Clamping and leveling method and clamping and leveling device for assisting variable-diameter cylinder detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping and leveling method and a clamping and leveling device for assisting variable-diameter barrel detection. The clamping and leveling method comprises the steps of barrel parameter acquisition, centering, positioning, leveling and the like. When the device is applied to a clamping and leveling device, through feedback interaction between a control system and the two supporting seats, the two supporting seats can be subjected to height adjustment after transversely moving in place, so that corresponding wide-diameter and narrow-diameter sections are stably supported, a variable-diameter barrel is kept in a horizontal state before detection, and the detection precision and efficiency of the barrel are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cylinder inspection, and in particular to a clamping and leveling method and device for assisting in the inspection of variable diameter cylinders. Background Technology

[0002] Circular thin-walled cylinders are widely used in the aerospace field. These cylinders have thin walls and require extremely high manufacturing precision. They can be used as components in rocket pipelines or combustion chambers. Therefore, comprehensive error detection is required for such thin-walled cylinders.

[0003] Traditional mechanical inspection tools suffer from inaccuracy and low efficiency. Therefore, with social development, a method for automatically detecting cylinder errors has emerged. This method involves setting up a reference coordinate system around the cylinder, which includes multiple reference marks surrounding the workpiece. Multiple photos are then taken from different angles using a scanning method. The photos are then transmitted back to the central control system for 3D model fitting to determine whether the cylinder's various parameters meet the requirements.

[0004] In most cylinders, each section has the same diameter. During testing, it needs to be clamped onto an auxiliary testing device. The auxiliary testing device includes a base and a base at the top of the base. The base can rotate horizontally to align the position of the cylinder with the scanning equipment. The base has two support seats of the same height, spaced apart along the length of the cylinder. Placing the cylinder symmetrically on the support seats completes the clamping, keeping the cylinder horizontal so that the scanning equipment can take pictures of various positions of the cylinder. However, this clamping method is not suitable for cylinders with variable diameters.

[0005] A variable diameter cylinder has multiple cylinder sections, which are divided into a wide diameter section and a narrow diameter section, as well as a transition section between the wide and narrow diameter sections. Common variable diameter cylinders include two-section variable diameter cylinders and three-section variable diameter cylinders. A two-section variable diameter cylinder has a wide diameter section and a narrow diameter section, as well as a transition section with a wedge-shaped cross-section connecting the two. A three-section variable diameter cylinder usually has a wide diameter section and narrow diameter sections connecting the two ends of the wide diameter section. In addition, some three-section variable diameter cylinders have a narrow diameter section and a wide diameter section connecting the two ends of the narrow diameter section.

[0006] The aforementioned variable-diameter cylinders have different cylinder section lengths and outer diameters. During clamping, the height support positions of the two support seats for different cylinder sections are also different. Therefore, the height of the corresponding support seats needs to be adjusted. However, manual adjustment has large errors and can easily lead to clamping misalignment. When the base rotates, it not only makes the cylinder easy to move along the axial direction, but also causes deviations when the scanning equipment takes pictures, making the fitted three-dimensional model inconsistent with the actual cylinder, affecting the efficiency and accuracy of the detection. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a clamping and leveling method and device for assisting in the detection of variable diameter cylinders. After obtaining the length and outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment of the variable diameter cylinder, the control system interacts with the two support seats to adjust the height of the two support seats after they are moved into place, thereby providing stable support for the corresponding wide and narrow diameter segments. This ensures that the variable diameter cylinder remains horizontal before detection, improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of the cylinder.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A clamping and leveling method for assisting in the detection of variable diameter cylinders includes the following steps: S1: Obtaining cylinder parameters; The control system obtains the outer diameter and length parameters of each section of the variable diameter cylinder and derives the total length parameter of the variable diameter cylinder. S2: Centering; Move the variable diameter cylinder to be tested above two supports that can move horizontally and vertically, and align the center position between the two supports with the center position of the variable diameter cylinder; S3: Positioning; The control system controls the two support seats to move closer or further away from each other to a predetermined position according to the total length parameter, so that the two support seats correspond to the positions of the wide-diameter section or narrow-diameter section of the cylinder respectively; S4: Leveling; The control system obtains the outer diameter difference between the wide and narrow diameter sections corresponding to the predetermined positions of the two support seats. Then, the control system controls the corresponding support seat to move vertically according to the outer diameter difference so that the variable diameter cylinder remains horizontal after being placed on the two support seats.

[0009] Preferably, in step S1, the control system determines that the total length of the variable diameter cylinder is N; in step S3, the distance from the predetermined position to the center position between the two support seats is d, where N / 2>d≥N / 4; Step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S3a: The control system first controls the two support seats to move closer or further apart from each other based on the total length parameter, so that the distance between each support seat and the center position is N / 4; S3b: The control system determines whether there is a support seat in the transition section of the variable diameter cylinder. If neither support seat is in the transition section, proceed to step S4. If at least one support seat is in the transition section, proceed to steps S3c-S4. S3c: Based on the length parameters of each cylinder segment in step S1, the control system obtains the length of the corresponding transition segment, and controls the two support seats to move away from each other to the corresponding wide-diameter segment or narrow-diameter segment according to the length of the transition segment.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3c, when a single support is in the transition section position, the control system calculates the length of the corresponding transition section, and then controls the two supports to move away from each other, so that the moving distance of each support is greater than or equal to the length of the corresponding transition section; when both supports are in the transition section position, the control system calculates the length of the transition section corresponding to each of the two supports and compares the lengths to select the longest transition section; then the control system controls the two supports to move away from each other, so that the moving distance of each support is greater than or equal to the length of the longest transition section; to ensure that the two supports completely avoid the transition section and contact the corresponding wide-diameter section or narrow-diameter section.

[0011] Preferably, after step S4, there is another step: S5: Preset leveling detection module: The leveling detection module includes a movable seat controlled by the control system and moving longitudinally, and a leveling monitoring component electrically connected to the control system. Two floating heads at the same height position are arranged at intervals along the cylinder axis on the movable seat. Each floating head can float vertically relative to the movable seat. When the two floating heads have relative displacement in the vertical direction and are not at the same height position, the leveling monitoring component can generate and feed back a leveling signal to the control system. S6: Levelness detection; Select any wide or narrow diameter section between the two supports on the variable diameter cylinder as the measurement section, and move the leveling detection module above the measurement section; then control the movable seat to descend. If both floating heads contact the measurement section at the same time, the levelness monitoring component will not generate a leveling signal, and step S7 will not be performed; if one floating head contacts the measurement section and floats upward, and the other floating head separates from the measurement section, the levelness monitoring component will generate a leveling signal and feed it back to the control system. S7: Secondary leveling; Based on the leveling signal, the control system identifies the side where the floating head separated from the measurement section is located as the leveling side, and synchronously controls the support seat located on the leveling side to rise to lift the cylinder. The lifted cylinder forces the floating head on the leveling side to float upward, so that the two floating heads are at the same height position again; thereby ensuring that the variable diameter cylinder is completely horizontal after clamping.

[0012] Preferably, in step S5, the levelness monitoring component is a microswitch located at the bottom of each floating head and electrically connected to the control system. When the microswitch is subjected to external force, it can generate a signal and feed it back to the control system. In step S6, if the signals generated by the two microswitches are fed back to the control system simultaneously, the control system controls the movable seat to reset upwards, and step S7 is not executed. If only a signal from a single microswitch is fed back to the control system, step S7 is executed. In step S7, when the cylinder is raised to a horizontal position, another microswitch is triggered to generate and feed back a second signal to the control system. The control system controls the corresponding support seat to stop rising based on the second signal.

[0013] Preferably, an elastic element is provided between each floating head and the movable seat. When the corresponding floating head contacts the measuring section, the elastic element deforms, causing the floating head to move upward by a predetermined length and then remain in the corresponding position. The elastic element can act as a contact buffer to prevent surface damage to the floating head or the measuring section. After the measurement is completed, the elastic element can reset the floating head for the next leveling test.

[0014] Preferably, the levelness monitoring component is a photoelectric sensor installed on one of the floating heads and electrically connected to the control system. The photoelectric sensor can emit a horizontal detection light. The other floating head is provided with a through hole corresponding to the detection light. When the two floating heads are at the same height, the detection light passes through the through hole and no leveling signal is generated. When the two floating heads are not at the same height, the photoelectric sensor and the through hole are misaligned, and the detection light is blocked. At this time, the photoelectric sensor generates a leveling signal and feeds it back to the control system.

[0015] The clamping and leveling device includes: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the length and outer diameter parameters of each section of the variable diameter cylinder and feed them back to the control system. The gripping module is used to grip and move the variable diameter cylinder above the two support seats so that the middle position of the variable diameter cylinder coincides with the center position between the two support seats. The position adjustment module includes a base and two sliding seats that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the cylinder and slidably connected to the base. Each sliding seat is slidably connected in the longitudinal direction to a lifting seat for connecting with a support seat. The drive module includes a lateral drive component and a longitudinal drive component. The lateral drive component includes a first motor that is electrically connected to the control system and drives the corresponding sliding seat to slide. The first motor and the corresponding sliding seat are connected through a lateral transmission component. The longitudinal drive component includes a second motor that is electrically connected to the control system and drives the corresponding lifting seat to slide. The second motor and the corresponding lifting seat are connected through a longitudinal transmission component.

[0016] Preferably, the parameter acquisition module includes a movable base that travels along the axial direction of the cylinder. An online diameter gauge and a laser encoder with corresponding positions are installed on the movable base. Both the online diameter gauge and the laser encoder are electrically connected to the control system. When the movable base travels from one end of the cylinder to the other end, the online diameter gauge acquires and feeds back the outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment to the control system one by one. The laser encoder acquires and feeds back the start position parameters and end position parameters of each cylinder segment to the control system simultaneously, so that the control system can derive the length parameters and outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment based on the outer diameter position parameters and position parameters.

[0017] Preferably, both the transverse transmission assembly and the longitudinal transmission assembly are lead screw and nut mechanisms; the output end of the first motor is connected to a first lead screw that extends laterally and rotates in place, and a first nut that is screwed onto the first lead screw and connected to the sliding seat; the output end of the second motor is connected to a second lead screw that extends vertically and rotates in place, and a second nut that is screwed onto the second lead screw and connected to the lifting seat.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention, which adopts the above technical solution, are as follows: This invention obtains the length and outer diameter parameters of each section of the variable diameter cylinder through a control system. Then, based on these parameters, it controls two support seats to move closer or further apart to positions corresponding to the wide and narrow diameter sections of the cylinder. Based on the outer diameter difference between the corresponding wide and narrow diameter sections, it controls the corresponding support seats to rise and fall, so that the two support seats can support the corresponding wide and narrow diameter sections. This ensures that the variable diameter cylinder remains horizontal after being placed on the two support seats, avoiding problems such as clamping misalignment caused by manual operation, and improving the efficiency of variable diameter cylinder detection and the accuracy of 3D modeling.

[0019] After clamping and leveling, the variable diameter cylinder is already in a horizontal state. However, due to the objectively existing cumulative error, the variable diameter cylinder is still in a slightly tilted state. Therefore, in order to ensure that the clamping level of the variable diameter cylinder meets the predetermined requirements, the present invention performs secondary leveling on the variable diameter cylinder through a leveling and detection module electrically connected to the control system. This ensures that each variable diameter cylinder is completely horizontal before testing, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of batch variable diameter cylinder testing. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the position adjustment module in the clamping and leveling device. Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the parameter acquisition module moving to obtain the length and outer diameter parameters of each cylinder section; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing two supports moving closer to each other to their corresponding wide and narrow diameter sections; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the rising of the support base corresponding to the narrow diameter section; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a variable-diameter cylinder placed on two support bases. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the transition section on the cylinder when the two support seats are moved to the N / 4 position; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing how the two supports are moved away from each other, avoiding the transition section, and moving to the corresponding wide and narrow diameter sections. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling and detection module. Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the leveling detection module structure from another angle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing one of the floating heads contacting the measuring section when the variable diameter cylinder is in a slightly tilted state. Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing how the leveling support rises to bring the two floating heads to the same height. Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the method steps of the present invention; The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-base, 2-base, 3-sliding seat, 31-guide seat, 4-lifting seat, 5-support seat, 6-first motor, 61-first lead screw, 7-second motor, 71-second lead screw, 8-moving seat, 81-online diameter gauge, 82-laser encoder, a-narrow diameter section, b-transition section, A-wide diameter section, 9-frame, 91-lifting arm, 92-mounting seat, 93-power motor, 931-vertical lead screw, 932-vertical lead nut, 933-connecting seat, 94-movable seat, 95-levelness measuring component, 951-floating head, 952-micro switch, 953-fixed seat, 954-telescopic rod, 955-elastic element, 96-levelness monitoring component, 961-through hole, 962-detection light. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0022] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] The specific implementation of this invention is as follows: The existing clamping device includes a base 1 and a base 2 rotatably connected to the upper end of the base 1. Two support seats 5, spaced apart along the axial direction of the cylinder, are slidably connected to the base 2. The two sliding support seats 5 can move closer or further apart to support cylinders of different lengths. The base 2 can rotate horizontally on the upper end of the base 1 to facilitate scanning and imaging of different positions on the cylinder by the scanning equipment. However, for variable-diameter cylinders, since the outer diameters of different cylinder sections are different, the height of the corresponding support seats 5 is also different. Manually adjusting the height of the support seats 5 results in large errors and is inconvenient. Based on these problems, if... Figure 1-11 As shown, this embodiment provides a clamping and leveling method for assisting in the detection of variable diameter cylinders, including the following steps: S1: Obtaining cylinder parameters; The control system obtains the outer diameter and length parameters of each cylinder section of the variable diameter cylinder and obtains the total length parameter of the variable diameter cylinder; The control system can obtain the parameters of each cylinder section by manual input by the operator or by real-time acquisition using an automatic measuring device; After obtaining the length parameter of each cylinder section, the control system is equivalent to a controller (not shown), which can add up all the cylinder sections and obtain the total length N of the entire variable diameter cylinder; S2: Centering; Move the variable diameter cylinder to be tested above two support seats 5 that can move horizontally and vertically, and align the center position between the two support seats 5 with the center position of the variable diameter cylinder; the center position of the variable diameter cylinder refers to the midpoint between the two ends of the variable diameter cylinder, and the center position refers to the midpoint between the two support seats 5, so as to ensure that the two support seats 5 are symmetrically supported at the lower end of the variable diameter cylinder; S3: Positioning; e.g., Figure 3 As shown, the control system controls the two support seats 5 to move closer or further away from each other to a predetermined position according to the total length parameter, so that the two support seats 5 correspond to the position of the wide diameter section A or the narrow diameter section a of the cylinder respectively; at this time, the two support seats 5 are still symmetrical about the center position and are respectively facing the corresponding narrow diameter section a or wide diameter section A. S4: Leveling; as shown Figure 4-5 As shown, the control system obtains the outer diameter difference between the wide diameter segment A and the narrow diameter segment a corresponding to the predetermined positions of the two support seats 5. Then, the control system controls the corresponding support seat 5 to move vertically according to the outer diameter difference, changing the height position of the corresponding support seat 5 so that each support seat 5 can support the corresponding wide diameter segment A or narrow diameter segment a, so that the variable diameter cylinder remains horizontal after being placed on the two support seats 5.

[0024] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the support positions of the two support seats 5 only need to maintain a certain distance from the center position. However, in order to improve the support stability of the two support seats 5 on the variable diameter cylinder, in step S3, the distance between the predetermined position and the center position between the two support seats 5 is d, N / 2>d≥N / 4, so that the two support seats 5 form a sufficient support span for the variable diameter cylinder, avoiding the formation of a long "cantilever" on the outer side of the two support seats 5, so that the variable diameter cylinder can maintain good stability when the base 2 drives the variable diameter cylinder to rotate; at the same time, in order to avoid the suspended cylinder part between the two support seats 5 being too long, the distance between the two support seats 5 and the center position is preferably N / 4 in this embodiment.

[0025] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each support 5 supports the wide diameter section A and the narrow diameter section a of the variable diameter cylinder, rather than the wedge-shaped transition section b. This is because the transition section b between the wide diameter section A and the narrow diameter section a has a wedge-shaped cross-section, resulting in a line contact rather than a surface contact between the transition section b and the support 5. Insufficient support contact area would affect the stability of the cylinder. Therefore, in step S3, to prevent the support 5 from moving to a position N / 4 away from the center position and then becoming opposite to the position of the transition section b, step S3 in this embodiment includes the following sub-steps: S3a: The control system first controls the two support seats 5 to move closer or further apart from each other according to the total length parameter, so that the distance between each support seat 5 and the center position is N / 4; S3b: Since the control system has obtained the length parameters of all sections of the variable diameter cylinder, the control system can determine whether the position N / 4 away from the middle of the variable diameter cylinder is the transition section b based on the length parameters of each section, and then determine whether there is a support 5 in the transition section b of the variable diameter cylinder. If neither support 5 is in the transition section b, then continue to execute step S4; if at least one support 5 is in the transition section b, then execute steps S3c-S4. S3c: Based on the length parameters of each cylinder segment in step S1, the control system determines the length of the corresponding transition segment b, and controls the two support seats 5 to move away from each other to the corresponding wide-diameter segment A or narrow-diameter segment a according to the length of the transition segment b; specifically, as Figure 6-7 As shown, in step S3c, when a single support 5 is in the transition section b position, the control system calculates the length of the corresponding transition section b. Then, the control system controls the two support 5 to move away from each other, ensuring that the movement distance of each support 5 is greater than or equal to the length of the corresponding transition section b, thus ensuring that the corresponding support 5 completely leaves the position of the transition section b. When the variable diameter cylinder is a three-section variable diameter cylinder, and both support 5 are in the transition section b position, the control system calculates the length of the transition section b corresponding to each of the two support 5 and compares the lengths to select the longest transition section b. Then, the control system controls the two support 5 to move away from each other, ensuring that the movement distance of each support 5 is greater than or equal to the length of the longest transition section b. For example, if the length of the transition section b corresponding to one support 5 on the variable diameter cylinder is 200mm, and the length of the transition section b corresponding to the other support 5 is 300mm, then the two support 5 are controlled to move away from each other and move a distance greater than or equal to 300mm to ensure that the two support 5 completely avoid the transition section b and contact the corresponding wide diameter section A or narrow diameter section a.

[0026] Furthermore, the difference in outer diameter between the wide-diameter segment A and the narrow-diameter segment a corresponding to the positions of the two support seats 5 is c. Therefore, the difference in radius between the wide-diameter segment A and the narrow-diameter segment a is c / 2. Thus, in step S4, the height of the support seat 5 corresponding to the position of the narrow-diameter segment a only needs to be c / 2 higher than the support height of the support seat 5 corresponding to the position of the wide-diameter segment A. Based on this requirement, the control system can control the lifting and lowering of a single support seat 5, or control the lifting and lowering of two support seats 5. Specifically, the control system can control the support seat 5 corresponding to the position of the narrow-diameter segment a to rise by a distance of c / 2; or, the control system can control the support seat 5 corresponding to the position of the wide-diameter segment A to fall by a distance of c / 2; or, the control system can control the support seat 5 corresponding to the position of the wide-diameter segment A to fall by a distance of c / 4, while simultaneously controlling the support seat 5 corresponding to the position of the narrow-diameter segment a to rise by a distance of c / 4. This creates a height difference of c / 2 between the two support seats 5, thereby synchronously supporting the wide-diameter segment A and the narrow-diameter segment a.

[0027] Furthermore, when the variable-diameter cylinder reaches step S4, it is already in a roughly leveled state. However, due to the accumulation of various errors such as mechanical errors and positional errors, the variable-diameter cylinder is still in a slightly tilted state. Therefore, in order to further improve the levelness and ensure the detection accuracy, a secondary leveling step is performed after step S4. S5: Pre-set leveling detection module: such as Figure 8-9 As shown, the leveling detection module includes a movable seat 94 controlled by the control system and moving longitudinally, and a leveling monitoring component electrically connected to the control system. Two floating heads 951 at the same height are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cylinder on the movable seat 94. The floating heads 951 and the leveling monitoring component constitute a leveling detection assembly 95. Each floating head 951 can float vertically relative to the movable seat 94. When the two floating heads 951 have relative displacement in the vertical direction and are not at the same height, the leveling monitoring component can generate and feed back a leveling signal to the control system. The control system can determine the necessity of secondary leveling of the variable diameter cylinder based on whether a leveling signal is received. Furthermore, the leveling and testing module also includes a frame 9, on which a lifting arm 91 is connected for lifting. A mounting base 92 is connected to the top of the lifting arm. A power component is provided between the mounting base 92 and the movable base 94. The power component includes a power motor 93 electrically connected to the control system. The power motors 93 are symmetrically arranged. Each power motor 93 is connected to the movable base 94 through a linkage component. The linkage component includes a vertical lead screw 931 connected to the output end of the power motor 93 and a vertical lead nut 932 connected to the movable base 94. The vertical lead screw 931 and the vertical lead nut 932 are screwed together to drive the movable base 92 to lift.

[0028] S6: Levelness Detection; Select any wide diameter segment A or narrow diameter segment a located between the two support seats 5 on the variable diameter cylinder as the measuring segment, and move the leveling detection module above the measuring segment; then control the movable seat 94 to descend. If both floating heads 951 simultaneously contact the measuring segment, the levelness monitoring component will not generate a leveling signal, which means that the variable diameter cylinder is completely level and no secondary leveling is required. Therefore, step S7 is not performed. Figure 10 As shown, if one of the floating heads 951 contacts the measuring section and floats upward, while the other floating head 951 separates from the measuring section, this means that the end of the variable diameter cylinder that contacts the corresponding floating head 951 tilts upward. In this case, the leveling monitoring component generates a leveling signal and feeds it back to the control system. S7: Secondary leveling; such as Figure 11 As shown, the control system identifies the side where the floating head 951, which is separated from the measurement section, is located as the leveling side based on the leveling signal, and synchronously controls the support seat 5 located on the leveling side to rise to lift the cylinder. The lifted cylinder will exert an upward force on the floating head 951 on the leveling side, forcing the floating head 951 on the leveling side to float upward, so that the two floating heads 951 are at the same height position again; thereby ensuring that the variable diameter cylinder is completely horizontal after clamping; especially when performing batch testing, it can effectively ensure that each variable diameter cylinder is in a completely level state.

[0029] Furthermore, the design of the floating head 951, which can float up and down, allows the floating head 951 to form a floating, non-rigid contact with the measuring section, avoiding deformation of the variable-diameter cylinder. The floating head 951's up and down movement is achieved through an elastic element 955. Specifically, an elastic element 955 is provided between each floating head 951 and the movable seat 94. The elastic element 955 can be any of a compression spring, a gas spring, or a tension spring; this embodiment uses a compression spring as the elastic element 955 for explanation. The movable seat 94 is provided with a fixed seat 953, which is a tubular structure. A telescopic seat 954 is slidably connected along the longitudinal direction of the fixed seat 953. The telescopic seat 954 is a rod-shaped structure. A compression spring is sleeved on the telescopic seat 954 and supported between the fixed seat 953 and the floating head 951. When the corresponding floating head 951 contacts the measuring section, the elastic element 955 deforms, causing the floating head 951 to move upward by a predetermined length and then remain in the corresponding position. The elastic element 955 can play a contact buffering role to avoid surface damage to the floating head 951 or the measuring section. After the measurement is completed, the elastic element 955 can reset the floating head 951 for the next leveling test.

[0030] Furthermore, the levelness monitoring device in this embodiment has multiple implementations. Specifically, in step S5, the levelness monitoring device is a microswitch 952 located at the bottom of each floating head 951 and electrically connected to the control system. When the microswitch 952 is subjected to external force, it can generate a signal and feed it back to the control system. In step S6, if the signals generated by the two microswitches 952 are fed back to the control system simultaneously, it indicates that the variable diameter cylinder is in a level state. At this time, the control system will control the power motor 93 to rotate and the movable seat 94 to reset upward, completing the levelness detection, and step S7 will not be executed. If only the signal of a single microswitch 952 is fed back to the control system, it indicates that the variable diameter cylinder is in an inclined state, and step S7 needs to be executed to lift the variable diameter cylinder. In step S7, when the cylinder is lifted to a level state, another microswitch 952 is triggered to generate and feed back a second signal to the control system. Thus, there is an interval between the time when the signals generated by the two microswitches 952 are fed back to the control system. At this time, the control system controls the corresponding support seat 5 to stop rising according to the second signal, so that the variable diameter cylinder is kept in a level state.

[0031] Furthermore, the elastic element 955 also ensures that the micro switch 952 generates a signal and feeds it back to the control system after being subjected to a predetermined contact force. Specifically, the core of the micro switch 952 is a spring mechanism. When a certain pressure is applied externally, it pushes the internal spring. When the pressure reaches a critical point, the spring deforms instantaneously, thereby quickly closing or opening the contacts. This design is existing technology and will not be elaborated here. When the micro switch 952 is in contact with the measuring section, the reverse force of the measuring section on the micro switch 952 is small. At this time, the elastic element 955 begins to deform. According to Hooke's Law, the greater the compression distance of the spring, the greater the elastic force generated. Therefore, as the movable seat 94 continues to descend, the floating head 951 floats upward, and the elastic element deforms further, making the pressure of the micro switch 952 contacting the measuring section increasingly greater. When the pressure reaches a critical value, the micro switch 952 will be sensitively triggered, generating and feeding back a signal to the control system.

[0032] Furthermore, the levelness monitoring component can also be a photoelectric sensor 96 installed on one of the floating heads 951 and electrically connected to the control system. The photoelectric sensor 96 can emit a level detection light 962. The other floating head 951 is provided with a through hole 961 corresponding to the detection light 962. In step S6, if both floating heads 951 act on the measuring section at the same height, the detection light 962 passes through the through hole 961 and does not generate a leveling signal. When only one floating head 951 is in contact with the measuring section, causing the two floating heads 951 to be at different heights, the photoelectric sensor 96 and the through hole 961 are misaligned, and the detection light 962 is blocked. At this time, the photoelectric sensor 96 generates a leveling signal and feeds it back to the control system to execute the secondary leveling process in step S7.

[0033] Furthermore, the movable seat 94 includes a main body, with two floating heads 951 disposed at the lower end of the main body. When the power motor 93 is working, the vertical lead screw 932 slides on the rotating vertical lead screw 931 to drive the movable seat 94 to rise and fall. To prevent the vertical lead screw 931 from extending beyond the lower end of the main body and blocking the detection light 962 when the vertical lead screw 932 slides, thereby ensuring the accuracy of horizontal detection, the movable seat 91 also includes a connecting seat 933 at the upper end of the main body corresponding to the vertical lead screw 932. The connecting seat 933 has the aforementioned vertical lead screw 933 at its upper end. A distance is left between the vertical nut 933 and the body, which is equivalent to a vertical margin, to prevent the vertical screw 931 from exceeding the lower end of the body when the vertical nut 933 slides; at the same time, the connecting seat 933 has a clearance hole corresponding to the position of the vertical screw 931, so as to avoid the vertical screw 931 when the vertical nut 932 slides; the length of the clearance hole is greater than the length of the vertical screw 931, so as to ensure that the vertical screw 931 never exceeds the lower end of the body, and at the same time, it can also surround part of the rod of the vertical screw 931 to prevent it from being completely exposed.

[0034] Based on the above clamping and leveling method, this embodiment provides a clamping and leveling device, including: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the length and outer diameter parameters of each section of the variable-diameter cylinder and feed them back to the control system; for example... Figure 2 As shown, the parameter acquisition module in this embodiment includes a movable seat 8 that travels along the axial direction of the cylinder. Rollers can be mounted on the movable seat 8 for movement, or a guide rail parallel to the length direction of the variable-diameter cylinder can be separately provided, allowing the movable seat 8 to slide against the guide rail. An online diameter gauge 81 and a laser encoder 82 are mounted on the movable seat 8. Both the online diameter gauge 81 and the laser encoder 82 are electrically connected to the control system. The online diameter gauge 81 emits a laser beam and measures the outer diameter of each cylinder section in a non-contact manner by measuring the time the laser beam is blocked. The online diameter gauge 81 is an existing device... The details are omitted here; the laser encoder 82 is also an existing electrical component, which is equivalent to a position sensor. It can detect the start and end positions of each cylinder segment through laser. When the moving seat 8 moves from one end of the cylinder to the other, the online diameter measuring instrument 81 acquires and feeds back the outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment to the control system one by one. The laser encoder 82 acquires and feeds back the start and end position parameters of each cylinder segment to the control system at the same time, so that the control system can derive the length and outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment based on the outer diameter position parameters and position parameters. Specifically, for example, when the moving seat 8 starts to move, the online diameter measuring instrument 81 acquires the outer diameter parameter of a wide diameter section A and feeds it back to the control system. The laser encoder 82 simultaneously acquires the initial position parameter of the wide diameter section A and feeds it back to the control system. When the online diameter measuring instrument 81 moves to the initial position of the transition section b, which is the end position of the wide diameter section A, the outer diameter parameter measured by the online diameter measuring instrument 81 begins to gradually decrease. At this time, the laser encoder 82 can also simultaneously acquire the position parameter. The control system can determine the length of the wide diameter section A based on the difference between the two position parameters. The gripping module is used to grip and move the variable diameter cylinder above the two support seats so that the middle position of the variable diameter cylinder coincides with the center position between the two support seats 5; the gripping module is usually an electrically controlled robotic arm or electromagnet device. The position adjustment module includes a base 2 and two sliding seats 3 that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the cylinder and slidably connected to the base 2. Each sliding seat 3 is slidably connected in the longitudinal direction to a lifting seat 4 for connection with a support seat 5. Specifically, each sliding seat 3 is symmetrically provided with a longitudinally extending guide tube, and the lifting seat 4 is provided with a sliding column slidably connected in the corresponding guide tube. The drive module includes a lateral drive component and a longitudinal drive component. The lateral drive component includes a first motor 6 electrically connected to the control system and driving the corresponding sliding seat 3 to slide. The first motor 6 and the corresponding sliding seat 3 are connected through a lateral transmission component. The longitudinal drive component includes a second motor 7 electrically connected to the control system and driving the corresponding lifting seat 4 to slide. The second motor 7 and the corresponding lifting seat 4 are connected through a longitudinal transmission component. The control system can electrically control the operation of the first motor 6 and the second motor 7 to control the horizontal sliding and lifting of the support seat 5 respectively, changing the horizontal and height positions of the corresponding support seat 5, and providing support for the corresponding wide and narrow diameter sections of the variable diameter cylinder.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, both the transverse transmission component and the longitudinal transmission component are lead screw and nut mechanisms. The output end of the first motor 6 is connected to a first lead screw 61 that extends laterally and rotates in place. A first nut (not shown) that is screwed onto the first lead screw 61 and connected to the sliding seat 3 is screwed onto the first lead screw 61. When the first motor 6 operates, it can drive the first nut to slide, thereby causing the corresponding sliding seat 3 to slide and changing the horizontal support position of the support seat 5. The output end of the second motor 7 is connected to a second lead screw 71 that extends vertically and rotates in place. A second nut (not shown) that is screwed onto the second lead screw 71 and connected to the lifting seat 4 is screwed onto the second lead screw 71. When the second motor 7 operates, it can drive the second nut to slide, thereby causing the corresponding lifting seat 4 to rise and fall and changing the height support position of the support seat 5.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the support base 5 includes two symmetrically arranged supports, each with an inclined surface and a support pad fixed on the inclined surface. The two support pads are arranged in a V-shape. The sliding base 3 is provided with multiple spaced screw holes. When the outer diameter of the variable diameter cylinder to be tested changes, the supports can be locked in the corresponding position by screws to change the distance between the two supports, so as to provide stable support for the variable diameter cylinder. Alternatively, the two inclined surfaces on the supports can also extend in an arc shape to better fit the circular outer wall of the variable diameter cylinder.

[0037] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping and leveling method for assisting in the detection of variable diameter cylinders, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtaining cylinder parameters; The control system obtains the outer diameter and length parameters of each section of the variable diameter cylinder and derives the total length parameter of the variable diameter cylinder. S2: Centering; Move the variable diameter cylinder to be tested above two support seats (5) that can move in the horizontal and vertical directions, and align the center position between the two support seats (5) with the center position of the variable diameter cylinder; S3: Positioning; The control system controls the two support seats (5) to move closer or further away from each other to a predetermined position according to the total length parameter, so that the two support seats (5) correspond to the position of the wide diameter section (A) or narrow diameter section (a) of the cylinder respectively; S4: Leveling; The control system obtains the outer diameter difference between the wide diameter section (A) and the narrow diameter section (a) corresponding to the predetermined positions of the two support seats (5), and then the control system controls the corresponding support seat (5) to move in the vertical direction according to the outer diameter difference so that the variable diameter cylinder remains horizontal after being placed on the two support seats (5).

2. The clamping and leveling method for auxiliary variable diameter cylinder detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the control system determines that the total length of the variable diameter cylinder is N; in step S3, the distance between the predetermined position and the center position between the two support seats (5) is d, N / 2>d≥N / 4; Step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S3a: The control system first controls the two support seats (5) to move closer or further apart from each other according to the total length parameter, so that the distance between each support seat (5) and the center position is N / 4; S3b: The control system determines whether there is a support (5) in the transition section (b) of the variable diameter cylinder. If neither support (5) is in the transition section (b), then proceed to step S4. If at least one support (5) is in the transition section (b), then proceed to steps S3c-S4. S3c: Based on the length parameters of each cylinder segment in step S1, the control system obtains the length of the corresponding transition segment (b), and controls the two support seats (5) to move away from each other to the corresponding wide diameter segment (A) or narrow diameter segment (a) according to the length of the transition segment (b).

3. The clamping and leveling method for auxiliary variable diameter cylinder detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3c, when a single support (5) is in the transition section (b) position, the control system calculates the length of the corresponding transition section (b), and then the control system controls the two support (5) to move away from each other, so that the moving distance of each support (5) is greater than or equal to the length of the corresponding transition section (b); when both support (5) are in the transition section (b) position, the control system calculates the length of the transition section (b) corresponding to the two support (5) respectively and compares the lengths to select the longest transition section (b) among the two transition sections (b); then the control system controls the two support (5) to move away from each other, so that the moving distance of each support (5) is greater than or equal to the length of the longest transition section (b).

4. The clamping and leveling method for auxiliary variable diameter cylinder detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Following step S4, there are further steps: S5: Preset leveling detection module: The leveling detection module includes a movable seat (94) controlled by the control system and moving along the longitudinal direction, and a leveling monitoring device electrically connected to the control system. Two floating heads (951) at the same height position are arranged at intervals along the cylinder axis on the movable seat (94). Each floating head (951) can float vertically relative to the movable seat (94). When the two floating heads (951) have relative displacement in the vertical direction and are not at the same height position, the leveling monitoring device can generate and feed back a leveling signal to the control system. S6: Levelness detection; Select any wide diameter section (A) or narrow diameter section (a) located between the two support seats (5) on the variable diameter cylinder as the measurement section, and move the leveling detection module above the measurement section; then control the movable seat (94) to descend. If both floating heads (951) contact the measurement section at the same time, the levelness monitoring device will not generate a leveling signal, and step S7 will not be performed; if one of the floating heads (951) contacts the measurement section and floats upward, and the other floating head (951) separates from the measurement section, the levelness monitoring device will generate a leveling signal and feed it back to the control system. S7: Secondary leveling; The control system identifies the side where the floating head (951) separated from the measurement section is located as the leveling side based on the leveling signal, and synchronously controls the support seat (5) located on the leveling side to rise to lift the cylinder. The lifted cylinder forces the floating head (951) on the leveling side to float upward, so that the two floating heads (951) are at the same height position again.

5. The clamping and leveling method for auxiliary variable diameter cylinder detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5, the level monitoring device is a micro switch (952) located at the bottom of each floating head (951) and electrically connected to the control system. When the micro switch (952) is subjected to external force, it can generate a signal and feed it back to the control system. In step S6, if the signals generated by the two micro switches (952) are fed back to the control system at the same time, the control system controls the movable seat (94) to reset upward and does not execute step S7. If only the signal of a single micro switch (952) is fed back to the control system, step S7 is executed. In step S7, when the cylinder is raised to the horizontal, another micro switch (952) is triggered to generate and feed back a second signal to the control system. The control system controls the corresponding support seat (5) to stop rising according to the second signal.

6. The clamping and leveling method for auxiliary variable diameter cylinder detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic element (955) is provided between each floating head (951) and the movable seat (94). When the corresponding floating head (951) contacts the measuring section, the elastic element (955) deforms, causing the floating head (951) to move upward by a predetermined length and then remain in the corresponding position.

7. The clamping and leveling method for auxiliary variable diameter cylinder detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The levelness monitoring component is a photoelectric sensor (96) installed on one of the floating heads (951) and electrically connected to the control system. The photoelectric sensor (96) can emit a level detection light (962). The other floating head (951) is provided with a through hole (961) corresponding to the detection light (962). When the two floating heads (951) are at the same height, the detection light (962) passes through the through hole (961) and does not generate a leveling signal. When the two floating heads (951) are not at the same height, the photoelectric sensor (96) is misaligned with the through hole (961) and the detection light (962) is blocked. At this time, the photoelectric sensor (96) generates a leveling signal and feeds it back to the control system.

8. A clamping and leveling device based on the method of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the length and outer diameter parameters of each section of the variable diameter cylinder and feed them back to the control system. The gripping module is used to grip and move the variable diameter cylinder above the two support seats so that the middle position of the variable diameter cylinder coincides with the center position between the two support seats (5); The position adjustment module includes a base (2) and two sliding seats (3) spaced apart along the cylinder axis and slidably connected to the base (2). Each sliding seat (3) is slidably connected in the longitudinal direction to a lifting seat (4) for connecting with a support seat (5). The drive module includes a lateral drive component and a longitudinal drive component. The lateral drive component includes a first motor (6) that is electrically connected to the control system and drives the corresponding sliding seat (3) to slide. The first motor (6) and the corresponding sliding seat (3) are connected through a lateral transmission component. The longitudinal drive component includes a second motor (7) that is electrically connected to the control system and drives the corresponding lifting seat (4) to slide. The second motor (7) and the corresponding lifting seat (4) are connected through a longitudinal transmission component.

9. The clamping and leveling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The parameter acquisition module includes a movable seat (8) that travels along the axial direction of the cylinder. The movable seat (8) is equipped with an online diameter measuring instrument (81) and a laser encoder (82) corresponding to the position. Both the online diameter measuring instrument (81) and the laser encoder (82) are electrically connected to the control system. When the movable seat (8) travels from one end of the cylinder to the other end, the online diameter measuring instrument (81) acquires and feeds back the outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment to the control system one by one. The laser encoder (82) acquires and feeds back the starting position parameters and ending position parameters of each cylinder segment to the control system simultaneously, so that the control system can obtain the length parameters and outer diameter parameters of each cylinder segment based on the outer diameter position parameters and position parameters.

10. The clamping and leveling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both the transverse transmission assembly and the longitudinal transmission assembly are lead screw and nut mechanisms; the output end of the first motor (6) is connected to a first lead screw (61) that extends laterally and rotates in place, and a first nut that is screwed onto the first lead screw (61) and connected to the sliding seat (3); the output end of the second motor (7) is connected to a second lead screw (71) that extends vertically and rotates in place, and a second nut that is screwed onto the second lead screw (71) and connected to the lifting seat (4).

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