Fireproof heat insulation plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and provides a fireproof heat insulation plate and a preparation method thereof. The fireproof heat insulation plate comprises a fireproof heat insulation layer and metal plates arranged on the two sides of the fireproof heat insulation layer. Wherein the fireproof thermal insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 30-40 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of modified hollow glass beads and 6-8 parts of a binder; the modified hollow glass beads are obtained by modifying hollow glass beads with ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate. According to the technical scheme, the problem of poor heat insulation performance of a fireproof heat insulation plate in the related technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, specifically to a fireproof and heat-insulating board and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Fire-resistant and heat-insulating panels, as composite panels combining fire resistance and heat insulation, are widely used in many fields such as construction, industry, and transportation. For fire-resistant and heat-insulating panels, heat insulation capacity is the core indicator for evaluating their performance. In the event of a fire, excellent heat insulation can effectively block high temperatures from penetrating the panel, preventing objects on the other side from being ignited and protecting people from burns. In industrial insulation scenarios, strong heat insulation can significantly reduce heat loss, leading to a significant improvement in energy efficiency. However, current fire-resistant and heat-insulating panels still have significant shortcomings in terms of heat insulation capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a fire-resistant and heat-insulating panel with high heat insulation capacity and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention proposes a fireproof and heat-insulating board and its preparation method, which solves the problem of poor heat insulation performance of fireproof and heat-insulating boards in related technologies.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: This invention proposes a fireproof and heat-insulating board, comprising a fireproof and heat-insulating layer and metal plates disposed on both sides of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer; the fireproof and heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 30-40 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres, and 6-8 parts of binder; the modified hollow glass microspheres are obtained by modifying hollow glass microspheres with ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate.

[0005] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres in the modified hollow glass microspheres is 4~7:105, for example, it can be 4:105, 1:21, 2:35, 1:15, preferably 2:35.

[0006] When the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres in the fireproof and heat-insulating board of this invention is less than 4~7:105, the amount of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate is insufficient and cannot fully cover the surface of the hollow glass microspheres, resulting in poor dispersion of the hollow glass microspheres and failing to fully improve the heat insulation performance of the fireproof and heat-insulating board. When the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres is greater than 4~7:105, the excess ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate will form a redundant coating layer on the surface of the hollow glass microspheres, leading to the re-agglomeration of the hollow glass microspheres. When the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres is in the range of 4~7:105, the modifier can uniformly cover the surface of the hollow glass microspheres, improving the dispersion of the hollow glass microspheres in the fireproof and heat-insulating layer, thereby further improving the heat insulation capacity of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the preparation method of the modified hollow glass microspheres includes the following steps: dispersing ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate in anhydrous ethanol, then adding hollow glass microspheres, mixing at 30~50℃, and drying to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the mass-to-volume ratio of the hollow glass microspheres to anhydrous ethanol is 1g:12mL.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the raw materials for the glass fiber include the following components by weight: 80-85 parts waste glass, 6-8 parts borax, 10-15 parts quartz sand, 1-4 parts soda ash, and 2-4 parts limestone.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the method for preparing the glass fiber includes the following steps: mixing the raw materials for glass fiber and heating them to a melt to obtain molten glass. The molten glass is then introduced into a drawing process to produce glass fibers.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the raw materials for the aluminum silicate fiber include the following components by weight: 50-70 parts coal gangue, 25-30 parts alumina, 12-15 parts quartz sand, and 2-4 parts sodium oxide.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the method for preparing the aluminum silicate fiber includes the following steps: mixing the raw materials for aluminum silicate fiber and heating them to a melt to obtain aluminum silicate liquid. The aluminum silicate liquid is then introduced into a drawing process to produce aluminum silicate fiber.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the diameter of the hollow glass microspheres is 10~100μm.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the adhesive is composed of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, 3-bromo-1-propanol and water.

[0015] The adhesive in the fireproof and heat-insulating board of this invention is composed of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, 3-bromo-1-propanol and water. Among them, 3-bromo-1-propanol can simultaneously improve the bonding ability and flame retardant performance: the hydroxyl groups in the 3-bromo-1-propanol molecule can form hydrogen bonds with the active groups on the surface of components such as silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, glass fiber, and aluminum silicate fiber, further enhancing the overall bonding strength of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer; at the same time, the bromine free radicals generated by the decomposition of bromine at high temperature can capture combustion active free radicals and interrupt the combustion chain reaction, thereby further improving the flame retardancy of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol and 3-bromo-1-propanol in the raw materials of the adhesive is 91:6:3~5, for example, it can be 91:6:3, 91:6:4 or 91:6:5, preferably 91:6:4.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, 3-bromo-1-propanol to water in the raw materials of the adhesive is 3:1.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the metal plate is an aluminum plate.

[0019] This invention also proposes a method for preparing a fireproof and heat-insulating board, comprising the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber, and modified hollow glass microspheres, add binder, press, and cure to obtain a fireproof and heat-insulating layer. S2. After combining the fireproof and heat-insulating layer with the metal plates on both sides, a fireproof and heat-insulating board is obtained.

[0020] As a further technical solution, in step S1, the curing temperature is 130~150℃, for example, it can be 130℃, 140℃, or 150℃, preferably 140℃.

[0021] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The fireproof and heat-insulating board prepared by this invention significantly improves its heat insulation capacity by adding hollow glass microspheres modified with ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate. In the preparation of fireproof and heat-insulating boards, existing technologies often use hollow glass microspheres with low thermal conductivity as fillers to enhance heat insulation. However, because hollow glass microspheres are prone to agglomeration, their uneven distribution within the board prevents them from fully exerting their heat insulation effect. This invention, by using ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to modify the surface of hollow glass microspheres, effectively improves their agglomeration, allowing for more uniform dispersion within the fireproof and heat-insulating board. The modified hollow glass microspheres are uniformly distributed within the board, significantly enhancing the heat transfer barrier effect and ultimately further improving the overall heat insulation capacity of the fireproof and heat-insulating board. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following examples and comparative examples, the waste glass, by weight percentage, consisted of the following components: 72.4% SiO2, 10.6% CaO, 12.1% Na2O, 3.9% MgO, 0.53% Al2O3, 0.35% Fe2O3, with the remainder being impurities; borax, item number SBGJ07, purchased from Shandong Shengbang International Trade Co., Ltd.; quartz sand, item number YH-1, purchased from Shijiazhuang Yiheng Mineral Products Co., Ltd.; limestone, item number SHS13, purchased from Zibo Cunshan Mineral Products Co., Ltd.; coal gangue, item number 963, purchased from Lingshou County Yunshi Mineral Products Processing Plant; alumina, item number A30G, purchased from Jiangsu Tianxing New Materials Co., Ltd.; polyvinyl alcohol, model PVA-1788; hollow glass microspheres, particle size 20μm; silica sol containing 40wt% silica; and aluminum plate, thickness 0.3mm, purchased from Shandong Jinhui Aluminum Co., Ltd.

[0024] Example 1 A method for preparing a fireproof and heat-insulating board includes the following steps: S1. Mix 50 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 30 parts of glass fiber, and 10 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres evenly, add 6 parts of binder, press, and cure at 140℃ to obtain a fireproof and heat-insulating layer. S2. After the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is combined with the aluminum plates on both sides, a fireproof and heat-insulating board is obtained. The raw materials for glass fiber include the following components by weight: 80 parts waste glass, 6 parts borax, 10 parts quartz sand, 1 part soda ash, and 2 parts limestone; the preparation method of glass fiber includes the following steps: after uniformly mixing the raw materials for glass fiber, heating to melt to obtain glass liquid, introducing the glass liquid into the drawing process to produce glass fiber with a diameter of 7μm. The raw materials for aluminum silicate fiber include the following components by weight: 50 parts coal gangue, 25 parts alumina, 12 parts quartz sand, and 2 parts sodium oxide; the preparation method of aluminum silicate fiber includes the following steps: after uniformly mixing the raw materials for aluminum silicate fiber, heating them to melt to obtain aluminum silicate liquid, and introducing the aluminum silicate liquid into the drawing process to produce aluminum silicate fiber with a diameter of 7μm; The method for preparing modified hollow glass microspheres includes the following steps: dispersing ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate in anhydrous ethanol, then adding hollow glass microspheres, mixing at 40℃ for 4 hours, and drying to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres; wherein the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres is 4:105; and the mass-volume ratio of hollow glass microspheres to anhydrous ethanol is 1g:12mL. The binder is composed of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, 3-bromo-1-propanol, and water; the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, and 3-bromo-1-propanol in the binder raw materials is 91:6:3; the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, 3-bromo-1-propanol, and water is 3:1.

[0025] Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the only difference in Example 2 is that the preparation method of the fireproof and heat-insulating board in this example includes the following steps: S1. Mix 55 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 35 parts of glass fiber, and 13 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres evenly, add 7 parts of binder, press, and cure at 140℃ to obtain a fireproof and heat-insulating layer. S2. After the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is combined with the aluminum plates on both sides, a fireproof and heat-insulating board is obtained. The raw materials for glass fiber include the following components by weight: 82 parts waste glass, 7 parts borax, 13 parts quartz sand, 2 parts soda ash, and 3 parts limestone; The raw materials for aluminum silicate fiber include the following components by weight: 60 parts coal gangue, 28 parts alumina, 13 parts quartz sand, and 3 parts sodium oxide.

[0026] Example 3 Compared with Example 1, the only difference in Example 3 is that the preparation method of the fireproof and heat-insulating board in this example includes the following steps: S1. Mix 60 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 40 parts of glass fiber, and 15 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres evenly, add 8 parts of binder, press, and cure at 140℃ to obtain a fireproof and heat-insulating layer. S2. After the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is combined with the aluminum plates on both sides, a fireproof and heat-insulating board is obtained. The raw materials for glass fiber include the following components by weight: 85 parts waste glass, 8 parts borax, 15 parts quartz sand, 4 parts soda ash, and 4 parts limestone. The raw materials for aluminum silicate fiber include the following components by weight: 70 parts coal gangue, 30 parts alumina, 15 parts quartz sand, and 4 parts sodium oxide.

[0027] Example 4 Compared with Example 3, the only difference in Example 4 is that the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres in the modified hollow glass microspheres in this example is 2:35.

[0028] Example 5 Compared with Example 3, the only difference in Example 5 is that the mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres in the modified hollow glass microspheres in this example is 1:15.

[0029] Example 6 Compared with Example 3, the only difference in Example 6 is that the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol and 3-bromo-1-propanol in the raw materials of the adhesive in this example is 91:6:4.

[0030] Example 7 Compared with Example 3, the only difference in Example 7 is that the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol and 3-bromo-1-propanol in the raw materials of the adhesive in this example is 91:6:5.

[0031] Example 8 Compared with Example 3, the only difference in Example 8 is that the adhesive in this example is composed of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, and water; the mass ratio of silica sol to polyvinyl alcohol in the raw materials of the adhesive is 91:6; and the mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, and water is 3:1.

[0032] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 3, the only difference in Comparative Example 1 is that the modified hollow glass microspheres were replaced with an equal amount of hollow glass microspheres in this comparative example.

[0033] The fireproof and heat-insulating layers prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 were tested according to the following method: 1. Thermal insulation performance test: After the fireproof thermal insulation layer is made into a sample with a size of 200mm×600mm×200mm, the thermal conductivity of the fireproof thermal insulation layer is tested according to the test method specified in GB / T 10294-2008 "Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties of thermal insulation materials - protective hot plate method". 2. Flame retardant performance test: After the fireproof insulation layer is made into a sample with a size of 200mm×200mm×100mm, the flame retardant performance of the fireproof insulation layer is tested according to GB 8624-2012 "Classification of Burning Performance of Building Materials and Products". 3. Strength test: After the fireproof insulation layer is made into a sample with a size of 200mm×600mm×100mm, the tensile strength of the fireproof insulation layer perpendicular to the surface is determined according to the method in GB / T25975-2018 "Rock wool products for external wall insulation of buildings". The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2: Table 1 Test results of the thermal insulation performance of the fireproof insulation layer

[0034] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the thermal conductivity of the fireproof and heat-insulating layers in Examples 1 to 5 is lower than that in Comparative Example 1, indicating that the addition of modified hollow glass microspheres can reduce the thermal conductivity of the fireproof and heat-insulating layers and improve their heat insulation performance.

[0035] Table 2. Test results of flame retardant performance and strength of fireproof and heat-insulating layer

[0036] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the flame retardant properties and tensile strength perpendicular to the surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer in Examples 3 and 6-7 are higher than those in Example 8. This indicates that the addition of 3-bromo-1-propanol improves the bonding strength of the adhesive, thereby improving the tensile strength perpendicular to the surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer. At the same time, the addition of 3-bromo-1-propanol also helps to improve the flame retardant properties of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fireproof and heat-insulating board, characterized in that, It includes a fireproof and heat-insulating layer and metal plates disposed on both sides of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer; the fireproof and heat-insulating layer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of aluminum silicate fiber, 30-40 parts of glass fiber, 10-15 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres, and 6-8 parts of binder. The modified hollow glass microspheres were obtained by modifying hollow glass microspheres with ethyl 4-aminophenylacetic acid.

2. The fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate to hollow glass microspheres in the modified hollow glass microspheres is 4~7:

105.

3. The fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the modified hollow glass microspheres includes the following steps: dispersing ethyl 4-aminophenylacetate in anhydrous ethanol, then adding hollow glass microspheres, mixing, and drying to obtain modified hollow glass microspheres.

4. A fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for the glass fiber include the following components by weight: 80-85 parts waste glass, 6-8 parts borax, 10-15 parts quartz sand, 1-4 parts soda ash, and 2-4 parts limestone.

5. A fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for the aluminosilicate fiber include the following components by weight: 50-70 parts coal gangue, 25-30 parts alumina, 12-15 parts quartz sand, and 2-4 parts sodium oxide.

6. A fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the hollow glass microspheres is 10~100μm.

7. A fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive is composed of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, 3-bromo-1-propanol and water.

8. A fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mass ratio of silica sol, polyvinyl alcohol, and 3-bromo-1-propanol in the raw materials of the adhesive is 91:6:3~5.

9. A method for preparing a fireproof and heat-insulating board, used to prepare the fireproof and heat-insulating board as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber, and modified hollow glass microspheres, add binder, press, and cure to obtain a fireproof and heat-insulating layer. S2. After combining the fireproof and heat-insulating layer with the metal plates on both sides, a fireproof and heat-insulating board is obtained.

10. The method for preparing a fireproof and heat-insulating board according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S1, the curing temperature is 130~150℃.

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