Decorative part, preparation method thereof and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a decorating part and a preparation method thereof and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle parts, and the decorating part comprises a substrate, a texture layer and a first protection layer. The texture layer is located on at least one side in the thickness direction of the substrate and is formed by a preset color material, and the first protection layer is located on the surface of the side, away from the substrate, of the texture layer and is a transparent layer or a semitransparent layer. According to the decorating part provided by the embodiment of the invention, the wear resistance, the scratch resistance and the mechanical property of the decorating part can be improved, the texture damage failure risk in the texture layer is reduced, the decorating effect of the decorating part is improved, the service life is prolonged, and the process cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle parts technology, and in particular to a decorative part, its manufacturing method, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the upgrading of mass consumption and the improvement of aesthetic standards, the requirements for the variety and appearance quality of automotive interior and exterior trim are also increasing, placing higher demands on corresponding materials and processes to meet the appearance design and performance requirements of automotive interior and exterior trim. High-quality automotive interior and exterior trim parts mainly adopt IML (In-Mold Label) or INS (Film Insert Molding). These processes require the patterned film to be hot-pressed or high-pressure molded and then embedded in the injection mold cavity, and finally injection molded to obtain the final decorative parts. In related technologies, the color and texture of IML or INS parts are generally achieved through screen printing, gravure printing, or physical vapor deposition (PVD). The color and texture are presented on the front or back of the film substrate in the form of ink or coating. This requires the production of screen printing stencils or gravure printing rollers and PVD coating, which is a complex and costly process, and there is a risk of separation between the ink or coating and the film substrate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a decorative part, its preparation method, and a vehicle, which can improve the wear resistance, scratch resistance, and mechanical properties of the decorative part, reduce the risk of texture damage and failure in the texture layer, enhance the decorative effect of the decorative part, extend its service life, and reduce the process cost.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a decorative element is provided, comprising:

[0005] Base;

[0006] A texture layer, located on at least one side in the thickness direction of the substrate, and formed using a predetermined color material;

[0007] The first protective layer is located on the surface of the texture layer away from the substrate, and the first protective layer is a transparent layer or a semi-transparent layer.

[0008] Optionally, the substrate material includes at least one of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer;

[0009] And / or, the material of the textured layer includes at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate and polyester;

[0010] And / or, the material of the first protective layer includes at least one of polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0011] Optionally, the substrate includes an injection-molded substrate.

[0012] Optionally, the texture layer may be provided with at least one of dot texture, block texture, strip texture and irregular texture.

[0013] Optionally, the decorative element also includes a first adhesive layer disposed between the texture layer and the substrate.

[0014] Optionally, the decorative element also includes a second protective layer disposed between the first adhesive layer and the texture layer.

[0015] Optionally, the decorative element may also include a second protective layer disposed between the texture layer and the substrate.

[0016] Optionally, the decorative element also includes an ink layer disposed between the second protective layer and the first adhesive layer.

[0017] Optionally, the decorative element also includes a second adhesive layer disposed between the texture layer and the second protective layer.

[0018] Optionally, the decorative element also includes a third adhesive layer disposed between the texture layer and the first protective layer.

[0019] Optionally, the material of the second protective layer includes at least one of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0020] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for preparing a decorative part is also provided, comprising:

[0021] Provides the first layer of protection;

[0022] Pre-formed materials are obtained by mixing, combining, or splicing materials of predetermined colors.

[0023] The pre-formed material is shaped to obtain a textured layer;

[0024] The textured layer is combined with the first protective layer to obtain a composite film.

[0025] The composite film layer is pre-formed to obtain a pre-formed composite film layer. Then, the pre-formed composite film layer is combined with the substrate to obtain a decorative part.

[0026] Optionally, the method for preparing the predetermined color material includes:

[0027] Resin material, colorant, plasticizer and stabilizer are mixed, plasticized and molded and crushed to obtain material of the desired color.

[0028] Optionally, the thickness of the composite membrane layer is 0.1mm-0.8mm.

[0029] Optionally, preforming includes either thermoforming or high-pressure forming.

[0030] Optionally, the hot pressing temperature is 120℃-200℃ and the molding time is 5s-30s;

[0031] And / or, the molding temperature for high-pressure molding is 150℃-350℃, and the pressure difference is 0.01MPa-3MPa.

[0032] Optionally, the pre-formed composite film layer and the substrate are laminated to obtain a decorative part, including:

[0033] The pre-formed composite film layer is placed in the injection mold and in-mold injection molding is performed to form a base, resulting in a decorative part.

[0034] Optionally, the injection temperature for in-mold injection is 220℃-280℃, and the injection time is 30s-60s.

[0035] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is also provided, including the trim piece as described above, and / or the trim piece prepared by the method described above.

[0036] The decorative component provided in this application includes a substrate, a textured layer, and a first protective layer. The textured layer is located on at least one side of the substrate in the thickness direction and is formed using a predetermined color material. The first protective layer is located on the surface of the textured layer opposite to the substrate and is a transparent or semi-transparent layer. The substrate provides support for the textured layer. The textured layer can display a textured effect. Formed using a predetermined color material, the textured layer creates a three-dimensional color and pattern, eliminating the need for printing, coating, or other methods to form surface color patterns. This provides excellent wear resistance and reduces the weak adhesion caused by printing and coating. The first protective layer, located on the side of the textured layer opposite to the substrate, is a transparent or semi-transparent layer. While displaying the texture of the textured layer, it also provides good wear resistance, scratch resistance, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the textured layer does not require the preparation of a screen printing stencil, a gravure printing roller, or a PVD process, which helps reduce process costs. That is, the decorative parts provided in this application embodiment can improve the wear resistance, scratch resistance and mechanical properties of the decorative parts, reduce the risk of texture damage and failure in the texture layer, improve the decorative effect of the decorative parts, extend the service life, and reduce the process cost.

[0037] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the decorative component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the decorative component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the decorative component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the decorative component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the decorative component provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 .

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 10. Substrate; 20. Texture layer; 30. First protective layer; 40. Third adhesive layer; 50. First adhesive layer; 60. Second protective layer; 70. Ink layer; 80. Second adhesive layer Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0048] Firstly, please refer to Figures 1-5This application provides a decorative component, including a substrate 10, a textured layer 20, and a first protective layer 30. The textured layer 20 is located on at least one side of the substrate 10 in the thickness direction and is formed using a predetermined color material. The first protective layer 30 is located on the surface of the textured layer 20 facing away from the substrate 10 and is a transparent or semi-transparent layer. The substrate 10 provides support for the textured layer 20. The textured layer 20 can display a textured effect. Formed using a predetermined color material, it creates a three-dimensional color and pattern, eliminating the need for printing, coating, or other methods to form surface color patterns. This provides excellent wear resistance and reduces the weak adhesion caused by printing or coating. The first protective layer 30, located on the side of the textured layer 20 facing away from the substrate 10, is a transparent or semi-transparent layer. While displaying the texture of the textured layer 20, it also provides good wear resistance, scratch resistance, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the texture layer 20 does not require the preparation of a texture screen for screen printing, a printing roller for gravure printing, or the use of PVD technology, which helps to reduce process costs. In other words, the decorative part provided in this embodiment can improve the wear resistance, scratch resistance, and mechanical properties of the decorative part, reduce the risk of texture damage and failure in the texture layer 20, enhance the decorative effect of the decorative part, extend its service life, and reduce process costs.

[0049] In related technologies, color textures are mainly presented on the front or back of the substrate in the form of ink or coating. On the one hand, this requires the design and manufacture of screen printing stencils or gravure printing rollers and PVD coatings, which are complex and costly. On the other hand, the bonding between the ink or coating and the film substrate requires a certain degree of adhesion; when the adhesion is insufficient, there is a risk of separation. In the IML process, the ink layer 70 is in direct contact with the molten resin during subsequent injection molding, posing a risk that the ink layer 70 may be damaged by the impact of the high-temperature molten resin, leading to texture deformation and destruction. Furthermore, the ink layer 70 or coating also needs to have certain tensile strength to prevent cracking and failure during the film forming and stretching process, placing high demands on the ink layer 70 or coating. In addition, when the color texture is located on the upper surface of the film layer, it faces the risk of friction and wear during long-term use, which can easily lead to color texture failure.

[0050] This application embodiment, on the one hand, replaces the method of forming color textures on the surface in related technologies by molding the texture layer 20 with a predetermined color material, thereby forming a three-dimensional color texture and providing excellent wear resistance, reducing texture wear problems during use. On the other hand, by setting a transparent or semi-transparent first protective layer 30 on the surface of the texture layer 20, a protective effect can be provided on the texture layer 20, providing good wear resistance, scratch resistance, and mechanical properties while displaying the color texture. In addition, since the texture layer 20 in this application embodiment does not adopt the form of surface ink layer 70 or plating, the texture layer 20 has high tensile strength and elongation, reducing the risk of fracture failure, and also has excellent high-temperature impact resistance, reducing the pollution to the environment caused by volatile organic compounds carried by ink.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the substrate 10 includes at least one of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. Polycarbonate (PC) has excellent impact resistance, maintains good toughness even at low temperatures, and has good heat resistance and weather resistance, maintaining long-term stability. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) has good flowability and processability, is easy to injection mold, and has good chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, while being less expensive. The combination of PC and ABS combines the high strength and high heat resistance of PC with the processability of ABS, giving the substrate 10 both excellent impact resistance and weather resistance, as well as ease of processing and molding.

[0052] In some embodiments, the material of the textured layer 20 includes at least one selected from thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, and polyester. Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) has excellent elasticity and flexibility, good weather resistance, aging resistance, and chemical resistance, thus maintaining the stability of the textured layer 20. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has low cost, good chemical corrosion resistance, and good processability. Cellulose acetate has good gloss and is easy to dye, enabling a rich variety of color effects. Cellulose nitrate has good chemical resistance. Polyester has good mechanical properties, with high tensile and flexural strength, ensuring the mechanical stability of the textured layer 20, and is lightweight and corrosion-resistant.

[0053] It is understandable that the texture layer 20 can use one of the above-mentioned materials, or a combination of multiple materials.

[0054] In some embodiments, the material of the first protective layer 30 includes at least one selected from polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, and polymethyl methacrylate. Polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) are all transparent or translucent materials with good mechanical properties, providing good protection for the textured layer 20 while displaying its color and texture. PC has a light transmittance of over 90%, strong impact resistance, good heat resistance, and excellent electrical insulation. ABS is a translucent material with excellent mechanical properties, good processability, good chemical corrosion resistance, and high surface gloss. PET has a light transmittance of over 90%, excellent surface gloss, strong barrier properties against oxygen and water vapor, good abrasion and tear resistance, and good temperature resistance and flame retardancy. PMMA has good transparency, strong weather resistance, good chemical corrosion resistance, and strong adhesion.

[0055] Furthermore, the first protective layer 30 can also be a transparent or translucent paint layer, or a transparent or translucent surface treatment agent protective layer. The transparent or translucent paint layer, or the transparent or translucent surface treatment agent protective layer, can increase the surface gloss of the decorative parts, reveal the colors and textures in the texture layer 20, and improve the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and aging resistance of the decorative parts.

[0056] In some embodiments, the substrate 10 includes an injection-molded substrate 10. The injection-molded substrate 10 is obtained by heating and melting thermoplastic plastic, injecting it into a mold cavity under high pressure, and then cooling and solidifying it. The injection-molded substrate 10 has high mechanical properties, weather resistance, and corrosion resistance, and can ensure the precision of the substrate 10.

[0057] In some embodiments, at least one of dotted textures, block textures, striped textures, and irregular textures is provided on the texture layer 20. By providing different textures on the texture layer 20, the visual effect of the decorative parts can be enhanced.

[0058] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-3 The decorative component also includes a first adhesive layer 50, which is disposed between the texture layer 20 and the substrate 10. By disposing the first adhesive layer 50 between the texture layer 20 and the substrate 10, the tightness of the bond between the texture layer 20 and the substrate 10 can be ensured.

[0059] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2The decorative component also includes a second protective layer 60, which is disposed between the first adhesive layer 50 and the texture layer 20. By providing the second protective layer 60 between the first adhesive layer 50 and the texture layer 20, the texture layer 20 can be isolated from the substrate 10. When the substrate 10 is injection molded, the second protective layer 60 can reduce the impact of high temperature on the texture layer 20 during the injection molding process, thus protecting the integrity of the color texture in the texture layer 20.

[0060] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 The decorative component also includes a second protective layer 60, which is disposed between the texture layer 20 and the substrate 10. That is, in this embodiment, the second protective layer 60 is disposed between the texture layer 20 and the substrate 10, which can reduce the impact of high temperature on the texture layer 20 while also improving the adhesion to the substrate 10.

[0061] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The decorative component also includes an ink layer 70, which is disposed between the second protective layer 60 and the first adhesive layer 50. By disposing of the ink layer 70 between the second protective layer 60 and the first adhesive layer 50, the color effect of the decorative component can be adjusted, and it can also cover the substrate 10.

[0062] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 2-4 The decorative component also includes a second adhesive layer 80, which is disposed between the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60. By disposing of the second adhesive layer 80 between the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60, adhesion can be provided between the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60, ensuring the integrity of the decorative component.

[0063] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-4 The decorative component also includes a third adhesive layer 40, which is disposed between the texture layer 20 and the first protective layer 30. The third adhesive layer 40 connects the texture layer 20 and the first protective layer 30, ensuring the adhesion between them.

[0064] It is understandable that the primary function of the first adhesive layer 50, the second adhesive layer 80, and the third adhesive layer 40 is to provide adhesion. These layers can be either adhesive or adhesive film. Alternatively, a pressing method can be used to connect the different layers without the need for the first adhesive layer 50, the second adhesive layer 80, and the third adhesive layer 40.

[0065] In some embodiments, the material of the second protective layer 60 includes at least one selected from polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. Polycarbonate (PC) has excellent impact resistance, maintains good toughness even at low temperatures, and has good heat resistance and weather resistance, maintaining long-term stability. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) has good chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and is relatively inexpensive. Using the above materials in the second protective layer 60 can also improve the bonding performance with the substrate 10.

[0066] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for preparing a decorative part is also provided, comprising:

[0067] Provide a first protective layer 30;

[0068] Pre-formed materials are obtained by mixing, combining, or splicing materials of predetermined colors.

[0069] The pre-formed material is shaped to obtain texture layer 20;

[0070] The textured layer 20 is combined with the first protective layer 30 to obtain a composite film.

[0071] The composite film layer is pre-formed to obtain a pre-formed composite film layer. Then, the pre-formed composite film layer is combined with the substrate 10 to obtain a decorative part.

[0072] The method for preparing decorative parts provided in this application has all the beneficial effects of decorative parts as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] In some embodiments, the pre-formed material is molded to obtain a textured layer 20, including:

[0074] The preformed material is placed in a press machine for pressing and forming to obtain a preformed thick plate. After drying, it is cut to obtain a textured layer 20 of appropriate thickness.

[0075] Compression molding can improve molding efficiency and ensure molding effect. After drying and cutting, a textured layer 20 of suitable thickness can be obtained.

[0076] In some embodiments, the texture layer 20 is composited with the first protective layer 30, including:

[0077] The textured layer 20 is laminated with the first protective layer 30 by pressing or gluing.

[0078] That is, the texture layer 20 and the first protective layer 30 can be composited by setting a third adhesive layer 40 between the texture layer 20 and the first protective layer 30, or the texture layer 20 and the first protective layer 30 can be directly composited by pressing.

[0079] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the predetermined color material includes:

[0080] Resin material, colorant, plasticizer, and stabilizer are mixed, plasticized, and crushed to obtain a material of a predetermined color. Specifically, by mixing resin material with colorant, plasticizer, and stabilizer, and then plasticizing it through extrusion, calendering, and stretching, followed by slitting and crushing, a material of a predetermined color is formed. This adjusts the color of the texture layer 20, eliminating the need for subsequent color application through ink layer 70 or plating.

[0081] In some embodiments, the thickness of the composite film layer is 0.1mm-0.8mm. By making the thickness of the composite film layer between 0.1mm and 0.8mm, the visual effect of the decorative part can be guaranteed, the mechanical properties of the texture layer 20 and the first protective layer 30 can be improved, and the compression molding and injection molding processes can be facilitated.

[0082] For example, the thickness of the composite film layer can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm or 0.8 mm.

[0083] In some embodiments, preforming includes either hot pressing or high-pressure forming. Hot pressing ensures texture accuracy, is simple, and has low cost. High-pressure forming has a wider range of applications and higher production efficiency.

[0084] In some embodiments, the hot pressing temperature is 120℃-200℃, and the pressing time is 5s-30s. By controlling the temperature and time of hot pressing, the molding effect can be guaranteed.

[0085] In some embodiments, the molding temperature of high-pressure molding is 150℃-350℃, and the pressure difference is 0.01MPa-3MPa. By controlling the temperature and pressure difference of high-pressure molding, the molding effect can be guaranteed.

[0086] In some embodiments, a pre-formed composite film layer and a substrate 10 are laminated to obtain a decorative part, including:

[0087] The pre-formed composite film layer is placed in an injection mold, and in-mold injection molding is performed to form the base 10, thus obtaining the decorative part. That is, the base 10 is formed by injection molding. The injection molding process is simple, and the resulting base 10 has high mechanical properties, weather resistance, and corrosion resistance, while ensuring the precision of the base 10.

[0088] In some embodiments, the injection temperature for in-mold injection is 220℃-280℃, and the injection time is 30s-60s. By controlling the injection temperature and injection time, the quality of in-mold injection can be guaranteed.

[0089] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is also provided, including the trim piece as described above, and / or the trim piece prepared by the method described above.

[0090] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment has all the beneficial effects of the decorative parts described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] The embodiments of this application are further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0092] Example 1

[0093] (1) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) granules are mixed with 2% single pigment powder, 5% dioctyl phthalate, and 10% epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer in a mixing device. The mixture is heated to 180°C to melt it, and then extruded through an extruder. After cooling, a 3mm thick single-color PVC extruded sheet is obtained. The PVC extruded sheet is then slit and crushed by a crusher to form irregular PVC sheet materials with a diameter of 1mm-10mm. The same method is used to prepare... Different colored polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheet materials are uniformly mixed, loaded into a pressing mold, and pressed into a 30mm thick patterned PVC sheet in a pressing machine. The pressing temperature is 150℃ and the pressure is set to 2.5MPa. The PVC sheet is then placed in a drying oven for drying at 100℃. Finally, the PVC sheet is slit along the thickness direction on a slitting machine into a 0.15mm thick textured layer 20.

[0094] (2) Prepare a polycarbonate protective film with a thickness of 0.15 mm, and prepare a UV-cured texture with AG (anti-glare) effect on its surface by texture imprinting. Place it on the upper surface of the texture layer 20 to form the first protective layer 30. In addition, prepare an ABS protective film with a thickness of 0.3 mm and place it on the lower surface of the texture layer 20 to form the second protective layer 60. Then, perform the composite on the composite equipment. The first protective layer 30 and the texture layer 20, and the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60 are bonded together by a 0.05 mm thick OCA (optical clear adhesive) optical adhesive layer and adhesive layer to obtain the composite film layer.

[0095] (3) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (2) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 165°C, and perform hot pressing molding with mold closing. The mold closing gap is set to 0.5 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 10 s.

[0096] (4) The molded composite film layer obtained in step (3) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The three temperatures of the injection cylinder are set to 215℃, 220℃, and 215℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 30s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0097] Example 2

[0098] (1) Cellulose acetate powder, 2% single pigment powder, 10% acetone, 4% ethanol, and 2% TCP (tricresyl phosphate) were mixed in a mixing device and extruded by an extruder to obtain a 3mm thick cellulose acetate extrusion plate. The cellulose acetate extrusion plate was then cut and crushed by a crusher to form irregular cellulose acetate flakes with a diameter of 1mm-10mm. Cellulose acetate flakes of different colors were prepared by the same method. The cellulose acetate flakes of different colors were uniformly mixed, loaded into a pressing mold, and pressed into a 30mm thick cellulose acetate plate with a pattern in a pressing machine. The pressing temperature was 90℃ and the pressure was set to 2MPa. The above cellulose acetate plate was cut along the thickness direction on a slitting machine into 0.13mm thick cellulose acetate patterned films. The cellulose acetate patterned films were placed in a drying oven and dried at a drying temperature of 70℃ to obtain textured layer 20.

[0099] (2) Prepare a PC protective film with a thickness of 0.15mm. Prepare an ultraviolet curable texture with AG (anti-glare) effect on its surface by texture imprinting. Place it on the upper surface of the texture layer 20 to form the first protective layer 30. Prepare another PC protective film with a thickness of 0.15mm and place it on the lower surface of the texture layer 20 to form the second protective layer 60. Then, perform the composite on the composite equipment. The first protective layer 30 and the texture layer 20, and the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60 are bonded together by a 0.05mm thick OCA (optical clear adhesive) optical adhesive layer and adhesive layer to obtain the composite film layer.

[0100] (3) A single white ink layer 70 is screen-printed on the bottom of the composite film layer (the surface of the second protective layer 60) obtained in step (2) by screen printing. The screen printing thickness is 0.02 mm. The film is baked at 70°C for 30 minutes. The first adhesive layer 50 is applied to the bottom of the film after ink printing. The adhesive layer is a hot melt adhesive and the thickness of the adhesive is controlled at 0.1 mm.

[0101] (4) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (3) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 160°C, and perform hot pressing molding. The mold gap is set to 0.4 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 10 s.

[0102] (5) The molded composite film layer obtained in step (4) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 215℃, 220℃, and 215℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 30s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] (1) TPU resin granules, 2% single pigment powder, 5% DOP (dioctyl phthalate), and 10% epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer are mixed in a mixing device. The mixture is heated to 180°C to melt, extruded by an extruder, and thinned and stretched by a calender. After cooling, a 0.5mm thick single-color TPU film is obtained. The TPU film is then slit into strips with a width of 3mm and a length of 1000mm by a slitting machine. The same method was used to prepare TPU strip materials of different colors; the TPU strip materials of different colors were spliced ​​together according to the design, and after splicing, they were pressed into a TPU thick plate with splicing pattern with a thickness of 40mm in a press machine. The pressing temperature was 150℃ and the pressure was set to 2.5MPa. The TPU thick plate was placed in a drying oven for drying at a drying temperature of 100℃. The TPU thick plate was then cut into textured layers 20 with a thickness of 0.15mm along the thickness direction on a slitting machine.

[0105] (2) Prepare a transparent PC film with a thickness of 0.15 mm, and prepare a UV-cured texture with AG (anti-glare) effect on its surface by texture imprinting. Place it on the upper surface of the texture layer 20 to form the first protective layer 30. Prepare an ABS film with a thickness of 0.2 mm and place it on the lower surface of the texture layer 20 to form the second protective layer 60. Then, perform the composite on the composite equipment. The first protective layer 30 and the texture layer 20, and the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60 are bonded together by a 0.05 mm thick OCA (optical clear adhesive) optical adhesive layer and adhesive layer to obtain the composite film layer.

[0106] (3) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (2) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 180°C, and perform hot pressing molding with mold closing. The mold closing gap is set to 0.4 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 15 s.

[0107] (4) The molded composite film layer obtained in step (3) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The temperatures of the three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 260℃, 245℃, and 230℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 40s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0108] Example 4

[0109] (1) Polyvinyl chloride resin particles, 2% single pigment powder, 10% DOA (dioctyl oxalate), and 1% methyl tin are mixed in a mixing device. The mixture is heated to 180°C to melt and extruded by an extruder. After cooling, a single-color PVC extruded sheet with a thickness of 2 mm is obtained. The PVC sheet is cut into PVC strips with a width of 10 mm and a length of 30 mm. Another color of PVC strip is prepared by the same method. The two colors of PVC strips are woven together to form a two-color strip. The material is loaded into a pressing mold and pressed into a PVC thick plate with a thickness of 30 mm in a pressing machine. The pressing temperature is 150°C and the pressure is set to 2.5 MPa. The PVC thick plate is placed in a drying oven for drying at a drying temperature of 100°C. The PVC thick plate is then cut into a textured layer 20 with a thickness of 0.15 mm along the thickness direction on a cutting machine.

[0110] (2) Prepare a PC transparent film with a thickness of 0.15mm and place it above the texture layer 20 to form a first protective layer 30. Place an ABS film with a thickness of 0.25mm below the texture layer 20 to form a second protective layer 60. Then, perform the composite process on the composite equipment. The first protective layer 30 and the texture layer 20, and the texture layer 20 and the second protective layer 60 are bonded together with an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer with a thickness of 0.05mm to obtain a composite film.

[0111] (3) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (2) in a high-pressure mold, set the temperature to 380℃, and perform high-pressure molding with mold closing. The heating time is set to 15s.

[0112] (4) The composite film layer obtained in step (3) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The temperatures of the three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 260℃, 245℃, and 230℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 40s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0113] Example 5

[0114] (1) Polyvinyl chloride resin particles, 2% single pigment powder, 10% DOA (dioctyl oxalate), and 1% methyl tin are mixed in a mixing device. The mixture is heated to 180°C to melt and extruded by an extruder. After cooling, a 3mm thick monochrome PVC extruded sheet is obtained. The PVC extruded sheet is cut and crushed by a crusher to form irregular PVC sheet materials with a diameter of 1mm-10mm. PVC sheet materials of different colors are prepared by the same method. PVC sheet materials of different colors are uniformly mixed, loaded into a pressing mold, and pressed into a 30mm thick PVC sheet with a pattern in a pressing machine. The pressing temperature is 150°C and the pressure is set to 2.5MPa. The PVC sheet is placed in a drying oven for drying at 100°C. The PVC sheet is then cut along the thickness direction on a cutting machine into a 0.15mm thick textured layer 20.

[0115] (2) Prepare a PC protective film with a thickness of 0.15mm, and prepare a UV-cured texture with AG (anti-glare) effect on its surface by texture imprinting. Place it on the upper surface of the texture layer 20 to form the first protective layer 30. Then, perform composite on the composite equipment. The first protective layer 30 and the texture layer 20 are bonded together by an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer with a thickness of 0.05mm to obtain the composite film layer.

[0116] (3) A single white ink layer 70 is screen printed on the bottom of the composite film layer obtained in step (2) by screen printing. The screen printing thickness is 0.02 mm, and it is baked at 70°C for 30 minutes. An adhesive layer is applied to the bottom of the composite film layer after the ink layer 70 is printed. The adhesive layer is a hot melt adhesive, and the thickness of the adhesive is controlled at 0.1 mm.

[0117] (4) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (3) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 165°C, and perform hot pressing molding with mold closing. The mold closing gap is set to 0.5 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 10 s.

[0118] (5) The molded composite film layer obtained in step (4) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 215℃, 220℃, and 215℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 30s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0119] Example 6

[0120] (1) Cellulose acetate powder, 2% pigment powder, 10% acetone, 4% ethanol, and 2% TCP (tricresyl phosphate) are mixed in a mixing device and extruded by an extruder to obtain a 3mm thick two-color cellulose acetate extruded plate. The cellulose acetate plate is then cut and crushed by a crusher to form irregular cellulose acetate flakes with a diameter of 1mm-10mm. Cellulose acetate flakes of different colors are prepared by the same method. Cellulose acetate flakes of different colors are mixed evenly, loaded into a pressing mold, and pressed into a 30mm thick cellulose acetate plate with a pattern in a pressing machine. The pressing temperature is 90℃ and the pressure is set to 2MPa. The cellulose acetate plate is then cut along the thickness direction on a cutting machine into 0.13mm thick cellulose acetate patterned films. The cellulose acetate patterned films are placed in a drying oven and dried at 70℃ to obtain texture layer 20.

[0121] (2) Prepare a PC film with a thickness of 0.15 mm and place it on the upper surface of the texture layer 20 to form a first protective layer 30. Then, perform the lamination on the laminating equipment. The first protective layer 30 and the texture layer 20 are bonded together by an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer with a thickness of 0.05 mm.

[0122] (3) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (2) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 180°C, and perform hot pressing molding with mold closing. The mold closing gap is set to 0.4 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 15 s.

[0123] (4) The molded composite film layer obtained in step (3) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The temperatures of the three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 260℃, 245℃, and 230℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 40s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0124] Comparative Example 1

[0125] (1) Cellulose acetate powder, 2% pigment powder, 10% acetone, 4% ethanol, and 2% TCP (tricresyl phosphate) are mixed in a mixing device and extruded by an extruder to obtain a 3mm thick cellulose acetate extrusion plate. The cellulose acetate extrusion plate is then cut and crushed by a crusher to form irregular cellulose acetate flakes with a diameter of 1mm-10mm. Cellulose acetate flakes of different colors are prepared by the same method. Cellulose acetate flakes of different colors are mixed evenly, loaded into a pressing mold, and pressed into a 30mm thick cellulose acetate plate with a pattern in a pressing machine. The pressing temperature is 90℃ and the pressure is set to 2MPa. The cellulose acetate plate is then cut into 0.13mm thick cellulose acetate patterned films along the thickness direction on a cutting machine. The cellulose acetate patterned films are then placed in a drying oven and dried at 70℃ to obtain textured layer 20.

[0126] (2) Prepare a PC film with a thickness of 0.15 mm and place it on the lower surface of the textured layer 20 to form a second protective layer 60. Then, perform the composite on the composite equipment. The second protective layer 60 and the textured layer 20 are bonded together with an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer with a thickness of 0.05 mm to obtain a composite film.

[0127] (3) Place the composite film layer obtained in step (2) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 180°C, and perform hot pressing molding with mold closing. The mold closing gap is set to 0.4 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 15 s.

[0128] (4) The molded composite film layer obtained in step (3) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and the PC+ABS injection molding base 10 is injected. The temperatures of the three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 260℃, 245℃, and 230℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 40s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0129] Comparative Example 2:

[0130] (1) Prepare a 0.2mm PC film, coat its surface with an OCA (optical clear adhesive) layer, cover the PC film with a textured PET mold, press it with a glue roller, and cure it under a 365nm LED ultraviolet light source. After curing, peel off the PET mold to obtain a PC film with a textured surface.

[0131] (2) A PVD magnetron sputtering process was used to deposit a SiO2+Nb2O3 blue PVD film with a thickness of 300 nm on the surface of the textured layer. A single white ink layer was screen printed on the surface of the optical film layer by screen printing with a thickness of 0.02 mm. The ink layer was baked at 70°C for 30 minutes. An adhesive layer was coated on the bottom of the film layer after the ink layer was printed. The adhesive layer was a hot melt adhesive with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0132] (3) Place the diaphragm obtained in step (2) into a hot press mold, heat the mold to 180°C, and perform hot pressing molding. The mold gap is set to 0.4 mm, the mold pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 15 s.

[0133] (4) The molded composite film obtained in step (3) is positioned and placed in the injection cavity so that it is tightly attached to the front mold surface. Then the mold is closed and PC+ABS injection molding base is injected. The three sections of the injection cylinder are set to 260℃, 245℃ and 230℃ respectively. After holding the pressure for 40s, it is cooled for 20s. Then the mold is opened and the decorative part is obtained.

[0134] The decorative parts prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to high-temperature tests. The high-temperature test method was as follows: the high-temperature test temperature was set at 110±2℃ and maintained for 168h, and the surface condition of the decorative parts was observed.

[0135] In Examples 1-6, the decorative parts showed no defects such as cracks, bubbles, wrinkles, peeling, or dents. However, the decorative part in Comparative Example 1 exhibited obvious wrinkling, while the decorative part in Comparative Example 2 showed obvious blistering. The reason for this is that in Comparative Example 1, the texture layer, lacking protection, underwent high-temperature deformation and wrinkling. In Comparative Example 2, the PVD and ink layers beneath the texture separated from the PC film, leading to blistering. This demonstrates that Examples 1-6 of this application, by providing a first protective layer 30 on the surface of the texture layer 20, can meet the requirements for high-temperature testing.

[0136] The decorative parts prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to alternating damp heat tests. The alternating damp heat tests were conducted on the decorative parts in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 according to the experimental conditions in Table 1. After 5 cycles, the surface condition of the decorative parts was observed.

[0137] Table 1 Alternating damp heat test conditions

[0138]

[0139] After the alternating damp heat test, the decorative parts in Examples 1-6 did not exhibit peeling, delamination, distortion, cracking, or wrinkling, nor did they show any signs of bubbling, whitening, or discoloration. In contrast, the decorative parts in Comparative Example 1 showed whitening and wrinkling, while the decorative parts in Comparative Example 2 exhibited obvious bubbling and film separation. This indicates that by setting a first protective layer 30 on the texture layer 20, the embodiments of this application can enhance the alternating damp heat resistance of the texture layer 20. Furthermore, because the film itself has a three-dimensional texture, the bonding force between the layers of the film is stronger than the bonding force between the film and the ink or PVD coating compared to the IML process.

[0140] The decorative parts prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to xenon lamp weathering tests. The test method was as follows: the irradiance was set to 1.2 ± 0.02 W / m². 2 During the illumination phase, the blackboard temperature was set to 89±3℃, the chamber air temperature to 62±2℃, and the relative humidity to 50±5%, with xenon lamp irradiation for 228 minutes. During the darkness phase, the blackboard temperature was set to 38±3℃, the chamber air temperature to 38±3℃, and the relative humidity to 95±5%, with xenon lamp irradiation for 60 minutes. This constitutes one cycle, with a total of 85 cycles.

[0141] After xenon lamp weathering tests, none of the decorative parts in Examples 1-6 exhibited blistering, whitening, discoloration, delamination, cracking, or wrinkling. In Comparative Example 1, the decorative part yellowed, blackened, and became brittle after 20 cycles, while whitening and wrinkling appeared on its surface. In Comparative Example 2, the decorative part showed significant blistering and film separation. This demonstrates that by providing a first protective layer 30 on the textured layer 20, the embodiments of this application can significantly improve aging resistance while reducing delamination, cracking, and wrinkling.

[0142] In summary, the decorative parts provided in this application can meet the requirements of wear resistance, high temperature resistance, alternating damp heat resistance, and xenon lamp aging resistance, producing unexpected technical effects compared to traditional IML or INS processes.

[0143] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0144] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0145] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0146] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A decorative element, characterized in that, include: Base; A texture layer, the texture layer being located on at least one side in the thickness direction of the substrate, and the texture layer being formed using a predetermined color material; A first protective layer is located on the surface of the texture layer opposite to the substrate, and the first protective layer is a transparent layer or a semi-transparent layer.

2. The decorative component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate material includes at least one of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; And / or, the material of the textured layer includes at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate and polyester; And / or, the material of the first protective layer includes at least one of polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, and polymethyl methacrylate.

3. The decorative component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate includes an injection-molded substrate.

4. The decorative element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The texture layer is provided with at least one of the following: dotted texture, block texture, striped texture, and irregular texture.

5. The decorative component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decorative element further includes a first adhesive layer disposed between the texture layer and the substrate.

6. The decorative element according to claim 5, characterized in that, The decorative element also includes a second protective layer disposed between the first adhesive layer and the textured layer.

7. The decorative component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decorative element also includes a second protective layer disposed between the texture layer and the substrate.

8. The decorative element according to claim 6, characterized in that, The decorative component also includes an ink layer disposed between the second protective layer and the first adhesive layer.

9. The decorative element according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The decorative element further includes a second adhesive layer disposed between the texture layer and the second protective layer.

10. The decorative element according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The material of the second protective layer includes at least one of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

11. The decorative element according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The decorative element further includes a third adhesive layer disposed between the texture layer and the first protective layer.

12. A method for preparing a decorative part, characterized in that, include: Provides the first layer of protection; Pre-formed materials are obtained by mixing, combining, or splicing materials of predetermined colors. The pre-formed material is shaped to obtain a textured layer; The textured layer is combined with the first protective layer to obtain a composite film layer; The composite film layer is pre-formed to obtain a pre-formed composite film layer, and then the pre-formed composite film layer is combined with a substrate to obtain a decorative part.

13. The method for preparing the decorative part according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method for preparing the predetermined color material includes: The resin material, colorant, plasticizer and stabilizer are mixed, plasticized and molded and crushed to obtain the predetermined color material.

14. The method for preparing the decorative part according to claim 12, characterized in that, The thickness of the composite film is 0.1mm-0.8mm.

15. The method for preparing the decorative part according to claim 12, characterized in that, The preforming includes either hot pressing or high-pressure forming.

16. The method for preparing the decorative part according to claim 15, characterized in that, The hot pressing molding temperature is 120℃-200℃, and the molding time is 5s-30s; And / or, the molding temperature of the high-pressure molding is 150℃-350℃, and the pressure difference is 0.01MPa-3MPa.

17. The method for preparing the decorative part according to claim 12, characterized in that, The process of combining the pre-formed composite film layer with a substrate to obtain a decorative part includes: The preformed composite film layer is placed in an injection mold, and in-mold injection molding is performed to form the base, thereby obtaining the decorative part.

18. The method for preparing the decorative part according to claim 17, characterized in that, The injection temperature for in-mold injection is 220℃-280℃, and the injection time is 30s-60s.

19. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes decorative parts as described in any one of claims 1-11, and / or decorative parts prepared by the method described in any one of claims 12-18.

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