Forging method for improving impact performance of AF1410 steel forge piece
By controlling the heating temperature and deformation amount in the forging process, the problem of uneven internal structure in large AF1410 steel forgings was solved, the impact performance of the forgings was improved and the production cost was reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511335954.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
AI Technical Summary
The lack of existing technology studies on the correspondence between forging process parameters and impact performance of large AF1410 steel forgings leads to uneven internal structure and poor impact performance of the forgings.
Specific forging methods are employed, including free forging and die forging steps, controlling the heating temperature and deformation amount. Forging is carried out separately using free forging hammers and die forging hammers to ensure that the difference in deformation between the straight section and the concave section is reduced, thereby improving the uniformity of the internal structure of the billet.
It significantly improves the impact performance of AF1410 steel forgings by 10J~30J, while reducing production costs and increasing productivity.
Smart Images
Figure CN120920644A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging technology, specifically to a forging method for improving the impact performance of AF1410 steel forgings. Background Technology
[0002] Large AF1410 steel forgings refer to forgings weighing over 200 kg and with an outer contour dimension exceeding 1000 mm. AF1410 steel is used in a variety of key aircraft models, and this material is also one of the key backbone materials selected for a certain main fighter jet.
[0003] Currently, there is no research on the correlation between forging process parameters and impact performance of large AF1410 steel forgings, and there are no suitable forging methods in China to improve the impact performance of raw materials. The influence of forging process parameters on the mechanical properties of forgings is quite complex, including heating temperature, holding time, deformation amount, number of forging passes, final forging temperature, post-forging cooling method, etc. Adjustments to each parameter may cause fluctuations in performance.
[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, the manufacturing method of AF1410 steel forged beams involves manufacturing bar stock into flat billets, then placing the billets into a die forging machine to press them into I-beams. During the process of pressing the flat billets into I-beams, the deformation in the middle part is greater than that at the edges, which will lead to uneven internal structure of the I-beams, resulting in poor impact performance. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a forging method for improving the impact performance of AF1410 steel forgings, which is used to improve the impact performance of AF1410 steel forging beams.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is a forging method for improving the impact performance of AF1410 steel forgings, comprising the following steps:
[0007] S1: Blank preparation
[0008] S11: Place the bar stock in a heating furnace and heat it to 980~1140℃. Hold it at the temperature for the first time to bring the core of the bar stock to the desired temperature, and then hold it at the temperature for the second time.
[0009] S12: Place the bar stock under a free forging hammer for free forging to forge the bar stock into a billet. The billet includes two straight sections and a concave section between the straight sections. The deformation of both the straight sections and the concave section is within the range of 30% to 80%, and the deformation of the concave section is greater than that of the straight sections.
[0010] S2: Die forging
[0011] S21: Place the billet in a heating furnace and heat it to 980~1140℃. Hold it at the temperature for the third time to bring the core of the billet to the desired temperature, and then hold it at the temperature for the fourth time.
[0012] S22: Place the billet under the forging hammer for the first heat forging, and control the deformation amount of the first heat forging within the range of 20% to 50%; repeat step S21, heat the billet after the first heat treatment a second time, place the billet after the second heat treatment under the forging hammer for the second heat forging, and control the deformation amount of the second heat forging not less than the deformation amount of the first heat forging within the range of 30% to 80%.
[0013] Furthermore, in steps S11 and S21, the calculation formula for the first time is (0.3~0.8×D1)min; the calculation formula for the second time is (0.3~0.5×D1)min; the calculation formula for the third time is (0.3~0.8×D2)min; and the calculation formula for the fourth time is (0.3~0.5×D2)min; where D1 is the maximum effective thickness of the bar stock, and the unit of D1 is mm; and where D2 is the maximum effective thickness of the billet per firing cycle, and the unit of D2 is mm.
[0014] Furthermore, in steps S11 and S21, the billet heating furnace is a large industrial resistance furnace, which meets or exceeds the Class III standard of GJB standard, and the furnace accuracy is ±10℃.
[0015] Furthermore, the free forging hammer is a 5-ton free forging hammer, and the die forging hammer is a 16-ton die forging hammer.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: a forging method for improving the impact performance of AF1410 steel forgings adopts new forging process parameters, reasonably reduces the heating temperature and heating time, reduces the difference in deformation of various parts during the die forging process, and improves the impact performance of the forgings by 10J~30J. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the existing technology for manufacturing I-beams;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the manufacturing process of the I-beam of this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0020] like Figure 2As shown, the forging method of the AF1410 steel forging of the present invention includes the following steps:
[0021] S1: Blank preparation
[0022] S11: Place the bar stock in a heating furnace and heat it to 980~1140℃. Hold it at the temperature for the first time to bring the core of the bar stock to the desired temperature, and then hold it at the temperature for the second time. The purpose of holding it at the temperature for the second time is to make the internal structure of the bar stock more uniform.
[0023] S12: The bar stock is placed under a free forging hammer for free forging to form a billet. The billet includes two straight sections and a concave section between the straight sections. The straight sections and the concave section are smoothly transitioned. The deformation of both the straight sections and the concave section is within the range of 30% to 80%, and the deformation of the concave section is greater than that of the straight sections.
[0024] S2: Die forging
[0025] S21: Place the billet in a heating furnace and heat it to 980~1140℃. Hold it for a third time to bring the core of the billet to the desired temperature, and then hold it for a fourth time. The purpose of holding it for a fourth time is to make the internal structure of the billet more uniform.
[0026] S22: Place the billet under the forging hammer for the first heat forging, and control the deformation amount of the first heat forging within the range of 20% to 50%; repeat step S21, heat the billet after the first heat treatment a second time, place the billet after the second heat treatment under the forging hammer for the second heat forging, and control the deformation amount of the second heat forging not less than the deformation amount of the first heat forging within the range of 30% to 80%.
[0027] In the billet preparation stage, the bar stock is freely forged into a billet that matches the I-beam. The billet includes two straight sections and a concave section between the straight sections. During die forging, the deformation of the two straight sections and the concave section is ensured to be the same. At the same time, by controlling the deformation of the first and second die forging, the difference in deformation of each part in the die forging process is reduced, which significantly improves the impact performance by 10J to 30J. While improving the quality of the forgings, this effectively reduces product costs and increases productivity.
[0028] Further, in steps S11 and S21, the calculation formula for the first time is (0.3~0.8×D1) min; the calculation formula for the second time is (0.3~0.5×D1) min; the calculation formula for the third time is (0.3~0.8×D2) min; and the calculation formula for the fourth time is (0.3~0.5×D2) min; where D1 is the maximum effective thickness of the bar stock, and D1 is in mm; and D2 is the maximum effective thickness of the billet per heating cycle, and D2 is in mm. Further, in steps S11 and S21, the billet heating furnace is a large industrial resistance furnace, which meets or exceeds the Class III standard of GJB standards, and the furnace accuracy is ±10℃.
[0029] Furthermore, during the heating process in steps S11 and S21, the temperature is first raised to 800°C and held at that temperature, and then raised to the heating temperature.
[0030] Furthermore, the free forging hammer is a 5-ton free forging hammer, and the die forging hammer is a 16-ton die forging hammer.
[0031] Example 1
[0032] (1) Raw materials: AF1410 alloy bars with a diameter of φ200mm.
[0033] (2) Heating equipment and heating system: large industrial resistance furnace, the accuracy of the resistance furnace is ±10℃. The heating temperature control is based on the display of the resistance furnace instrument. First, the bar stock is rapidly heated to 800℃ and held for 40 minutes, then rapidly heated to 980℃ and held for 60 minutes; then held at 980℃ for 60 minutes.
[0034] (3) Place the bar stock in a 5-ton free forging hammer for free forging to forge the bar stock into a billet. The billet includes two straight sections and a concave section between the straight sections. The thickness of the straight sections is 150 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 100 mm.
[0035] (4) The billet is rapidly heated to 800℃ and held for 40 minutes, then rapidly heated to 980℃ and held for 45 minutes; then held at 980℃ for 45 minutes. After holding, it is subjected to first-fire forging with a 16-ton forging hammer. After the first-fire forging, the thickness of the straight section of the billet is 110 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 70 mm. The billet after the first-fire treatment is rapidly heated to 800℃ and held for 40 minutes, then rapidly heated to 980℃ and held for 33 minutes; then held at 980℃ for 33 minutes. After holding, it is subjected to second-fire forging with a 16-ton forging hammer. After the second-fire forging, a forging is formed. The thickness of the straight section of the forging is 80 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 40 mm.
[0036] (5) Test the impact performance of forgings.
[0037] Example 2
[0038] (1) Raw materials: AF1410 alloy bars with a diameter of φ200mm.
[0039] (2) Heating equipment and heating system: large industrial resistance furnace, the accuracy of the resistance furnace is ±10℃. The heating temperature control is based on the display of the resistance furnace instrument. First, the bar stock is rapidly heated to 800℃ and held for 40 minutes, then rapidly heated to 1140℃ and held for 160 minutes; then held at 1140℃ for 100 minutes.
[0040] (3) Place the bar stock in a 5-ton free forging hammer for free forging to forge the bar stock into a billet. The billet includes two straight sections and a concave section between the straight sections. The thickness of the straight sections is 150 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 100 mm.
[0041] (4) The billet is rapidly heated to 800℃ and held for 40 minutes, then rapidly heated to 1140℃ and held for 80 minutes; then held at 1140℃ for 120 minutes. After holding, it is subjected to first-fire forging with a 16-ton forging hammer. After the first-fire forging, the thickness of the straight section of the billet is 110 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 70 mm. The billet after the first-fire treatment is rapidly heated to 800℃ and held for 40 minutes, then rapidly heated to 1140℃ and held for 88 minutes; then held at 1140℃ for 55 minutes. After holding, it is subjected to second-fire forging with a 16-ton forging hammer. After the second-fire forging, a forging is formed. The thickness of the straight section of the forging is 80 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 40 mm.
[0042] (5) Test the impact performance of forgings.
[0043] Comparative Example 1
[0044] (1) Raw materials: AF1410 alloy bars with a diameter of φ200mm.
[0045] (2) Heating equipment and heating system: large industrial resistance furnace, the accuracy of the resistance furnace is ±10℃. The heating temperature control is based on the display of the resistance furnace instrument, the bar stock is heated to 980℃, and the core of the bar stock is heated to the required temperature.
[0046] (3) Place the bar stock in a 5-ton free forging hammer for free forging to forge the bar stock into a flat billet with a thickness of 150mm.
[0047] (4) Heat the billet to 980°C and bring the core of the billet to the temperature. Then place the billet on a 16-ton forging hammer for die forging. After die forging, form a forging. The thickness of the straight section of the forging is 80 mm and the thickness of the concave section is 40 mm.
[0048] (5) Test the impact performance of forgings.
[0049] Comparative Example 2
[0050] (1) Raw materials: AF1410 alloy bars with a diameter of φ200mm.
[0051] (2) Heating equipment and heating system: large industrial resistance furnace, the accuracy of the resistance furnace is ±10℃. The heating temperature control is based on the display of the resistance furnace instrument, the bar stock is heated to 1140℃, and the core of the bar stock is heated to the required temperature.
[0052] (3) Place the bar stock in a 5-ton free forging hammer for free forging to forge the bar stock into a flat billet with a thickness of 150mm.
[0053] (4) Heat the billet to 1140℃ and bring the core of the billet to the temperature. Then place the billet on a 16-ton forging hammer for die forging. After die forging, form a forging. The thickness of the straight section of the forging is 80mm and the thickness of the concave section is 40mm.
[0054] (5) Test the impact performance of forgings.
[0055] The impact performance of Examples 1, 2, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 was tested, and the test results are shown in the table below.
[0056]
[0057] As shown in the table above, the impact performance of forgings produced using this method is significantly higher than that produced using traditional methods. This method involves testing the impact performance of the raw materials before and after forging. Traditional methods involve heating the bar stock and then forming a slab using a free forging hammer. The slab is then heated again and forged into a finished forging using a die forging hammer. This results in inconsistent deformation between the straight and concave sections, leading to poor impact performance. In this invention, the bar stock is formed into straight and concave sections suitable for the forging during the billet manufacturing process using a free forging hammer. Heat treatment ensures a uniform internal structure, followed by two forging cycles using a die forging hammer. This ensures consistent deformation between the straight and concave sections in each cycle, resulting in a more uniform internal structure and better impact performance.
[0058] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A forging method for improving the impact properties of AF1410 steel forgings, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: Blank preparation S11: Place the bar stock in a heating furnace and heat it to 980~1140℃. Hold it at the temperature for the first time to bring the core of the bar stock to the desired temperature, and then hold it at the temperature for the second time. S12: Place the bar stock under a free forging hammer for free forging to forge the bar stock into a billet. The billet includes two straight sections and a concave section between the straight sections. The deformation of both the straight sections and the concave section is within the range of 30% to 80%, and the deformation of the concave section is greater than that of the straight sections. S2: Die forging S21: Place the billet in a heating furnace and heat it to 980~1140℃. Hold it at the temperature for the third time to bring the core of the billet to the desired temperature, and then hold it at the temperature for the fourth time. S22: Place the billet under the forging hammer for the first heat forging, and control the deformation amount of the first heat forging within the range of 20% to 50%; repeat step S21, heat the billet after the first heat treatment a second time, place the billet after the second heat treatment under the forging hammer for the second heat forging, and control the deformation amount of the second heat forging not less than the deformation amount of the first heat forging within the range of 30% to 80%.
2. The forging method for improving the impact properties of AF1410 steel forgings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S11 and S21, the calculation formula for the first time is (0.3~0.8×D1)min; the calculation formula for the second time is (0.3~0.5×D1)min; the calculation formula for the third time is (0.3~0.8×D2)min; and the calculation formula for the fourth time is (0.3~0.5×D2)min; where D1 is the maximum effective thickness of the bar stock, and the unit of D1 is mm; and where D2 is the maximum effective thickness of the billet per firing cycle, and the unit of D2 is mm.
3. The forging method for improving the impact properties of AF1410 steel forgings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: During the heating process in steps S11 and S21, the temperature is first raised to 800°C and held at that temperature, and then raised to the heating temperature.
4. The forging method for improving the impact properties of AF1410 steel forgings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S11 and S21, the billet heating furnace is a large industrial resistance furnace, which meets or exceeds the Class III standard of GJB standard, and the furnace accuracy is ±10℃.
5. A forging method for improving the impact properties of AF1410 steel forgings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The free forging hammer is a 5-ton free forging hammer, and the die forging hammer is a 16-ton die forging hammer.