PCB lamination parameter control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of printed circuit board manufacturing, in particular to a PCB lamination parameter control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: receiving a global pressure adjustment instruction; acquiring real-time temperature data of the to-be-laminated sheet, and constructing a surface temperature distribution diagram of the to-be-laminated sheet; the surface temperature distribution diagram is analyzed, and operation areas, with different thermal response attributes, of the to-be-laminated sheet are divided; according to the thermal response attribute of each operation region and the global pressure adjustment instruction, obtaining a region area weight and a response deviation coefficient, carrying out differential decomposition on the global pressure adjustment instruction, and calculating differential pressure adjustment amounts of the plurality of operation regions; and mapping the differential pressure adjustment amount to a multi-partition hydraulic execution mechanism in the laminating equipment, and controlling a target pressure value output by each operation area. The method has the advantages that refined and differentiated pressure adjustment of operation areas with different thermal response attributes in the plate can be achieved, and local defects caused by uneven material response are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of printed circuit board manufacturing, and more specifically, to a method and system for controlling PCB lamination parameters. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of multilayer printed circuit boards (PCBs), the lamination process is a critical step that determines product performance. With the increasing complexity of PCB designs, especially when there are significant structural inhomogeneities within the board material, such as large differences in copper foil distribution density in different areas, traditional lamination parameter control methods face severe challenges.

[0003] Existing technologies typically employ a global pressure adjustment strategy. Operators, based on experience or macroscopic monitoring data, issue a unified overall pressure adjustment command to the laminating equipment. When operators observe localized thickness unevenness in the laminate during lamination, they often input a global pressure adjustment command through the human-machine interface to correct the overall compaction. While this may temporarily alleviate surface problems macroscopically, due to the inhomogeneity of the internal structure of the laminate (such as copper foil distribution) and the differences in thermophysical parameters and rheological properties of materials in different areas, this global pressure adjustment cannot produce the expected uniform effect across all regions. Conversely, increased overall pressure may lead to excessive resin compression and overflow in areas with high copper foil density, resulting in resin depletion or even the formation of microvoids in those areas; while in adjacent areas with lower copper foil density, overflowing resin may accumulate, causing the dielectric layer thickness to exceed tolerances.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a PCB lamination parameter control method and system, which has the advantages of enabling fine and differentiated pressure adjustment in different thermal response areas inside the board, and effectively avoiding local defects caused by uneven material response.

[0006] This application provides a method for controlling PCB lamination parameters, the method including: Receive global pressure adjustment command, which represents the operator's intention to intervene in the overall compaction state of the plate. Obtain real-time temperature data of the board material to be laminated, and construct a surface temperature distribution map of the board material to be laminated; Analyze the surface temperature distribution map, identify the temperature response differences in different regions based on the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and combine the temperature response differences with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated to divide the operating areas of the board to be laminated with different thermal response properties. Based on the thermal response attributes of each operating area and the global pressure adjustment command, the area weight and response deviation coefficient are obtained. The global pressure adjustment command is decomposed differently, and the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of multiple operating areas is calculated. After weighting, the multiple differentiated pressure adjustment amounts are macroscopically equivalent to the global pressure adjustment command. The differentiated pressure adjustment is mapped to the multi-zone hydraulic actuator in the laminating equipment, controlling the output of each operating zone to match the target pressure value of the differentiated pressure adjustment.

[0007] The above solution can transform the operator's macroscopic intervention intention into a refined and differentiated pressure adjustment of different thermal response properties within the sheet material, effectively avoiding local defects caused by uneven material response.

[0008] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Collect real-time thickness change data for each operating area; By comparing real-time thickness change data with the preset target compaction profile, the lamination deviation between the actual compaction state of each operating area and the target compaction state corresponding to the target compaction profile is determined. If the lamination deviation exceeds the allowable threshold, the differential pressure adjustment amount is corrected in real time based on the lamination deviation, the deviation change trend, and the pressure response sensitivity of each operating area, and the target pressure value applied to each operating area is updated.

[0009] The above scheme further improves the compaction accuracy and uniformity of the lamination process by monitoring thickness changes in real time and correcting deviations.

[0010] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Acquire real-time operating temperature data and operating thickness change data for each operating area during the pressurization process; Based on the operating temperature data, calculate the heat energy absorption rate per unit time for each operating zone; Based on the operating thickness variation data and the target pressure value of each operating area, the mechanical compression work rate per unit time of each operating area is calculated. By correlating the thermal energy absorption rate per unit time with the mechanical compression work rate per unit time, the material rheological properties of each operating region are identified, and the thermo-mechanical response coupling state of each operating region is obtained. Based on the thermodynamic response coupling state of each operating area, the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount is corrected, and the corresponding target pressure value is updated based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0011] By introducing thermo-response coupled state analysis through the above scheme, we can more accurately identify the rheological properties of materials, thereby achieving more precise pressure adjustment and optimizing the lamination quality.

[0012] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Based on the operating temperature data and target pressure values ​​of each operating area, combined with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated and the preset curing stage information, a reference coupling behavior relationship between the heat energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate is dynamically constructed. The combination of the thermal energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time in each operating region is compared with the reference coupling behavior in real time to obtain the coupling deviation parameters of each operating region. Determine whether the current thermodynamic response coupling state of each operating region deviates from the reference coupling behavior relationship, and determine the degree and direction of deviation; Based on the degree and direction of deviation, the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount is corrected, and the corresponding target pressure value is updated based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0013] By using the above scheme, and through dynamically constructing reference coupling behavior relationships and comparing them in real time, abnormal deviations in the thermal response can be detected and corrected in a timely manner, thereby further improving the accuracy and stability of control.

[0014] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Continuously record the thickness change trend of each operating area within a set time window; Based on the thickness change trend and the current target pressure value, determine the rate and direction of change in the compaction state of each operating area; By combining the coupling deviation parameters of each operating area, identify whether there are abnormal trends such as response lag, overshoot, or oscillation in the current compaction state changes; If an abnormal trend exists, adjust the response rhythm of the differential pressure adjustment amount according to the rate of change of compaction state and the coupling deviation parameter, and limit the adjustment range or slope of the differential pressure adjustment amount per unit time. Update the target pressure value based on the adjusted differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0015] By combining the above scheme with the thickness variation trend and coupling deviation parameters, abnormal compaction state variation trends can be identified and suppressed, ensuring the stability and reliability of the lamination process.

[0016] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Determine whether the target pressure value and differential pressure adjustment amount of each operating area exceed the preset physical safety range within any set period; If there is a situation that exceeds the preset physical safety range, it is determined whether the control deviation is caused by material response instability based on the coupling deviation parameters of the current operating area and the rate of change of the compaction state. If it is a control deviation, the upper and lower limits of the target pressure value and the differential pressure adjustment amount in the corresponding operating area are limited according to the preset limit rules, and the adjustment and update operation of the target pressure value in the next cycle is delayed. If it is not a control offset, update the corresponding target pressure value according to the differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0017] The above solution enhances the assessment of physical safety limits and the identification of instability control deviations, effectively preventing equipment damage and product defects caused by excessive control or material instability.

[0018] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Based on the differences in thermal energy absorption rate, mechanical compression work rate, and target pressure change rate between adjacent operating areas, it is determined whether there is a trend of uncoordinated control response between areas. If a trend of uncoordinated control response exists, identify the dominant operating area that causes the uncoordinated control response trend; Adjust the calculation strategy for the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount in the dominant operating area, and adjust the response rhythm of the differential pressure adjustment amount in the operating areas adjacent to the dominant operating area in conjunction with it.

[0019] The above scheme effectively solves the problem of uneven response in local areas by judging the trend of uncoordinated control response between regions and making corresponding corrections, thereby improving the uniformity of the overall lamination.

[0020] Optionally, this application also proposes a calculation strategy for adjusting the corresponding differentiated pressure adjustment amount in the dominant operating region, including: Based on the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value between the current cycle and the previous cycle in the dominant operating area, the difference in the rate of change of the corresponding compaction state, and the coupling deviation parameter, the calculation weight of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount is dynamically adjusted.

[0021] By dynamically adjusting the calculation weight of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount through the above scheme, the control strategy of the dominant operation area becomes more flexible and precise, and the coordination between areas is further optimized.

[0022] Optionally, this application also proposes that the method further includes: Within multiple consecutive time windows, record the distribution trajectory of the target pressure values ​​corresponding to each operating area; Determine whether there is an overall shift trend or an uneven spatial distribution trend in the target pressure value distribution trajectory; If there is an overall offset trend, the offset correction amount is calculated based on the center offset trend of the target pressure value distribution trajectory in multiple consecutive time windows, and the benchmark value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of each operating area is adjusted synchronously in subsequent cycles according to the offset correction amount. If there is a trend of uneven spatial distribution, the operation area where the gradient of the target pressure value change exceeds the preset threshold is identified, and the variation of the differential pressure adjustment amount in the operation area is limited within a unit of time.

[0023] By analyzing the target pressure value distribution trajectory, the above scheme can identify and correct overall deviations or uneven spatial distribution, further improving the stability of the lamination process and product consistency.

[0024] Optionally, this application also proposes a PCB lamination parameter control system, the system comprising: The instruction input module is used to receive global pressure adjustment instructions, which represent the operator's intention to intervene in the overall compaction state of the plate. The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire real-time temperature data of the board to be laminated and construct a surface temperature distribution map of the board to be laminated. The operation area identification module is used to analyze the surface temperature distribution map, identify the temperature response differences in different areas based on the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and combine the temperature response differences with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated to divide the operation areas of the board to be laminated with different thermal response properties. The pressure adjustment module is used to obtain the area weight and response deviation coefficient of each operating area based on the thermal response attributes of each operating area and the global pressure adjustment command, perform differential decomposition of the global pressure adjustment command, calculate the differential pressure adjustment amount of multiple operating areas, and the multiple differential pressure adjustment amounts are macroscopically equivalent to the global pressure adjustment command after weighting. The control module is used to map the differentiated pressure adjustment amount to the multi-zone hydraulic actuator in the laminating equipment, and control the output of each operating zone to match the target pressure value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount.

[0025] The above scheme provides a system for implementing the PCB lamination parameter control method, providing hardware foundation and functional support for the practical application of the method.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, the PCB lamination parameter control method and system provided in this application receives a global pressure adjustment command and, based on the real-time temperature data and thermophysical parameters of the board, divides the board into operating areas with different thermal response properties. Then, it performs differential decomposition of the global pressure adjustment command, calculates and applies differential pressure adjustment amounts, thereby achieving fine pressure control of each operating area. It has the advantage of being able to transform the operator's macroscopic intervention intention into fine and differential pressure adjustment of operating areas with different thermal response properties inside the board, effectively avoiding local defects caused by uneven material response. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a second flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a third flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 This is the fourth flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is the fifth flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a sixth flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 8 This is the seventh flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 9 This is the eighth flowchart illustrating a PCB lamination parameter control method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 10 A flowchart of a PCB lamination parameter control system provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Command input module; 2. Temperature acquisition module; 3. Operation area identification module; 4. Pressure adjustment module; 5. Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 This application proposes a method for controlling PCB lamination parameters, the method comprising: S10: Receive global pressure adjustment command, which represents the operator's intention to intervene in the overall compaction state of the plate. S20: Obtain real-time temperature data of the board to be laminated and construct a surface temperature distribution map of the board to be laminated; S30: Analyze the surface temperature distribution map, identify the temperature response differences in different regions based on the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and combine the temperature response differences with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated to divide the operating areas of the board to be laminated with different thermal response properties. S40: Based on the thermal response attributes of each operating area and the global pressure adjustment command, obtain the area weight and response deviation coefficient, perform differential decomposition on the global pressure adjustment command, calculate the differential pressure adjustment amount of multiple operating areas, and the multiple differential pressure adjustment amounts are macroscopically equivalent to the global pressure adjustment command after weighting. S50: Maps the differential pressure adjustment amount to the multi-zone hydraulic actuator in the laminating equipment, and controls the output of each operating zone to match the target pressure value of the differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0041] In this embodiment, the global pressure adjustment command refers to the operator's intention to macroscopically intervene in the overall compaction state of the sheet material. This can be achieved through a unified pressure setting input on the human-machine interface or through preset process curve adjustment commands. The temperature rise rate refers to the magnitude of temperature increase per unit time, i.e., how quickly the temperature of a certain area changes over time, usually expressed in "℃ / s". The temperature gradient is the rate of temperature change in space, usually expressed as the temperature change per unit length, with units of "℃ / mm" or "℃ / m". The operating area refers to the sub-regions of the sheet material to be laminated, divided according to real-time temperature data, temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and material thermophysical parameters, exhibiting different characteristics in heat absorption or conduction. These sub-regions can be determined using grid-based partitioning or feature region identification (e.g., copper foil density distribution areas). The area weight refers to the proportion of each operating area in the total area of ​​the sheet material to be laminated, which can be preset or obtained through image recognition and calculation. The response deviation coefficient refers to the sensitivity of each operating area to pressure changes or the difference in its rheological properties at a specific temperature. It can be determined based on material experimental data or through analysis of historical lamination data. The differentiated pressure adjustment amount refers to the local pressure adjustment value calculated for different operating areas, corresponding to the global pressure adjustment command. It can be obtained through proportional allocation or calculation based on optimization algorithms. A multi-zone hydraulic actuator refers to a hydraulic system in a lamination device capable of independently applying pressure to different areas. It can be implemented using multiple independent hydraulic cylinders or through a zoned control valve array.

[0042] Multiple differentiated pressure adjustment values, after weighting, maintain macroscopic equivalence with the global pressure adjustment command. This refers to a global pressure adjustment command input by the operator or system, such as +0.5MPa indicating an overall increase in pressure. The system sets differentiated pressure adjustment values ​​separately for each region, such as +0.6MPa for one region and +0.4MPa for another. After combining the differentiated adjustment values ​​of all regions according to certain weighting rules (such as area weight, response deviation weight, etc.), the overall effect is consistent with the original global command.

[0043] This application proposes a PCB lamination parameter control method. First, it receives a global pressure adjustment command from the operator and collects real-time temperature data of the board material to be laminated, constructing a surface temperature distribution map of the board. By analyzing the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, it identifies temperature response differences in different regions and, combined with the material's thermophysical parameters, divides operating areas with different thermal response properties. Subsequently, based on the thermal response properties of each operating area and the global command, it obtains the area weight and response deviation coefficient, achieving differentiated decomposition of the global command and calculating the differentiated pressure adjustment amount for each operating area. This differentiated processing ensures both the macroscopic equivalence of overall pressure control and enhances the accuracy of local adjustments. Finally, the calculated differentiated pressure adjustment amount is mapped to a multi-zone hydraulic actuator, enabling independent control of the target pressure value for each operating area. This effectively solves the problem of uneven local compaction in non-uniform boards caused by traditional global control, improving lamination uniformity and control flexibility.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: The operator inputs a global pressure adjustment command of "increase overall pressure by 5%" on the main control interface. The system activates the infrared thermal imager array to collect real-time surface temperature data of the sheet material to be laminated, generating a temperature distribution map. The image analysis unit identifies areas with different temperature rise rates, such as areas with high copper foil density, fast heat dissipation, and slow temperature rise, as well as areas with sparse copper foil and fast temperature rise. Combining the thermophysical parameters of the resin and fiberglass cloth corresponding to the sheet material, the system divides it into multiple rectangular operating areas with different thermal response attributes. Then, the area weight of each area is calculated, and the response deviation coefficient is extracted from the preset response sensitivity table according to the thermal response attribute to generate differentiated pressure adjustment amounts. For example, a higher coefficient is set for areas with slower temperature rise to compensate for insufficient compaction. The system weights and integrates these adjustment amounts to ensure that the total effect is macroscopically equivalent to the original "5%" command, and then distributes them to the corresponding hydraulic actuators. Each hydraulic cylinder independently adjusts the pressure head output to achieve precise application of the target pressure value to each operating area, thereby effectively improving the compaction consistency of non-uniform sheets.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the steps of the PCB lamination parameter control method further include: S60: Collects real-time thickness change data for each operating area; S70: Compare the real-time thickness change data with the preset target compaction profile to determine the lamination deviation between the actual compaction state of each operating area and the target compaction state corresponding to the target compaction profile. S80: If the lamination deviation exceeds the allowable threshold, the differential pressure adjustment amount is corrected in real time based on the lamination deviation, the deviation change trend and the pressure response sensitivity of each operating area, and the target pressure value applied to each operating area is updated.

[0046] In this embodiment, real-time thickness change data refers to the thickness values ​​of the sheet material continuously acquired by sensors in different operating areas during the lamination process. This can be achieved using laser displacement sensors, capacitive sensors, or ultrasonic sensors to monitor the sheet material thickness in real time. The preset target compaction profile refers to the thickness change curve or final thickness distribution that should be achieved in each operating area at different lamination stages, pre-set before the lamination process begins based on the sheet material design, material properties, and final product requirements. This can be determined using methods based on finite element analysis, historical process data, or expert experience. Lamination deviation refers to the difference between the real-time thickness change data of each operating area and the preset target compaction profile. The difference can be quantified by calculating the absolute difference or relative percentage difference between the real-time thickness and the target thickness; the allowable threshold refers to the maximum acceptable range of lamination deviation during the lamination process, which can be set according to process requirements, product tolerances, or empirical values; the deviation change trend refers to the law or direction of lamination deviation change over time, which can be analyzed by performing differential, regression analysis, or trend prediction algorithms on lamination deviation data at continuous time points; the pressure response sensitivity refers to the degree to which the thickness or compaction state of each operating area changes when a unit pressure change is applied, which can be obtained through experimental calibration, material mechanics model calculation, or historical data analysis.

[0047] This application introduces a closed-loop feedback mechanism to dynamically optimize the initially generated differentiated pressure adjustment. During the lamination process, the system continuously collects real-time thickness change data for each operating area and compares it with the preset target compaction profile to determine if there is any lamination deviation exceeding the allowable threshold. If a significant deviation exists, the system comprehensively considers the deviation amount, the deviation trend, and the pressure response sensitivity of each area, dynamically correcting the differentiated pressure adjustment and updating the corresponding target pressure value in real time. This approach compensates for deficiencies in the initial parameter settings, enabling the system to maintain compaction consistency when dealing with material deformation and process disturbances, significantly improving lamination accuracy and finished product quality.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: During the PCB lamination process, this embodiment of the application uses laser displacement sensors deployed in each operating area to collect real-time thickness change data of the corresponding area and transmits this data to the central control unit at a millisecond frequency. The central control unit pre-stores a target compaction profile. By comparing the real-time data with the target compaction profile, the lamination deviation value is calculated. If the deviation exceeds a set allowable threshold, the system will further combine the deviation change trend (such as trend direction and slope based on linear fitting analysis) and the pressure response sensitivity of the corresponding operating area to activate a real-time correction mechanism. Based on the above information, the control unit uses PID or fuzzy control algorithms to calculate the corrected differentiated pressure adjustment amount and update the target pressure value of the area. This target pressure value is implemented through a multi-zone hydraulic actuator to precisely adjust the applied pressure, making the actual compaction state approach the target compaction profile, improving control accuracy and board consistency.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the steps of the PCB lamination parameter control method further include: S90: Acquire real-time operating temperature data and operating thickness change data of each operating area during the pressurization process; S100: Calculates the heat absorption rate per unit time for each operating zone based on operating temperature data; S110: Based on the operating thickness variation data and the target pressure value of each operating area, calculate the mechanical compression work rate per unit time of each operating area; S120: Correlation analysis between the thermal energy absorption rate per unit time and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time is performed to identify the material rheological properties of each operating region and obtain the thermo-mechanical response coupling state of each operating region. S130: Based on the thermodynamic response coupling state of each operating area, correct the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount, and update the corresponding target pressure value based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0050] In this embodiment, the heat absorption rate per unit time refers to the amount of heat absorbed by the sheet metal within a specific operating area per unit time. This can be calculated by monitoring the temperature change rate of the operating area, the specific heat capacity of the sheet metal, and its mass density. For example, it can be derived using thermodynamic formulas based on real-time temperature data obtained from a temperature sensor array and the known thermophysical parameters of the sheet metal. The mechanical compression work rate per unit time refers to the mechanical work done on the sheet metal by the pressure applied to a specific operating area per unit time. This can be calculated by monitoring the thickness change rate of the operating area, the applied target pressure value, and the area of ​​the region. For example, it can be derived using mechanical formulas based on real-time thickness change data obtained from a micro-displacement sensor and the target pressure value output by the hydraulic actuator. Correlation analysis refers to the comprehensive data processing and pattern recognition of these two dynamic parameters: the heat absorption rate per unit time and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time. Various data analysis methods can be used, such as establishing mathematical models, using lookup tables, or applying machine learning algorithms to discover the inherent connections and mutual influence patterns between the two parameters. Material rheological properties refer to the flow, deformation, and curing behavior of sheet materials under the combined effects of temperature and pressure. This includes properties such as viscosity, elastic modulus, and curing rate, which change with temperature and pressure. Thermodynamic response coupling state refers to the dynamic equilibrium or imbalance state between the thermal energy absorption and mechanical compression work of a sheet material within a specific operating region. It comprehensively reflects the rheological behavior of the material under current temperature and pressure conditions.

[0051] This application's solution enhances the control precision of the PCB lamination process by dynamically considering the thermo-mechanical coupling behavior of the laminated material. First, during pressure application, real-time data on the operating temperature and thickness variation of each operating region are acquired. Then, based on the operating temperature data, the heat absorption rate per unit time for each operating region is calculated. This quantifies the rate at which heat energy is absorbed in each region, crucial for understanding the material's thermal state and its softening or curing potential. Simultaneously, using the thickness variation data and the target pressure value for each operating region, the mechanical compression work rate per unit time is calculated. This indicator reflects the rate at which mechanical energy is used to compress the material, embodying the material's deformation resistance under pressure. The core of this method lies in the correlation analysis between the heat absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time, aiming to identify the material's rheological properties, i.e., the flow and deformation behavior of the material under the combined action of thermal and mechanical stresses. By understanding this dynamic relationship, the thermo-mechanical response coupling state of each operating region can be determined. This coupling state provides a comprehensive real-time assessment of the material's deformation and flow under current temperature and pressure conditions. Finally, based on the determined thermo-mechanical response coupling state, the corresponding differentiated pressure adjustment is corrected to ensure that the applied pressure accurately adapts to the material's actual dynamic behavior. Subsequently, the target pressure values ​​of each operating region are updated based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment, thereby realizing a closed-loop adaptive control mechanism.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, during the PCB lamination process, to achieve dynamic identification of the thermal response state, the system collects and processes operating temperature data and operating thickness change data separately. Operating temperature data can be acquired by an array of infrared temperature sensors or thermocouples deployed above each operating area, reflecting real-time temperature changes within the area. Operating thickness change data is acquired by a high-precision displacement sensor mounted on the lamination equipment plate, calculating the instantaneous thickness change rate. Based on the material's thermophysical parameters, the system calculates the thermal energy absorption rate per unit time for each operating area using the formula dQ / dt=m·c·(dT / dt), where dQ / dt is the thermal energy absorption rate (unit: watts, W), m is the material mass (unit: kilograms, kg), c is the specific heat capacity (unit: joules per kilogram per Kelvin, J / (kg·K)), and dT / dt is the temperature change rate (unit: Kelvin per second, K / s). Based on the current target pressure value and the area of ​​the region, the system calculates the mechanical compression work rate per unit time using dW / dt=P·A·(dh / dt), where dW / dt is the mechanical compression work rate (unit: watts, W), P is the current target pressure value (unit: Pascals, Pa), A is the area of ​​the operating region (unit: square meters, m²), and dh / dt is the rate of change of the height (thickness) of the region per unit time (unit: meters per second, m / s). Subsequently, the control unit uses a preset database or a trained neural network model to analyze the combination of heat absorption rate and mechanical compression rate, identifying the corresponding thermodynamic response coupling state and the corresponding material rheological properties (such as rapid curing or excessive viscosity). If excessive fluidity is identified, the control algorithm calculates a negative correction for the corresponding differential pressure adjustment; if insufficient compaction is identified, a positive correction is applied. The corrected differential pressure adjustment is used to update the target pressure value of the corresponding operating area, implemented in real time by the multi-zone hydraulic actuator, thereby achieving continuous tracking of the thermodynamic response state and closed-loop pressure regulation.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the method further includes: S140: Based on the operating temperature data and target pressure value of each operating area, combined with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated and the preset curing stage information, dynamically construct the reference coupling behavior relationship between the heat energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate. S150: The combination of the thermal energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time of each operating region is compared with the reference coupling behavior in real time to obtain the coupling deviation parameters of each operating region. S160: Determine whether the current thermodynamic response coupling state of each operating region deviates from the reference coupling behavior relationship, and determine the degree and direction of deviation; S170: Based on the degree and direction of deviation, correct the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount, and update the corresponding target pressure value based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0054] In this embodiment, the reference coupling behavior relationship refers to the specific correlation pattern or functional relationship between the thermal energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate of the laminate under different operating temperatures and pressures under ideal or expected lamination process conditions. This relationship can be implemented using multidimensional lookup tables, simulation curves based on physical models, or predictive models trained through machine learning algorithms. Dynamic construction means that the reference coupling behavior relationship is not fixed but is calculated or adjusted in real-time based on real-time operating temperature data, target pressure values, material thermophysical parameters, and preset curing stage information. This can be achieved through online model updates, adaptive parameter adjustment, or iterative optimization based on real-time data streams. The coupling deviation parameter is implemented using a quantitative algorithm. It refers to the quantitative difference between the combination of the actual measured thermal energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time in each operating region and the dynamically constructed reference coupling behavior relationship. It can be implemented using Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance, or a value calculated based on a specific error function. The degree of deviation refers to the magnitude of the coupling deviation parameter, which reflects the severity of the difference between the actual response and the reference behavior. The direction of deviation refers to the specific trend of the actual response deviating from the reference behavior, such as thermal energy absorption being too fast and mechanical compression being insufficient, or thermal energy absorption being too slow and mechanical compression being excessive. It can be implemented using vector analysis, quadrant judgment in multidimensional space, or classification judgment based on a preset threshold.

[0055] This application enhances the fine-grained control of regional pressure adjustment during PCB lamination by introducing a dynamic reference coupling behavior relationship. First, based on real-time operating temperature data and the current target pressure value for each operating region, combined with the thermophysical parameters of the board material (such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity) and preset curing stage information, the system dynamically constructs an ideal coupling behavior relationship between the heat absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate to characterize the thermodynamic conversion law under ideal compaction conditions. Subsequently, the system calculates the actual heat absorption rate and mechanical compression work rate per unit time for each operating region in real time, compares this combined characteristic with the reference coupling behavior relationship, and obtains the coupling deviation parameter for each operating region. This parameter not only reflects the difference between the actual response and the ideal benchmark but also further analyzes the specific direction of the deviation (such as excessively rapid heat absorption or insufficient compression). Based on this, the system determines whether the thermodynamic response of each operating region deviates from normal operating conditions and quantifies the degree and nature of the deviation. Based on this deviation analysis, the system specifically corrects the corresponding differentiated pressure adjustment amount, such as slowing down the pressure increase rate when premature resin softening is detected, or increasing the local pressure in areas of compression lag. Ultimately, the revised differential pressure adjustment is used to update the target pressure value, achieving dynamic, closed-loop, and refined control, thereby improving the matching degree of pressure distribution during the lamination process and the consistency and reliability of the finished board.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: To achieve dynamic modeling of the coupling relationship between thermal energy absorption rate and mechanical compression work rate, the system pre-collects thermal energy absorption rate and mechanical compression work rate data of board samples under multiple sets of temperature, pressure, and curing degree conditions through experiments, and uses this data to train a multi-input multi-output neural network model. The model inputs include: real-time operating temperature data of each operating area, current target pressure value, material thermophysical parameters (such as specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and glass transition temperature), and curing stage information (such as curing degree percentage or cumulative curing time). The output is the thermal energy absorption rate and mechanical compression work rate corresponding to ideal conditions. During the actual lamination process, the system continuously collects the above input parameters and inputs them into the model, dynamically generating a reference coupling behavior relationship under the current operating conditions. At this time, the system uses the actual thermal energy absorption rate and mechanical compression work rate calculated in real time for each operating area as two-dimensional points, compares them with the reference coupling curve or region output by the neural network, and calculates the Euclidean distance from this point to the reference curve as a coupling deviation parameter. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, the system will further determine the direction of the deviation (e.g., excessively rapid heat absorption or insufficient compression), and based on the degree of deviation, execute a pressure correction strategy to adjust the differentiated pressure adjustment amount. For example, under the deviation type of "rapid heat absorption and weak compression," the system increases the pressure adjustment amount in that area to improve the compaction state. The correction result is used to update the target pressure value and transmit it to the multi-zone hydraulic actuators, forming a closed-loop control and improving the adaptability of thermal response and the consistency of lamination quality.

[0057] Reference Figure 5 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the method further includes: S180: Continuously records the thickness change trend of each operating area within a set time window; S190: Based on the thickness change trend and the current target pressure value, determine the rate and direction of change in the compaction state of each operating area; S200: By combining the coupling deviation parameters of each operating area, identify whether there are abnormal trends such as response lag, overshoot, or oscillation in the current compaction state change; S210: If there is an abnormal trend, adjust the response rhythm of the differential pressure adjustment amount according to the rate of change of compaction state and the coupling deviation parameter, and limit the adjustment range or slope of the differential pressure adjustment amount per unit time. S220: Update the target pressure value based on the adjusted differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0058] In this embodiment, the set time window refers to a predefined duration for continuously monitoring and recording thickness change data of each operating area. It can be dynamically configured based on material properties, lamination stage, or process requirements. The thickness change trend refers to the pattern or regularity of thickness change in each operating area over time within the set time window. This can manifest as a continuous decrease, stabilization, or rebound in thickness, and can be obtained through fitting, differencing, or statistical analysis of continuous thickness measurement data. The rate and direction of compaction state change refer to the speed of thickness change in each operating area and whether the thickness is increasing or decreasing. This can be calculated based on the slope or first derivative of the thickness change trend. Abnormal trends refer to unexpected dynamic behaviors in the compaction process that deviate from the ideal stable state, such as… The response can be lag, overshoot, or oscillation. Lag refers to a slow or insufficient response to thickness changes after pressure adjustment; overshoot refers to a thickness change exceeding the target value and then rebounding; and oscillation refers to repeated fluctuations in thickness around the target value. These can be identified through a comprehensive analysis of the rate and direction of compaction state changes and coupling deviation parameters. Response rhythm refers to the frequency, speed, or smoothness of updating or applying differentiated pressure adjustments, which can be set according to the parameters of the control algorithm or a specific adjustment strategy. Limiting the adjustment amplitude or slope of differentiated pressure adjustments per unit time refers to constraining the maximum allowable change or rate of change of differentiated pressure adjustments within a specific time interval, which can be achieved using slope limiters, amplitude limiters, or smoothing filters.

[0059] This application's solution, based on the closed-loop correction of the thermodynamic response coupling state, introduces a monitoring and linkage control mechanism for the dynamic trend of compaction state, further improving the stability and response accuracy of the lamination process. The system continuously records the thickness change trend of each operating area within a set time window and, combined with the current target pressure value, determines the rate and direction of compaction state change. Subsequently, the system jointly analyzes this dynamic trend with the corresponding coupling deviation parameters to identify any abnormal trends such as response lag, overshoot, or oscillation. Once an anomaly is identified, the system adjusts the response rhythm of differentiated pressure adjustments based on the compaction rate and coupling deviation, limiting the adjustment amplitude or slope per unit time to prevent system instability due to excessively fast or slow control. By introducing the thickness change trend into the control closed loop, fine-grained control of the pressure adjustment rhythm is achieved, effectively suppressing undesirable fluctuations in the dynamic process, thereby improving the stability and adaptability of target pressure value updates and significantly enhancing lamination consistency and control robustness.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: To achieve precise control over the compaction dynamic trend during PCB lamination, the system first deploys high-precision displacement sensors or laser thickness gauge arrays in each operating area to collect real-time thickness data at a frequency of once per second or higher. Within a set time window (e.g., 5 seconds), the system performs linear regression or moving average processing on the thickness data of each operating area to calculate the slope of the thickness change trend, which serves as a quantitative indicator of the compaction rate. Combined with the current target pressure value, the system determines the rate and direction of the compaction state change. For example, a negative slope with a large absolute value indicates rapid compaction, near zero indicates stabilization, and a positive slope may indicate material springback. Simultaneously, the system connects to the coupling deviation parameter calculated by the thermodynamic response coupling module. If the thermal energy absorption rate in a certain area is much higher than the mechanical compression work rate and the compaction slope is large, it is determined to be an overshoot trend; if the coupling deviation is small and the thickness change is abnormally slow, it is identified as a response lag. Once an abnormal trend is detected, the system activates a dynamic response rhythm adjustment mechanism: if it is an overshoot trend, the unit time variation of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount in that area is limited (e.g., no more than 0.01 MPa per second); if it is a lag trend, the limit is relaxed to, for example, 0.05 MPa to accelerate the response. The adjustment strategy can be implemented using lookup tables, fuzzy logic, or adaptive PID control. Ultimately, the system updates the target pressure value accordingly and applies it through a multi-zone hydraulic mechanism to achieve stable and precise compaction control in each operating zone.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the method further includes: S230: Determine whether the target pressure value and differential pressure adjustment amount of each operating area exceed the preset physical safety range within any set period; S240: If there is a situation that exceeds the preset physical safety range, determine whether it is a control offset caused by material response instability based on the coupling deviation parameter of the current operating area and the rate of change of the compaction state. S250: If it is a control offset, the upper and lower limits of the target pressure value and the differential pressure adjustment amount in the corresponding operating area are limited according to the preset limit rules, and the adjustment and update operation of the target pressure value in the next cycle is delayed. S260: If it is not a control offset, update the corresponding target pressure value according to the differential pressure adjustment amount.

[0062] In this embodiment, the preset physical safety range refers to the allowable variation range of the target pressure value and the differential pressure adjustment amount set during the lamination process to ensure stable equipment operation and material integrity. Specifically, it can be determined based on the load-bearing capacity of the lamination equipment, the pressure resistance limit of the sheet material, and the process window requirements. The rate of change of compaction state refers to the speed at which the thickness of each operating area changes per unit time, which can be obtained by using the time derivative or differential calculation of real-time thickness data. Control offset refers to the nonlinear or unpredictable response of the internal material properties of the sheet material under specific pressure or temperature conditions caused by material response instability, resulting in a continuous or aggravated deviation between the actual compaction state and the expected control target. It can be identified by a comprehensive analysis of the coupling deviation parameters and the rate of change of compaction state. The preset limit rule refers to the parameter adjustment strategy preset by the system for situations that exceed the physical safety range or are identified as control offset. It can be defined by using hard upper and lower limits, soft constraint curves, or logical judgment based on expert experience.

[0063] The delayed adjustment and update operation of the target pressure value in the next cycle refers to the behavior of pausing or postponing the immediate adjustment of the target pressure value after the control offset is identified. It can be achieved by setting a fixed delay time or dynamically evaluating the delay duration.

[0064] This application's solution introduces a safety monitoring and instability identification mechanism based on differentiated pressure control, effectively improving the stability and safety of the lamination process. Within any set cycle, the system continuously monitors the target pressure value and differentiated pressure adjustment amount for each operating area to determine if they exceed the preset physical safety range. If an exceedance is detected, the system does not directly execute a callback, but further combines the coupling deviation parameter and the compaction state change rate of that area for comprehensive analysis. The coupling deviation parameter reflects the degree to which the current region's thermo-coupling state deviates from the ideal working condition, while the compaction state change rate reveals the dynamic trend of the material's compressive response. If it is determined that the control deviation is caused by material response instability, it indicates that the material is in a nonlinear unstable stage, and forced adjustment may exacerbate system fluctuations. Therefore, the system will limit the upper and lower limits of the target pressure value and differentiated pressure adjustment amount for that area according to preset constraint rules to avoid overpressure or runaway, while delaying the adjustment update of the next cycle to give the system buffer time to recover stability. Conversely, if it is determined to be a normal deviation under controllable conditions, the pressure value will continue to be updated according to the adjustment amount. This mechanism not only enhances the ability to intelligently identify and dynamically respond to instability trends, but also introduces rhythm regulation and boundary protection logic into the control link, thereby enhancing the overall robustness and reliability of the system for industrial applications while ensuring control accuracy.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: During PCB lamination, the system monitors the target pressure value and differential pressure adjustment amount of each operating area in real time every 1 millisecond. For example, if the system detects that the target pressure value of operating area A has reached 10 MPa, exceeding the preset physical safety limit of 9.5 MPa, a safety judgment process is triggered. At this time, the system will simultaneously acquire the coupling deviation parameter (e.g., 0.8) and compaction state change rate (e.g., 0.05 mm / s) of area A, and determine that the area is in a material response instability state based on preset rules (e.g., coupling deviation > 0.7 and compaction rate > 0.03 mm / s). To this end, the system applies dual safety control to the area: first, it limits the target pressure value to no more than 9.5 MPa; second, it limits the differential pressure adjustment amount to within ±0.1 MPa. At the same time, to prevent the problem of continuous adjustment exacerbating the instability state, the system sets a 2-millisecond delay, does not immediately update the target pressure value, but maintains the original state to continuously monitor the material response, and resumes control updates after stabilization. Conversely, when the system detects a target pressure of 9.8 MPa in operating area B, which also exceeds the safety threshold, but its coupling deviation is only 0.2 and the compaction state change rate is 0.01 mm / s, it is judged to be a non-instability situation, such as a temporary offset caused by natural changes in material thickness. In this case, the system does not impose restrictions or delay the target pressure value update, but directly corrects the pressure in real time based on the differential pressure adjustment, thereby ensuring the control's response speed and accuracy. This mechanism ensures the introduction of dynamic safety judgment and differential response strategies on the basis of fine control, effectively improving the system's robustness and safety.

[0066] Reference Figure 7 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the method further includes: S270: Based on the differences in thermal energy absorption rate, mechanical compression work rate, and target pressure change rate between adjacent operating areas, determine whether there is a trend of uncoordinated control response between areas; S280: If a trend of uncoordinated control response exists, identify the dominant operating region that causes the uncoordinated control response trend; S290: Adjust the calculation strategy for the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount in the dominant operating region, and adjust the response rhythm of the differential pressure adjustment amount in the operating regions adjacent to the dominant operating region in conjunction with it.

[0067] In this embodiment, the difference in heat absorption rate refers to the difference in the rate at which adjacent operating areas absorb heat per unit time; the difference in mechanical compression work rate refers to the difference in the rate at which adjacent operating areas do work due to deformation under pressure per unit time; and the difference in target pressure value change rate refers to the difference in the rate at which the target pressure value of adjacent operating areas adjusts per unit time. These differences can reflect the relative dynamic changes in thermodynamic response and mechanical behavior of adjacent areas. They can be obtained by real-time monitoring and calculation of the instantaneous or average rate of change of corresponding parameters of adjacent areas, followed by subtraction.

[0068] Control response incoordination trend refers to a state of inconsistency or imbalance between the thermodynamic response, mechanical deformation, or pressure adjustment behavior of adjacent operating areas during lamination. This state may lead to poor local compaction, which can manifest as the rate difference exceeding a preset coordination threshold. The dominant operating area refers to the operating area that contributes the most to or has the most significant impact on the control response incoordination trend when it is detected. It can be determined based on the magnitude and direction of the rate difference between each operating area or historical data analysis.

[0069] Adjusting the calculation strategy for the corresponding differentiated pressure adjustment amount refers to optimizing or modifying the calculation method of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount based on the specific state and uncoordinated trends of the dominant operating area. This may include dynamically adjusting the calculation weights, introducing new correction factors, or switching to different control algorithms. Linking and correcting the response rhythm of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of operating areas adjacent to the dominant operating area means simultaneously considering its impact on adjacent areas when adjusting the pressure strategy of the dominant operating area, and accordingly adjusting the pressure adjustment speed or magnitude of adjacent areas to promote coordination between areas. This may include simultaneously adjusting the pressure adjustment magnitude of adjacent areas, delaying or advancing their pressure response time, or changing their pressure change slope.

[0070] This application effectively solves the problem of uncoordinated control responses between regions during lamination by introducing a monitoring and linkage control mechanism for dynamic response differences between adjacent operating regions. During operation, the system continuously acquires the thermal absorption rate, mechanical compression rate, and target pressure change rate of each operating region, and calculates the difference index between adjacent regions to identify any uncoordinated control response trends. When the difference in these parameters between adjacent regions exceeds a preset coordination threshold, the system determines that an uncoordinated trend exists and further analyzes the dominant operating region that contributes the most to the difference. After identifying the dominant region, the system adjusts the calculation strategy for its differentiated pressure adjustment amount based on the problem characteristics of that region, such as changing its calculation weight or sensitivity coefficient, to make its response more consistent with the expected change trend. Simultaneously, the system also links and corrects the response rhythm of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount in operating regions adjacent to the dominant region, thereby mitigating the chain reaction of offset effects between regions caused by local adjustments. This linkage mechanism not only improves the overall coordination of pressure control but also strengthens the coordination between adjacent regions while maintaining the stability of the regions themselves, preventing the conductive accumulation of over- or under-compaction, and significantly improving the overall uniformity and structural stability during PCB lamination.

[0071] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: During the PCB lamination process, the system is equipped with multiple temperature and pressure sensors, respectively positioned above and below each operating area. Simultaneously, a micro-displacement sensor array is used to collect real-time data on operating temperature, target pressure, and thickness changes. Within each control cycle, the system calculates the unit-time heat absorption rate of each area based on the temperature-time curve change rate, and calculates the mechanical compression work rate based on the target pressure and thickness change rate. Subsequently, the system calculates the difference between the aforementioned two rate parameters and the target pressure change rate between adjacent operating areas, and compares them with a dynamic threshold. If any difference continuously exceeds the threshold, the system determines that there is a trend of uncoordinated control response. After identifying the uncoordinated control response trend, the system further analyzes which operating area is the dominant operating area. Judgment criteria may include: whether the rate change of this operating area is significantly higher than its historical average, or whether the absolute value of its difference with adjacent operating areas is the largest. Once the dominant operating area is determined, the system dynamically adjusts its differential pressure adjustment calculation strategy, such as introducing a damping factor or reducing its calculation weight, thereby slowing down its pressure adjustment speed. Simultaneously, the system will also adjust the response rhythm of adjacent areas to the dominant area using a proportional or lookup table strategy, ensuring that their pressure adjustment speed is consistent with the changes in the dominant area and preventing new inconsistencies from arising. This coordinated correction strategy allows local abnormal responses to be smoothly absorbed without disturbing overall stability, thereby improving the overall stability and consistency of multi-regional collaborative compaction.

[0072] Reference Figure 8Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, step S290 further includes: S291: Based on the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value between the current cycle and the previous cycle in the dominant operating area, the difference in the rate of change of the corresponding compaction state, and the coupling deviation parameter, dynamically adjust the calculation weight of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount. S292: The response rhythm of the differential pressure adjustment amount of the linked correction and the operating area adjacent to the dominant operating area.

[0073] In this embodiment, the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value in the current cycle and the previous cycle of the dominant operating area refers to the difference between the rate of change of the target pressure value in the current time cycle and the rate of change of the target pressure value in the previous time cycle. This difference reflects the trend of the target pressure value changing over time and can help the system determine the aggressiveness or conservatism of the current pressure adjustment. It can be achieved by calculating the ratio of the change in the target pressure value to the time interval in two consecutive time cycles, and then obtaining the difference between these two ratios. The difference in the rate of change of the compaction state in the current cycle and the previous cycle of the dominant operating area refers to the difference between the rate of change of the compaction state in the current time cycle and the rate of change of the compaction state in the previous time cycle. The rate of change of the compaction state reflects the deformation rate of the material and is closely related to the pressure adjustment. It can be achieved by calculating the thickness change per unit time using thickness change data obtained through a real-time thickness sensor and comparing it with the data from the previous cycle. The coupling deviation parameter between the current cycle and the previous cycle in the dominant operating region refers to the deviation between the thermodynamic response coupling state of the dominant operating region and the preset reference coupling behavior relationship. This parameter quantifies whether the current pressure adjustment deviates from the expected material response mode, such as the balance between resin flow and compaction. It can be achieved by comparing the combination point of the real-time measured thermal energy absorption rate and mechanical compression work rate with the pre-established reference coupling behavior curve or region, and calculating the magnitude of its deviation distance or direction. The calculation weight of dynamically adjusting the differentiated pressure adjustment amount refers to adjusting the importance or influence coefficient used to calculate the differentiated pressure adjustment amount in real time based on multiple real-time monitored input parameters, such as the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value, the difference in the rate of change of the compaction state, and the coupling deviation parameter. This can be achieved by using fuzzy logic, adaptive PID control algorithms, or machine learning models, updating the weight coefficients in real time according to the changing trend and magnitude of the input parameters.

[0074] This application's solution optimizes the calculation strategy for differentiated pressure adjustment by introducing a detailed consideration of the dynamic response characteristics of the dominant operating region, thereby enhancing the ability to accurately intervene in local abnormal areas during complex PCB lamination processes. In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows: When the system identifies an operating region as the dominant operating region, the system performs a detailed optimization of its differentiated pressure adjustment calculation strategy. First, the system continuously records the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value of the dominant operating region between the current cycle and the previous cycle, reflecting the trend of pressure adjustment speed in that region. Simultaneously, the system obtains the rate difference in the rate of change of the compaction state of the dominant operating region in two consecutive cycles through a thickness measurement sensor to determine whether there is overshoot or lag in the compaction dynamic response. In addition, the system compares the combination of the thermal energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate of the dominant operating region in the current cycle with the reference coupling behavior relationship to obtain the coupling deviation parameter, which characterizes the degree of deviation of the material's thermal response in that region. Based on the above three dynamic parameters, the control module adopts an adaptive weighting mechanism to dynamically adjust the calculation weight of the differentiated pressure adjustment. Specifically, the system sets an initial calculation weight W0 and constructs a correction factor function based on the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value, the difference in the rate of change of the compaction state, and the coupling deviation parameter. For example, when the target pressure adjustment rate is abnormally drastic or the coupling deviation is significantly positive, the system will reduce the calculation weight to slow down the adjustment pace and prevent compaction overshoot; if the compaction response is slow and the coupling deviation is negative, the weight will be increased accordingly to enhance the adjustment response. The final differentiated pressure adjustment amount is obtained by multiplying the basic adjustment amount by the updated calculation weight, ensuring that the pressure adjustment is both accurate and stable, effectively avoiding material instability and control overshoot.

[0075] Reference Figure 9 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, the method further includes: S300: Records the distribution trajectory of target pressure values ​​in each operating area within multiple consecutive time windows; S310: Determine whether there is an overall offset trend or an uneven spatial distribution trend in the target pressure value distribution trajectory; S320: If there is an overall offset trend, the offset correction amount is calculated based on the center offset trend of the target pressure value distribution trajectory in multiple consecutive time windows, and the benchmark value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of each operating area is synchronously adjusted in subsequent cycles according to the offset correction amount. S330: If there is a trend of uneven spatial distribution, identify the operating area where the gradient of the target pressure value change exceeds the preset threshold, and limit the change of the differential pressure adjustment amount in the operating area within a unit of time.

[0076] In this embodiment, the target pressure value distribution trajectory refers to the sequence or curve of the actual or expected pressure values ​​applied at different time points in each operating area during the lamination process. This can be achieved by real-time data acquisition by sensors and time-series storage, or by recording pressure setpoints within the control system. The overall offset trend refers to a systematic, unidirectional deviation of the target pressure values ​​in all or most operating areas from their expected or ideal pressure levels over a period of time, such as being generally higher or lower. This can be determined by calculating the change in the average or median pressure of each area over time. The spatial uneven distribution trend refers to significant, unexpected differences or gradients in the target pressure values ​​between different operating areas at the same time point or within the same time window. This can be determined by comparing the pressure differences between adjacent areas or calculating the pressure variance between areas. The center offset trend refers to the continuous, directional movement of the statistical center (e.g., average or median) of the target pressure value distribution trajectory over multiple consecutive time windows. This can be obtained by processing historical pressure data using linear regression analysis or moving average methods. Offset correction refers to the correction value calculated based on the center offset trend to offset the overall pressure offset. It can be calculated using a PID control algorithm or an adaptive control algorithm. The reference value for differentiated pressure adjustment refers to the initial or reference pressure value used when calculating the differentiated pressure adjustment for each operating area. It can be an initial value obtained by optimizing preset process parameters or historical data. The target pressure value change gradient refers to the rate of change of target pressure values ​​between adjacent operating areas in space, or the rate of change of target pressure values ​​in a certain operating area per unit time in time. It can be obtained by calculating the ratio of pressure difference to distance between adjacent areas, or by calculating the pressure change per unit time.

[0077] This application's solution effectively addresses the issues of overall pressure deviation and uneven spatial distribution that may still occur even with fine-grained regional pressure control by introducing a global monitoring and correction mechanism for the lamination process. Specifically, the system records the target pressure value distribution trajectory of each operating area within multiple consecutive time windows, analyzes its center-of-gravity changes, and determines whether there is an overall deviation trend. If so, based on the center-of-gravity deviation trend of the target pressure value distribution trajectory within multiple consecutive time windows, the system calculates the deviation correction amount and synchronously adjusts the benchmark values ​​of the differentiated pressure adjustment amounts for each operating area in subsequent cycles, thereby achieving unified correction of the overall pressure level. Simultaneously, if an uneven spatial distribution trend exists, the system identifies operating areas where the target pressure value change gradient exceeds a preset threshold and limits the variation amplitude of their differentiated pressure adjustment amounts per unit time, suppressing local oscillations or response overshoot. This mechanism, superimposed on the regional difference control strategy, improves the overall stability and uniformity of pressure distribution during the PCB lamination process.

[0078] In one specific implementation, this application is carried out as follows: In a PCB lamination device, the system can be configured with pressure sensors for collecting target pressure values ​​of each operating area. The sensors are evenly distributed in the corresponding areas of the upper or lower pressure plate. The acquisition frequency can be set to several times per second to ensure time resolution. The data processing module in the control system performs statistical processing on the target pressure values ​​of each operating area within a continuous 10-second time window to form a target pressure value distribution trajectory. This trajectory includes characteristic quantities such as the average value and trend of change of each operating area within the window. Subsequently, the trend analysis module performs analysis on the target pressure value distribution trajectory to determine whether there is an overall offset trend. The specific method is as follows: calculate the average value of the target pressure values ​​of all operating areas within each time window, and compare the current average value with the historical window average value; if the average value of multiple consecutive windows deviates from the preset expected value range (such as ±1%), a judgment is triggered. If an offset trend is determined to exist, the offset correction calculation module calculates the offset correction amount based on the historical trajectory change trend (such as through curve fitting), for example, -0.5MPa. This offset correction amount will be applied to the benchmark value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of all operating areas to synchronously correct the pressure baseline of the next cycle. Simultaneously, the system also determines whether there is a spatial unevenness trend based on the target pressure value distribution trajectory. The method is as follows: calculate the gradient of target pressure value change between any two adjacent operating areas. If this gradient exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 0.2 MPa), an unevenness trend is identified in the corresponding area. At this point, the amplitude limiting module in the system will limit the change in differential pressure adjustment amount in the corresponding operating area per unit time, for example, limiting the maximum change per second to 0.05 MPa, to mitigate sudden changes in pressure differences between areas, thereby maintaining the stability and overall uniformity of pressure distribution.

[0079] Reference Figure 10 Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, a PCB lamination parameter control system is further proposed, the system comprising: Command input module 1 is used to receive global pressure adjustment commands, which represent the operator's intention to intervene in the overall compaction state of the plate. Temperature acquisition module 2 is used to acquire real-time temperature data of the board to be laminated and construct a surface temperature distribution map of the board to be laminated. The operation area identification module 3 is used to analyze the surface temperature distribution map, identify the temperature response differences in different areas based on the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and combine the temperature response differences with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated to divide the operation areas of the board to be laminated with different thermal response properties. Pressure adjustment module 4 is used to obtain the area weight and response deviation coefficient of each operating area based on the thermal response attributes of each operating area and the global pressure adjustment command, perform differential decomposition of the global pressure adjustment command, calculate the differential pressure adjustment amount of multiple operating areas, and the multiple differential pressure adjustment amounts are macroscopically equivalent to the global pressure adjustment command after weighting. Control module 5 is used to map the differentiated pressure adjustment amount to the multi-zone hydraulic actuator in the laminating equipment, and control the output of each operating zone to match the target pressure value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount.

[0080] The operation area identification module is a functional unit used to analyze and process input data to determine the characteristics of different areas inside the laminate. It can be implemented by a software module based on image processing algorithms or a hardware circuit integrating specific sensors.

[0081] The command input module can utilize an industrial-grade HMI with a touchscreen and physical buttons. Operators can input global pressure adjustment commands via a slider or numeric input box, such as setting a pressure increment of +0.3 MPa. The temperature acquisition module employs a high-precision infrared thermal imager array to collect real-time temperature data of the surface of the laminated material, transmitting it to the image processing unit to generate a surface temperature distribution map. The operation area recognition module receives this image and, combined with a pre-set material database (containing the thermophysical properties of different materials), uses an image segmentation algorithm to identify and divide operation areas with different thermal response properties, such as high copper density areas and resin overflow sensitive areas. After recognition, the system enters the pressure adjustment module's calculation stage. This module uses an adaptive algorithm to combine the area weight and response deviation coefficient of each operation area, decomposing the global pressure adjustment command into specific differentiated pressure adjustment amounts. The response deviation coefficient can be dynamically adjusted according to the regional thermal response speed; for example, for areas with rapid thermal response, the differentiated pressure adjustment amount can be appropriately reduced to avoid overshoot. Finally, the control module converts the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of each operating area into a control signal and outputs it to the corresponding multi-zone hydraulic actuator, such as the hydraulic cylinder array distributed under the pressure plate, to achieve independent pressure control of each operating area. This ensures that the pressure adjustment responds to global commands while also conforming to the regional attributes, achieving differentiated and precise pressure application.

[0082] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling PCB lamination parameters, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive a global pressure adjustment command, which represents the operator's intention to intervene macroscopically in the overall compaction state of the plate. Obtain real-time temperature data of the board material to be laminated, and construct a surface temperature distribution map of the board material to be laminated; Analyze the surface temperature distribution map, identify the temperature response differences in different regions based on the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and combine the temperature response differences with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated to divide the operating areas of the board to be laminated with different thermal response properties. Based on the thermal response attributes of each operating region and the global pressure adjustment command, the region area weight and response deviation coefficient are obtained. The global pressure adjustment command is decomposed differentially, and the differential pressure adjustment amounts of multiple operating regions are calculated. After weighting, the multiple differential pressure adjustment amounts are macroscopically equivalent to the global pressure adjustment command. The differentiated pressure adjustment amount is mapped to the multi-zone hydraulic actuator in the laminating equipment, and the output of each operating zone is controlled to match the target pressure value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount.

2. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Collect real-time thickness change data for each of the aforementioned operating areas; By comparing the real-time thickness change data with the preset target compaction profile, the lamination deviation between the actual compaction state of each operation area and the target compaction state corresponding to the target compaction profile is determined. If the lamination deviation exceeds the allowable threshold, the differentiated pressure adjustment amount is corrected in real time based on the lamination deviation, the deviation change trend, and the pressure response sensitivity of each operating area, and the target pressure value applied to each operating area is updated.

3. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire real-time operating temperature data and operating thickness change data of each operating area during the pressurization process; Based on the operating temperature data, calculate the heat energy absorption rate per unit time for each of the operating regions; Based on the operating thickness variation data and the target pressure value of each operating area, calculate the mechanical compression work rate per unit time of each operating area. By performing correlation analysis between the thermal energy absorption rate per unit time and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time, the material rheological properties of each operating region are identified, and the thermo-mechanical response coupling state of each operating region is obtained. Based on the thermodynamic response coupling state of each operating region, the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount is corrected, and the corresponding target pressure value is updated based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment amount.

4. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the operating temperature data and target pressure value of each operating area, combined with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated and the preset curing stage information, a reference coupling behavior relationship between the heat energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate is dynamically constructed. The combination of the thermal energy absorption rate and the mechanical compression work rate per unit time of each operating region is compared with the reference coupling behavior in real time to obtain the coupling deviation parameter of each operating region. Determine whether the current thermodynamic response coupling state of each of the aforementioned operating regions deviates from the reference coupling behavior relationship, and determine the degree and direction of deviation; Based on the degree and direction of deviation, the corresponding differential pressure adjustment amount is corrected, and the corresponding target pressure value is updated based on the corrected differential pressure adjustment amount.

5. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Continuously record the thickness change trend of each operation area within a set time window; Based on the thickness change trend and the current target pressure value, determine the rate and direction of change in the compaction state of each operating area; By combining the coupling deviation parameters of each of the aforementioned operating areas, it is possible to identify whether there are any abnormal trends such as response lag, overshoot, or oscillation in the current compaction state change. If the abnormal trend exists, adjust the response rhythm of the differential pressure adjustment amount according to the rate of change of the compaction state and the coupling deviation parameter, and limit the adjustment range or slope of the differential pressure adjustment amount per unit time. The target pressure value is updated based on the adjusted differential pressure adjustment amount.

6. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine whether the target pressure value and the differential pressure adjustment amount of each operating area exceed the preset physical safety range within any set period; If there is a situation that exceeds the preset physical safety range, it is determined whether the control offset is caused by material response instability based on the coupling deviation parameter of the current operating area and the rate of change of the compaction state. If it belongs to the control offset, the upper and lower limits of the target pressure value and the differential pressure adjustment amount corresponding to the operation area are limited according to the preset restriction rules, and the adjustment and update operation of the target pressure value in the next cycle is delayed; If it does not belong to the control offset, update the corresponding target pressure value according to the differentiated pressure adjustment amount.

7. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the differences in thermal energy absorption rate, mechanical compression work rate, and target pressure change rate between adjacent operating areas, it is determined whether there is a trend of uncoordinated control response between areas. If the control response inconsistency trend exists, then identify the dominant operating region that causes the control response inconsistency trend; The calculation strategy for the corresponding differentiated pressure adjustment amount is adjusted in the dominant operating area, and the response rhythm of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount in the operating areas adjacent to the dominant operating area is also modified accordingly.

8. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation strategy for adjusting the corresponding differentiated pressure adjustment amount in the dominant operating region includes: Based on the difference in the rate of change of the target pressure value between the current cycle and the previous cycle in the dominant operating region, the difference in the rate of change of the corresponding compaction state, and the coupling deviation parameter, the calculation weight of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount is dynamically adjusted.

9. The PCB lamination parameter control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Within multiple consecutive time windows, the distribution trajectory of the target pressure value corresponding to each of the aforementioned operating areas is recorded; Determine whether there is an overall shift trend or a spatially uneven distribution trend in the target pressure value distribution trajectory; If the overall offset trend exists, the offset correction amount is calculated based on the center offset trend of the target pressure value distribution trajectory in multiple consecutive time windows, and the benchmark value of the differentiated pressure adjustment amount of each operating area is synchronously adjusted in subsequent cycles according to the offset correction amount. If the uneven spatial distribution trend exists, the operating area where the gradient of the target pressure value change exceeds a preset threshold is identified, and the variation of the differential pressure adjustment amount in the operating area is limited within a unit of time.

10. A PCB lamination parameter control system, characterized in that, The system includes: The instruction input module is used to receive global pressure adjustment instructions, which represent the operator's intention to intervene in the overall compaction state of the plate. The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire real-time temperature data of the board to be laminated and construct a surface temperature distribution map of the board to be laminated. The operation area identification module is used to analyze the surface temperature distribution map, identify the temperature response differences in different areas based on the temperature rise rate or temperature gradient, and combine the temperature response differences with the material thermophysical parameters of the board to be laminated to divide the operation areas of the board to be laminated with different thermal response properties. The pressure adjustment module is used to obtain the area weight and response deviation coefficient of each operating area according to the thermal response attributes of each operating area and the global pressure adjustment command, perform differential decomposition on the global pressure adjustment command, calculate the differential pressure adjustment amount of multiple operating areas, and the multiple differential pressure adjustment amounts are macroscopically equivalent to the global pressure adjustment command after weighting. The control module is used to map the differentiated pressure adjustment amount to the multi-zone hydraulic actuator in the laminating equipment, and control each of the operating zones to output a target pressure value that matches the differentiated pressure adjustment amount.

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