron is ultimately stabilized at the optimal operating temperature, avoiding problems such as insufficient heating leading to failure to conduct or overheating causing self-flashover, significantly improving the reliability of the hydrogen thyratron's sequential conduction.

[0111] In an embodiment of the present invention, before controlling the heating voltage of the heating power supply for the hydrogen thyratron based on the control signal, the control signal is further filtered. This step is related to... Figure 2 The 'e' in the middle corresponds to this.

[0112] like Figure 2 As shown, in the implementation of this invention, in step e, the control signal is used as the input of an inductor-capacitor (LC) filter to achieve filtering of the control signal.

[0113] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for intelligent heating control of a hydrogen thyratron also includes over-temperature protection and over-current protection.

[0114] refer to Figure 2 In the implementation of this invention, the above steps are the same as... Figure 2 The protection corresponding to step f in the middle.

[0115] The over-temperature protection can include: a preset maximum allowable temperature for the hydrogen thyratron; when the real-time temperature of the hydrogen thyratron exceeds the maximum allowable temperature, the control system immediately blocks the PWM pulse, reduces the duty cycle to 0, and shuts down the heating power supply.

[0116] In some embodiments, the maximum permissible temperature of the hydrogen thyratron is 110 degrees Celsius.

[0117] Understandably, since the internal hydrogen pressure of a hydrogen thyratron is positively correlated with temperature, exceeding the maximum allowable temperature can lead to excessive hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage tank, a sharp increase in internal pressure, and serious malfunctions such as seal failure, electrode erosion, or even tube rupture. Simultaneously, high temperatures can damage the insulation of the hydrogen thyratron, increasing the risk of internal breakdown. Over-temperature protection immediately cuts off the heating source, preventing further temperature increases and avoiding the failure of core components. Hydrogen thyratrons are widely used in high-voltage pulse power systems. If they experience leakage or breakdown due to high temperatures, the fault can propagate to other modules (such as trigger circuits and high-voltage power supplies), causing the entire pulse power system to fail. Over-temperature protection quickly isolates the fault source, preventing risk spread and ensuring the overall safe operation of the system. No manual real-time monitoring of the hydrogen thyratron temperature is required; the protection function automatically identifies over-limit risks and executes protective actions, reducing the need for manual intervention and lowering the workload and probability of errors for maintenance personnel.

[0118] In an embodiment of the present invention, overcurrent protection may include: a preset overcurrent protection value for the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyristor; when the output current of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyristor exceeds the overcurrent protection value under fault conditions, the control system immediately shuts off the PWM pulse, and the heating power supply enters a hiccup mode. After the fault is cleared, the control system immediately turns on the PWM pulse, and the heating power supply automatically returns to normal.

[0119] Understandably, the hiccup mode of a heating power supply is an overcurrent or short-circuit protection mechanism. It balances protection and system recovery by periodically attempting to restart, and is primarily used in switching power supplies. Its core function is that when an overcurrent or short circuit is detected, the power supply intermittently shuts down the output; if the fault is still detected after multiple attempts, it completely shuts down. This mode avoids continuous shutdowns due to transient faults (such as sudden current inrush) and reduces the risk of component damage. Troubleshooting involves confirming that no further overcurrent is detected, at which point the power supply automatically returns to normal.

[0120] In some embodiments, the current of the heating power supply for the hydrogen thyratron is within 25A, and the overcurrent protection value can be set to around 30A.

[0121] Understandably, in fault conditions (such as a short circuit in the hydrogen thyristor heating power supply or damage to the circuit insulation), the output current of the heating power supply may far exceed the normal range, causing the power switching devices (MOSFET / IGBT) and circuit wires to burn out due to overheating. Overcurrent protection cuts off the current by immediately shutting down the PWM, preventing components from being damaged by overheating and reducing maintenance costs.

[0122] Unlike rigid protection that shuts down completely upon overcurrent, the hiccup mode distinguishes between transient faults (such as power-on inrush current or brief line interference) and persistent faults (such as permanent short circuits) by periodically attempting to restart. If it is a transient fault, the power supply can automatically return to normal after the fault is cleared, avoiding prolonged system shutdown due to occasional interference. If it is a persistent fault, if overcurrent is still detected after multiple restart attempts, it will shut down completely, preventing the fault from escalating and reducing unnecessary manual restart operations, thus improving the fault tolerance and stability of the system.

[0123] Overcurrent protection eliminates the need for manual troubleshooting, monitors current in real time, and triggers protection action instantly, preventing the fault from worsening due to the continuous overcurrent condition (such as sparks or smoke caused by short circuits). At the same time, the automatic recovery design after fault clearance can quickly restore the system to normal operation and shorten the impact of faults on the working sequence of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0124] This application also provides a smart heating control device for hydrogen thyratrons, comprising:

[0125] The temperature conversion module is used to acquire the real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron and convert the real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron.

[0126] The voltage correction module is used to obtain the analog voltage quantity for the voltage regulation stage based on representative temperature and voltage data.

[0127] The current correction module is used to convert the analog voltage signal into an analog current signal for use in the current regulation circuit.

[0128] The control module is used to generate a control signal based on the analog current to adjust the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron, and to control the magnitude of the heating voltage based on the control signal so that the hydrogen thyratron is always at the optimal operating temperature.

[0129] This application provides an electronic device, including: a processor; and a memory storing computer program instructions, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to perform the method described above.

[0130] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the methods described above.

[0131] This application discloses a device comprising:

[0132] Memory, used to store instructions executed by one or more processors of the device, and

[0133] The processor is one of the processors in the device, used to execute the methods described above.

[0134] Now for reference Figure 6 The diagram shows a block diagram of a device 1200 according to one embodiment of this application. Device 1200 may include one or more processors 1201 coupled to a controller hub 1203. In at least one embodiment, the controller hub 1203 communicates with the processor 1201 via a multi-branch bus such as a Front Side Bus (FSB), a point-to-point interface such as a Quick Path Interconnect (QPI), or a similar connection 1207. The processor 1201 executes instructions controlling general-type data processing operations. In one embodiment, the controller hub 1203 includes, but is not limited to, a Graphics Memory Controller Hub (GMCH) (not shown) and an Input / Output Hub (IOH) (which may be on a separate chip) (not shown), wherein the GMCH includes memory and a graphics controller and is coupled to the IOH.

[0135] Device 1200 may also include a first coprocessor 1202 coupled to a controller hub 1203 and a memory 1204. Alternatively, one or both of the memory and the GMCH may be integrated within the processor (as described in this application), with memory 1204 and the first coprocessor 1202 directly coupled to the processor 1201 and the controller hub 1203, which is on a single chip with the IOH. Memory 1204 may be, for example, Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Phase Change Memory (PCM), or a combination of both. In one embodiment, the first coprocessor 1202 is a dedicated processor, such as, for example, a Many Integerated Core (MIC) processor, a network or communications processor, a compression engine, a graphics processor, a general-purpose graphics processor (GPGPU), or an embedded processor, etc. Optional properties of the first coprocessor 1202 are indicated by dashed lines. Figure 6 middle.

[0136] As a computer-readable storage medium, memory 1204 may include one or more tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media for storing data and / or instructions. For example, memory 1204 may include any suitable non-volatile memory such as flash memory and / or any suitable non-volatile storage device such as one or more hard-disk drives (HDD(s)), one or more compact disc (CD) drives, and / or one or more digital versatile disc (DVD) drives.

[0137] In one embodiment, device 1200 may further include a network interface controller (NIC) 1206. Network interface 1206 may include a transceiver for providing a radio interface for device 1200 to communicate with any other suitable device, such as a front-end module, antenna, etc. In various embodiments, network interface 1206 may be integrated with other components of device 1200. Network interface 1206 can implement the functionality of the communication unit in the above embodiments.

[0138] Device 1200 may further include input / output (I / O) device 1205. Input / output device 1205 may include: a user interface designed to enable a user to interact with device 1200; a peripheral component interface designed to enable peripheral components to also interact with device 1200; and / or sensors designed to determine environmental conditions and / or location information related to device 1200.

[0139] It is worth noting that, Figure 6 This is merely an example. That is, although... Figure 6 The diagram shows that device 1200 includes multiple devices such as processor 1201, controller hub 1203, and memory 1204. However, in actual applications, devices using the methods of this application may include only a portion of the devices in device 1200. For example, it may include only processor 1201 and network interface 1206. Figure 6 The properties of the optional devices are shown in dashed lines. According to some embodiments of this application, the memory 1204, which is a computer-readable storage medium, stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the device 1200 to perform a hydrogen thyratron intelligent heating control method according to the above embodiments. Specific details can be found in the methods described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] Now for reference Figure 7The diagram shown is a block diagram of a SoC (System on Chip) 1300 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 In the diagram, similar components share the same reference numerals. Additionally, dashed boxes are an optional feature for more advanced SoCs. Figure 7 In this embodiment, SoC 1300 includes: an interconnect unit 1350 coupled to an application processor 1310; a system proxy unit 1380; a bus controller unit 1390; an integrated memory controller unit 1340; one or more second coprocessors 1320, which may include integrated graphics logic, an image processor, an audio processor, and a video processor; a static random access memory (SRAM) unit 1330; and a direct memory access (DMA) unit 1360. In one embodiment, the second coprocessor 1320 includes a dedicated processor, such as, for example, a network or communication processor, a compression engine, a GPGPU, a high-throughput MIC processor, or an embedded processor.

[0141] The static random access memory (SRAM) cell 1330 may include one or more computer-readable media for storing data and / or instructions. The computer-readable storage medium may store instructions, specifically, temporary and permanent copies of those instructions. These instructions may include, when executed by at least one unit in the processor, causing the SoC 1300 to perform a hydrogen thyratron intelligent heating control method according to the above embodiments, the specific method of which can be referred to in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0142] Various embodiments of the mechanisms disclosed in this application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or combinations of these implementation methods. Embodiments of this application can be implemented as computer programs or program code executable on a programmable system, the programmable system including at least one processor, a storage system (including volatile and non-volatile memory and / or storage elements), at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0143] Program code can be applied to input instructions to execute the functions described in this application and generate output information. The output information can be applied to one or more output devices in a known manner. For the purposes of this application, the processing system includes any system having a processor such as, for example, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a microcontroller, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a microprocessor.

[0144] The program code can be implemented using a high-level procedural language or an object-oriented programming language to communicate with the processing system. Assembly language or machine language can also be used when needed. In fact, the mechanisms described in this application are not limited to any particular programming language. In either case, the language can be a compiled language or an interpreted language.

[0145] In some cases, the disclosed embodiments may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. The disclosed embodiments may also be implemented as instructions carried or stored thereon on one or more temporary or non-temporary machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable) storage media, which may be read and executed by one or more processors. For example, the instructions may be distributed via a network or through other computer-readable media. Therefore, machine-readable media may include any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable) form, including but not limited to floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROMs), magneto-optical disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic cards or optical cards, flash memory, or tangible machine-readable storage for transmitting information (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.) using the Internet in the form of electrical, optical, acoustic, or other forms of propagated signals. Therefore, machine-readable media includes any type of machine-readable medium suitable for storing or transmitting electronic instructions or information in a machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable) form.

[0146] In the accompanying drawings, some structural or methodological features may be shown in a specific arrangement and / or order. However, it should be understood that such a specific arrangement and / or order may not be necessary. Rather, in some embodiments, these features may be arranged in a manner and / or order different from that shown in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, including structural or methodological features in a particular figure does not imply that such features are required in all embodiments, and in some embodiments, these features may be omitted or may be combined with other features.

[0147] It should be noted that all units / modules mentioned in the device embodiments of this application are logical units / modules. Physically, a logical unit / module can be a physical unit / module, a part of a physical unit / module, or a combination of multiple physical units / modules. The physical implementation of these logical units / modules themselves is not the most important factor; the combination of functions implemented by these logical units / modules is the key to solving the technical problems proposed in this application. Furthermore, to highlight the innovative aspects of this application, the above-described device embodiments of this application have not introduced units / modules that are not closely related to solving the technical problems proposed in this application. This does not mean that the above-described device embodiments do not contain other units / modules.

[0148] It should be noted that in the examples and description of this patent, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0149] Although this application has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent heating control of a hydrogen thyratron, characterized in that, include: Acquire real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron and convert the real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron. Based on the representative temperature and voltage data, the analog voltage quantity used in the voltage regulation stage is obtained, including: Obtain the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron; Based on the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature and the representative temperature voltage data, the first voltage difference is obtained; Based on the first voltage difference, the analog voltage quantity is obtained; Converting the analog voltage quantity into a first analog current quantity for the current regulation circuit includes: Obtain the initial value of the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron and the real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron; Based on the analog voltage, the initial value of the heating voltage, and the real-time voltage data, the second voltage difference is obtained; Based on the second voltage difference, the first analog current is obtained; A control signal is generated based on the first analog current to adjust the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron. The magnitude of the heating voltage is controlled based on the control signal so that the hydrogen thyratron is always at the optimal operating temperature.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control signal for adjusting the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron based on the first analog current includes: Obtain the real-time current data of the hydrogen thyratron; Based on the first analog current and the real-time current data, the current difference is obtained; Based on the current difference, a second analog current quantity is obtained; The control signal is generated based on the second analog current quantity.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of converting the real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron includes: The real-time temperature data is converted into representative temperature and voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron using a resistor voltage divider circuit.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of generating the control signal based on the second analog current includes: The control signal is obtained by using the second analog current as the input to the pulse width modulation controller.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The control signal is then filtered.

6. A smart heating control device for a hydrogen thyratron, characterized in that, include: The temperature conversion module is used to acquire real-time temperature data of the hydrogen thyratron and convert the real-time temperature data into representative temperature-voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron. The voltage correction module is used to obtain an analog voltage quantity for the voltage regulation stage based on the representative temperature and voltage data, including: Obtain the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature of the hydrogen thyratron; Based on the voltage value corresponding to the optimal operating temperature and the representative temperature voltage data, the first voltage difference is obtained; Based on the first voltage difference, the analog voltage quantity is obtained; A current correction module is used to convert the analog voltage quantity into a first analog current quantity for use in the current regulation circuit, including: Obtain the initial value of the heating voltage of the hydrogen thyratron and the real-time voltage data of the hydrogen thyratron; Based on the analog voltage, the initial value of the heating voltage, and the real-time voltage data, the second voltage difference is obtained; Based on the second voltage difference, the first analog current is obtained; The control module is used to generate a control signal for adjusting the heating voltage of the heating power supply of the hydrogen thyratron based on the first analog current, and to control the magnitude of the heating voltage based on the control signal so that the hydrogen thyratron is always at the optimal operating temperature.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; and a memory, in which computer program instructions are stored. Wherein, when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor causes the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

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