Glass insulator and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a glass insulator and a working method thereof, and relates to the technical field of insulators, and the glass insulator comprises a plurality of glass insulator monomers of which the upper ends and the lower ends are sequentially connected in series, a lower hollow disc shell installed at the bottom end of the lowermost glass insulator monomer, and a steering table rotationally installed at the bottom end of the lower hollow disc shell. A connecting shaft is fixed to the center of the interior of the steering table, a connecting cylinder is mounted at the bottom end of the connecting shaft, a T-shaped sleeve is slidably mounted in the connecting cylinder, and the lower end of the T-shaped sleeve penetrates through the exterior of the connecting cylinder. Dynamic bending stress needing to be borne by the insulator chain and collision between elements are greatly reduced, and the mechanical fatigue risk is reduced; and the position of the wire is stabilized, and violent and uncontrollable fluctuation of the tension of the wire caused by large-amplitude galloping is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulator technology, specifically to a glass insulator and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of overhead transmission lines, glass insulators must provide reliable electrical insulation, effectively isolating high-voltage conductors from the grounded support structure to prevent current leakage or short circuits, ensuring the safety of the line and personnel. They must also possess strong mechanical strength to stably support and withstand the weight of the conductors themselves, as well as the enormous tensile forces exerted by external loads such as wind and ice. Their structural design is highly efficient and simple. The core component is a glass umbrella disc made of specially tempered silicate glass. Its specific ridge structure significantly extends the potential current leakage path (creep distance) and effectively blocks the formation of a continuous water film in severe weather. The upper and lower ends of the glass umbrella disc are firmly glued with forged steel caps and steel feet using high-strength cement. The steel caps connect to the tower, and the steel feet connect to the conductors. The three components combine to form a robust whole to transmit mechanical loads. In practical use, the glass insulator is installed in series between the tower and the conductor using hardware. For example, a glass insulator disclosed in patent announcement number CN118675823B includes a steel cap, steel feet, and glass components. A cooling chamber is formed inside the skirt of the glass component, filled with a portion of coolant. A heat spreader is installed inside the cooling chamber, and an insulating layer is bonded to the inner wall of the cooling chamber. The coolant and the heat spreader achieve temperature equalization through evaporation and condensation. After the glass insulator spontaneously explodes, the broken glass components are interconnected under the action of the insulating layer, reducing the safety hazard of broken glass components falling. Simultaneously, the heat spreader provides good support to the glass components after the insulator spontaneously explodes. However, the above technical solution mainly involves using one or more glass insulators in practice. (Composing an insulator string) It is connected to the crossarm of the tower or pole through the steel cap at the top, and then the steel feet at the bottom are firmly connected to the conductor that needs to be supported or tensioned through the corresponding hardware, such as cup head hanging plate, ball head hanging ring, etc. At this time, the hardware at the bottom and the cable exert a downward pull on the single or multiple glass insulators in the suspended state. Since the structural design of the insulator string is to provide insulation and mechanical support, the connection point between the hardware and the conductor will generate a certain stress concentration when subjected to tension. In addition, the wind force will cause the conductor to swing and vibrate, further aggravating the change of tension. As a result, the insulator string is constantly subjected to dynamic tension and compression in the suspended state. Although tempering gives glass higher strength and creates spontaneous breakage characteristics, it does not change the fact that glass lacks the ability to plastically deform. Any tiny defects existing inside or on the surface of the glass (such as microscopic bubbles, impurities, or surface scratches that are difficult to completely avoid during manufacturing) can easily become stress concentration points under continuous and potentially fluctuating tensile stress, leading to the initiation and propagation of microcracks. Once the cracks expand to the critical size, instantaneous and catastrophic brittle fracture will occur, and the entire insulator will completely lose its mechanical load-bearing capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a glass insulator and its working method. The steel foot of the glass insulator at the bottom of the insulator string is connected to a lower hollow disc shell by an iron cap. A turntable with a connecting cylinder is rotatably installed at the bottom of the lower hollow disc shell. The connecting cylinder and the T-shaped sleeve are damped by a hydraulic damper. The single-opening hangers on the front and rear outer walls of the V-shaped connecting arm allow the conductor to pass through. At this time, the conductor passes through the single-opening hangers on the same horizontal plane in a U-shape. The hydraulic damper is used to dampen the T-shaped sleeve, hangers and conductor upwards, and reduce the tension changes caused by changes in external wind force, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a glass insulator, comprising multiple glass insulator units connected in series at their upper and lower ends, a lower hollow disc shell mounted at the bottom of the lowest glass insulator unit, and a steering platform rotatably mounted at the bottom of the lower hollow disc shell. A connecting shaft is fixed at the center of the steering platform, and a connecting cylinder is mounted at the bottom of the connecting shaft. A T-shaped sleeve is slidably mounted inside the connecting cylinder, with the lower end of the T-shaped sleeve extending to the outside of the connecting cylinder. A hydraulic damper is mounted at the top of the connecting cylinder, and the bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic damper is fixedly connected to the top end of the T-shaped sleeve. A hinged V-shaped connecting arm is mounted between the lower end of the T-shaped sleeve and the left and right sides of the lower end of the connecting cylinder. Two single-opening hangers for guiding conductors are mounted on the front and rear outer walls of the V-shaped connecting arm.

[0005] Preferably, an iron cap is fixed at the center of the top of the lower hollow disc shell to be connected to the lower steel foot of the glass insulator unit, and a worm gear transmission structure for driving the steering table to rotate is installed inside the lower hollow disc shell.

[0006] Preferably, the worm gear transmission structure includes an outer support platform integrally formed at the bottom end of the lower hollow disc shell, a worm gear unit rotatably installed inside the outer support platform, and a worm shaft rotatably installed on one side inside the lower hollow disc shell. The worm shaft and the worm gear unit mesh with each other. The connecting shaft is coaxial with the worm gear unit, and the top end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the worm gear unit.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the worm shaft extends through to the outside of the lower hollow disc and is integrally formed with an internal hexagonal protrusion.

[0008] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft is provided with an external thread groove, and the inner wall of the top opening of the connecting cylinder is provided with an internal thread groove. The connecting cylinder and the connecting shaft are threadedly connected through the internal thread groove and the external thread groove.

[0009] Preferably, the V-shaped connecting arm includes a Y-shaped upper rocker arm hinged to one side of the outer wall of the connecting cylinder and an H-shaped lower rocker arm hinged to one side of the outer wall of the T-shaped sleeve, wherein the lower end of the Y-shaped upper rocker arm and the upper end of the H-shaped lower rocker arm are hinged to each other.

[0010] Preferably, the single-opening hanger includes two cable fixing plates fixed on the front and rear outer walls of the Y-shaped upper rocker arm and the H-shaped lower rocker arm, two perforated blocks fixed between the two cable fixing plates, and cable clamping seats bolted to the outer wall of one side of the two perforated blocks.

[0011] Preferably, notches are provided on the opposite outer walls of the cable fixing plate and the cable pressing seat, and the cable fixing plate, the perforated block, and the cable pressing seat are all made of hard plastic material.

[0012] Preferably, the front and rear outer walls of the bottom end of the T-shaped sleeve are integrally formed with protruding arms, and the lower surface of the protruding arms is provided with a lower cable groove.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for operating a glass insulator, as described above, comprising the following steps: S101: Connect multiple glass insulator units in series to form an insulator string according to design requirements. Connect the iron cap at the top of the lower hollow disc shell to the steel foot of the lowest glass insulator unit. Then, reserve an appropriate length of the conductor to be suspended and pre-install it between two single-opening hangers on the same horizontal plane to form a U-shaped cable routing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the conductor slides smoothly in the hanger without any hard bends. S102: Use insulating slings or special tools to bundle the pre-assembled composite structure, which includes insulator strings, lower hollow disc shell, turning platform, connecting cylinder, T-shaped sleeve, V-shaped arm connecting arm and single-opening hanger, so that the structure is vertically hoisted to below the designed hanging point of the tower crossarm. The high-altitude workers guide the hanging ring at the top of the insulator string to accurately align with the ball head hanging point of the tower crossarm, insert the pin and install the cotter pin to lock it. S103: After the insulator string is connected to the crossarm of the tower, the staff rotates the turntable according to the direction of the conductor arrangement, so that the turntable, connecting cylinder and T-shaped sleeve rotate until the U-shaped conductor segment and the entire conductor are not twisted or bent. S104: Apply a periodic tension to the conductor to simulate wind vibration, observe the vibration of the U-shaped conductor segment, T-shaped sleeve, V-shaped arm connecting arm and single-opening hanger, verify whether the conductor-to-ground distance and phase-to-phase distance meet the safety specifications, and record the stroke position of the hydraulic damper under windless conditions as a reference value. In the later stage, focus on monitoring whether the hydraulic damper leaks, the opening and closing status of the single-opening hanger, the change of U-shaped conductor sag and the stress posture of the insulator string.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The glass insulator and its working method are constructed by a structure in which multiple glass insulator units connected in series, a lower hollow disc shell, an iron cap, a steering platform, a connecting cylinder, a hydraulic damper, a T-shaped sleeve, a V-shaped connecting arm, and a single-opening hanger cooperate with each other. The steel foot of the glass insulator at the bottom of the insulator string is connected to a lower hollow disc shell through an iron cap. The bottom end of the lower hollow disc shell is rotatably mounted with a steering platform with a connecting cylinder. The connecting cylinder and the T-shaped sleeve are damped by a hydraulic damper. The single-opening hangers on the front and rear outer walls of the V-shaped connecting arm allow the conductor to pass through. At this time, the conductor passes through the single-opening hangers on the same horizontal plane in a U-shape, utilizing hydraulic... The damper lifts the T-shaped sleeve, hanger, and conductor upwards, allowing the hydraulic damper to efficiently attenuate the dangerous dynamic impact tension and convert it into a relatively safe pressure load. The rotating installation structure isolates thermal stress and local bending stress, and the synergistic effect of the U-shaped cable and hydraulic damper strongly suppresses wind vibration. Through this strong vibration attenuation, on the one hand, it significantly reduces the dynamic bending stress and inter-component collisions that the insulator string itself needs to withstand, lowering the risk of mechanical fatigue; on the other hand, it stabilizes the conductor position, preventing violent and uncontrollable fluctuations in conductor tension caused by large-scale galloping, and avoiding a vicious cycle where wind changes cause a sharp increase in tension, potentially leading to insulator breakage. When the conductor is subjected to dynamic loads such as wind vibration pulling downwards, this tension is transmitted through the V-shaped connecting arm and the single-opening hanger, ultimately acting in the direction attempting to compress the hydraulic damper. The hydraulic damper, through the throttling effect of its internal viscous fluid, efficiently converts the impact kinetic energy into heat energy, thus significantly smoothing and attenuating the force pulse transmitted to the upper insulator string. In this way, the dynamic tensile stress impact is transformed into a relatively safe, strongly attenuated quasi-static pressure load on the glass insulator. Secondly, the conductor loops in a U-shape through the single-opening hanger on the V-shaped connecting arm, essentially... At the suspension point, a geometric configuration with a self-stabilizing tendency is formed. When the wind attempts to push or pull the conductor laterally, the geometric constraint of the U-shaped segment will generate a restoring force component that attempts to restore the conductor's center position. The hydraulic damper is directly integrated between the connecting cylinder and the T-shaped sleeve. Through the flexible buffer of the structure, the dynamic changes of the conductor are further reduced, thus reducing the stress burden on the insulator string. Finally, combined with the adjustment function of the hydraulic damper, the stress state of the conductor can be adjusted in real time according to environmental changes, ensuring that it can remain stable when the wind force changes drastically, and avoiding stress concentration and mechanical fatigue. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower isometric isometric solid structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the glass insulator unit and the lower hollow disc shell of the present invention in an assembled state. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the glass insulator unit and the lower hollow disc shell of the present invention in an assembled state. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower hollow disk shell according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the worm gear transmission structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single-opening hanger according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the connecting cylinder and T-shaped sleeve according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Glass insulator unit; 2. Lower hollow disc shell; 201. Outer support platform; 3. Iron cap; 4. Turning platform; 5. Connecting shaft; 501. External threaded groove; 6. Worm gear transmission structure; 601. Worm shaft; 602. Hexagonal protrusion; 603. Worm gear unit; 7. Connecting cylinder; 701. Internal threaded groove; 702. Hydraulic damper; 8. T-sleeve; 9. Y-shaped upper rocker arm; 10. H-shaped lower rocker arm; 11. Single-opening hanger; 1101. Cable fixing plate; 1102. Block with holes; 1103. Cable clamping seat; 1104. Notch; 12. Protruding arm; 1201. Lower embedded cable groove. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 4The present invention comprises multiple glass insulator units 1 connected in series at their upper and lower ends, a lower hollow disc shell 2 installed at the bottom end of the lowest glass insulator unit 1, and a turntable 4 rotatably installed at the bottom end of the lower hollow disc shell 2. A connecting shaft 5 is fixed at the center position inside the turntable 4, and a connecting cylinder 7 is installed at the bottom end of the connecting shaft 5. A T-shaped sleeve 8 is slidably installed inside the connecting cylinder 7. The lower end of the T-shaped sleeve 8 extends to the outside of the connecting cylinder 7. A hydraulic damper 702 is installed at the top of the connecting cylinder 7. The bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic damper 702 is fixedly connected to the top end of the T-shaped sleeve 8. A hinged V-shaped connecting arm is installed between the lower end of the T-shaped sleeve 8 and the left and right sides of the lower end of the connecting cylinder 7. Two single-opening hangers 11 for guiding wires are installed on the front and rear outer walls of the V-shaped connecting arm. The hydraulic damper 702 converts the dynamic impact kinetic energy of the conductor, such as downward impact tension, wind vibration, and de-icing, into compressive force that it can withstand, thus avoiding the alternating tension acting directly on the glass insulator and keeping the insulator string in a stable compressive stress state for a long time. At the center of the top of the lower hollow disc shell 2, there is an iron cap 3 that is connected to the lower steel foot of the glass insulator unit 1. The insulator string formed by multiple glass insulator units 1 connected in series undertakes the core functions of high voltage isolation and static pressure transmission. The lower hollow disc shell 2 is connected to the insulator on the top and the turntable 4 on the bottom through the iron cap 3, which transforms the rigid connection of the insulator string into a movable interface.

[0019] This embodiment describes a method for operating a glass insulator, as described above, including the following steps: S101: Connect multiple glass insulator units 1 in series to form an insulator string according to the design requirements. Connect the iron cap 3 at the upper end of the lower hollow disc shell 2 to the steel foot of the lowest glass insulator unit 1. Then, reserve an appropriate length of the conductor to be suspended and pre-install it between two single-opening hangers 11 on the same horizontal plane to form a U-shaped cable routing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the conductor slides smoothly in the hanger without any hard bends. S102: Use insulating slings or special tools to bundle the pre-assembled composite structure, which includes insulator strings, lower hollow disc shell 2, turning platform 4, connecting cylinder 7, T-shaped sleeve 8, V-shaped arm connecting arm and single-opening hanger 11, so that the structure is vertically hoisted to below the designed hanging point of the tower crossarm. The high-altitude workers guide the hanging ring at the top of the insulator string to accurately align with the ball head hanging point of the tower crossarm, insert the pin and install the cotter pin to lock it. S103: After the insulator string is connected to the crossarm of the tower, the staff rotates the turntable 4 according to the direction of the conductor arrangement, so that the turntable 4, the connecting cylinder 7, and the T-shaped sleeve 8 rotate until the U-shaped conductor segment and the entire conductor are not twisted or bent. S104: Apply a periodic tension simulating wind vibration to the conductor, observe the vibration of the U-shaped conductor segment, T-shaped sleeve 8, V-shaped arm connecting arm and single-opening hanger 11, verify whether the conductor-to-ground distance and phase-to-phase distance meet the safety specifications, and record the stroke position of the hydraulic damper 702 under windless conditions as a reference value. In the later stage, focus on monitoring whether the hydraulic damper 702 leaks, the opening and closing status of the single-opening hanger 11, the change of U-shaped wire sag and the stress posture of the insulator string.

[0020] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower hollow disc shell 2 is equipped with a worm gear transmission structure 6 for driving the steering platform 4 to rotate. The worm gear transmission structure 6 includes an outer support platform 201 integrally formed at the bottom end of the lower hollow disc shell 2, a worm gear unit 603 rotatably installed inside the outer support platform 201, and a worm shaft 601 rotatably installed on one side inside the lower hollow disc shell 2. The worm shaft 601 and the worm gear unit 603 mesh with each other. The connecting shaft 5 is coaxial with the worm gear unit 603, and the top end of the connecting shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the worm gear unit 603. One end of the worm shaft 601 extends through the outside of the lower hollow disc shell 2 and is integrally formed with an internal hexagonal protrusion 602. The operator can rotate the worm shaft 601 through the internal hexagonal protrusion 602, thereby driving the worm wheel unit 603, the connecting shaft 5, and the steering table 4 to rotate. This achieves the purpose of adjusting the angles of the connecting cylinder 7, the T-shaped sleeve 8, the V-shaped arm connecting arm, and the single-opening hanger 11, ensuring that the U-shaped conductor segment and the entire conductor do not twist or bend, and allowing the structure to adapt to the direction of the conductor and adjust the angles of the V-shaped arm connecting arm and the single-opening hanger 11.

[0021] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 5 is provided with an external thread groove 501, and the inner wall of the top opening of the connecting cylinder 7 is provided with an internal thread groove 701. The connecting cylinder 7 and the connecting shaft 5 are threadedly connected through the internal thread groove 701 and the external thread groove 501. The upper end of the connecting cylinder 7 is threadedly engaged with the external thread groove 501 of the connecting shaft 5 through the internal thread groove 701, so as to realize the quick disassembly and quick assembly functions of the connecting shaft 5 and the connecting cylinder 7. The V-shaped connecting arm includes a Y-shaped upper rocker arm 9 hinged to one side of the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 7 and an H-shaped lower rocker arm 10 hinged to one side of the outer wall of the T-shaped sleeve 8. The lower end of the Y-shaped upper rocker arm 9 and the upper end of the H-shaped lower rocker arm 10 are hinged to each other. The Y-shaped upper rocker arm 9 and the H-shaped lower rocker arm 10 form a V-shaped angle between the lower end of the connecting cylinder 7 and the lower end of the T-shaped sleeve 8. In conjunction with the hydraulic damper 702, the tension of the conductor is decomposed into axial components along the two arms, reducing the bending moment at the hinge point. The single-opening hanger 11 includes two cable fixing plates 1101 fixed on the front and rear outer walls of the Y-shaped upper rocker arm 9 and the H-shaped lower rocker arm 10, two perforated blocks 1102 fixed between the two cable fixing plates 1101, and cable clamping seats 1103 bolted to one side of the outer wall of the two perforated blocks 1102. The cable fixing plates 1101 and cable clamping seats 1103 are provided with notches 1104 on the opposite side outer walls. The cable fixing plates 1101, perforated blocks 1102 and cable clamping seats 1103 are all made of hard plastic material. When the operator uses the single-opening hanger 11, the wire is inserted into the two notches 1104 on the same horizontal plane in a U-shaped segment. Then the cable clamping seats 1103 are bolted to the perforated blocks 1102, so that the wire is embedded in the notches 1104 of the cable fixing plates 1101 and cable clamping seats 1103 and remains stable. The front and rear outer walls of the bottom of the T-shaped sleeve 8 are integrally formed with protruding arms 12. The lower surface of the protruding arm 12 is provided with a lower cable groove 1201. After the length of the U-shaped section of the conductor is adjusted, it can also be embedded in the lower cable groove 1201 at the lower end of the protruding arm 12 to force the conductor to form an anti-vibration U-shaped bend.

[0022] In this embodiment, multiple glass insulator units 1 are first connected in series to form an insulator string according to design requirements. The iron cap 3 at the upper end of the lower hollow disc shell 2 is then connected to the steel foot of the lowest glass insulator unit 1. Next, the conductor to be suspended is pre-installed between two single-opening hangers 11 on the same horizontal plane, forming a U-shaped cable routing. It is crucial to ensure that the conductor slides smoothly within the hangers without any sharp bends. Insulating slings or special tools are then used to bundle the pre-assembled composite structure, which includes the insulator string, the lower hollow disc shell 2, and the rotating... The lifting platform 4, connecting cylinder 7, T-sleeve 8, V-arm connecting arm, and single-opening hanger 11 are used to vertically hoist the structure to the design hanging point below the crossarm of the tower. Strict control of swaying is maintained during hoisting to prevent component collisions. High-altitude workers guide the hanging ring at the top of the insulator string to precisely align with the ball joint hanging point of the tower crossarm, inserting the pin and installing the cotter pin for locking. After confirming a secure connection, the hoisting equipment is released, allowing the insulator string and conductor to hang naturally under their own weight. Once the insulator string is connected to the tower crossarm, workers rotate the turning platform according to the conductor's orientation. 4. This causes the turntable 4, connecting cylinder 7, and T-sleeve 8 to rotate until the U-shaped conductor segment and the entire conductor are no longer twisted or bent. Workers apply a periodic tensile force simulating wind vibration to the conductor and observe the vibration of the U-shaped conductor segment, T-sleeve 8, V-arm connecting arm, and single-opening hanger 11. Under sudden load, the hydraulic damper 702 absorbs energy through viscous fluid throttling, suppressing the instantaneous displacement of the T-sleeve 8, V-arm connecting arm, single-opening hanger 11, and U-shaped conductor segment, thus buffering the peak force transmitted to the insulator string. Periodic loads are converted into heat dissipation within the hydraulic damper 702, reducing conductor vibration amplitude and ensuring that the insulator string mainly bears stable pressure rather than alternating tension. The conductor-to-ground distance and phase-to-phase distance are checked to ensure they meet safety standards, and the stroke position of the hydraulic damper is recorded under windless conditions as a benchmark value. In the later stages, the hydraulic damper 702 is closely monitored for leakage, the opening and closing status of the single-opening hanger 11, the change in the sag of the U-shaped wiring, and the stress posture of the insulator string, ensuring that the coordinated action of each structural component effectively protects the glass insulator from dynamic tensile stress.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A glass insulator, characterized in that: The device includes multiple glass insulator units (1) connected in series at their upper and lower ends, a lower hollow disc shell (2) installed at the bottom of the lowest glass insulator unit (1), and a turntable (4) rotatably installed at the bottom of the lower hollow disc shell (2). A connecting shaft (5) is fixed at the center of the turntable (4), and a connecting cylinder (7) is installed at the bottom of the connecting shaft (5). A T-shaped sleeve (8) is slidably installed inside the connecting cylinder (7). The lower end of the T-shaped sleeve (8) extends through to the outside of the connecting cylinder (7). A hydraulic damper (702) is installed at the top of the connecting cylinder (7). The bottom end of the piston rod of the hydraulic damper (702) is fixedly connected to the top end of the T-shaped sleeve (8). A V-shaped connecting arm that can be hinged is installed between the lower end of the T-shaped sleeve (8) and the lower end of the connecting cylinder (7) on the left and right sides. Two single-opening hangers (11) for guiding the conductor are installed on the front and rear outer walls of the V-shaped connecting arm.

2. A glass insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the center of the top of the lower hollow disc shell (2), there is an iron cap (3) that is connected to the lower steel foot of the glass insulator unit (1). The interior of the lower hollow disc shell (2) is equipped with a worm gear transmission structure (6) for driving the turntable (4) to rotate.

3. A glass insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The worm gear transmission structure (6) includes an outer support platform (201) integrally formed at the bottom of the lower hollow disc shell (2), a worm gear unit (603) rotatably installed inside the outer support platform (201), and a worm shaft (601) rotatably installed on one side inside the lower hollow disc shell (2). The worm shaft (601) and the worm gear unit (603) mesh with each other. The connecting shaft (5) is coaxial with the worm gear unit (603), and the top end of the connecting shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the worm gear unit (603).

4. A glass insulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the worm shaft (601) extends through the outside of the lower hollow disc (2) and is integrally formed with an internal hexagonal protrusion (602).

5. A glass insulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft (5) is provided with an external thread groove (501), and the inner wall of the top opening of the connecting cylinder (7) is provided with an internal thread groove (701). The connecting cylinder (7) and the connecting shaft (5) are connected by the internal thread groove (701) and the external thread groove (501).

6. A glass insulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The V-shaped connecting arm includes a Y-shaped upper rocker arm (9) hinged to the outer wall of one side of the connecting cylinder (7) and an H-shaped lower rocker arm (10) hinged to the outer wall of one side of the T-shaped sleeve (8). The lower end of the Y-shaped upper rocker arm (9) is hinged to the upper end of the H-shaped lower rocker arm (10).

7. A glass insulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single-opening hanger (11) includes two cable fixing plates (1101) fixed on the front and rear outer walls of the Y-shaped upper rocker arm (9) and the H-shaped lower rocker arm (10), two perforated blocks (1102) fixed between the two cable fixing plates (1101), and cable pressing seats (1103) bolted to the outer wall of one side of the two perforated blocks (1102).

8. A glass insulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cable fixing plate (1101) and the cable pressing seat (1103) are provided with notches (1104) on their opposite outer walls. The cable fixing plate (1101), the perforated block (1102), and the cable pressing seat (1103) are all made of hard plastic material.

9. A glass insulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The T-shaped sleeve (8) has protruding arms (12) integrally formed on the front and rear outer walls at the bottom end, and the lower surface of the protruding arms (12) is provided with a lower cable groove (1201).

10. A method for operating a glass insulator, comprising the glass insulator as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S101: Connect multiple glass insulator units (1) in series to form an insulator string according to the design requirements. Connect the iron cap (3) at the top of the lower hollow disc shell (2) to the steel foot of the bottom glass insulator unit (1). Then, reserve an appropriate length of the conductor to be suspended and pre-install it between two single-opening hangers (11) on the same horizontal plane to form a U-shaped cable routing. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the conductor slides smoothly in the hanger without any hard bends. S102: Use insulating slings or special tools to bundle the pre-assembled composite structure, which includes insulator strings, lower hollow disc shell (2), turning platform (4), connecting cylinder (7), T-shaped sleeve (8), V-shaped arm connecting arm and single-opening hanger (11), so that the structure is vertically hoisted to below the designed hanging point of the tower crossarm. The high-altitude workers guide the hanging ring at the top of the insulator string to accurately align with the ball head hanging point of the tower crossarm, insert the pin and install the cotter pin to lock it. S103: After the insulator string is connected to the crossarm of the tower, the staff rotates the turntable (4) according to the direction of the conductor arrangement, so that the turntable (4), the connecting cylinder (7), and the T-shaped sleeve (8) rotate until the U-shaped conductor segment and the entire conductor are not twisted or bent. S104: Apply a periodic tension to the conductor to simulate wind vibration, observe the vibration of the U-shaped conductor segment, T-shaped sleeve (8), V-shaped arm connecting arm and single-opening hanger (11), check whether the conductor distance to the ground and the phase distance meet the safety specifications, and record the stroke position of the hydraulic damper (702) under windless conditions as a reference value. In the later stage, focus on monitoring whether the hydraulic damper (702) leaks, the opening and closing status of the single-opening hanger (11), the change of U-shaped wire sag and the stress posture of the insulator string.

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