Energy-saving building virtual simulation method and system based on digital twinning

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of virtual simulation data processing, in particular to an energy-saving building virtual simulation method and system based on digital twinning, according to the current building environment, the referenceability of the equipment operation parameters in the past environment scene is analyzed, the energy-saving situation of the past equipment operation parameters in the current environment is further analyzed, the possibility that the parameter group is the most energy-saving is obtained, then according to the past equipment operation parameters, the most energy-saving possibility corresponding to the past equipment operation parameters is combined, the possible energy-saving parameter interval is screened out, the discretization value density of the simulation parameters in the possible energy-saving parameter interval is obtained combined with the possibility that the parameter group corresponding to each parameter interval is the most energy-saving, and then the simulation parameter group is obtained, simulation is carried out according to the simulation parameter group, and the optimal equipment operation parameter group is obtained. The present application can more accurately simulate the most energy-saving equipment operation parameter combination, and can also avoid the possibility of local optimal solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of virtual simulation data processing technology, specifically to a method and system for energy-saving building virtual simulation based on digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] In the past, to achieve energy conservation throughout the entire building lifecycle, energy-efficient design and operation relied on Building Information Modeling (BIM) and building energy simulation. However, these methods could not reflect the dynamic changes of a building in real time during its actual operation. Digital twin technology, by constructing a virtual model that is synchronized with the building in real time, makes it possible to perform more accurate simulations and predictions in virtual space. Digital twin technology uses numerous IoT sensors installed in the building to sense the building environment and equipment operating status data, updates the building's virtual model accordingly, simulates building energy consumption scenarios based on physical laws, and then applies genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and other algorithms to find the optimal operating parameters with the lowest energy consumption.

[0003] Finding the optimal operating parameters for buildings with relatively low energy consumption requires combining the operating parameters of numerous devices to obtain many possible combinations. These combinations are then simulated and tested in a virtual environment to evaluate the energy consumption, comfort, and other indicators of the corresponding strategies. Since the operating parameters of each device span a long continuous range, fully simulating them would consume a significant amount of resources. Therefore, the operating parameters of the numerous devices within the building are often discretized, and a limited number of parameters are selected and combined evenly. While this allows for a quick completion of the entire simulation and the selection of relatively optimal operating parameters, the selected parameters represent some local optima, making it difficult to identify the most energy-efficient operating parameters for the building's equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for virtual simulation of energy-saving buildings based on digital twins.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for virtual simulation of energy-saving buildings based on digital twins is provided, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] Collect environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters of the building;

[0007] Based on the environmental parameters, the environmental reference between past and current time periods is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period. The PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference time period is then obtained, and the reference weight for each environmental reference time period is obtained.

[0008] Based on the equipment operating parameters during the environmental reference period and combined with the reference weights, the basic energy consumption of each device during the current period is obtained.

[0009] By analyzing the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current period and the actual energy consumption of the equipment in the past period, and combining the PPD index, the comfort and energy-saving index of the equipment operating parameters of each equipment at each moment in the past period is obtained, and then the possible energy-saving parameter range of each equipment is obtained.

[0010] By setting a basic value density and combining it with the comfort and energy-saving index, the discrete value density of each possible energy-saving parameter interval for each device is obtained. Then, the corresponding simulation parameters are extracted from the possible energy-saving parameter interval to obtain the simulation parameter set.

[0011] Based on the simulation parameter set and the environmental parameters, the building is simulated in real time to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the environmental parameters, the environmental reference time between past time periods and the current time period is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period, including:

[0013] Based on the environmental parameters, the similarity between environmental parameters in the past time period and environmental parameters in the current time period is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference between the past time period and the current time period;

[0014] A preset reference threshold is used to mark past time periods corresponding to environmental reference values ​​greater than or equal to the reference threshold as environmental reference time periods for the current time period.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the reference weight for each environmental reference time period includes:

[0016] Based on the environmental parameters, the PPD index at each moment within each environmental reference period is obtained using the PMV equation.

[0017] By combining the environmental reference and the PPD index, the reference weight for each environmental reference period is obtained.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the basic energy consumption of each device in the current time period is obtained based on the device operating parameters during an environmental reference period and in combination with the reference weight, including:

[0019] Based on the energy consumption data of the device's operating parameters at each moment during the environmental reference period, the average energy consumption of each device during the environmental reference period is obtained.

[0020] The reference weight of each environmental reference period is used as the weight of the average energy consumption of the corresponding environmental reference period to obtain the basic energy consumption of each device in the current period.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining the possible energy-saving parameter range for each device includes:

[0022] A preset threshold is set, and the equipment operating parameters corresponding to the comfort and energy-saving index being greater than or equal to the threshold are recorded as possible energy-saving values;

[0023] Using the potential energy-saving value as the center point, the average length between all adjacent potential energy-saving values ​​is taken as the neighborhood length. Several energy-saving neighborhoods are constructed and denoted as the potential energy-saving parameter intervals for each device.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, corresponding simulation parameters are extracted from a possible energy-saving parameter range to obtain a set of simulation parameters, including:

[0025] Based on the discretized value density, the corresponding simulation parameters are extracted from the possible energy-saving parameter range to obtain the simulation parameter values ​​for different types of parameters of each device.

[0026] By freely combining the simulated parameter values ​​corresponding to the various operating parameters of different devices, the parameter groups corresponding to the operating parameters of each device in the building are obtained, and are denoted as the simulated parameter groups.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the simulation parameter set and combined with the environmental parameters, a building is simulated in real time to obtain an optimal set of equipment operating parameters, including:

[0028] Based on the environmental parameters and the building's physical parameters, a real-time model of the building is constructed.

[0029] In the real-time model, the simulation parameter set is input to perform virtual simulation of the building and obtain index parameters;

[0030] Based on the aforementioned index parameters, the NSGA-II algorithm is used to obtain a preliminary optimal solution set for the equipment operating parameters;

[0031] Based on the preliminary optimal solution set, the building is further subjected to virtual simulation iteration, with preset iteration stopping conditions, to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity data, CO2 concentration data, and illuminance data; the equipment operating parameters include energy consumption data and equipment operating status data; and the physical parameters include geometric data, material property data, and airtightness data.

[0033] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an energy-saving building virtual simulation system based on digital twins is provided, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein:

[0034] The memory is used to store program code;

[0035] The processor is configured to read program code stored in the memory and execute the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the processor includes:

[0037] The data acquisition module is used to collect environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters of the building;

[0038] The module for obtaining the possible energy-saving parameter range is used to first analyze the environmental reference between past and current periods based on the environmental parameters to obtain the environmental reference period for the current period, then obtain the PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference period, and then obtain the reference weight for each environmental reference period; then, based on the equipment operating parameters of the environmental reference period and the reference weight, obtain the basic energy consumption of each device in the current period; finally, analyze the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current period and the actual energy consumption of the corresponding equipment in past periods, and combine the PPD index to obtain the comfort energy-saving index corresponding to the operating parameters of each device in the past periods, and then obtain the possible energy-saving parameter range for each device.

[0039] The simulation parameter set acquisition module is used to preset the basic value density, combine it with the comfort and energy saving index, obtain the discretized value density of each possible energy saving parameter interval for each device, and then extract the corresponding simulation parameters from the possible energy saving parameter interval to obtain the simulation parameter set.

[0040] The optimal equipment operating parameter set acquisition module is used to perform real-time simulation of the building based on the simulation parameter set and the environmental parameters to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

[0041] Compared with existing technologies, the energy-saving building virtual simulation method and system based on digital twins provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0042] This invention first analyzes the reference value of equipment operating parameters in past environmental scenarios based on the current building environment, then analyzes the energy-saving performance of these past operating parameters in the current environment, determining the probability of the most energy-efficient parameter set (comfort energy-saving index). Next, based on the past equipment operating parameters and their corresponding probability of maximum energy saving (comfort energy-saving index), possible energy-saving parameter ranges are selected. Combining the probability of each parameter range being the most energy-efficient parameter set (comfort energy-saving index), a discretized value density of simulation parameters is obtained within the possible energy-saving parameter ranges. Simulation parameter values ​​are then extracted from these ranges and freely combined to obtain a simulation parameter set. Finally, simulation is performed using this parameter set to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set. Thus, this invention more accurately simulates the most energy-efficient parameters, while also avoiding the possibility of local optima. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the basic process of a digital twin-based energy-saving building virtual simulation method provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the basic components of an energy-saving building virtual simulation system based on digital twins, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the energy-saving building virtual simulation method and system based on digital twins proposed by the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a circuit structure, article, or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the article or device that includes the element.

[0048] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a specific scheme for an energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins provided by this invention.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 This illustrates the basic process of a digital twin-based energy-saving building virtual simulation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for virtual simulation of energy-saving buildings based on digital twins, specifically including:

[0051] S100: Collects environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters of the building.

[0052] Environmental and equipment operating parameters of the building were collected. Specifically, experts were invited to assess the building, and key locations were selected. Various Internet of Things (IoT) sensors were installed at these key locations to monitor the building's physical state, i.e., environmental parameters, in real time. These IoT sensors included temperature and humidity sensors, CO2 sensors, and illuminance meters, and the corresponding environmental parameters obtained included temperature and humidity data, CO2 concentration data, and illuminance data. Simultaneously, the building's automatic control system and various smart devices were used to read the operating parameters of each device in the building. These operating parameters included energy consumption data and equipment operating status data. The data collection methods for some of these operating parameters are shown in Table 1. Furthermore, relevant physical parameters of the building body and envelope were collected using structural design and construction drawings and materials. These physical parameters included geometric data, material property data, and airtightness data, the specific content and uses of which are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 1

[0054]

[0055] Table 2

[0056]

[0057] The data collection frequency for all the above-mentioned data types is preset to 6 times / min. After the relevant data is collected, outliers are removed using the LOF (Local Outlier Factor) outlier detection algorithm.

[0058] This provides a data foundation for subsequent modeling and simulation, as the building's environmental parameters, equipment operating parameters, and physical parameters are obtained.

[0059] When using digital twins to virtually simulate the energy efficiency of a target building, it is necessary to simulate the building and its internal equipment under various operating conditions based on the actual building environment. However, there are many types of equipment in a building, and the adjustable range of operating parameters for each type of equipment is also quite large. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine the most energy-efficient parameter values ​​that the equipment may have during operation based on the environmental conditions, then combine these parameter values ​​to form parameter sets, and then use these sets to simulate the specific building energy consumption and other conditions. Finally, the optimal equipment operating parameter set is selected based on the simulation results. This specifically includes steps S200 to S600.

[0060] S200: Based on environmental parameters, analyze the environmental reference between past and current time periods to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period. Continue to obtain the PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference time period, and then obtain the reference weight for each environmental reference time period.

[0061] In a building, the operation of various devices is influenced by users, thus altering their operating status. However, user experience changes over time and with variations in the external environment. When the external environment remains largely consistent, user experience is similar, leading to similar demands on various indoor devices and consequently, similar operating parameters for all devices within the building. Therefore, analyzing device operating parameters under past environmental conditions can provide a reference for assessing energy efficiency under current environmental conditions.

[0062] Based on the above analysis, in an embodiment of the present invention, based on environmental parameters, the environmental reference time between past and current time periods is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period. Further steps include:

[0063] First, based on environmental parameters, the similarity between environmental parameters in past and current periods is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference value between past and current periods. Specifically, taking the first... Taking a past time period as an example, where the duration of the past time period is 1 hour, the corresponding duration of the current time period is also 1 hour. [The text then abruptly shifts to a different topic:] ...to obtain the... The first in the past period The environmental parameter sequence corresponding to the environmental parameter is denoted as . At the same time, obtain the current time period. The Middle The environmental parameter sequence corresponding to the environmental parameter is denoted as . ; Calculate the environmental parameter sequence With environmental parameter sequence The DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) similarity refers to the environmental parameter sequence calculated using the DTW algorithm. With environmental parameter sequence The negative correlation normalized value of the DTW distance, such as the normalized value of the inverse of the DTW distance, i.e. ,in Represents a sequence of environmental parameters With environmental parameter sequence DTW similarity Represents a sequence of environmental parameters With environmental parameter sequence DTW distance, Represents the linear normalization function; then iterates through the 1st... The total number of environmental parameter types monitored in each past time period is used to calculate the average similarity. This constructs the first... Past time period and current time period The environmental reference calculation formula is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, Indicates the first Past time period and current time period Environmental reference between them; Indicates the first The first in the past period A sequence of environmental parameters corresponding to a certain type of environmental parameter; Indicates the current time period The Middle A sequence of environmental parameters corresponding to a certain type of environmental parameter; Represents a sequence of environmental parameters With environmental parameter sequence DTW similarity; Indicates the first The total number of environmental parameters monitored in the past period.

[0066] The larger the value, the more similar the corresponding environmental parameters are between the two time periods. In other words, the more similar the past time period is to the current building environment, the greater the environmental reference between the past time period and the current time period. This means that the equipment operating parameters under the environmental parameters of the past time period have a greater reference value for the energy saving of the equipment operating parameters under the environmental parameters of the current time period.

[0067] Similarly, we can obtain environmental references between many past time periods and the current time period.

[0068] Then, a preset reference threshold is set, which can be 0.7; if the environmental reference between the past time period and the current time period is greater than or equal to the reference threshold of 0.7, that is... If the environment of the past period is basically similar to that of the current period, then the past period corresponding to the environmental reference value being greater than or equal to the reference value threshold is marked as the environmental reference period of the current period, thus obtaining multiple environmental reference periods of the current period, which are the reference scenes corresponding to the current building scene.

[0069] Although the external environment is nearly uniform in the reference scenario (the environmental parameters of the current time period), making users' needs for various things basically the same, and the operation of various equipment in the building tends to be uniform under the influence of users, the reference scenario is located in different time periods, and users' needs for the environment are different at different times. That is, users' comfort needs for the environment are different at different times. Therefore, based on the comfort needs for the environment and the similarity between the environmental parameters corresponding to each environmental reference time period and the environmental parameters corresponding to the current time period, the reference weight of each environmental reference time period scene to the current time period scene can be derived.

[0070] Based on the above analysis, in the embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining multiple environmental reference time periods for the current time period, the PPD index (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) for each moment within each environmental reference time period is further obtained. Combined with environmental references, the reference weight for each environmental reference time period is then obtained. Specifically, based on environmental parameters, the PPD index for each moment within each environmental reference time period is obtained using the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) equation, i.e., through the first... Environmental parameters (e.g., air temperature, air humidity) monitored within the building at each time point within a given environmental reference period are used. Combined with the PMV / PPD calculation formula (a known technique, such as the PMV equation), the PPD index for the corresponding time point within the environmental reference period is calculated. Then, by combining the environmental reference value and the PPD index, the reference weight for each environmental reference period is obtained. This constructs the first... An environmental reference period for the current period The formula for calculating the reference weight is:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, Indicates the first An environmental reference period for the current period Reference weights; Indicates the first Within the environmental reference period, the first The PPD index at each moment; Indicates the first Environmental reference period and current period Environmental reference between them; Indicates the first The total number of moments included in each environmental reference period; Represented by natural constant An exponential function with base 0; This indicates taking the absolute value.

[0073] This value is used to characterize a user's satisfaction with the indoor environment at a given time. The higher the value, the better the corresponding satisfaction level. An environmental reference period for the current period The greater the reference weight; The larger the value, the more significant the effect. Environmental reference period and current period The greater the environmental reference between them, the more it indicates that the first An environmental reference period for the current period The greater the reference weight, the better.

[0074] S300: Based on the equipment operating parameters during the environmental reference period and combined with the reference weight, the basic energy consumption of each device in the current period is obtained.

[0075] For energy-efficient buildings, when the external environment is basically the same, the equipment inside the building will also be in the same operating condition. Therefore, based on the building's energy consumption during the past environmental reference period, the basic energy consumption of the building in the current environment can be determined.

[0076] Based on the above analysis, in some embodiments of the present invention, the basic energy consumption of each device in the current time period is obtained according to the device operating parameters of the environmental reference period and in combination with reference weights. Specifically, firstly, the average energy consumption of each device in the environmental reference period is obtained based on the energy consumption data of the device operating parameters corresponding to each moment in the environmental reference period; then, the reference weight of each environmental reference period is used as the weight of the average energy consumption of the corresponding environmental reference period to obtain the basic energy consumption of each device in the current time period. Constructing the current time period... Lower device The basic energy consumption calculation formula is:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, Indicates the current time period Lower device Basic energy consumption; Indicates equipment In the The average energy consumption at each moment within a specific environmental reference period; Indicates the first An environmental reference period for the current period Reference weights; Current period The total number of corresponding environmental reference time periods.

[0079] equipment In the Average energy consumption at each time point within a given environmental reference period The larger, and the first An environmental reference period for the current period The higher the reference weight across all environmental reference periods, the better for the current reference period. Lower device The greater the basic energy consumption, the higher the energy consumption.

[0080] Similarly, the basic energy consumption of various devices in the building under the environmental conditions of the current time period can be obtained.

[0081] S400: Analyze the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current period and the actual energy consumption of the equipment in the past period. Combined with the PPD index, obtain the comfort and energy saving index of the equipment operating parameters of each equipment at each moment in the past period, and then obtain the possible energy saving parameter range of each equipment.

[0082] When the user's comfort level remains basically unchanged under the same environmental conditions, the lower the energy consumption of the device, the more likely the device's operating parameters at that time are the most energy-efficient parameters under that environment, and also the more comfortable operating parameters. Therefore, based on the comfort level and the reduction in device energy consumption at each time, a comfort and energy-saving index for the parameters at that time can be constructed.

[0083] Based on the above analysis, in the embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current time period and the actual energy consumption of the equipment in the corresponding past time periods is analyzed. Combined with the PPD index, the comfort and energy-saving index of the equipment operating parameters corresponding to each device at each moment in the past time period is obtained. Specifically, in the current time period... Lower device For example, calculate the current time period. Lower device Basic energy consumption and equipment In the The first environmental reference period The relative difference in actual energy consumption at time t, combined with the t... The first environmental reference period The PPD index at each time point, constructing the device In the The first environmental reference period The formula for calculating the comfort and energy-saving index of the equipment operating parameters at a given time is:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, Indicates device In the The first environmental reference period Comfort and energy-saving indicators of equipment operating parameters at each time point; Indicates the current time period Lower device Basic energy consumption; Indicates device In the The first environmental reference period The actual energy consumption at any given moment; Indicates the first The first environmental reference period The PPD index corresponding to each time point; Represented by natural constant An exponential function with base 0; This indicates taking the absolute value.

[0086] Indicates the current time period Lower device Basic energy consumption and equipment In the The first environmental reference period The relative difference in actual energy consumption at each moment; the larger this value, the better the equipment... In the The first environmental reference period The smaller the actual energy consumption at a given moment, the more likely the equipment's operating parameters at that moment are the most energy-efficient values ​​under that environment. This value is used to characterize the user's satisfaction with the indoor environment at a given time. The larger the value, the more comfortable the device's operating parameters are in that environment at that time.

[0087] Similarly, we can obtain the comfort and energy-saving index corresponding to the operating parameters of all other equipment. The larger the comfort and energy-saving index, the more likely the equipment operating parameters are to save energy at that moment while ensuring the current comfort level under the current environment.

[0088] When users are inside a building, they adjust the operating parameters of various devices according to changes in the external environment to better suit their needs. During this process, the devices undergo numerous parameter adjustments, some of which may increase energy consumption, while others may increase energy efficiency. Therefore, based on past energy-saving performance under similar conditions, the most energy-efficient parameter range can be preliminarily determined. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, the possible energy-saving parameter range for each device is obtained based on the comfort and energy-saving index of its operating parameters. Specifically, a preset index threshold (which can be 0.2) is first established, and the operating parameters of devices with a comfort and energy-saving index greater than or equal to the index threshold are defined as follows: If the operating parameters of the device show significant energy savings during operation, they are recorded as potential energy-saving values. Then, using the potential energy-saving value as the center point, the average length between all adjacent potential energy-saving values ​​is used as the neighborhood length to construct several energy-saving neighborhoods, which are recorded as the potential energy-saving parameter intervals of the device.

[0089] Similarly, the possible energy-saving parameter ranges for each operating parameter of each piece of equipment within the building can be obtained. Each possible energy-saving value corresponds to a possible energy-saving parameter range, and also to a comfort energy-saving index.

[0090] S500: Preset basic value density, combined with comfort and energy saving index, to obtain the discretized value density of each possible energy saving parameter range for each device, and then extract the corresponding simulation parameters from the possible energy saving parameter range to obtain the simulation parameter set.

[0091] After obtaining the range of possible energy-saving parameters for the current environment at the current moment, the corresponding parameters can be selected from it. The range of equipment operating parameters that are more likely to be the most energy-saving parameters, that is, the equipment operating parameters with the higher comfort and energy-saving index, is more likely to contain the most energy-saving equipment operating parameters at the current moment. Therefore, it is necessary to perform more intensive simulation on the range of possible energy-saving parameters.

[0092] Based on the above analysis, in the embodiments of the present invention, by pre-setting a basic value density and combining it with comfort and energy-saving indicators, the discrete value density of each possible energy-saving parameter range for each device is obtained. Specifically, taking one type of operating parameter for a device as an example, the basic value density is first preset. That is, uniformly extract 100 simulated parameter values ​​within each possible energy-saving parameter range; then adjust the discretization density of the extracted simulated parameter values ​​within each possible energy-saving parameter range according to the corresponding comfort and energy-saving index. Construct the first... The formula for calculating the discretized value density of the possible energy-saving parameter range is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, Indicates equipment The first of the equipment operating parameters Discretization density of simulated parameter values ​​extracted within a possible range of energy-saving parameters; Indicates the preset basic value density; Indicates equipment In the Comfort and energy-saving indices (equipment) corresponding to each possible range of energy-saving parameters In the (The average of the comfort and energy-saving indices corresponding to the operating parameters of all equipment within a possible range of energy-saving parameters).

[0095] The above-mentioned process of obtaining the range of the most energy-efficient parameter values ​​for a certain operating parameter of a device within a building illustrates the method for obtaining potential energy-saving parameter ranges. However, for a single device, there are many types of operating parameters. For each type of operating parameter, the corresponding potential energy-saving parameter range can be obtained using the method described above. Similarly, the discretized value density of the simulated parameter values ​​extracted from each potential energy-saving parameter range for each type of operating parameter of each device can also be obtained.

[0096] After obtaining the discretized value density of simulated parameter values ​​within each possible energy-saving parameter interval for each type of equipment operating parameter, the corresponding simulated parameters are then extracted from the corresponding possible energy-saving parameter intervals based on the discretized value density, thus obtaining a simulated parameter set. Specifically, firstly, based on the discretized value density, the corresponding simulated parameters are extracted on an average basis from the corresponding possible energy-saving parameter intervals to obtain simulated parameter values ​​for different types of parameters for each equipment. It should be noted that if two possible energy-saving parameter intervals partially overlap, the value density in the overlapping area is determined by the larger discretized value density of the two possible energy-saving parameter intervals. Then, the simulated parameter values ​​corresponding to various equipment operating parameters of different equipment are freely combined (using known techniques) to obtain the parameter set corresponding to the operating parameters of each equipment in the building, denoted as the simulated parameter set.

[0097] At this point, several sets of simulation parameters have been obtained.

[0098] S600: Based on the simulation parameter set and combined with environmental parameters, the building is simulated in real time to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

[0099] Based on the simulation parameter set and combined with environmental parameters, the building is simulated in real time to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set. Further details include:

[0100] First, a real-time model of the building is constructed based on environmental parameters and the building's physical parameters. Specifically, based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, a BIM 3D model of the building is created according to LOD300 (Level of Details 300) and LOD400 (Level of Details 400) standards, using the collected physical parameters (geometric information, material properties, airtightness, etc.). Then, according to the building's interior design documents, corresponding lighting, electrical systems, and other equipment are set up in the BIM 3D model. Simultaneously, various thermal and optical parameters are added to the created model, including wall thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and glass transmittance. This completes the creation of the basic building model. After obtaining the basic building model, real-time environmental parameters collected by IoT sensors are mapped to the BIM 3D model. This involves binding each sensor's unique identifier to the building's components or parameters in the BIM 3D model, updating the model in real-time based on the sensor data. This completes the real-time modeling of the digital twin.

[0101] Then, in the real-time model, simulation parameter sets are input to perform virtual simulation of the building and obtain indicator parameters. Specifically, the corresponding equipment is run according to numerous simulation parameter sets to perform virtual simulation of the building. That is, multiple sets of simulation parameter sets are run in parallel using HPC (High-Performance Computing) clusters for virtual simulation. The energy consumption, comfort, and other aspects of the strategies corresponding to each simulation parameter set are evaluated in the virtual environment, and then the corresponding total energy consumption, PPD index, cost, and other indicator parameters are extracted from the simulation results.

[0102] Then, based on the index parameters, the NSGA-II algorithm (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) is used. That is, the index parameters are input into the core algorithm of NSGA-II (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm + crowding calculation) to obtain the preliminary optimal solution set of equipment operating parameters, that is, the preliminary optimal set of equipment operating parameters under the corresponding environment.

[0103] Finally, based on the preliminary optimal solution set, the building is further simulated iteratively using virtual simulation. An iterative stopping condition is preset to obtain the optimal set of equipment operating parameters. Specifically, further simulations are performed based on the equipment operating parameters in the preliminary optimal solution set, and the above process is repeated iteratively to obtain the optimal set of equipment operating parameters. The preset iterative stopping condition is that the change in parameters such as total energy consumption and PPD index does not exceed 1%. Since the specific implementation process of obtaining the optimal set of equipment operating parameters through real-time simulation of the building based on the simulation parameter set and environmental parameters is existing technology, it will not be elaborated here.

[0104] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, this embodiment also provides an energy-saving building virtual simulation system based on digital twins.

[0105] Please see Figure 2 This illustrates the basic components of a digital twin-based energy-saving building virtual simulation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0106] like Figure 2 As shown, an energy-saving building virtual simulation system based on digital twins includes a memory 10 and a processor 20, wherein:

[0107] Memory 10 is used to store program code;

[0108] The processor 20 is used to read the program code stored in the memory 10 and execute it to collect the building's environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters; based on the environmental parameters, it analyzes the environmental reference between past and current time periods to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period, and continues to obtain the PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference time period, thereby obtaining the reference weight for each environmental reference time period; based on the equipment operating parameters of the environmental reference time period and combined with the reference weight, it obtains the basic energy consumption of each device in the current time period; it analyzes the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current time period and the actual energy consumption of the corresponding equipment in past time periods, and combined with the PPD index, it obtains the comfort energy-saving index of the equipment operating parameters corresponding to each moment in the past time period, thereby obtaining the possible energy-saving parameter range for each device; it presets the basic value density, and combined with the comfort energy-saving index, obtains the discretized value density of each possible energy-saving parameter range for each device, and then extracts the corresponding simulation parameters from the possible energy-saving parameter range to obtain the simulation parameter set; based on the simulation parameter set and combined with the environmental parameters, it performs real-time simulation of the building to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

[0109] Furthermore, the processor 20 includes a data acquisition module 21, a possible energy-saving parameter range acquisition module 22, a simulation parameter set acquisition module 23, and an optimal equipment operating parameter set acquisition module 24. Wherein:

[0110] Data acquisition module 21 is used to collect environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters of the building;

[0111] The module 22 for obtaining the possible energy-saving parameter range is used to first analyze the environmental reference between past and current periods based on environmental parameters to obtain the environmental reference period for the current period, and then obtain the PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference period, thereby obtaining the reference weight for each environmental reference period; then, based on the equipment operating parameters of the environmental reference period and combined with the reference weight, obtain the basic energy consumption of each device in the current period; finally, analyze the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current period and the actual energy consumption of the corresponding equipment in the past period, and combine with the PPD index to obtain the comfort energy-saving index corresponding to the operating parameters of each device in the past period, thereby obtaining the possible energy-saving parameter range for each device;

[0112] The simulation parameter group acquisition module 23 is used to preset the basic value density, combine it with the comfort and energy saving index, obtain the discretized value density of each possible energy saving parameter range of each device, and then extract the corresponding simulation parameters from the possible energy saving parameter range to obtain the simulation parameter group.

[0113] The optimal equipment operating parameter group acquisition module 24 is used to perform real-time simulation of the building based on the simulation parameter group and environmental parameters to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter group.

[0114] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0115] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A virtual simulation method for energy-efficient buildings based on digital twins, characterized in that, The method includes: Collect environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters of the building; the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity data, CO2 concentration data, and illuminance data; the equipment operating parameters include energy consumption data and equipment operating status data. Based on the environmental parameters, the environmental reference between past and current time periods is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period. The PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference time period is then obtained, and the reference weight for each environmental reference time period is obtained. Based on the equipment operating parameters during the environmental reference period and combined with the reference weights, the basic energy consumption of each device during the current period is obtained. By analyzing the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current period and the actual energy consumption of the equipment in the past period, and combining the PPD index, the comfort and energy-saving index of the equipment operating parameters of each equipment at each moment in the past period is obtained, and then the possible energy-saving parameter range of each equipment is obtained. By setting a basic value density and combining it with the comfort and energy-saving index, the discrete value density of each possible energy-saving parameter interval for each device is obtained. Then, the corresponding simulation parameters are extracted from the possible energy-saving parameter interval to obtain the simulation parameter set. Based on the simulation parameter set and the environmental parameters, the building is simulated in real time to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

2. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned environmental parameters, the environmental reference time between past and current time periods is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference time period for the current time period, including: Based on the environmental parameters, the similarity between environmental parameters in the past time period and environmental parameters in the current time period is analyzed to obtain the environmental reference between the past time period and the current time period; A preset reference threshold is used to mark past time periods corresponding to environmental reference values ​​greater than or equal to the reference threshold as environmental reference time periods for the current time period.

3. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 2, characterized in that, Obtain the reference weight for each environmental reference time period, including: Based on the environmental parameters, the PPD index at each moment within each environmental reference period is obtained using the PMV equation. By combining the environmental reference and the PPD index, the reference weight for each environmental reference period is obtained.

4. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the equipment operating parameters during the environmental reference period and combined with the reference weights, the basic energy consumption of each device during the current period is obtained, including: Based on the energy consumption data of the device's operating parameters at each moment during the environmental reference period, the average energy consumption of each device during the environmental reference period is obtained. The reference weight of each environmental reference period is used as the weight of the average energy consumption of the corresponding environmental reference period to obtain the basic energy consumption of each device in the current period.

5. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the possible energy-saving parameter ranges for each device, including: A preset threshold is set, and the equipment operating parameters corresponding to the comfort and energy-saving index being greater than or equal to the threshold are recorded as possible energy-saving values; Using the potential energy-saving value as the center point, the average length between all adjacent potential energy-saving values ​​is taken as the neighborhood length. Several energy-saving neighborhoods are constructed and denoted as the potential energy-saving parameter intervals for each device.

6. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that, Extract the corresponding simulation parameters from the possible energy-saving parameter range to obtain the simulation parameter set, including: Based on the discretized value density, the corresponding simulation parameters are extracted from the possible energy-saving parameter range to obtain the simulation parameter values ​​for different types of parameters of each device. By freely combining the simulated parameter values ​​corresponding to the various operating parameters of different devices, the parameter groups corresponding to the operating parameters of each device in the building are obtained, and are denoted as the simulated parameter groups.

7. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the simulation parameter set and the environmental parameters, the building is simulated in real time to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set, including: Based on the environmental parameters and the building's physical parameters, a real-time model of the building is constructed. In the real-time model, the simulation parameter set is input to perform virtual simulation of the building and obtain index parameters; Based on the aforementioned index parameters, the NSGA-II algorithm is used to obtain a preliminary optimal solution set for the equipment operating parameters; Based on the preliminary optimal solution set, the building is further subjected to virtual simulation iteration, with preset iteration stopping conditions, to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

8. The energy-saving building virtual simulation method based on digital twins according to claim 7, characterized in that, Physical parameters include geometric data, material property data, and airtightness data.

9. A virtual simulation system for energy-efficient buildings based on digital twins, characterized in that, The system includes: a memory and a processor, wherein: The memory is used to store program code; The processor is configured to read program code stored in the memory and execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The energy-saving building virtual simulation system based on digital twins according to claim 9, characterized in that, The processor includes: The data acquisition module is used to collect environmental parameters and equipment operating parameters of the building; the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity data, CO2 concentration data, and illuminance data; the equipment operating parameters include energy consumption data and equipment operating status data. The module for obtaining the possible energy-saving parameter range is used to first analyze the environmental reference between past and current periods based on the environmental parameters to obtain the environmental reference period for the current period, then obtain the PPD index for each moment within the environmental reference period, and then obtain the reference weight for each environmental reference period; then, based on the equipment operating parameters of the environmental reference period and the reference weight, obtain the basic energy consumption of each device in the current period; finally, analyze the difference between the basic energy consumption of the equipment in the current period and the actual energy consumption of the corresponding equipment in past periods, and combine the PPD index to obtain the comfort energy-saving index corresponding to the operating parameters of each device in the past periods, and then obtain the possible energy-saving parameter range for each device. The simulation parameter set acquisition module is used to preset the basic value density, combine it with the comfort and energy saving index, obtain the discretized value density of each possible energy saving parameter interval for each device, and then extract the corresponding simulation parameters from the possible energy saving parameter interval to obtain the simulation parameter set. The optimal equipment operating parameter set acquisition module is used to perform real-time simulation of the building based on the simulation parameter set and the environmental parameters to obtain the optimal equipment operating parameter set.

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