Dustproof grinding device for graded grinding of coal rock samples

Abstract

The invention relates to a dustproof grinding device for graded grinding of coal rock samples, which comprises a primary treatment cavity in the middle and a secondary treatment cavity on the periphery, a first cover plate is arranged at the top of the primary treatment cavity, a center hammer is arranged in the primary treatment cavity, and a motor is arranged above the first cover plate; the second-stage treatment cavity is annular, a second cover plate is arranged at the top, a plurality of grinding assemblies are arranged in the second-stage treatment cavity, and the motor is connected with the center hammer and the grinding assemblies and controls the center hammer and the grinding assemblies to rotate; the grinding assembly comprises a connecting pipe, a middle grinding hammer with a horizontal center shaft and two side grinding hammers with vertical center shafts, a telescopic adjusting mechanism is arranged in the connecting pipe, the two ends of the telescopic adjusting mechanism are connected with the side grinding hammers correspondingly, and the middle of the telescopic adjusting mechanism is connected with the middle grinding hammer; the distance between the middle grinding hammer and the bottom surface of the secondary treatment cavity and the distance between the side grinding hammer and the side surface of the secondary treatment cavity can be adjusted; a circle of hollowed-out vacant belt is arranged in the middle of the second cover plate and used for being connected with a plurality of movable cover plates in a clamped mode, and the movable cover plates are connected between every two connected grinding assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal and rock grinding technology, and specifically relates to a dustproof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geological and mineral research, the analysis of coal and rock core samples is crucial for understanding geological information. Currently, most coal and rock sample analyses or experiments require pre-crushing or grinding the samples to specific particle sizes; the closer the particle size matches the analytical or experimental requirements, the more accurate the research results. Existing grinding equipment has the following drawbacks: it generates a lot of dust, and the particle size control precision is not high during graded grinding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a dustproof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples, including a primary processing chamber in the middle and a secondary processing chamber in the periphery. The top of the primary processing chamber is provided with a detachable first cover plate, and a central hammer is provided inside. A motor is provided above the first cover plate for connecting to and controlling the rotation of the central hammer.

[0004] The secondary processing chamber is annular with a removable second cover plate on top. Inside, there are several grinding components, and a motor is connected to and controls the rotation of the grinding components. The grinding components include a connecting tube, a central grinding hammer with a horizontally arranged central shaft, and two side grinding hammers with vertically arranged central shafts. All three grinding hammers can rotate. The connecting tube is equipped with a telescopic adjustment mechanism. The two ends of the telescopic adjustment mechanism are connected to the side grinding hammers, and the middle part of the telescopic adjustment mechanism is connected to the central grinding hammer. It can adjust the distance between the central grinding hammer and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber, and the distance between the side grinding hammers and the sides of the secondary processing chamber, thereby controlling the particle size of the sample grinding.

[0005] The second cover plate has a hollow strip in the middle for attaching several movable cover plates. The movable cover plates are connected between two grinding components and can move with the grinding components, as well as move up and down.

[0006] Optionally, the dustproof grinding device is cylindrical in shape, the primary processing chamber is cylindrical, the primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are concentrically arranged, and the secondary processing chamber is located in the upper middle part of the primary processing chamber; the bottom of the primary processing chamber is provided with a first discharge port, and the bottom of the secondary processing chamber is provided with a second discharge port.

[0007] The motor's shaft is vertically downward, and the bottom of the shaft is connected to the center hammer; the middle part of the grinding assembly's connecting tube is connected to the side of the shaft via a corresponding connecting rod, so that the shaft can simultaneously drive the center hammer and the grinding assembly to rotate synchronously.

[0008] Alternatively, the connecting rods are positioned above the first and second cover plates and are evenly distributed radially around the pivot.

[0009] Optionally, the central hammer is cylindrical, with a smooth top surface that slopes downward from the center outwards, and a smooth bottom surface that slopes upward from the center outwards.

[0010] The part of the primary processing chamber corresponding to the central hammer is conical, with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. This causes the distance between the inner wall of the primary processing chamber and the outer wall of the central hammer to gradually decrease from top to bottom. After being ground by the central hammer, the sample particle size decreases and moves downward until it is discharged from the first discharge port.

[0011] Optionally, the telescopic adjustment mechanism includes two adjustment parts, two horizontal support rods and one vertical support rod. The horizontal support rods and connecting pipes are horizontally arranged, and the vertical support rod is vertically arranged. One end of the horizontal support rod is movably in contact with the adjustment part, and the other end extends out of the connecting pipe and is connected to a corresponding edge grinding hammer. One end of the vertical support rod is movably in contact with the two adjustment parts, and the other end extends out of the connecting pipe to connect to the center grinding hammer.

[0012] Further optionally, the adjustment part is horizontally arranged in the middle of the connecting tube, including a stepped adjustment head and an adjustment handle. The adjustment head is located inside the connecting tube, and the two adjustment handles are respectively inserted into the connecting tube from two opposite sides and connected to the corresponding adjustment heads to control the position of the adjustment head.

[0013] The adjusting head is made up of several square blocks of different sizes connected in sequence, with the volume of the blocks gradually increasing from the inside to the outside of the connecting tube.

[0014] Further optionally, the adjusting handle includes a connecting rod and a cover. The connecting rod is horizontally arranged and connected between the cover and the adjusting head. The position where the adjusting handle is inserted into the connecting tube has an opening, that is, there is an opening on each side of the connecting tube. A screw hole is provided on the left and right sides of the opening for connecting the cover.

[0015] The area of ​​the cover is larger than the area of ​​the corresponding opening. There is a row of screw holes on both sides of the cover, which can correspond to the screw holes on both sides of the opening.

[0016] Optionally, the outer side of the connecting tube is provided with a detachable and closable protective shell, the position of which corresponds to the position of the two protective covers, and the protective shell can cover the part of the connecting tube with the adjustment handle to prevent dust particles from entering the connecting tube when grinding samples.

[0017] Optionally, the empty strip is annular and concentrically arranged with the second cover plate. The empty strip is located in the middle of the second cover plate, and the outer diameter of the connecting pipe is slightly smaller than the width of the empty strip, so that the connecting pipe can move along the circumference of the empty strip.

[0018] The second cover plate has a recessed track groove on the inner and outer edges near the empty strip, with the empty strip located between the two track grooves. The top of the movable cover plate is detachably connected to the two track grooves and can move along the track grooves.

[0019] Further optionally, the two ends of the movable cover plate are detachably connected to two adjacent grinding components. The movable cover plate can cover the cross-section inside the secondary processing chamber. The upper surface of the movable cover plate is provided with two inner and outer vertical sliding strips in the middle, which correspond to the two rings of track grooves on the second cover plate respectively.

[0020] The sliding bar is U-shaped. The bottom of one vertical side plate is connected to the movable cover plate, which extends out of the empty strip and is connected to the horizontal side plate at the top. The horizontal side plate is connected between the two vertical side plates and overlaps the second cover plate at the edge of the empty strip. It extends outward to the corresponding track groove. The other vertical side plate extends downward and inserts into the corresponding track groove, realizing the sliding connection between the movable cover plate and the second cover plate.

[0021] Alternatively, the grinding assembly is provided with a detachable flexible dust cover, and the ends of the two movable cover plates on both sides of the grinding assembly are detachably connected to the dust cover. The dust cover and the movable cover plates together completely cover the internal space of the secondary processing chamber.

[0022] The dust cover is sheet-shaped with a central opening that corresponds to a connecting rod, allowing the rod to be inserted into the dust cover. The opening has an elastic band to control its size. The movable cover plates on both sides are connected to the edges of the dust cover. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dustproof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate and the empty strip;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding assembly;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment section;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movable cover plate and sliding strip.

[0028] In the attached diagram, 1-primary processing chamber, 2-secondary processing chamber, 3-first cover plate, 4-second cover plate, 5-center hammer, 6-motor, 7-connecting pipe, 8-middle grinding hammer, 9-side grinding hammer, 10-empty belt, 11-movable cover plate, 12-connecting rod, 13-horizontal support rod, 14-vertical support rod, 15-rotating frame, 16-adjusting head, 17-connecting rod, 18-protective cover, 19-sliding strip. Detailed Implementation

[0029] This embodiment provides a dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes a primary processing chamber 1 in the middle and a secondary processing chamber 2 on the periphery. The top of the primary processing chamber 1 is provided with a detachable first cover plate 3, and a central hammer 5 is provided inside. A motor 6 is provided above the first cover plate 3 for connecting to and controlling the rotation of the central hammer 5.

[0030] The secondary processing chamber 2 is annular with a removable second cover plate 4 on top. It contains several grinding components, and a motor 6 connects to and controls the rotation of the grinding components. The grinding components include a connecting pipe 7, a central grinding hammer 8 with a horizontally arranged central shaft, and two side grinding hammers 9 with vertically arranged central shafts. All three grinding hammers can rotate. The connecting pipe 7 contains a telescopic adjustment mechanism. The two ends of the telescopic adjustment mechanism are connected to the side grinding hammers 9, and the middle part of the telescopic adjustment mechanism is connected to the central grinding hammer 8. It can adjust the distance between the central grinding hammer 8 and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber 2, and the distance between the side grinding hammers 9 and the sides of the secondary processing chamber 2, thereby controlling the particle size of the sample grinding.

[0031] The second cover plate 4 has a hollowed-out strip 10 in the middle, which is used to snap together several movable cover plates 11. The movable cover plates 11 are connected between two connected grinding components and can move with the grinding components and can also move up and down.

[0032] Optionally, the dustproof grinding device is cylindrical in shape, the primary processing chamber 1 is cylindrical, the primary processing chamber 1 and the secondary processing chamber 2 are concentrically arranged, the secondary processing chamber 2 is located in the upper middle part of the primary processing chamber 1, and the upper middle part of the outer side of the primary processing chamber 1 is the inner side of the secondary processing chamber 2; the bottom of the primary processing chamber 1 is provided with a first discharge port, and the bottom of the secondary processing chamber 2 is provided with a second discharge port;

[0033] The motor 6 has a vertically downward rotating shaft, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected to the central hammer 5, which drives the central hammer 5 to rotate, thereby grinding the coal and rock sample in the primary processing chamber 1; the middle part of the connecting pipe 7 of the grinding assembly is connected to the side of the rotating shaft through the corresponding connecting rod 12, so that the rotating shaft can drive the central hammer 5 and the grinding assembly to rotate synchronously at the same time.

[0034] Further optionally, a bracket is provided at the center of the first cover plate 3 to support the motor 6, and the rotating shaft passes through the first cover plate 3 and is inserted into the primary processing chamber 1. A sealing component is provided at the position where the rotating shaft passes through the first cover plate 3 to prevent dust from overflowing.

[0035] The connecting rod 12 is located above the first cover plate 3 and the second cover plate 4, and is evenly distributed radially around the pivot.

[0036] In one specific implementation, the connecting rod 12 is L-shaped, with its horizontal part connected between the top of the rotating shaft and the top of the vertical part, and its vertical part passing through the empty belt 10 and then connected to the middle of the connecting tube 7.

[0037] Optionally, the feed inlet of the primary processing chamber 1 can be located on the first cover plate 3 or on the outer side of the primary processing chamber 1 below the secondary processing chamber 2, for inputting coal and rock samples into the primary processing chamber 1.

[0038] Optionally, the central hammer 5 is cylindrical with a smooth top surface that slopes downward from the center outwards to avoid material accumulation on the top surface, and a smooth bottom surface that slopes upward from the center outwards.

[0039] The part of the primary processing chamber 1 corresponding to the central hammer 5 is a cone shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. This makes the distance between the inner wall of the primary processing chamber 1 and the outer wall of the central hammer 5 gradually decrease from top to bottom. After being ground by the central hammer 5, the particle size of the sample decreases and moves downward until it is discharged from the first discharge port.

[0040] A grinding cavity, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, is formed between the central hammer 5 and the inner wall of the primary processing chamber 1. Larger, simply crushed coal and rock samples are input into the primary processing chamber 1. The samples fall naturally to the top of the central hammer 5 and slide down its top surface to the top of the grinding cavity. The rotating central hammer 5 causes the samples to rotate, and the samples are crushed and ground by the central hammer 5. As the particle size of the samples decreases, they continue to fall naturally along the grinding cavity. When they become stuck again, they can continue to be ground by the central hammer 5, further reducing the particle size. This process is repeated until the samples reach a suitable particle size and fall to the bottom of the grinding cavity, detaching from the central hammer 5 and being discharged from the first outlet. The material from the primary processing chamber 1 is collected and then input into the secondary processing chamber 2 for further grinding.

[0041] Optionally, the longitudinal section of the internal space of the secondary processing chamber 2 is U-shaped, with the central grinding hammer 8 corresponding to the grinding of the sample at the bottom of the secondary processing chamber 2, one side grinding hammer 9 corresponding to the grinding of the sample near the inner side wall of the secondary processing chamber 2, and the other side grinding hammer 9 corresponding to the grinding of the sample near the outer side wall of the secondary processing chamber 2.

[0042] The connecting pipe 7 is located inside the secondary processing chamber 2. The empty belt 10 is annular and concentrically arranged with the secondary processing chamber 2, so that the connecting pipe 7 drives the grinding assembly to move along the empty belt 10. The movable cover plate 11 is located between the second cover plate 4 and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber 2, and the movable cover plate 11 is arc-shaped. The connecting pipe 7 is arranged radially along the secondary processing chamber 2.

[0043] Optionally, the telescopic adjustment mechanism includes two adjustment parts, two horizontal support rods 13 and one vertical support rod 14. The horizontal support rods 13 and the connecting pipe 7 are both horizontally arranged, and the vertical support rod 14 is vertically arranged. One end of the horizontal support rod 13 is movably in contact with the adjustment part, and the other end extends out of the connecting pipe 7 and is connected to a corresponding edge grinding hammer 9. The adjustment part controls the telescopic movement of the edge grinding hammer 9 by adjusting the position of the horizontal support rod 13 in the connecting pipe 7, thereby adjusting the distance between the edge grinding hammer 9 and the side wall of the secondary processing chamber 2.

[0044] One end of the vertical support rod 14 is in contact with two adjustment parts, and the other end extends out of the connecting pipe 7 to connect to the intermediate grinding hammer 8. The adjustment part controls the extension and retraction of the intermediate grinding hammer 8 by adjusting the position of the vertical support rod 14 inside the connecting pipe 7, thereby adjusting the distance between the intermediate grinding hammer 8 and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber 2.

[0045] Further optionally, both the edge grinding hammer 9 and the middle grinding hammer 8 are cylindrical, and each grinding hammer has a rotating frame 15 on its outer side. The rotating frame 15 is U-shaped. The opening of the rotating frame 15 of the edge grinding hammer 9 faces the side wall of the secondary processing chamber 2, and the opening of the rotating frame 15 of the middle grinding hammer 8 faces downward. The two ends of the rotating frame 15 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the central shaft of the grinding hammer, and the center of the rod in the middle of the rotating frame 15 is connected to the corresponding horizontal support rod 13 or vertical support rod 14.

[0046] The horizontal support rod 13 is connected to the corresponding side grinding hammer 9 through the rotating frame 15, and the vertical support rod 14 is connected to the corresponding middle grinding hammer 8 through the rotating frame 15. The two ends of the rotating frame 15 rotate to support the corresponding central shaft. When the connecting rod 12 drives the rotating frame 15 to move through the connecting pipe 7 and the telescopic adjustment mechanism, the curved surface of the grinding hammer contacts the material or the inner wall of the secondary processing chamber 2 and rotates under the action of friction.

[0047] Since the longitudinal section of the secondary processing chamber 2 is U-shaped, the part of its bottom surface near the two side walls is arc-shaped, and the part of the three grinding hammers near this arc-shaped area also has a corresponding arc shape, so as to adapt to the shape of the corners of the secondary processing chamber 2, fully grind the material, and avoid material accumulation.

[0048] Further optionally, the adjustment part is horizontally arranged in the middle of the connecting pipe 7, including a stepped adjustment head 16 and an adjustment handle. The adjustment head 16 is located inside the connecting pipe 7, and the two adjustment handles are respectively inserted into the connecting pipe 7 from two opposite sides and connected to the corresponding adjustment head 16 to control the position of the adjustment head 16.

[0049] The adjusting head 16 is made up of several square blocks of different sizes connected in sequence, with the volume of the blocks gradually increasing from the inside to the outside of the connecting tube 7.

[0050] Further optionally, the adjusting handle includes a connecting rod 17 and a cover 18. The connecting rod 17 is horizontally arranged and connected between the cover 18 and the adjusting head 16. The position where the adjusting handle is inserted into the connecting tube 7 has an opening, that is, there is an opening on each side of the connecting tube 7. A screw hole is provided on the left and right sides of the opening for connecting the cover 18.

[0051] The area of ​​the cover 18 is larger than the area of ​​the corresponding opening. The cover 18 has a row of screw holes on both sides, which correspond to the screw holes on both sides of the opening.

[0052] In one specific implementation, the centers of several blocks of the adjustment head 16 are arranged on the same horizontal line, so that the blocks are arranged in a pyramid-like pattern. The blocks of the two adjustment heads 16 at the same step have the same side length and volume. All blocks of the two adjustment heads 16 have the same side length on the horizontal center line of the adjustment head 16. The side length of the blocks in the vertical direction is determined according to the particle size requirements of the middle grinding hammer 8 for the sample grading. The side length of the blocks in another horizontal direction (perpendicular to the horizontal center line of the adjustment head 16) is determined according to the particle size requirements of the side grinding hammer 9 for the sample grading.

[0053] Before use, before placing the sample into the secondary processing chamber 2, pull the connecting rod 17 outward through the connecting tube 7, and then move it left and right so that the two adjusting heads 16 are facing each other and in contact with the smallest cubes closest to each other. At this time, one screw hole in the row of screw holes on the left side of the cover 18 corresponds to the screw hole on the left side of the opening, and one screw hole in the row of screw holes on the right side of the cover 18 corresponds to the screw hole on the right side of the opening. The situation of the two covers 18 is similar. Tighten the covers 18 and the corresponding openings with screws to temporarily fix the positions of the two adjusting heads 16. The two side grinding hammers 9 can be manually adjusted to push them into the connecting tube 7 so that the movable ends of the two horizontal support rods 13 abut against the left and right sides of the two smallest cubes respectively. At this time, the distance between the side grinding hammers 9 and the corresponding inner wall of the secondary processing chamber 2 is the largest. Push the middle grinding hammer 8 into the connecting tube 7 so that the movable end (top) of the vertical support rod 14 abuts against the bottom surface of the two smallest cubes. At this time, the distance between the middle grinding hammer 8 and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber 2 is the largest, which can grind larger particles.

[0054] After the sample from the primary processing chamber 1 is ground and crushed, it is poured into the secondary processing chamber 2. The movable cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 4 are then closed. At this time, the next batch of coal sample is poured into the primary processing chamber 1 in preparation for grinding. The first cover plate 3 is then closed. If no upward lifting force is applied to the central grinding hammer 8, it will fall to the bottom of the secondary processing chamber 2 because it cannot be suspended in the air. Since there is space between the top of the vertical rod and the bottom of the adjusting head 16, the central grinding hammer 8 is lifted upward by the sample while grinding the sample until the top of the vertical rod contacts the bottom of the adjusting head 16 and can no longer rise. At this point, the central grinding hammer 8 begins to perform its grinding function.

[0055] If smaller particles are required, the position of the adjusting head 16 needs to be readjusted. Remove the screws at the cover 18, and use the adjusting handle to move both adjusting heads 16 to the left and right sides respectively, while simultaneously moving them into the connecting tube 7. This will align the two larger cubes along the axis of the connecting tube 7 and keep them close to each other (at this point, the two smallest cubes will miss each other and move towards each other's cover 18; the side of the smallest cube may be closer to the side of another larger cube behind the other adjusting head 16, but they will not be in contact). When adjusting the adjusting head 16, the side of the adjusting head 16 can be used to push the edge grinding hammer 9 to move. Finally, the movable end of the horizontal support rod 13 of the left edge grinding hammer 9 should abut against the left side of the larger cube of the left adjusting head 16, and the movable end of the horizontal support rod 13 of the right edge grinding hammer 9 should abut against the right side of the larger cube of the right adjusting head 16. The right side of the cube of the left adjusting head 16 should be close to the left side of the cube of the right adjusting head 16. At this point, the edge grinding hammer 9 is pushed out slightly from the connecting tube 7, and the distance between the edge grinding hammer 9 and the inner wall of the corresponding secondary processing chamber 2 decreases. The two adjusting heads 16 push the middle grinding hammer 8 outward from the connecting tube 7, causing the top of the vertical support rod 14 to abut against the center of the bottom surface of the two smaller cubes. At this point, the distance between the middle grinding hammer 8 and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber 2 decreases. At this time, the screw holes corresponding to the open screw holes in the row of screw holes on the left and right sides of the cover 18 change; the corresponding screw holes can then be tightened with screws.

[0056] If it is necessary to further reduce the target particle size, continue to move the two adjusting heads 16 to the left and right sides as described above, so that the two larger blocks are aligned along the axis of the connecting pipe 7 and close to each other, with the horizontal support rod 13 abutting against the side of the larger block, and the edge grinding hammer 9 is pushed outwards. At the same time, the two adjusting heads 16 continue to push the middle grinding hammer 8 outwards, so that the top of the vertical support rod 14 abuts against the middle of the bottom surface of the two larger blocks. Repeat this process to adjust the position of each grinding hammer in stages.

[0057] In one specific implementation, both openings are oblong. A row of screw holes is provided on the left and right sides of the center of the cover 18, with the screw holes on both sides aligned on the same straight line. The end of the left row of screw holes closest to the edge of the cover 18 is the starting point; the end of the right row of screw holes also closest to the edge of the cover 18 is the starting point. When adjusting the telescopic adjustment mechanism, the left cover 18 moves gradually from left to right along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 7, and the right cover 18 moves gradually from right to left along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 7. Initially, the two covers 18 are closest to each other along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 7, and then gradually move away from each other. Initially, the last threaded hole on the left side of the right cover 18 connects to the left threaded hole of the right opening, and the first threaded hole on the right side of the right cover 18 connects to the right threaded hole of the right opening. Then, as the right cover 18 moves to the right, the second-to-last threaded hole on the left side of the right cover 18 connects to the left threaded hole of the right opening, and the second threaded hole on the right side of the right cover 18 connects to the right threaded hole of the right opening, and so on. Meanwhile, the first threaded hole on the left side of the left cover 18 connects to the left threaded hole of the left opening, and the last threaded hole on the right side of the left cover 18 connects to the right threaded hole of the left opening; then, as the left cover 18 moves to the left, the second threaded hole on the left side of the left cover 18 connects to the left threaded hole of the left opening, and the second-to-last threaded hole on the right side of the left cover 18 connects to the right threaded hole of the left opening, and so on.

[0058] Further optionally, the bottom of the vertical part of the connecting rod 12 has a hollow section, and a top rod that can move up and down is provided inside the hollow section. Several through holes are provided on the top rod along its own height, and several through holes are also provided on the side wall of the hollow section. The height of the top rod can be fixed by passing several screws through the through holes corresponding to the hollow section and the top rod.

[0059] The lower part of the push rod is inserted into the connecting pipe 7 and is on the same vertical line as the vertical support rod 14. The bottom of the push rod is in contact with the adjusting head 16 to prevent the vertical support rod 14 from lifting the adjusting head 16.

[0060] Optionally, a removable pad is provided between the cover 18 and the outer wall of the connecting pipe 7. The pad is made of plastic or rubber, and the shape of the two sides of the pad is adapted to the shape of the cover 18 and the connecting pipe 7, so that the pad can closely contact the cover 18 and the connecting pipe 7 and provide support for the cover 18. Different sizes of the pad can be designed according to the distance between the cover 18 and the connecting pipe 7. The pad has a through hole to allow the connecting rod 17 to pass through the pad.

[0061] Optionally, the outer side of the connecting tube 7 is provided with a detachable and closable protective shell, the position of which corresponds to the position of the two protective covers 18, and the protective shell can cover the part of the connecting tube 7 with the adjustment handle to prevent dust particles from entering the connecting tube 7 when grinding samples.

[0062] The protective shell has through holes on its top, bottom, left, and right sides, providing space for the connecting rod 12, connecting pipe 7, and vertical support rod 14 to pass through. The protective shell is preferably a two-part design, with one part on each side. To facilitate opening, the bottom of the two parts is hinged, and the top has corresponding latches. One part is on the same side as the left cover 18, and the other part is on the same side as the right cover 18. When manually opening the protective shell, one part is pried open in the direction of rotation of the grinding assembly, and the other part is pried open in the opposite direction. The two-part protective shell is easy to open and close, has a simple structure, and is easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0063] This invention utilizes a single motor 6 to synchronously drive the inner ring's central hammer 5 and the outer ring's grinding assembly to rotate, simplifying the power equipment. A connecting rod 12 is added. To prevent material mixing between the primary and secondary processing chambers 2, the invention uses first and second cover plates 4 to cover the top surfaces of the corresponding processing chambers, while simultaneously isolating the connecting rod 12 above the first and second cover plates 4, thus preventing dust from affecting the connecting rod 12. However, the connecting pipe 7 needs to drive the grinding assembly inside the secondary processing chamber 2 to rotate. A problem arises in how to ensure that the connecting pipe 7 can pass through the second cover plate 4 and rotate while preventing dust from escaping from the top surface of the secondary processing chamber 2. Currently, most grinding equipment in the field is single-chambered, with the motor 6 located outside (above) the grinding chamber. The motor 6's shaft passes through the top cover and connects to the grinding components inside the chamber, thus avoiding the aforementioned problems of this invention.

[0064] Optionally, the empty strip 10 is annular and concentrically arranged with the second cover plate 4. The empty strip 10 is located in the middle of the second cover plate 4. The outer diameter of the connecting pipe 7 is slightly smaller than the width of the empty strip 10, so that the connecting pipe 7 can move along the circumference of the empty strip 10.

[0065] The second cover plate 4 has a recessed track groove on the inner and outer edges near the empty strip 10, respectively. The empty strip 10 is located between the two track grooves. The top of the movable cover plate 11 is detachably connected to the two track grooves and can move along the track grooves.

[0066] Further optionally, the two ends of the movable cover plate 11 are detachably connected to two adjacent grinding components. The movable cover plate 11 can cover the cross-section inside the secondary processing chamber 2. The upper surface of the movable cover plate 11 is provided with two inner and outer vertical sliding strips 19, which correspond to the two track grooves on the second cover plate 4 respectively.

[0067] The sliding strip 19 is U-shaped. The bottom of one vertical side plate is connected to the movable cover plate 11, and it extends out of the empty strip 10. The top of the horizontal side plate is connected between the two vertical side plates. The horizontal side plate overlaps the second cover plate 4 at the edge of the empty strip 10 and extends outward to the corresponding track groove. The other vertical side plate extends downward and inserts into the corresponding track groove, realizing the sliding connection between the movable cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 4.

[0068] In one specific implementation, the horizontal side plate of the outer ring sliding bar points to the track groove outside the outer ring of the empty band 10, and the horizontal side plate of the inner ring sliding bar points to the track groove outside the inner ring of the empty band 10, so that the longitudinal sections of the two rings of sliding bars 19 form an inverted "E" shape.

[0069] The movable cover 11 has very small gaps between its two sides and the inner walls of the secondary processing chamber 2, facilitating its smooth rotation within the chamber. The vertical side plates on the outer sides of the two sliding strips 19 are inserted into corresponding track grooves. Driven by the grinding assembly, these vertical side plates slide within their respective grooves, allowing the movable cover 11 to rotate circumferentially along the secondary processing chamber 2. A very small amount of dust that overflows from the gaps on both sides of the movable cover 11 is blocked by the vertical side plates connecting it, preventing dust from overflowing from the empty belt 10.

[0070] Further optionally, the grinding assembly is provided with a detachable flexible dust cover, and the ends of the two movable cover plates 11 on both sides of the grinding assembly are detachably connected to the dust cover. The dust cover and the movable cover plates 11 are combined to completely cover the internal space of the secondary processing chamber 2.

[0071] The dust cover is sheet-shaped and has a retractable opening in the center. The retractable opening corresponds to the connecting rod 12, allowing the connecting rod 12 to be inserted into the dust cover. An elastic band is provided at the retractable opening to facilitate control of the size of the retractable opening. The ends of the movable cover plates 11 on both sides are connected to the edges of the dust cover.

[0072] When grinding samples, the dust cover is positioned above the protective shell and the edge grinding hammer 9. Its opening is tightened, tightly wrapping around the connecting rod 12. When the dust cover is unfolded, it serves to block dust. When adjusting the telescopic adjustment mechanism, pause the motor 6, enlarge the opening of the dust cover, and pry it open from top to bottom, always keeping the edge of the through-hole tightly against the connecting rod 12 or the outer wall of the protective shell to prevent dust from spilling out. When the opening is below the protective shell, the protective shell is exposed. The protective shell can then be manually pried open, and the two covers 18 and the adjustment head 16 can be adjusted.

[0073] The telescopic adjustment mechanism of this invention employs rigid support and adjustment methods, providing more stable support for the horizontal and vertical support rods 14. The adjustment head 16 is composed of several square blocks arranged in a pyramid-like shape, with the apex pointing towards another adjustment head 16. The blocks are arranged from smallest to largest, and their size can be rationally designed according to the target particle size for graded grinding. When two blocks of the two adjustment heads 16 are aligned together, they can push the horizontal and vertical support rods 14 to extend or retract. Furthermore, during sample grinding, the horizontal and vertical support rods 14 abut against the blocks, and the blocks of the two adjustment heads 16 abut against each other.

Claims

1. A dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples, characterized in that, It includes a primary processing chamber in the middle and a secondary processing chamber on the periphery. The top of the primary processing chamber is provided with a detachable first cover plate, and a central hammer is provided inside. A motor is provided above the first cover plate for connecting and controlling the rotation of the central hammer. The secondary processing chamber is annular with a removable second cover plate on top. Inside, there are several grinding components. A motor is connected to and controls the rotation of the grinding components. The grinding components include a connecting pipe, a central grinding hammer with a horizontally arranged central shaft, and two side grinding hammers with vertically arranged central shafts. All three grinding hammers can rotate. The connecting pipe is equipped with a telescopic adjustment mechanism. The two ends of the telescopic adjustment mechanism are connected to the side grinding hammers, and the middle part of the telescopic adjustment mechanism is connected to the central grinding hammer. It can adjust the distance between the central grinding hammer and the bottom surface of the secondary processing chamber, and the distance between the side grinding hammers and the sides of the secondary processing chamber. The second cover plate has a hollowed-out strip in the middle, which is used to snap together several movable cover plates, which are connected between two adjacent grinding components.

2. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dustproof grinding device is cylindrical in shape, and the primary processing chamber is cylindrical. The primary processing chamber and the secondary processing chamber are concentrically arranged, with the secondary processing chamber located in the upper middle part of the primary processing chamber. The bottom of the primary processing chamber is provided with a first discharge port, and the bottom of the secondary processing chamber is provided with a second discharge port. The motor's shaft is vertically downward, and the bottom of the shaft is connected to the center hammer; the middle part of the grinding assembly's connecting tube is connected to the side of the shaft via a corresponding connecting rod, so that the shaft can simultaneously drive the center hammer and the grinding assembly to rotate synchronously. The connecting rods are located above the first and second cover plates and are evenly distributed radially around the pivot.

3. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central hammer is cylindrical, with a smooth top surface that slopes downward from the center outwards, and a smooth bottom surface that slopes upward from the center outwards. The part of the primary processing chamber corresponding to the central hammer is conical, with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. This causes the distance between the inner wall of the primary processing chamber and the outer wall of the central hammer to gradually decrease from top to bottom. After being ground by the central hammer, the sample particle size decreases and moves downward until it is discharged from the first discharge port.

4. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic adjustment mechanism includes two adjustment parts, two horizontal support rods and one vertical support rod. The horizontal support rods and connecting pipes are both horizontally arranged, and the vertical support rod is vertically arranged. One end of the horizontal support rod is in contact with the adjustment part, and the other end extends out of the connecting pipe and is connected to a corresponding edge grinding hammer. One end of the vertical support rod makes contact with two adjusting parts, and the other end extends out of the connecting tube to connect to the grinding hammer.

5. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment part is horizontally arranged in the middle of the connecting tube and includes a stepped adjustment head and an adjustment handle. The adjustment head is located inside the connecting tube, and the two adjustment handles are inserted into the connecting tube from two opposite sides and connected to the corresponding adjustment heads to control the position of the adjustment head. The adjusting head is made up of several square blocks of different sizes connected in sequence, with the volume of the blocks gradually increasing from the inside to the outside of the connecting tube.

6. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjusting handle includes a connecting rod and a cover. The connecting rod is connected between the cover and the adjusting head. The position where the adjusting handle is inserted into the connecting tube has an opening. A screw hole is provided on the left and right sides of the opening for connecting the cover. The area of ​​the cover is larger than the area of ​​the corresponding opening. There is a row of screw holes on both sides of the cover, which can correspond to the screw holes on both sides of the opening.

7. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer side of the connecting tube is provided with a detachable and closable protective shell. The position of the protective shell corresponds to the position of the two protective covers, and the protective shell can cover the part of the connecting tube with the adjustment handle to prevent dust particles from entering the connecting tube when grinding samples.

8. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The empty strip is annular and concentrically arranged with the second cover plate, with the empty strip located in the middle of the second cover plate; The second cover plate has a recessed track groove on the inner and outer edges near the empty strip. The empty strip is located between the two track grooves. The top of the movable cover plate is detachably connected to the two track grooves and can move along the track grooves.

9. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 8, characterized in that, The two ends of the movable cover plate are detachably connected to two adjacent grinding components. The upper surface of the movable cover plate is provided with two inner and outer vertical sliding strips in the middle, which correspond to the two track grooves on the second cover plate respectively. The sliding bar is U-shaped. The bottom of one vertical side plate is connected to the movable cover plate, which extends out of the empty strip and is connected to the horizontal side plate at the top. The horizontal side plate is connected between the two vertical side plates and overlaps the second cover plate at the edge of the empty strip. It extends outward to the corresponding track groove. The other vertical side plate extends downward and inserts into the corresponding track groove, realizing the sliding connection between the movable cover plate and the second cover plate.

10. The dust-proof grinding device for graded grinding of coal and rock samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding assembly is equipped with a detachable flexible dust cover. The ends of the two movable cover plates on both sides of the grinding assembly are detachably connected to the dust cover. The dust cover and the movable cover plates together completely cover the internal space of the secondary processing chamber. The dust cover is sheet-shaped with a central opening that corresponds to a connecting rod, allowing the connecting rod to be inserted into the dust cover. The opening has an elastic band to control its size. The movable cover plates on both sides are connected to the edges of the dust cover.

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