Die, device and method for machining blind hole in inner wall of combined shaft sleeve

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shaft sleeve machining, and discloses a machining die, device and method for a blind hole in the inner wall of a combined type shaft sleeve. A positioning slide way is arranged on the positioning cylinder, the striker stamping assembly comprises a striker, a retainer and a springback device, the retainer is provided with a slide way for installing the striker, the outer walls of the separation ring and the retainer are both attached to the inner wall of the positioning cylinder, and the striker is pushed out of the positioning slide way under the action of an external pressure driving part. The firing pin is reset under the action of the springback device; in the blind hole machining area, the separation rings and the retainers are arranged at intervals, and in the blind hole non-machining area, the separation rings are sequentially arranged in an overlapped mode. The machining device comprises a base, a clamp, the machining die and a pressure driving part. The machining method comprises the steps of assembling the die, installing the die, installing the shaft sleeve and punching the blind hole. The blind holes with different layout forms, different numbers and different depths can be flexibly machined through the combined die.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bushing processing technology, and relates to a processing mold and device for blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing, as well as a processing method for blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing. Background Technology

[0002] Bushings are commonly used in heavy machinery and wind power generation. The inner wall of the bushing has blind holes to store grease, which lubricates the shaft's rotation. Under impact loads and extremely low linear velocities, the lubrication mode of the bushing is often boundary mixed lubrication, making it difficult to establish a continuous and stable oil film. As the oil film breaks down, partial solid contact occurs between the bushing and the journal, increasing the wear coefficient and significantly reducing the bushing's lifespan. For harsh operating conditions involving ultra-low speed oscillation and heavy loads, machining blind holes of different shapes and distributions on the inner wall of the bushing can increase grease storage, achieve secondary uniform lubrication, store abrasive particles, and effectively dissipate heat.

[0003] In existing technologies, there are two main methods for machining blind holes on the inner wall of bushings: one is milling using a multi-axis machine tool and special cutting tools, and the other is stamping using a die. The milling method suffers from drawbacks such as poor positioning accuracy, numerous burrs, long processing cycles, low production efficiency, and inability to machine blind holes of special shapes. Existing die stamping methods involve cumbersome steps, cannot achieve one-time forming, are inefficient, and rely on a single die that can only process one type of blind hole distribution. This makes it difficult to flexibly adjust the machining method for different working conditions. Manufacturing multiple dies would be time-consuming, labor-intensive, and drastically increase processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a processing mold, device and method for blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing, so as to achieve the purpose of processing blind holes with various layouts by using a single mold and combining different forms.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A machining die for a blind hole in the inner wall of a combined bushing includes a positioning cylinder, several partition rings, and several impact pin stamping assemblies; The positioning cylinder has multiple strip-shaped positioning slides on its circumferential surface. The positioning slides are evenly spaced along the circumference of the positioning cylinder. At least two locking pins for circumferential positioning are fixed on one end face of the positioning cylinder. The firing pin stamping assembly includes a firing pin for stamping a blind hole, a retainer for mounting the firing pin, and a spring-loaded device for resetting the firing pin. One end of the firing pin is a spherical surface that matches the blind hole, and the other end is suspended outside the retainer. The retainer is provided with a slide for mounting the firing pin, and the firing pin is movably positioned in the slide through the spring-loaded device. The outer walls of the separator ring and the cage are both in contact with the inner wall of the positioning cylinder. Each row of strikers corresponds to a positioning slide on the positioning cylinder. The strikers are pushed out of the positioning slide under the action of the external pressure drive, punching blind holes in the inner wall of the bushing. When the pressure drive is removed, the strikers are reset under the action of the spring-loaded device. In the blind hole processing area, the separator ring and the cage are spaced apart, and the separator ring provides support for the cage. In the non-blind hole processing area, multiple separator rings are stacked sequentially.

[0006] As a limitation of the present invention, the cage includes a plurality of U-shaped parts and a plurality of connecting plates, the U-shaped parts and the connecting plates being connected in sequence at intervals to form a circular structure, the two ends of the connecting plates being slidably disposed on two adjacent U-shaped parts respectively; the area between two adjacent U-shaped parts forms a slide for mounting the firing pin, the connecting plate being fixedly connected to the firing pin and driving the firing pin to move, the connecting plate driving the firing pin to reset through a spring-loaded device.

[0007] As a further limitation of the present invention, the spring-rebound device includes a slide rod fixed on the U-shaped part and a spring sleeved on the slide rod. Each U-shaped part has a spring-rebound device fixed on both sides. The two ends of the connecting plate are slidably disposed on the two slide rods and abut against one end of the spring.

[0008] As a further limitation of the present invention, both sides of the U-shaped member are provided with through holes, and the slide rod is fixed in the through holes.

[0009] As another limitation of the present invention, the firing pin is provided with a locking groove, and the connecting plate is locked in the locking groove of the firing pin to drive the firing pin to move.

[0010] As a limitation of the present invention, the closed side of the U-shaped component is an arc surface that is in contact with the positioning cylinder.

[0011] A combined bushing inner wall blind hole processing device includes a base, a fixture, a processing mold for the combined bushing inner wall blind hole, and a pressure drive component. The fixture is fixed on the base and is used to hold the bushing. The fixture is provided with at least two positioning holes. The mold is inserted into the bushing, and the locking pin on the positioning cylinder is inserted into the positioning hole of the fixture for circumferential positioning. The pressure drive component is fixed on the base and is used to squeeze the ejector pin to move towards the inner wall of the bushing.

[0012] As a limitation of the combined bushing inner wall blind hole processing device of the present invention, the pressure driving component includes a hydraulic cylinder and a punch head fixed on the extension rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the end of the punch head being frustoconical.

[0013] A method for machining blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing, comprising machining blind holes using the aforementioned combined bushing inner wall blind hole machining device as follows: S1. Assemble the mold: Assemble according to the layout of the blind holes on the bushing. Coaxially install the partition ring and the striker punching device inside the positioning cylinder. In the non-blind hole processing area, the partition rings are stacked in sequence to form a support. In the blind hole processing area, the partition rings and the cage are set at intervals. The striker on the cage is located in the positioning slide of the positioning cylinder, so that the partition rings form the axial spacing of each row of blind holes, and the spacing of the positioning slide forms the circumferential spacing of each column of blind holes. S2. Install the mold: Position the mold coaxially inside the bushing; S3. Install the bushing: Fit the bushing onto the fixture, making the bushing coaxial with the punch head, and insert the locking pin into the positioning hole of the fixture for circumferential positioning; S4, Stamping blind hole: Start the pressure drive to insert the stamping head into the mold, squeeze the ejector pin towards the inner wall of the bushing. After stamping is completed, the stamping head is withdrawn and the springback device resets the ejector pin.

[0014] By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: (1) The processing mold of the present invention can be combined according to the layout of the blind hole on the bushing to be processed. Especially for heavy machinery in special working conditions, the blind hole layout needs to be flexibly processed according to the actual working conditions. The layout is flexible and varied. The mold of the present invention can process blind holes with various layouts as needed, without the need to make more molds, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost. The mold of the present invention can be assembled adaptably, greatly improving the processing efficiency. (2) The mold of the present invention is easy to process and can be assembled at will. The processing cost is low. Multiple impact pins are directly punched out blind holes without the need for cutting tools. The processing has few burrs, uniform depth, and high processing accuracy. (3) The mold of the present invention can be processed with different row spacing, different column spacing and different sizes of blind holes by changing different positioning cylinders, separator rings, retainers and strikers. The combination forms are diverse and the processing cost is reduced. (4) The present invention can design different shapes of striking pins as needed, and can process blind holes of different shapes, quantities and layouts by combining molds. It can also process blind holes of different depths by changing the stamping head of different diameters. It can meet the processing needs of bushing parts of various models and quantities of blind holes, and has strong practicality. (5) The processing device of the present invention processes blind holes by stamping. The blind holes can be accurately processed by assembling the firing pin into the corresponding position, which greatly improves the processing accuracy, eliminates the need for rework, and improves the processing efficiency. (6) The processing method of the present invention reduces the production of molds and lowers production costs by assembling different types of molds and then processing blind holes with different layouts. At the same time, it abandons the traditional milling process and precisely processes blind holes on the bushing, effectively improving processing efficiency.

[0015] In summary, the present invention can process blind holes of different layouts, quantities, and depths by combining molds, and is suitable for processing blind holes inside bushings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the processing mold installed inside the bushing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the separator ring and the striking pin stamping assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the firing pin stamping assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the firing pin in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the springback device mounted on the U-shaped part according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top view of the springback device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention mounted on a U-shaped component; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a top view of the fixture in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Positioning cylinder; 11. Positioning slide; 12. Locking pin; 2. Separator ring; 3. Impact pin stamping assembly; 31. Impact pin; 311. Snap-fit ​​groove; 32. Cage; 321. U-shaped part; 3211. Through hole; 322. Connecting plate; 33. Springback device; 331. Slide rod; 332. Spring; 4. Bushing; 5. Base; 6. Fixture; 61. Positioning hole; 7. Pressure drive component; 8. Stamping head. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and understanding purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] Example 1: Machining mold for blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment includes a positioning cylinder 1, several partition rings 2 and several impact pin stamping assemblies 3. The positioning cylinder 1 is inserted into the bushing 4. The partition rings 2 and impact pin stamping assemblies 3 are located inside the positioning cylinder 1. Through the free combination of the partition rings 2 and impact pin stamping assemblies 3, various types of processing molds are formed. The processing molds are placed inside the bushing, and various blind holes with different layouts are processed by the impact pin stamping assemblies 3.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the positioning cylinder 1 is cylindrical, and multiple positioning slides 11 are provided on its circumferential surface. The positioning slides 11 are strip-shaped and vertically arranged along the axial direction of the positioning cylinder 1, forming vertical elongated holes. The positioning slides 11 are evenly spaced on the circumference of the positioning cylinder 1, and the spacing is set according to the row spacing of the blind holes on the bushing 4. Four locking pins 12 are evenly spaced on one end face of the positioning cylinder 1 for circumferential positioning to prevent relative rotation between the positioning cylinder 1 and the bushing 4.

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, the separator ring 2 is an annular structure that provides support for the cage 32 and the firing pin 31. The outer diameter of the separator ring 2 matches the inner diameter of the positioning cylinder 1, the inner diameter of the separator ring 2 matches the outer diameter of the stamping head 8 of the pressure drive component 7, and the thickness of the separator ring 2 matches the spacing of each row of blind holes on the bushing 4. It should be noted that each row of blind holes refers to blind holes arranged circumferentially along the bushing 4, and each column of blind holes refers to blind holes arranged axially along the bushing 4.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the firing pin stamping assembly 3 includes firing pins 31, a retainer 32, and a spring-loaded device 33. Several firing pins 31 are provided, which move towards the inner wall of the bushing 4 under the action of the pressure drive 7 to stamp out blind holes. The retainer 32 is used to mount the firing pins 31 and provide support for the firing pins 31, and the spring-loaded device 33 is used to reset the firing pins 31.

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, the firing pin 31 is a cylinder with a convex spherical surface at one end, the size of which matches the size of the blind hole. A retaining groove 311 is provided on the circumference of the firing pin 31. During installation, the retaining groove 311 is used to position the firing pin 31, and both ends of the firing pin 31 are suspended outside the cage 32.

[0025] like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the retainer 32 includes several U-shaped members 321 and several connecting plates 322. The U-shaped members 321 and the connecting plates 322 are connected sequentially at intervals to form a circular structure. The two side plates of the U-shaped members 321 are inclined, that is, the extension lines of the two side plates both pass through the center of the circle where the retainer 32 is located. The upper part of each side plate of the U-shaped member 321 is provided with a through hole 3211, and a spring-loaded device 33 is installed in each through hole 3211. The closed side of the U-shaped member 321 is an arc surface, which is in contact with the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 1. The two ends of the connecting plate 322 are respectively slidably disposed on the side plates of two adjacent U-shaped members 321 and are reset by the spring-loaded device 33. The area between two adjacent U-shaped members 321 forms a slide for mounting the firing pin 31. The connecting plate 322 is engaged in the engaging groove 311 of the firing pin 31, and the firing pin 31 moves with the connecting plate 322.

[0026] like Figure 8 As shown, the rebound device 33 includes a slide rod 331 and a spring 332. The slide rod 331 is fixed in the through hole 3211 of the U-shaped member 321, and the spring 332 is sleeved on the slide rod 331. The two ends of the connecting plate 322 are respectively slidably disposed on the slide rods 331 of two adjacent U-shaped members 321, and one end of the spring 332 abuts against the connecting plate 322. When the firing pin 31 moves the connecting plate 322 toward the inner wall of the bushing 4 under the action of the pressure driving member 7, the connecting plate 322 moves closer to the inner wall of the bushing 4 along the slide rod 331, and the spring 332 is compressed. After the pressure of the pressure driving member 7 is removed, the spring 332 returns to its original position, driving the connecting plate 322 and the firing pin 31 to return to their original positions.

[0027] When assembling the processing mold, both the partition ring 2 and the striking pin stamping assembly 3 are placed in the positioning cylinder 1, with the outer walls of the partition ring 2 and the retainer 32 in contact with the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 1. In the non-processed blind hole area, multiple partition rings 2 are stacked sequentially to form a support, continuing until the blind hole processing area. In the blind hole processing area, the partition rings 2 and the retainer 32 are spaced apart. The partition rings 2 not only provide support for the retainer 32 but also form the row spacing between each row of blind holes. The striking pins 31 on the retainer 32 are located within the positioning slide 11 of the positioning cylinder 1. That is, for every row of blind holes on the bushing 4, the positioning slide 11 of the positioning cylinder 1 has a corresponding number of rows, and the striking pins 31 on the retainer 32 have a corresponding number of rows. After assembly, the spherical end of the firing pin 31 is located in the positioning slide 11 of the positioning cylinder 1, and the other end is suspended outside the retainer 32. The firing pin 31 is pushed out of the positioning slide 11 under the action of the external pressure drive 7, and a blind hole is punched on the inner wall of the bushing 4. When the pressure drive 7 is removed, the firing pin 31 is reset under the action of the springback device 33.

[0028] Example 2: Machining apparatus for blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing like Figure 9As shown, this embodiment includes a base 5, a clamp 6, a processing mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing of embodiment 1, and a pressure drive component 7. The base 5 has a stamping hole, and the clamp 6 is fixed to the base 5 for clamping the bushing 4. The clamp 6 adopts a four-jaw chuck of the prior art, is horizontally fixed to the base 5, and the clamp 6 is coaxially arranged with the stamping hole. Figure 10 As shown, each of the four chucks of the fixture 6 has a positioning hole 61, corresponding to the positions of the four locking pins 12 on the positioning cylinder 1. The pressure drive component 7 includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the base 5 and a punch head 8 fixed on the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The end of the punch head 8 is frustoconical. The punch head 8 is located above the fixture 6 and is coaxially arranged with the fixture 6. The processing mold of Embodiment 1 is inserted into the bushing 4. The pressure drive component 7 drives the punch head 8 to extend into the processing mold, which is used to squeeze the ejector pin 31 to move towards the inner wall of the bushing 4, and punch a blind hole on the bushing 4. During implementation, even if the punch head 8 tilts slightly during long-term use, it will cause the positioning cylinder 1 to generate a circumferential force after extending into the mold. However, the fixture 6 and the positioning cylinder 1 are positioned by the locking pins 12, which can prevent the positioning cylinder 1 from rotating, ensuring that the ejector pin 31 can punch a blind hole in the correct position, and further ensuring processing accuracy.

[0029] Example 3: Machining method for blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing This embodiment utilizes the machining device for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing from Embodiment 2 to machine the blind hole. The machining method includes: S1. Assembly mold: such as Figure 1 As shown, the assembly is performed according to the layout of the blind holes on the bushing 4. The partition ring 2 and the striker stamping assembly 3 are coaxially installed in the positioning cylinder 1, so that the outer walls of the partition ring 2 and the retainer 32 are in contact with the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 1. In the non-processed blind hole area, the partition ring 2 is stacked sequentially to form a support until it is stacked in the blind hole processing area. Then, in the blind hole processing area, the partition ring 2 and the retainer 32 are spaced apart, so that the striker 31 on each retainer 32 is aligned with each row of blind holes to be processed on the bushing 4. The striker 31 on the retainer 32 is located in the positioning slide 11 of the positioning cylinder 1, so that each row of striker 31 formed on all retainers 32 is aligned with each row of blind holes to be processed on the bushing 4. After assembly, the partition ring 2 forms the axial spacing of each row of blind holes, and the spacing of the positioning slide 11 forms the circumferential spacing of each row of blind holes, ensuring that the position of the striker 31 corresponds one-to-one with the outer position of the blind holes to be processed on the bushing 4.

[0030] S2. Install the mold: Position the mold coaxially inside the bushing 4, so that the outer wall of the mold is in contact with the inner wall of the bushing 4; S3. Install bushing: Assemble bushing 4 on fixture 6 so that bushing 4 and punch head 8 are coaxially set to ensure that punch head 8 accurately extends into the mold inside bushing 4. At the same time, insert locking pin 12 into positioning hole 61 of fixture 6 for circumferential positioning. S4, Stamping blind hole: Start the pressure drive 7 to insert the stamping head 8 into the mold and squeeze the ejector pin 31 to move towards the inner wall of the bushing 4. After stamping is completed, the stamping head 8 is withdrawn and the springback device 33 resets the ejector pin 31.

[0031] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining mold for a combined bushing inner wall blind hole, characterized in that, It includes a positioning cylinder, several partition rings, and several impact pin stamping assemblies; The positioning cylinder has multiple strip-shaped positioning slides on its circumferential surface. The positioning slides are evenly spaced along the circumference of the positioning cylinder. At least two locking pins for circumferential positioning are fixed on one end face of the positioning cylinder. The firing pin stamping assembly includes a firing pin for stamping a blind hole, a retainer for mounting the firing pin, and a spring-loaded device for resetting the firing pin. One end of the firing pin is a spherical surface that matches the blind hole, and the other end is suspended outside the retainer. The retainer is provided with a slide for mounting the firing pin, and the firing pin is movably positioned in the slide through the spring-loaded device. The outer walls of the separator ring and the cage are both in contact with the inner wall of the positioning cylinder. Each row of firing pins corresponds to a positioning slide on the positioning cylinder. The firing pin is pushed out of the positioning slide under the action of the external pressure drive and a blind hole is punched in the inner wall of the bushing. When the pressure drive is removed, the firing pin is reset under the action of the spring-loaded device. In the blind hole processing area, the separator ring and the cage are spaced apart, and the separator ring provides support for the cage. In the blind hole non-processing area, multiple separator rings are stacked in sequence.

2. The machining mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cage includes several U-shaped parts and several connecting plates. The U-shaped parts and connecting plates are connected in sequence at intervals to form a circular structure. The two ends of the connecting plates are slidably set on two adjacent U-shaped parts. The area between two adjacent U-shaped parts forms a slide for mounting the firing pin. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the firing pin and drives the firing pin to move. The connecting plate drives the firing pin to reset through a spring-loaded device.

3. The machining mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rebound device includes a slide rod fixed on the U-shaped part and a spring sleeved on the slide rod. Each U-shaped part has a rebound device fixed on both sides. The two ends of the connecting plate are slidably mounted on the two slide rods and abut against one end of the spring.

4. The machining mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both sides of the U-shaped component have through holes, and the slide rod is fixed in the through holes.

5. The machining mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The firing pin is provided with a locking groove, and the connecting plate is locked into the locking groove of the firing pin, thereby driving the firing pin to move.

6. The machining mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The closed side of the U-shaped component is an arc surface that is in contact with the positioning cylinder.

7. A combined bushing inner wall blind hole machining device, characterized in that, The device includes a base, a clamp, a processing mold for the blind hole in the inner wall of the combined bushing as described in any one of claims 1-6, and a pressure drive. The clamp is fixed on the base and is used to clamp the bushing. The clamp is provided with at least two positioning holes. The mold is inserted into the bushing, and the locking pin on the positioning cylinder is inserted into the positioning hole of the clamp for circumferential positioning. The pressure drive is fixed on the base and is used to squeeze the ejector pin to move towards the inner wall of the bushing.

8. The combined bushing inner wall blind hole machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure driving component includes a hydraulic cylinder and a punch head fixed on the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the end of which is frustum-shaped.

9. A method for machining blind holes in the inner wall of a combined bushing, characterized in that, The method for machining blind holes using the combined bushing inner wall blind hole machining device as described in claim 7 or 8 is as follows: S1. Assemble the mold: Assemble the mold according to the layout of the blind holes on the bushing. Coaxially install the partition ring and the striker punching device inside the positioning cylinder. In the non-processed area of ​​the blind holes, the partition rings are stacked in sequence to form a support. In the blind hole processing area, the partition rings and the cage are set at intervals. The striker on the cage is located in the positioning slide of the positioning cylinder, so that the partition rings form the axial spacing of each row of blind holes, and the spacing of the positioning slide forms the circumferential spacing of each column of blind holes. S2. Install the mold: Position the mold coaxially inside the bushing; S3. Install the bushing: Fit the bushing onto the fixture, making the bushing coaxial with the punch head, and insert the locking pin into the positioning hole of the fixture for circumferential positioning; S4, Stamping blind hole: Start the pressure drive to insert the stamping head into the mold, squeeze the ejector pin towards the inner wall of the bushing. After stamping is completed, the stamping head is withdrawn and the springback device resets the ejector pin.

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