Coal element and ash component online analysis system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a coal element and ash component on-line analysis system and method.The coal element and ash component on-line analysis system comprises an automatic pulverized coal sampling unit, an automatic sample preparation unit, an automatic analysis unit and an automatic sample throwing unit which are sequentially connected, and the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit is used for sampling in a pulverized coal pipeline, a coal water slurry pipeline or a lump coal conveying belt of a pulverized coal gasification process; the automatic sample preparation unit is used for preparing samples into coal cake samples, the automatic analysis unit is used for carrying out different-point analysis on the coal cake samples through at least one of an LIBS (Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) online analyzer, an XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) online analyzer and an FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) online analyzer, analysis data is stored in a coal quality analysis database, and the analyzed samples are fed into a specified container through the automatic sample throwing unit. According to the invention, through online automatic sampling, sample preparation and automatic measurement of the sample, analysis results of coal element components and ash components are rapidly obtained online, and important basic data are provided for accurate management and regulation of coal quality in a factory, online evaluation of gasification performance and automatic control of a gasification process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a component analysis system, and more particularly to an online analysis system and method for coal elemental and ash components. Background Technology

[0002] Coal elemental analysis refers to the process of quantitatively analyzing the content of various elements in coal. The analysis includes carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), ash, and moisture content. Coal elemental analysis is a key basic data for quantitative calculation and evaluation of gasification efficiency during coal gasification.

[0003] Coal ash composition analysis refers to the process of chemically analyzing the solid ash remaining after complete combustion of coal. The results of coal ash composition analysis mainly include components such as SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MnO2, and TiO2 (expressed as mass percentages). These are key basic data for calculating the viscosity-temperature characteristics of ash residue, which determine the operational stability and safety of the coal gasification process.

[0004] Currently, coal elemental analysis and coal ash composition analysis are generally conducted offline in analytical laboratories, with a cycle of more than two days. In coal chemical plants, coal industrial analysis is actually used to manage and control coal quality. Coal industrial analysis mainly includes the analysis of components such as moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon in coal to characterize its combustion characteristics and technological properties. The specific operational process of coal industrial analysis includes the following steps: heating a certain amount of coal sample to 110℃ to evaporate its moisture and determining the moisture content; heating it to 850℃ under air-isolated conditions and determining the volatile matter content; and introducing air to burn off all the fixed carbon and determining the ash and fixed carbon content. These analyses can provide necessary data for boiler operation and design, but they do not meet the design requirements of fluidized bed gasifiers.

[0005] Furthermore, the time required for offline analysis of coal elemental composition and coal ash composition cannot meet the requirements of coal chemical plant production, and the data from coal industry analysis cannot meet the requirements for precise control of coal properties and quantitative evaluation of gasification performance.

[0006] Current methods for coal elemental analysis include laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, and online FTIR analysis, among which:

[0007] (1) Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is an elemental analysis technique based on atomic emission spectroscopy. Its core principle involves focusing a high-energy laser pulse onto the sample surface, instantly heating the material locally to a high-temperature plasma state (temperatures can reach thousands to tens of thousands of degrees Celsius). When the plasma cools, the atoms and ions within it release characteristic spectra at specific wavelengths. By detecting these spectral lines with a spectrometer, the elemental composition and concentration of the sample can be determined. Due to its rapid and multi-element analysis capabilities, LIBS has become an important measurement tool in industry and scientific research. In recent years, its testing accuracy has continued to improve, and its application potential has continued to expand.

[0008] (2) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an elemental analysis technique based on the stimulated emission of X-rays by atoms. Its core principle is to bombard the sample with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays, causing inner-shell electrons to be excited and released. When outer-shell electrons then jump to fill the vacancies, they release X-ray fluorescence with specific energies. By detecting the energy and intensity of this fluorescence, the types and amounts of elements in the sample can be determined. With its non-destructive and rapid multi-element analysis advantages, XRF has become a core tool in industry, environmental protection, and scientific research, and its multi-element detection capabilities and application scope continue to expand.

[0009] LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) and XRF (X-ray Fluorescence Analysis), as two complementary elemental analysis techniques, have seen increasing use in combination in recent years. XRF excels at detecting elements with medium to high atomic numbers (Na-U), but has low sensitivity for light elements (such as C, B, and Li). LIBS can effectively detect light elements (H, Li, Be, etc.) and some medium to heavy elements, but has a high detection limit for high atomic number elements (such as heavy metals). The core objective of combining these two techniques is to leverage their respective advantages, overcome the limitations of a single technique, and thereby broaden the detection range and improve sensitivity and accuracy.

[0010] (3) FTIR online analyzer refers to Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, which is an analytical instrument that modulates infrared light with an interferometer and converts the interferogram into a spectrum using Fourier transform. The interferogram is generated by the Michelson interferometer. After the sample absorbs infrared light of a specific wavelength, the time domain signal is converted into a frequency domain spectrum by Fourier transform [1][6]. Compared with traditional dispersive spectrometers, this technology has a higher signal-to-noise ratio and faster scanning speed. It adopts a self-compensating optical system to improve environmental adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This invention provides an online analysis system and method for coal elemental and ash composition, solving the problem of long offline analysis cycles (>2 days) in traditional laboratories and meeting the real-time data requirements of coal chemical production; it also solves the problem of real-time analysis through coal elemental and ash composition analysis during coal gasification. The technical solution is as follows:

[0012] An online analysis system for coal elements and ash composition includes an automatic coal sampling unit, an automatic sample preparation unit, an automatic analysis unit, and an automatic sample throwing unit connected in sequence. The automatic coal sampling unit is used to take samples from coal powder pipelines, coal-water slurry pipelines, or lump coal conveyor belts in the coal gasification process. The automatic sample preparation unit prepares the samples into coal cake samples.

[0013] The automatic analysis unit performs multi-point analysis on the coal cake sample using at least one of the LIBS online analyzer, XRF online analyzer, and FTIR online analyzer, and obtains online analysis results of the content of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, ash, and moisture, as well as the analysis results of the content of components such as SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MnO2, and TiO2 in the ash component, and stores the analysis results data in the coal quality analysis database;

[0014] The analysis results of the coal cake samples represent the coal composition data of the process section where the sample was taken. Combined with the coal procurement or incoming coal quality testing data of that process section, as well as the balance process data of the gasification unit generated after pulverized coal gasification, a coal element and ash composition analysis database of that process section is obtained.

[0015] The analyzed samples are sent into a designated container via an automatic sample ejection unit;

[0016] Through the cycle of the automatic coal sampling unit, automatic sample preparation unit, automatic analysis unit, and automatic sample disposal unit, online continuous measurement of coal powder is achieved.

[0017] Furthermore, the automatic coal sampling unit uses a quantitative sampling device to quantitatively collect samples with uniform particle distribution and a particle size of less than 200 μm in the coal powder pipeline of the coal gasification process; the quantitative sampling device includes a cyclone separator, a coal powder bin, and a sampling tube; the coal powder pipeline is provided with a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening from top to bottom respectively.

[0018] The feed inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the second opening of the pulverized coal pipeline through the feed pipe. A three-way solenoid valve is installed near the second opening of the feed pipe, and the third valve of the three-way solenoid valve is connected to the air pipeline.

[0019] The air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the first opening of the pulverized coal pipeline through an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is equipped with a first solenoid valve.

[0020] The discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the coal powder silo. A one-way valve is provided on the side of the coal powder silo for inserting a sampling tube. The bottom of the coal powder silo is connected to the coal powder pipeline through a discharge pipe. The front end of the discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the coal powder silo and is equipped with a second solenoid valve. The end of the discharge pipe is connected to the third opening of the coal powder pipeline and is equipped with a third solenoid valve.

[0021] The pulverized coal bin is equipped with a weight sensor to determine whether the pulverized coal inside the bin has reached the set weight.

[0022] Furthermore, the automatic coal pulverizing unit takes and pre-treats the coal-water slurry through the automatic coal-water slurry sampling and pulverizing unit. The automatic coal-water slurry sampling and pulverizing unit includes a drying and pulverizing unit, a coal-water slurry quantitative sampling unit, an ultrasonic transducer, and a microwave generator. The coal-water slurry quantitative sampling unit sends the obtained material to the drying and pulverizing unit. The drying and pulverizing unit uses the microwave generator to microwave dry the material, then uses the ultrasonic transducer to ultrasonically pulverize the dried material, and finally samples the pulverized material by a set weight.

[0023] Furthermore, the automatic coal sampling unit takes and pre-processes the lump coal through the automatic lump coal sampling and pulverizing unit. The automatic lump coal sampling and pulverizing unit includes a coal crushing conveyor belt rake sampling unit, a coal crushing screening unit, and a coal pulverizing unit. The coal crushing conveyor belt rake sampling unit feeds the lump coal on the conveyor belt into the coal crushing screening unit, which screens out lump coal with a particle size of 6-30mm. The coal crushing screening unit feeds the screened lump coal into the coal pulverizing unit, which grinds the lump coal into powder using a ball mill. Finally, the powder is sampled at a set weight.

[0024] Furthermore, the automated analysis unit uses a vacuum or inert gas-filled analysis container, which is equipped with at least one of a LIBS online analyzer, an XRF online analyzer, and an FTIR online analyzer.

[0025] Furthermore, the sampling steps of the quantitative sampling device are as follows:

[0026] S11: First, insert the sampling tube into the coal powder silo, close the air pipe of the three-way solenoid valve, close the second and third solenoid valves of the discharge pipe, and open the first solenoid valve of the cyclone separator and the air outlet pipe.

[0027] S12: Coal powder enters the cyclone separator from the feed pipe, the coal powder falls into the coal powder bin, and the incoming gas returns to the coal powder pipeline through the exhaust pipe.

[0028] S13: When the coal powder in the coal powder bin reaches the first set weight, the coal powder in the quantitative sampling trough is full. The quantitative sampling trough is pulled out by the handle, the one-way valve on the side of the coal powder bin is closed, and the sampling tube is sent into the automatic sample preparation unit.

[0029] S14: Close the first valve of the three-way solenoid valve, open the third valve connected to the air pipeline, open the second and third solenoid valves of the discharge pipe, the cyclone separator continues to work, and then the remaining coal powder in the coal powder silo is sent back to the coal powder pipeline.

[0030] S15: Based on the weight sensor of the pulverized coal silo, when the pulverized coal in the silo reaches the second set weight, shut down the cyclone separator and close all valves.

[0031] Furthermore, the automatic sampling unit uses negative pressure to deliver the analyzed sample into a designated container. The automatic sampling unit includes a conical collecting tube, a vacuum tank, and a pulverized coal container connected in sequence. The vacuum tank is connected to a vacuum pump. The conical collecting tube is connected to the vacuum tank through a first connecting tube, which is equipped with an upper solenoid valve. The vacuum tank is connected to the pulverized coal container through a second connecting tube, which is equipped with a lower solenoid valve.

[0032] An online method for analyzing the elemental composition and ash content of coal includes the following steps:

[0033] S1: In the pulverized coal gasification process, the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit automatically and quantitatively collects samples with uniform particle distribution, pulverized coal particle size less than 200μm, and total mass of 2g to 5g from its process equipment or pipeline system.

[0034] S2: The automatic sample preparation unit uses pneumatic or hydraulic equipment to press the coal powder from the automatic coal sampling unit into a dense coal cake with a pressure greater than 10 to 15 MPa. The diameter of the coal cake is 2 cm to 4 cm.

[0035] S3: Under vacuum or inert gas conditions, the automatic analysis unit uses at least one of a LIBS online analyzer, an XRF online analyzer, or an FTIR online analyzer to scan and analyze the coal cake delivered by the automatic sample preparation unit.

[0036] S4: The automatic sampling unit uses a vacuum pump to extract the coal cake scanned by the automatic analysis unit, remove it from the system, and throw it into a designated container.

[0037] Furthermore, in step S3, the analysis data from the automatic analysis unit is sent to the coal quality analysis database. The coal quality analysis database is compared with the coal quality procurement data and the gasification unit balance process data. If the two data are consistent, the value is written into the coal quality element and ash composition analysis database.

[0038] Furthermore, in step S2, under the system calibration working state, the standard coal sample of standard coal powder is provided to the automatic sample preparation unit through the standard coal automatic calibration unit. The standard coal sample is calibrated by the automatic sample preparation unit, the automatic analysis unit and the automatic sample throwing unit through a cycle to realize the calibration of more than three standard coal quality elements and coal ash composition measurements.

[0039] The online analysis system and method for coal element and ash composition, through online automatic sampling, sample preparation, and automatic measurement of samples, can quickly obtain the analysis results of coal element and ash composition online, providing important basic data for precise coal quality management and control in plants, as well as online evaluation of gasification performance and automatic control of the gasification process.

[0040] The advantages of this invention are:

[0041] (1) An online analysis system and method for coal elements and ash composition, which can quickly obtain the analysis results of coal element composition and ash composition in about 20 minutes through online automatic sampling, sample preparation and automatic measurement of the sample.

[0042] (2) The online coal quality element and ash composition analysis results can meet the requirements of precise coal quality management and control, online evaluation of gasification performance and automatic control of gasification process in coal chemical plants.

[0043] (3) The online analysis system for coal elements and ash composition provided by the present invention can selectively use at least one of LIBS, XRF or FTIR for online detection for different application scenarios and calculation accuracy requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural framework of the online analysis system for coal elemental and ash composition.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quantitative sampling device;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural framework of the coal-water slurry pulverizing process.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural framework of the coal pulverization process.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic sampling unit. Detailed Implementation

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, the online analysis system for coal element and ash composition includes an automatic coal sampling unit 1, an automatic sample preparation unit 2, an automatic analysis unit 3, and an automatic sample disposal unit 4 connected in sequence. The automatic coal sampling unit 1 is used to sample from the pulverized coal pipeline, coal-water slurry pipeline, or lump coal conveyor belt in the pulverized coal gasification process. The automatic sample preparation unit 2 prepares the sample into a coal cake sample. The automatic analysis unit 3 analyzes the coal cake sample at different points using at least one of a LIBS online analyzer 5, an XRF online analyzer 6, or an FTIR online analyzer 7. The analysis data is stored in the coal quality analysis database 11. The analyzed sample is sent to a designated container through the automatic sample disposal unit 4. The analysis results of the coal cake sample represent the coal composition data of the coal section where the sample was taken. Combined with the coal procurement data of the coal section and the balance process data of the gasification unit generated after the coal section undergoes pulverized coal gasification, the coal element and ash composition analysis database of the coal section is obtained.

[0050] The analytical method implemented by the online analysis system for coal elemental and ash composition includes the following steps:

[0051] S1: In the pulverized coal gasification process, the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit 1 automatically and quantitatively collects samples with uniform particle distribution, coal powder particle size less than 200μm, and a total mass of approximately 2g to 5g from the atmospheric (or negative pressure) equipment or pipeline system of the process using a quantitative sampling device. For coal-water slurry gasification or lump coal gasification processes, it is necessary to process the coal-water slurry or lump coal into pulverized coal that meets the above requirements. This is done by the automatic coal-water slurry sampling and pulverizing unit 8, which samples and pre-treats the coal-water slurry, or by the automatic lump coal sampling and pulverizing unit 9, which samples and pre-treats the lump coal. During further sampling, only one type of coal-water slurry or lump coal can be selected for processing. That is, when the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit 1 is sampling coal-water slurry or lump coal, the next sampling must wait for the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit 1 to complete the current sampling operation.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the atmospheric pressure (or negative pressure) equipment or pipeline system in the pulverized coal gasification process is equipped with a pulverized coal pipeline 20 for conveying pulverized coal. The pulverized coal pipeline 20 uses negative pressure to convey pulverized coal. From top to bottom, the pulverized coal pipeline 20 is provided with a first opening 21, a second opening 22, and a third opening 23.

[0053] The quantitative sampling device includes a cyclone separator 23, a pulverized coal silo 32, and a sampling tube 33. The inlet and outlet of the cyclone separator 23 are connected to the pulverized coal pipeline 20, and the outlet of the cyclone separator 23 is connected to the pulverized coal silo 32. A one-way valve is provided on the side of the pulverized coal silo 32 for inserting the sampling tube 33. The bottom of the pulverized coal silo 32 is connected to the pulverized coal pipeline 20 through a discharge pipe 29. The pulverized coal silo 32 is equipped with a weight sensor to determine whether the pulverized coal inside the silo has reached a set weight.

[0054] The feed inlet of the cyclone separator 23 is connected to the second opening 22 of the pulverized coal pipeline 20 through the feed pipe 26. A three-way solenoid valve 27 is installed near the second opening 22 in the feed pipe 26. The first valve of the three-way solenoid valve 27 is connected to the second opening 22, the second valve is connected to the feed inlet of the cyclone separator 23 through the feed pipe 26, and the third valve is connected to the air pipeline (not labeled in the figure).

[0055] The air outlet of the cyclone separator 23 is connected to the first opening 21 of the pulverized coal pipeline 20 through the air outlet pipe 24, and the air outlet pipe 24 is equipped with a first solenoid valve 25.

[0056] The front end of the discharge pipe 29 is connected to the bottom of the pulverized coal silo 32, and the end end is connected to the third opening 23 of the pulverized coal pipeline 20. Furthermore, a second solenoid valve 31 is provided at the front end of the discharge pipe 29, and a third solenoid valve 30 is provided at the end.

[0057] The sampling tube 33 includes a tube body, a quantitative sampling groove 34, and a handle 35. The front end of the tube body is matched with an opening on the side of the coal powder silo 32. A one-way valve is provided at the opening. When the sampling tube 33 reaches the opening, the one-way valve opens, and the handle 35 pushes the quantitative sampling groove 34 into the coal powder silo 32. The upper end of the quantitative sampling groove 34 is provided with a groove for holding the coal powder that falls into the coal powder silo 32. When it is full of coal powder, it exits from the coal powder silo 32. The volume of the groove of the quantitative sampling groove 34 is determined to achieve quantitative sampling of the coal powder.

[0058] When using it, sampling includes the following steps:

[0059] S11: First, insert the quantitative sampling slot 34 of the sampling tube 33 into the coal powder silo 32, close the air pipe of the three-way solenoid valve 27, close the second solenoid valve 31 and the third solenoid valve 30 of the discharge pipe 29, and open the first solenoid valve 25 of the cyclone separator 23 and the air outlet pipe 24.

[0060] S12: Coal powder enters the cyclone separator 23 from the feed pipe 26, the coal powder falls into the coal powder silo 32, and the gas that enters returns to the coal powder pipe 20 through the exhaust pipe 24.

[0061] S13: When the coal powder in the coal powder bin 32 reaches the set weight, the coal powder in the quantitative sampling trough 34 is filled. The quantitative sampling trough 34 is pulled out through the handle 35, the one-way valve on the side of the coal powder bin 32 is closed, and the sampling tube 33 is sent into the automatic sample preparation unit 2.

[0062] S14: Close the first valve of the three-way solenoid valve 27, open the third valve connected to the air pipeline, open the second solenoid valve 31 and the third solenoid valve 30 of the discharge pipe 29, the cyclone separator 23 continues to work, and then the remaining coal powder in the coal powder bin 32 is sent back to the coal powder pipeline 20.

[0063] S15: Based on the weight sensor in the pulverized coal silo 32, if it is determined that there is no remaining pulverized coal, shut down the cyclone separator 23 and close all valves.

[0064] To facilitate the collection of coal powder particles, a filter screen 28 can be installed at the second opening 22 to collect coal powder particles with a diameter of less than 200μm. When not sampling, the filter screen 28 can be backflushed and cleaned by using an air pipe and a three-way solenoid valve.

[0065] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the automatic sampling and pulverizing unit 8 for coal-water slurry is used for coal powder production in the coal-water slurry gasification process. It includes a drying and pulverizing unit 81, a quantitative sampling unit 82 for coal-water slurry, an ultrasonic transducer 83, and a microwave generator 84. The quantitative sampling unit 82 feeds the obtained material into the drying and pulverizing unit 81. The drying and pulverizing unit 81 uses the microwave generator 84 to microwave dry the material, and then uses the ultrasonic transducer 83 to pulverize the dried material into powder, thus pulverizing the coal powder agglomerates. Then, a sample of a set weight (approximately 2 grams) is taken.

[0066] In use, the coal-water slurry quantitative sampling unit 82 uses a vacuum pump to extract a certain volume of coal-water slurry and sends the coal-water slurry into the drying and pulverizing unit 81.

[0067] The drying and pulverizing unit 81 includes a drying container. An exhaust valve is located on the top of the drying container, and a feed pipe is located on the side for feeding the coal-water slurry material into the coal-water slurry quantitative sampling unit 82. The drying container is then fed into a microwave generator 84, which uses microwaves to dry the coal-water slurry inside the drying container. Moisture is discharged through the exhaust valve.

[0068] The drying container is then fed into an ultrasonic device, where the ultrasonic transducer 83 pulverizes the dried material into powder. The material is then fed into a sampling container equipped with a weight sensor; once the desired weight is reached, the feeding stops, completing the quantitative sampling. The remaining material can be returned to the coal-water slurry sampling location.

[0069] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the automatic coal sampling and pulverizing unit 9 is used for sampling lump coal. It includes a coal crushing conveyor belt rake sampling unit 91, a coal crushing screening unit 92, and a coal pulverizing unit 93. The coal crushing conveyor belt rake sampling unit 91 feeds the lump coal on the conveyor belt into the coal crushing screening unit 92, where it is screened by a first vibrating screen to obtain lump coal with a particle size of 6-20mm. The coal crushing screening unit 92 feeds the screened lump coal into the coal pulverizing unit 93, where the coal pulverizing unit 93 grinds the lump coal to obtain powder, and then feeds the powder into the automatic coal pulverizing sampling unit 1.

[0070] Furthermore, the pulverized coal grinding unit 93 includes a ball mill, which is used to grind lump coal into fine coal ash according to preset particle size requirements. The fine coal ash is input into a sampling container equipped with a weight sensor, and the input stops when the required weight is reached, thus completing quantitative sampling.

[0071] S2: The automatic sample preparation unit 2 uses a hydraulic press to press the coal powder sent from the automatic coal sampling unit 1 into a dense coal cake on a tray with a pressure greater than 10-15 MPa. The coal cake has a diameter of 2-4 cm and a uniform thickness to meet the analysis requirements of the automatic analysis unit 3.

[0072] The coal cake is transferred via a tray into the analysis container of the automatic analysis unit 3, where the analysis container is equipped with a robotic arm that moves the tray;

[0073] S3: Under vacuum (absolute pressure less than 10 Pa) or inert environment conditions, the automatic analysis unit 3 uses at least one of the following: LIBS online analyzer 5, XRF online analyzer 6, or FTIR online analyzer 7 to scan and analyze the coal cake delivered by the automatic sample preparation unit 2, and obtain the analysis results of the contents of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), ash, and moisture, as well as the analysis results of the components (expressed as mass percentage) of SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MnO2, and TiO2 in the ash composition. The accuracy of elemental analysis and ash composition analysis is greater than 99%.

[0074] Furthermore, the analysis data from the automatic analysis unit 3 is received through the coal quality analysis database 11 to represent the analysis results of each component;

[0075] The coal quality procurement data 12 is the initial analysis data of the coal when it is procured, including the source and weight of the coal, as well as the components of the coal such as moisture, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon obtained through coal industry analysis.

[0076] The gasification unit balance process data 13 is the analysis of coal products after the coal gasification reaction, including the analysis of gas products and coal ash composition.

[0077] The coal quality analysis database 11 is compared with the coal quality procurement data 12 and the gasification unit balance process data 13. If the two data are consistent, the value is written into the coal quality element and ash composition analysis database to show the correspondence between the data before and after the coal reaction.

[0078] The automatic analysis unit uses a vacuum or inert gas-filled analysis container. The analysis container is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet, both of which are fitted with solenoid valves. The vacuum in the analysis container is released using a vacuum pump, or inert gas is introduced into the analysis container through an inert gas pipeline. At least one of the following instruments can be installed inside the analysis container: a LIBS online analyzer, an XRF online analyzer, or an FTIR online analyzer. During analysis, the coal cake is analyzed at different points, and each analyzer performs analysis at different points each time.

[0079] S4: Automatic sampling unit 4 uses a vacuum pump to extract the coal cake scanned by automatic analysis unit 3 after completion, and throws it into a designated container by negative pressure.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, the automatic sampling unit 4 includes a conical collecting pipe 40, a vacuum tank 41, and a pulverized coal container 43 connected in sequence. The vacuum tank 41 is connected to a vacuum pump 42. The conical collecting pipe 40 is connected to the vacuum tank 41 through a first connecting pipe 44, which is equipped with an upper solenoid valve 45. The vacuum tank 41 is connected to the pulverized coal container 43 through a second connecting pipe 46, which is equipped with a lower solenoid valve 47. The vacuum tank 41 is also connected to the vacuum pump 42 through the second connecting pipe 46.

[0081] When in use, vacuum pump 42 evacuates vacuum tank 41. At this time, upper solenoid valve 45 and lower solenoid valve 47 are closed, and then vacuum pump 42 stops working.

[0082] After the automatic analysis unit 3 completes the scanning of the coal cake, the robotic arm inverts the tray containing the coal cake onto the conical collection pipe 40, and the coal cake falls into the conical collection pipe 40.

[0083] When the upper solenoid valve 45 is opened, the coal cake is affected by negative pressure and enters the vacuum tank 41. The lower part of the vacuum tank 41 also has a conical structure, and the pulverized coal formed by the coal cake falls into the second connecting pipe 46.

[0084] When the lower solenoid valve 47 is opened, the pulverized coal enters the pulverized coal container 43, which serves as the designated container. The upper solenoid valve 45 and the lower solenoid valve 47 are closed, and the vacuum pump 42 evacuates the vacuum tank 41, waiting for the next round of coal cake collection.

[0085] The coal cake is relatively small in weight and has little impact on the coal section where the sample is located, so it can be ignored. The collected coal cake sample does not need to be sent to the pulverized coal gasification system.

[0086] In summary, the online continuous measurement of pulverized coal is achieved through the cycle of the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit 1, the automatic sample preparation unit 2, the automatic analysis unit 3, and the automatic sample throwing unit 4.

[0087] Based on this, under the system calibration working state, the standard coal automatic calibration unit 10 provides the automatic sample preparation unit 2 with a sample of standard coal powder. The standard coal sample is calibrated by the automatic sample preparation unit 2, the automatic analysis unit 3 and the automatic sample throwing unit 4. The calibration of three or more standard coal quality elements and coal ash components is achieved through the cycle of the automatic sample preparation unit 2, the automatic analysis unit 3 and the automatic sample throwing unit 4.

[0088] This invention comprises units for automatic pulverized coal sampling, sample preparation, analysis, and sample disposal. These four units work in a cyclical manner to achieve continuous online measurement, supporting the processing of coal samples from various processes, including pulverized coal, coal-water slurry, and crushed coal. Through automatic sampling, high-pressure cake formation (>10 MPa), and LIBS, XRF, or combined scanning under vacuum / inert conditions, it achieves rapid online detection (accuracy >99%) of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, as well as ash content (SiO2, CaO, etc.) in coal. The analytical data is compared and verified in real time with coal quality procurement and gasification process data to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data, thereby optimizing plant coal quality management and automatic gasification control. This invention, through online automatic sampling, sample preparation, and automatic measurement of samples, rapidly obtains the analytical results of coal elemental composition and ash composition, providing crucial foundational data for precise coal quality management and control in plants, online evaluation of gasification performance, and automatic control of the gasification process.

Claims

1. An online analysis system for coal elemental and ash composition, characterized in that: The system includes an automatic coal sampling unit, an automatic sample preparation unit, an automatic analysis unit, and an automatic sample throwing unit connected in sequence. The automatic coal sampling unit is used to take samples from the coal powder pipeline, coal water slurry pipeline, or lump coal conveyor belt in the coal gasification process. The automatic sample preparation unit prepares the samples into coal cake samples. The automatic analysis unit performs multi-point analysis on the coal cake sample using at least one of the LIBS online analyzer, XRF online analyzer, and FTIR online analyzer, and obtains online analysis results of the content of elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, ash, and moisture, as well as the analysis results of the content of SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O, MnO2, and TiO2 in the ash component, and stores the analysis results data in the coal quality analysis database; The analysis results of the coal cake samples represent the coal composition data of the process section where the sample was taken. Combined with the coal procurement and incoming coal quality testing data of that process section, as well as the balance process data of the gasification unit generated after pulverized coal gasification, a coal element and ash composition analysis database of that process section is obtained. The analyzed samples are sent into a designated container via an automatic sample ejection unit; Through the cycle of the automatic coal sampling unit, automatic sample preparation unit, automatic analysis unit, and automatic sample disposal unit, online continuous measurement of coal powder is achieved.

2. The online analysis system for coal elemental and ash content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic pulverized coal sampling unit uses a quantitative sampling device to quantitatively collect samples with uniform particle distribution and particle size less than 200μm in the pulverized coal gasification process pulverized coal pipeline; the quantitative sampling device includes a cyclone separator, a pulverized coal bin, and a sampling tube; the pulverized coal pipeline is provided with a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening from top to bottom respectively. The feed inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the second opening of the pulverized coal pipeline through the feed pipe. A three-way solenoid valve is installed near the second opening of the feed pipe, and the third valve of the three-way solenoid valve is connected to the air pipeline. The air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the first opening of the pulverized coal pipeline through an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is equipped with a first solenoid valve. The discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the coal powder silo. A one-way valve is provided on the side of the coal powder silo for inserting a sampling tube. The bottom of the coal powder silo is connected to the coal powder pipeline through a discharge pipe. The front end of the discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the coal powder silo and is equipped with a second solenoid valve. The end of the discharge pipe is connected to the third opening of the coal powder pipeline and is equipped with a third solenoid valve. The pulverized coal bin is equipped with a weight sensor to determine whether the pulverized coal inside the bin has reached the set weight.

3. The online analysis system for coal elemental and ash composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic coal pulverizing unit takes coal water slurry and pre-treats it through the automatic coal water slurry sampling and pulverizing unit. The automatic coal water slurry sampling and pulverizing unit includes a drying and pulverizing unit, a coal water slurry quantitative sampling unit, an ultrasonic transducer, and a microwave generator. The coal water slurry quantitative sampling unit sends the obtained material to the drying and pulverizing unit. The drying and pulverizing unit uses the microwave generator to microwave dry the material, then uses the ultrasonic transducer to ultrasonically pulverize the dried material, and finally samples the pulverized material by a set weight.

4. The online analysis system for coal elemental and ash content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic coal sampling unit takes and pre-processes lump coal through the automatic lump coal sampling and pulverizing unit. The automatic lump coal sampling and pulverizing unit includes a coal crushing conveyor belt rake sampling unit, a coal crushing screening unit, and a coal pulverizing unit. The coal crushing conveyor belt rake sampling unit feeds the lump coal on the conveyor belt into the coal crushing screening unit, which screens lump coal with a particle size of 6-30mm. The coal crushing screening unit feeds the screened lump coal into the coal pulverizing unit. The coal pulverizing unit grinds the lump coal into powder through a ball mill. Finally, a sample of the powder is taken at a set weight.

5. The online analysis system for coal elemental and ash content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automated analysis unit uses a vacuum or inert gas-filled analysis container, which is equipped with at least one of a LIBS online analyzer, an XRF online analyzer, and an FTIR online analyzer.

6. The online analysis system for coal elemental and ash composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling steps of the quantitative sampling device are as follows: S11: First, insert the sampling tube into the coal powder silo, close the air pipe of the three-way solenoid valve, close the second and third solenoid valves of the discharge pipe, and open the first solenoid valve of the cyclone separator and the air outlet pipe. S12: Coal powder enters the cyclone separator from the feed pipe, the coal powder falls into the coal powder bin, and the incoming gas returns to the coal powder pipeline through the exhaust pipe. S13: When the coal powder in the coal powder bin reaches the first set weight, the coal powder in the quantitative sampling trough is full. The quantitative sampling trough is pulled out by the handle, the one-way valve on the side of the coal powder bin is closed, and the sampling tube is sent into the automatic sample preparation unit. S14: Close the first valve of the three-way solenoid valve, open the third valve connected to the air pipeline, open the second and third solenoid valves of the discharge pipe, the cyclone separator continues to work, and then the remaining coal powder in the coal powder silo is sent back to the coal powder pipeline. S15: Based on the weight sensor of the pulverized coal silo, when the pulverized coal in the silo reaches the second set weight, shut down the cyclone separator and close all valves.

7. The online analysis system for coal elemental and ash content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic sampling unit uses negative pressure to deliver the analyzed sample into a designated container. The automatic sampling unit includes a conical collection tube, a vacuum tank, and a pulverized coal container connected in sequence. The vacuum tank is connected to a vacuum pump. The conical collection tube is connected to the vacuum tank through a first connecting pipe, which is equipped with an upper solenoid valve. The vacuum tank is connected to the pulverized coal container through a second connecting pipe, which is equipped with a lower solenoid valve.

8. An online method for analyzing the elemental composition and ash content of coal, comprising the following steps: S1: In the pulverized coal gasification process, the automatic pulverized coal sampling unit automatically and quantitatively collects samples with uniform particle distribution, pulverized coal particle size less than 200μm, and total mass of 2g to 5g from its process equipment or pipeline system. S2: The automatic sample preparation unit uses pneumatic or hydraulic equipment to press the coal powder from the automatic coal sampling unit into a dense coal cake with a pressure greater than 10 to 15 MPa. The diameter of the coal cake is 2 cm to 4 cm. S3: Under vacuum or inert gas conditions, the automatic analysis unit uses at least one of a LIBS online analyzer, an XRF online analyzer, or an FTIR online analyzer to scan and analyze the coal cake delivered by the automatic sample preparation unit. S4: The automatic sampling unit uses a vacuum pump to extract the coal cake scanned by the automatic analysis unit, remove it from the system, and throw it into a designated container.

9. The online analysis method for coal elemental and ash composition according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the analysis data from the automatic analysis unit is sent to the coal quality analysis database. The coal quality analysis database is compared with the coal quality procurement data and the gasification unit balance process data. If the two data are consistent, the value is written into the coal quality element and ash composition analysis database.

10. The online analysis method for coal elemental and ash composition according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, under the system calibration working state, the standard coal sample of standard coal powder is provided to the automatic sample preparation unit through the standard coal automatic calibration unit. The standard coal sample is calibrated by the automatic sample preparation unit, the automatic analysis unit and the automatic sample throwing unit in a cycle to realize the calibration of more than three standard coal quality elements and coal ash composition measurements.

Images