Seed threshing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed thresher, which relates to the technical field of threshing equipment and is technically characterized by comprising a bottom cover and a top cover in threaded connection with the top of the bottom cover, base covers are symmetrically mounted at two ends of the bottom cover, a threshing mechanism is arranged in the bottom cover, and the threshing mechanism comprises a threshing cylinder assembly, a threshing roller assembly, a driving assembly and a discharging assembly. The threshing roller assembly comprises a roller shaft rod which penetrates through the base cover and is rotationally connected with the base cover, and a threshing roller which is coaxial with the roller shaft rod is arranged on the outer side of the roller shaft rod. According to the threshing machine, seed damage is effectively reduced, threshing efficiency and cleanliness are improved, threshing parameters can be automatically optimized, effective separation and collection of seeds and waste materials after threshing are ensured, meanwhile, the problem of straw winding or blocking is solved, and the performance and practicability of the threshing machine are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of threshing equipment technology, specifically a seed threshing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Seed threshers, as a key type of agricultural machinery, are specifically designed to efficiently separate crop seeds from their fruits or ears of grain. They are widely used in various stages of agricultural production, playing an irreplaceable role, particularly in processing major grain crops such as wheat, corn, soybeans, and rice. The history of this machinery can be traced back to the early days of agricultural mechanization. Its introduction significantly improved seed processing efficiency, not only drastically shortening post-harvest processing time but also effectively reducing the physical labor intensity of farmers, making a significant contribution to improving agricultural productivity and the modernization of agriculture.

[0003] However, the rigidity of the mechanical structure and the singular nature of the threshing action in traditional threshers make it difficult to flexibly adjust to suit the unique properties of different types of seeds, especially those with significant differences in size, shape, hardness, and other physical characteristics. This not only limits the efficiency and accuracy of the threshing process but also often leads to a high seed damage rate, affecting the subsequent storage quality, market value, and crop growth potential after sowing. Therefore, we propose a novel seed thresher. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a seed threshing machine that solves the problems of low threshing efficiency, poor accuracy, and high seed damage rate caused by the rigid structure and simple threshing action of traditional threshing machines, which are difficult to adapt to the physical characteristics of different seeds.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a seed threshing machine, comprising a bottom cover and a top cover threadedly connected to the top of the bottom cover, characterized in that: base covers are symmetrically installed at both ends of the bottom cover, and a threshing mechanism is provided inside the bottom cover.

[0006] The threshing mechanism includes a threshing drum assembly, a threshing roller assembly, a drive assembly, and a discharge assembly.

[0007] The threshing drum assembly includes a drum shaft that passes through and is rotatably connected to the base cover. A threshing drum coaxial with the drum shaft is provided on the outer side of the drum shaft. An installation ring coaxial with the threshing drum is fixedly installed at one end of the threshing drum. Several elastic bands that fit into the groove of the threshing drum are fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the installation ring near the threshing drum. A movable ring coaxial with the threshing drum is fixedly installed at the end of the elastic band away from the installation ring. Several connecting blocks are fixedly installed on the inner circumference of the movable ring. An electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to the threshing drum is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting blocks near the threshing drum. Several strain sensors are fixedly installed inside the elastic bands. Several diamond-shaped protrusions are fixedly installed on the outer arc surface of the elastic bands.

[0008] The threshing roller assembly includes several hollow insulating cylinders fixedly installed on the threshing drum. A conductive post penetrating the threshing drum is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the hollow insulating cylinder. A threshing roller is fixedly installed at one end of the conductive post located on the outside of the threshing drum. A threshing sleeve fixedly connected to the conductive post is sleeved on the outside of the threshing roller. Several shape memory alloy wires are embedded on the threshing sleeve in a circular arrangement and in contact with the conductive post.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a motor bracket fixedly installed on the outside of one of the base covers, and a servo motor whose output end is fixedly connected to one end of the roller shaft is fixedly installed on the inside of the motor bracket.

[0010] The discharge assembly includes a power supply bracket fixedly installed on the outside of another base cover. A battery is fixedly installed on the inner side of the power supply bracket. A conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the output end of the battery. A conductive slip ring mounting bracket fixedly connected to the power supply bracket is fixedly installed on the outer side of the conductive slip ring. A positive terminal is fixedly connected to a positive terminal post coaxial with the roller shaft and located inside the roller shaft. A connecting post penetrating the roller shaft and fixedly connected to the conductive post is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the positive terminal post. A negative terminal is fixedly connected to a negative terminal post coaxial with the positive terminal post and located inside the positive terminal post. A cross-shaped conductive positioning block fixedly connected to the inner surface of the positive terminal post is fixedly installed at the end of the negative terminal post away from the battery.

[0011] Preferably, the roller shaft and threshing roller are both made of rigid insulating material; the threshing sleeve is made of elastic insulating material; and the connecting column is made of rigid conductive material.

[0012] Preferably, a feeding hopper communicating with the inner cavity of the top cover is fixedly installed on the top of the top cover; a plurality of baffles cooperating with the threshing rollers are fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the bottom cover, wherein the baffles are located between two threshing rollers and the baffles and threshing rollers are distributed alternately.

[0013] Preferably, the collection mechanism includes a support component, a seed collection component, and a waste collection component.

[0014] The support assembly includes a support frame fixedly installed on the outside of the base cover. A caster wheel with brakes is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support frame. A support platform is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support frame. A U-shaped frame is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform.

[0015] The seed collection assembly includes an arc-shaped seed screen that is threaded to the bottom of the bottom cover and fits into the bottom cover. Transparent splash-proof baffles are symmetrically installed on both sides of the arc-shaped seed screen. A seed collection box that is slidably connected to the U-frame and located on the top of the support platform is provided directly below the arc-shaped seed screen.

[0016] The waste collection assembly includes a waste outlet guide channel fixedly installed on the bottom cover and communicating with the inner cavity of the bottom cover. Below the waste outlet guide channel is a waste collection box movably installed on the top of the support platform. A rectangular filter screen is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the waste collection box. A seed recycling box that is slidably connected to the waste collection box is located directly below the rectangular filter screen.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the filter holes in both the arc-shaped seed screen and the rectangular filter screen is larger than the diameter of the seed; the waste outlet guide channel is inclined as a whole, wherein the waste outlet of the waste outlet guide channel faces the waste collection box.

[0018] Preferably, a controller mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support frame, and a controller is fixedly installed on the inner side of the controller mounting bracket.

[0019] Preferably, the controller is electrically connected to the electric telescopic pole, the strain sensor, and the battery.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method with the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through its threshing mechanism, including a threshing drum assembly, a threshing roller assembly, a drive assembly, and a discharge assembly, achieves flexible adaptation to different types of seeds. The threshing sleeve and shape-memory alloy wire in the threshing roller assembly can undergo localized micro-deformation according to the physical characteristics of the seed, forming a concave structure adapted to the seed shape. This significantly reduces the single-point force on the seed, minimizing the risk of seed breakage, while simultaneously enhancing threshing friction and improving the threshing effect. This design enables the threshing machine to efficiently and accurately process different types of seeds.

[0021] 2. This invention, by setting an elastic band and its surface with diamond-shaped protrusions, not only increases the friction with the seeds and improves threshing efficiency, but also effectively reduces the adhesion of seeds and impurities. The special shape and arrangement of the diamond-shaped protrusions ensure that even if a small amount adheres, it is easily washed away by subsequent threshing actions or airflow, ensuring a clean and efficient threshing process. This design further enhances the performance and practicality of the thresher.

[0022] 3. This invention, by incorporating strain sensors and a controller, enables real-time sensing and analysis of key information such as the pressure applied to the seeds and the contact area during threshing. Based on a built-in seed characteristic database, the controller can flexibly adjust the working state of the threshing roller assembly to adapt to the physical characteristics of different seeds. This intelligent design allows the threshing machine to automatically optimize threshing parameters, achieving the best threshing effect and minimizing seed damage.

[0023] 4. This invention, through the inclusion of a collection mechanism comprising a seed collection component and a waste collection component, achieves effective separation and collection of seeds and waste after threshing. The seed collection component ensures that seeds fall smoothly into the seed collection box below, while the waste collection component performs preliminary filtration of the waste and recovers seeds accidentally ejected by impact. Simultaneously, the baffles fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the bottom cover and the threshing rollers are staggered, aiding in the discharge of crop straw and preventing straw entanglement or blockage. This design makes the thresher more convenient to operate and improves seed recovery and utilization rates. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from another side view of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom cover of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom cover structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the threshing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the discharge component; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A above; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the threshing mechanism of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram of the upper diagonal section; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal planar structure of the threshing drum of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Enlarged structural diagram at point B above; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the threshing roller assembly of the present invention; Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 14 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the elastic band of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture: 1. Bottom cover; 11. Stop bar; 2. Top cover; 21. Feed hopper; 3. Base cover; 4. Threshing mechanism; 41. Threshing drum assembly; 411. Drum shaft; 412. Threshing drum; 413. Mounting ring; 414. Elastic band; 415. Movable ring; 416. Connecting block; 417. Electric telescopic rod; 418. Strain sensor; 419. Diamond-shaped protrusion; 42. Threshing roller assembly; 421. Hollow insulating cylinder; 422. Conductive column; 423. Threshing roller; 424. Threshing sleeve; 425. Shape memory alloy wire; 43. Drive components; 431. Motor bracket; 432. Servo motor; 44. Discharge assembly; 441. Power supply bracket; 442. Battery; 443. Conductive slip ring; 444. Conductive slip ring mounting bracket; 445. Positive terminal; 446. Connecting post; 447. Negative terminal; 448. Cross-shaped conductive positioning block; 5. Collection agency; 51. Support assembly; 511. Support frame; 512. Casters with brakes; 513. Loading platform; 514. U-shaped frame; 52. Seed collection assembly; 521. Curved seed sieve; 522. Splash-proof transparent cover; 523. Seed collection box; 53. Waste collection assembly; 531. Waste outlet guide channel; 532. Waste collection box; 533. Rectangular filter screen; 534. Seed recycling box; 6. Controller mounting bracket; 61. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0027] This invention provides a technical solution: Please see Figures 1-16 A seed threshing machine includes a bottom cover 1 and a top cover 2 threadedly connected to the top of the bottom cover 1. Base covers 3 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the bottom cover 1. A threshing mechanism 4 is provided inside the bottom cover 1. A collecting mechanism 5 is provided at the bottom of the bottom cover 1.

[0028] The threshing mechanism 4 includes a threshing drum assembly 41, a threshing roller assembly 42, a drive assembly 43, and a discharge assembly 44. Through the combined action of the threshing drum assembly 41, the threshing roller assembly 42, the drive assembly 43, and the discharge assembly 44, the threshing action can be flexibly adjusted and adapted to different seed characteristics, thereby reducing seed damage and improving threshing efficiency and accuracy.

[0029] The threshing drum assembly 41 includes a drum shaft 411 that passes through and is rotatably connected to the base cover 3. A threshing drum 412 coaxial with the drum shaft 411 is provided on the outer side of the drum shaft 411. A mounting ring 413 coaxial with the threshing drum 412 is fixedly installed at one end of the threshing drum 412. A plurality of elastic bands 414 that fit into the groove of the threshing drum 412 are fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the mounting ring 413 near the threshing drum 412. A movable ring 415 coaxial with the threshing drum 412 is fixedly installed at the end of the elastic band 414 away from the mounting ring 413. A plurality of connecting blocks 416 are fixedly installed on the inner circumference of the movable ring 415. A motorized telescopic rod 417, which is fixedly connected to the threshing drum 412, is fixedly installed on the side of block 416 near the threshing drum 412. Several strain sensors 418 are fixedly installed inside the elastic belt 414, and several diamond-shaped protrusions 419 are fixedly installed on the outer arc surface of the elastic belt 414. Through the design of the threshing drum assembly 41, especially the elastic belt 414 and its strain sensors 418 and diamond-shaped protrusions 419, as well as the motorized telescopic rod 417 connected thereto, flexible adaptation to different seed characteristics is achieved. By adjusting the tension and deformation of the elastic belt 414, the threshing effect is optimized and seed damage is reduced, while ensuring a clean and efficient threshing process.

[0030] The threshing roller assembly 42 includes several hollow insulating cylinders 421 fixedly installed on the threshing drum 412. A conductive post 422 penetrating the threshing drum 412 is fixedly installed inside the hollow insulating cylinder 421. A threshing roller 423 is fixedly installed at one end of the conductive post 422 located outside the threshing drum 412. A threshing sleeve 424 fixedly connected to the conductive post 422 is sleeved on the outside of the threshing roller 423. Several shape memory alloy wires 425 are embedded on the threshing sleeve 424 in a circumferential distribution and in contact with the conductive post 422. Through the design of the threshing roller assembly 42, especially the embedding of the shape memory alloy wires 425, the threshing sleeve 424 can undergo localized micro-deformation according to the characteristics of the seeds, adapt to the shape of the seeds, reduce single-point force, reduce seed breakage, and at the same time enhance the threshing friction and improve the threshing effect, thus achieving flexible adaptation to different seeds and efficient threshing.

[0031] Furthermore, the drive assembly 43 includes a motor bracket 431 fixedly installed on the outside of one of the base covers 3. A servo motor 432 with its output end fixedly connected to one end of the drum shaft 411 is fixedly installed on the inside of the motor bracket 431. The servo motor 432 provides power to drive the drum shaft 411 to rotate, thereby driving the threshing drum 412 and the threshing roller assembly 42 to rotate synchronously, providing a stable and controllable power source for the threshing operation and ensuring the efficient operation of the threshing process.

[0032] The discharge assembly 44 includes a power bracket 441 fixedly mounted on the outside of another base cover 3. A battery 442 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the power bracket 441. A conductive slip ring 443 is fixedly connected to the output end of the battery 442. A conductive slip ring mounting bracket 444, which is fixedly connected to the power bracket 441, is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the conductive slip ring 443. A positive terminal post 445, which is coaxial with the roller shaft 411 and located inside the roller shaft 411, is fixedly connected to the positive terminal post 445. A connecting post 446, which penetrates the roller shaft 411 and is fixedly connected to the conductive post 422, is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the positive terminal post 445. The negative terminal of ring 443 is fixedly connected to a negative terminal 447 that is coaxial with the positive terminal 445 and located inside the positive terminal 445. The end of the negative terminal 447 away from the battery 442 is fixedly installed with a cross-shaped conductive positioning block 448 that is fixedly connected to the inner circular surface of the positive terminal 445. Through the structure of battery 442, conductive slip ring 443, positive terminal 445 and negative terminal 447, a controllable current is provided to the shape memory alloy wire 425 in the threshing roller assembly 42, so as to realize the local small deformation of the threshing sleeve 424 to adapt to the physical characteristics of different seeds, optimize the threshing effect and reduce seed damage, while ensuring the stability and smoothness of the current circuit.

[0033] Furthermore, both the drum shaft 411 and the threshing roller 423 are made of rigid insulating material. By using rigid insulating material, such as polyetherketone rod, for the drum shaft 411 and the threshing roller 423, direct current can be prevented from passing through, ensuring that the discharge assembly 44 safely controls the deformation of the threshing sleeve 424, while maintaining mechanical strength, achieving efficient threshing and reducing seed damage.

[0034] The threshing sleeve 424 is made of elastic insulating material, such as a rubber sleeve, which enhances the threshing buffering effect, avoids seed damage, and ensures the safe transmission of current to the shape memory alloy wire 425. This allows the threshing sleeve 424 to undergo local deformation, adapting to different seed shapes and improving threshing efficiency and effect.

[0035] The connecting post 446 is made of a hard conductive material, such as copper or stainless steel, to ensure that the current is smoothly transmitted from the battery 442 through the positive terminal post 445 to the conductive post 422, and then to the shape memory alloy wire 425 inside the threshing sleeve 424, so as to achieve local deformation, adapt to the shape of the seed, improve the threshing effect, and at the same time maintain the overall strength of the mechanical device.

[0036] Furthermore, a feeding hopper 21 communicating with the inner cavity of the top cover 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the top cover 2, through which the crops to be threshed can be conveniently put into the threshing chamber.

[0037] Several baffles 11 that cooperate with the threshing rollers 423 are fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the bottom cover 1. The baffles 11 are located between the two threshing rollers 423, and the baffles 11 and the threshing rollers 423 are staggered. By the staggered distribution of the baffles 11 fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the bottom cover 1 and the threshing rollers 423, the straw can be effectively prevented from tangling or blocking the threshing roller assembly 42, ensuring smooth discharge of waste material, improving threshing efficiency and machine stability.

[0038] Furthermore, the collection mechanism 5 includes a support component 51, a seed collection component 52, and a waste collection component 53. Through the detailed design of the support component 51, the seed collection component 52, and the waste collection component 53, the seeds and waste after threshing are collected separately, which improves resource utilization and machine efficiency, while maintaining a clean working environment.

[0039] The support assembly 51 includes a support frame 511 fixedly installed on the outside of the base cover 3. A universal wheel 512 with brakes is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support frame 511. A support platform 513 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support frame 511. A U-frame 514 is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform 513. Through the support frame 511 fixedly installed on the outside of the base cover 3 and the universal wheel 512 with brakes, the thresher is provided with stable support and convenient mobility. At the same time, the support platform 513 and the U-frame 514 provide an installation base for other components of the collection mechanism 5.

[0040] The seed collection assembly 52 includes an arc-shaped seed screen 521 that is threaded to the bottom of the bottom cover 1 and fits into the bottom cover 1. A transparent baffle 522 for splash prevention is symmetrically installed on both sides of the arc-shaped seed screen 521. A seed collection box 523 that is slidably connected to the U-frame 514 and located on the top of the support platform 513 is provided directly below the arc-shaped seed screen 521. Seeds are screened by the arc-shaped seed screen 521 to prevent impurities from entering, the transparent baffle 522 for splash prevention prevents seeds from splashing, and the seed collection box 523 facilitates the collection of fallen seeds, ensuring the effective collection and utilization of seeds and reducing waste.

[0041] The waste collection assembly 53 includes a waste outlet guide channel 531 fixedly installed on the bottom cover 1 and communicating with the inner cavity of the bottom cover 1. Below the waste outlet guide channel 531, a waste collection box 532 is movably installed on the top of the support platform 513. A rectangular filter screen 533 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the waste collection box 532. Directly below the rectangular filter screen 533, a seed recycling box 534 is slidably connected to the waste collection box 532. Waste is guided out through the waste outlet guide channel 531, the rectangular filter screen 533 in the waste collection box 532 filters the waste, and the seed recycling box 534 collects accidentally dropped seeds, realizing the classified collection of waste and the effective recycling of seeds, reducing waste.

[0042] Furthermore, the diameter of the filter holes in both the arc-shaped seed screen 521 and the rectangular filter screen 533 is larger than the diameter of the seed. By designing the filter hole diameters of the arc-shaped seed screen 521 and the rectangular filter screen 533 to be larger than the diameter of the seed, it is ensured that the seeds can pass through the screen smoothly and fall into the collection box, while effectively blocking crop straw and impurities, thereby improving the purity and efficiency of seed collection.

[0043] The waste outlet guide 531 is inclined, with the waste outlet of the waste outlet guide 531 facing the waste collection box 532. The inclined shape of the waste outlet guide 531 and its orientation towards the waste collection box 532 ensures that waste such as straw generated during the threshing process can smoothly slide into the waste collection box 532, avoiding waste accumulation and blockage, and improving the efficiency and smoothness of waste discharge.

[0044] Furthermore, a controller mounting bracket 6 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support frame 511, and a controller 61 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the controller mounting bracket 6. The controller mounting bracket 6 installed on the outer side of the support frame 511 and the controller 61 installed on the inner side are used to receive data from the strain sensor 418 and control the operation of the electric telescopic rod 417 and the discharge component 44, so as to realize the intelligent adaptation of the thresher to different seeds and efficient threshing.

[0045] Furthermore, the controller 61 is electrically connected to the electric telescopic rod 417, the strain sensor 418, and the battery 442. Through the electrical connection between the controller 61 and the electric telescopic rod 417, the strain sensor 418, and the battery 442, intelligent control of the threshing machine is realized. The threshing force is adjusted according to the data from the strain sensor 418, and the battery 442 provides power to ensure the efficiency and flexibility of the threshing process.

[0046] In practical use, the working principle of this invention is as follows: When using this new seed thresher, the device can be easily moved to the designated working position using the braked casters 512, ensuring ease and flexibility of operation. Once the device is positioned, the servo motor 432 is started. This motor drives the drum shaft 411 to rotate, which in turn drives the threshing drum 412 and the threshing roller assembly 42 to rotate synchronously, providing the necessary power for the threshing operation.

[0047] Subsequently, the crops to be threshed are placed directly from the feed hopper 21 into the threshing chamber formed by the bottom cover 1 and the top cover 2. As the threshing roller assembly 42 rotates, the threshing roller 423 continuously impacts the crops, using the impact force to dislodge the seeds. It is worth noting that the threshing sleeve 424 on the outside of the threshing roller 423 and the elastic band 414 on the outside of the threshing roller 412 are both made of elastic insulating material. This not only enhances the cushioning effect during the threshing process but also avoids seed damage that may be caused by traditional rigid collisions, effectively protecting the integrity of the seeds.

[0048] During threshing, the seeds come into contact with the elastic band 414 under the action and reaction forces. At this time, the strain sensor 418 inside the elastic band 414 senses key information such as the pressure applied by the seeds and the contact area in real time, and quickly transmits this data to the controller 61. The controller 61 then analyzes and judges the received data based on its built-in seed characteristic database. If small and soft seeds are identified, the controller 61 immediately activates the discharge component 44, discharging through the battery 442. The current is transmitted through the positive terminal 445, the connecting post 446 to the conductive post 422, then through the isolation of the hollow insulating cylinder 421, and finally to the shape memory alloy wire 425 inside the threshing sleeve 424. The shape memory alloy wire 425 heats up when energized, causing the threshing sleeve 424 and the shape memory alloy wire 425 to undergo synchronous localized micro-deformation, forming a concave structure adapted to the shape of the seed. This design significantly reduces the single-point force on the seed, reduces the risk of seed breakage, and simultaneously enhances threshing friction, improving the threshing effect.

[0049] If the controller 61 identifies large, hard seeds, it will control the discharge assembly 44 to remain inactive, keeping the threshing sleeve 424 and shape memory alloy wire 425 relatively flat and slightly rigid. Simultaneously, the controller 61 will also control the electric telescopic rod 417 to extend, causing the movable ring 415 to move and increasing the tension of the elastic band 414. This increased tension enhances the contact pressure with the seed, thereby increasing friction and facilitating more effective threshing of large, hard seeds from the crop stalk. This design allows the thresher to flexibly adjust to the physical characteristics of different seeds, achieving optimal threshing results and minimizing seed damage.

[0050] Furthermore, the diamond-shaped protrusions 419 on the surface of the elastic band 414 not only increase the contact area with the seeds and improve threshing efficiency, but also reduce the adhesion of seeds and impurities to the elastic band 414. Even if a small amount adheres, it is easily washed away by subsequent threshing actions or airflow, ensuring a clean and efficient threshing process.

[0051] With the connection of the conductive slip ring 443, the wires between the battery 442 and the positive terminal 445 and the negative terminal 447 remain unobstructed, avoiding the wire entanglement problem that may occur during operation and ensuring the normal operation of the device.

[0052] During the threshing process, crop straw is propelled towards the waste outlet guide chute 531 by the rotation of the threshing roller assembly 42. Under centrifugal force, the straw smoothly passes through the waste outlet guide chute 531 and falls into the waste collection box 532. The rectangular filter screen 533 inside the waste collection box 532 can perform preliminary filtration of the waste, while seeds that are accidentally knocked out will pass through the filter screen because the diameter of the filter holes is larger than the diameter of the seeds, and fall into the seed recycling box 534 below for recycling, thus avoiding waste of seeds.

[0053] Meanwhile, several baffles 11 fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the bottom cover 1 are distributed interlaced with the threshing roller 423. This design not only helps to assist in the discharge of crop straw (waste), but also effectively prevents the straw from getting tangled or blocked as the threshing roller assembly 42 rotates, ensuring the smooth discharge of waste.

[0054] Seeds falling from crop stalks are screened through an arc-shaped seed sieve 521. The arc-shaped seed sieve 521 is designed to prevent larger crop stalks and impurities from passing through, ensuring that only seeds fall smoothly into the seed collection box 523 below. At the same time, the transparent anti-splash cloth 522 effectively prevents seeds from splashing out during threshing, further reducing seed waste.

[0055] In summary, this new seed thresher, through a series of innovative designs, not only achieves flexible adaptation and efficient threshing of different types of seeds, but also significantly reduces seed damage rate, improves the subsequent storage quality, market value, and crop growth potential after sowing, making an important contribution to the improvement of agricultural productivity and the process of agricultural modernization.

[0056] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed threshing machine, comprising a bottom cover (1) and a top cover (2) threadedly connected to the top of the bottom cover (1), characterized in that: The bottom cover (1) is symmetrically equipped with base covers (3) at both ends, the bottom cover (1) is provided with a threshing mechanism (4) inside, and the bottom of the bottom cover (1) is provided with a collecting mechanism (5). The threshing mechanism (4) includes a threshing drum assembly (41), a threshing roller assembly (42), a drive assembly (43), and a discharge assembly (44). The threshing drum assembly (41) includes a drum shaft (411) that passes through the base cover (3) and is rotatably connected to the base cover (3). A threshing drum (412) coaxial with the drum shaft (411) is provided on the outer side of the drum shaft (411). A mounting ring (413) coaxial with the threshing drum (412) is fixedly installed at one end of the threshing drum (412). A plurality of elastic bands (414) that fit into the groove of the threshing drum (412) are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the mounting ring (413) near the threshing drum (412). 14) A movable ring (415) coaxial with the threshing drum (412) is fixedly installed at one end away from the mounting ring (413). Several connecting blocks (416) are fixedly installed on the inner circular surface of the movable ring (415). An electric telescopic rod (417) fixedly connected to the threshing drum (412) is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting block (416) close to the threshing drum (412). Several strain sensors (418) are fixedly installed inside the elastic band (414). Several diamond-shaped protrusions (419) are fixedly installed on the outer arc surface of the elastic band (414). The threshing roller assembly (42) includes several hollow insulating cylinders (421) fixedly installed on the threshing drum (412). A conductive post (422) penetrating the threshing drum (412) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the hollow insulating cylinder (421). A threshing roller (423) is fixedly installed at one end of the conductive post (422) located outside the threshing drum (412). A threshing sleeve (424) fixedly connected to the conductive post (422) is sleeved on the outside of the threshing roller (423). Several shape memory alloy wires (425) are embedded on the threshing sleeve (424) in a circumferential distribution and in contact with the conductive post (422).

2. The seed thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (43) includes a motor bracket (431) fixedly installed on the outside of one of the base covers (3), and a servo motor (432) whose output end is fixedly connected to one end of the roller shaft (411) is fixedly installed on the inside of the motor bracket (431). The discharge assembly (44) includes a power supply bracket (441) fixedly mounted on the outside of another base cover (3). A battery (442) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the power supply bracket (441). A conductive slip ring (443) is fixedly connected to the output end of the battery (442). A conductive slip ring mounting bracket (444) fixedly connected to the power supply bracket (441) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the conductive slip ring (443). The positive end of the conductive slip ring (443) is fixedly connected to a part coaxial with the roller shaft (411) and located on the roller shaft. The positive terminal post (445) inside the rod (411) has a connecting post (446) fixedly installed on the outer circular surface of the positive terminal post (445) that passes through the roller shaft (411) and is fixedly connected to the conductive post (422). The negative terminal of the conductive slip ring (443) is fixedly connected to a negative terminal post (447) that is coaxial with the positive terminal post (445) and located inside the positive terminal post (445). The end of the negative terminal post (447) away from the battery (442) is fixedly installed with a cross conductive positioning block (448) that is fixedly connected to the inner circular surface of the positive terminal post (445).

3. A seed thresher according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the roller shaft (411) and the threshing roller (423) are made of rigid insulating material; The threshing sleeve (424) is made of elastic insulating material; The connecting post (446) is made of a hard conductive material.

4. A seed thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the top cover (2) is fixedly installed with a feed hopper (21) that communicates with the inner cavity of the top cover (2); The bottom cover (1) has several baffles (11) fixedly installed on its inner circular surface, which cooperate with the threshing rollers (423). The baffles (11) are located between the two threshing rollers (423), and the baffles (11) and the threshing rollers (423) are distributed alternately.

5. A seed thresher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection mechanism (5) includes a support component (51), a seed collection component (52), and a waste collection component (53). The support assembly (51) includes a support frame (511) fixedly installed on the outside of the base cover (3). A universal wheel (512) with brake is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support frame (511). A support platform (513) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support frame (511). A U-shaped frame (514) is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform (513). The seed collection assembly (52) includes an arc-shaped seed screen (521) threaded to the bottom of the bottom cover (1) and fitting into the bottom cover (1). The arc-shaped seed screen (521) is symmetrically equipped with anti-splash transparent baffles (522) on both sides. The arc-shaped seed screen (521) is provided with a seed collection box (523) slidably connected to the U frame (514) and located on the top of the support platform (513) directly below the arc-shaped seed screen (521). The waste collection assembly (53) includes a waste outlet guide channel (531) fixedly installed on the bottom cover (1) and communicating with the inner cavity of the bottom cover (1). A waste collection box (532) is movably installed on the top of the support platform (513) below the waste outlet guide channel (531). A rectangular filter screen (533) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the waste collection box (532). A seed recycling box (534) is slidably connected to the waste collection box (532) directly below the rectangular filter screen (533).

6. A seed thresher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the filter holes in both the arc-shaped seed sieve (521) and the rectangular filter (533) is larger than the diameter of the seed. The waste outlet guide channel (531) is inclined in the whole, and the waste outlet of the waste outlet guide channel (531) faces the waste collection box (532).

7. A seed thresher according to claim 5, characterized in that: A controller mounting bracket (6) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support frame (511), and a controller (61) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the controller mounting bracket (6).

8. A seed thresher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller (61) is electrically connected to the electric telescopic pole (417), the strain sensor (418), and the battery (442).

Images