A graphene material fuse

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to a graphene novel material fuse, which comprises a plug-in shell, the side of the plug-in shell is provided with a shell body, positioning bolts are arranged at two corners of the side of the plug-in shell, the side of the shell body is provided with an open slot, the open slot is closed through a cover plate, a fuse is arranged in the shell body, the fuse comprises a shell mounted in the shell body, and electrodes are arranged at the two ends of the shell; the graphene sheet and the memory alloy sheet are combined, the combination design realizes the functions of quick and reliable short-circuit protection; when the temperature rises due to abnormal current rise, the contraction narrow area on the graphene sheet breaks rapidly, the circuit is cut off in time, and further damage caused by the short circuit is prevented; meanwhile, the memory alloy sheet deforms when the temperature reaches the phase change point, drives the broken part of the graphene sheet to move away, effectively increases the distance of the broken part, and potential hazards of electric arc to the circuit are eliminated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to a graphene material fuse. BACKGROUND

[0002] Graphene, as a new type of nanomaterial, has shown great application prospects in various fields such as electronics, energy, and materials due to its unique physical and chemical properties. In particular, in the field of electrical protection, the high electrical conductivity, high strength, and excellent thermal stability of graphene make it an ideal choice for fuse materials. Researchers have attempted to apply graphene to fuse design in order to improve the performance and reliability of circuit protection devices. By introducing graphene sheets, fuses can theoretically achieve faster thermal response and more efficient current interruption, providing a new technical path for circuit safety.

[0003] However, despite the great potential of graphene materials in fuse applications, existing graphene fuse designs still have some significant defects. First, the distance between the broken points of graphene sheets is too close, which makes it easy for electric arcs to affect them. Such close broken points not only fail to effectively isolate the circuit, but also may cause the continuous combustion of electric arcs, further damaging the internal structure of the fuse, and even causing fires and other serious consequences. In addition, due to the close distance between the broken points, the electric arc generated during a short circuit can cause secondary damage to the surrounding graphene material, reducing the overall reliability and service life of the fuse. Furthermore, the existing design lacks intuitive observation means when a short circuit occurs, and operators cannot quickly determine whether a short circuit has occurred, delaying fault handling time and increasing safety hazards. These defects limit the widespread application of graphene fuses and require further technical improvements and innovations. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a graphene material fuse to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a kind of graphene material fuse, including plug-in shell, the side of the plug-in shell is provided with shell, and the side of plug-in shell is provided with positioning bolt in two corners, the side of the shell is provided with open slot, open slot is closed by cover plate, the shell is provided with fuse, the shell includes housing mounted in shell, the outside two ends of housing are provided with electrode, and the inside of two ends of housing is provided with conducting sheet, two conducting sheets are electrically connected with two electrodes respectively, and graphene sheet is provided between two conducting sheets, the two sides of graphene sheet are provided with memory alloy sheet, when short circuit occurs in circuit, temperature rises when current passes through graphene sheet and it breaks, and graphene sheet conducts temperature to memory alloy sheet, memory alloy sheet makes the fracture point of graphene sheet away from each other, prevent arc influence circuit.

[0007] Preferably, the graphene sheet includes a lower graphene sheet and an upper graphene sheet, and a narrow contraction region is provided between opposite ends of the lower graphene sheet and the upper graphene sheet.

[0008] Preferably, the memory alloy sheet includes a heat-conducting portion attached to one side of the graphene sheet near the narrow contraction region, one end of the heat-conducting portion is integrally formed with a deformation portion, and the other end of the deformation portion is connected to the inner wall of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the phase transition temperature of the deformation portion is 500 degrees, and when the deformation portion does not reach the phase transition temperature, the deformation portion bends in the direction of the graphene sheet, and when the deformation portion reaches the phase transition temperature, the deformation portion gradually straightens and approaches the inner wall of the housing.

[0010] Preferably, the graphene sheet is provided with insulating substrate plates on both sides, the lower ends of the insulating substrate plates are connected to the conducting sheets, and opposite ends of the two insulating substrate plates are provided near the narrow contraction region.

[0011] Preferably, the graphene material fuse further includes a warning observer, the warning observer includes a connecting rod hinged to the side of the heat-conducting portion away from the graphene sheet, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a lower moving plate, the upper side of the lower moving plate is connected with an upper moving plate through a connecting strip, and one side of the lower moving plate and the upper moving plate is provided with a normal display area and an abnormal display area, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the color of the normal display area is green, representing a normal circuit, and the color of the abnormal display area is red, representing an abnormal circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the outside of the shell is provided with an observation port communicating with the inside thereof, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a guide groove at both sides of the observation port, the lower movable plate and the upper movable plate are both provided with a flange at both sides of one side, the flanges are longitudinally slidably arranged on the guide grooves, when the memory alloy piece is not deformed, the normal display area on the lower movable plate corresponds to the position of the observation port, when the flange on the lower movable plate slides to the bottom of the guide groove, the abnormal display area on the upper movable plate corresponds to the position of the observation port at this time.

[0014] Preferably, the graphene material fuse further comprises a pressure relief device, the pressure relief device comprises a limiting cylinder penetrating through one side of the shell, one end of the limiting cylinder is connected with a horn in the shell, and a piston plate with an internal size matching with the limiting cylinder is slidably arranged in the limiting cylinder, one side of the piston plate is connected with a moving shaft, the other end of the moving shaft is slidably arranged through the inner side of one end of the limiting cylinder and connected with a rubber block, and a spring is arranged around the moving shaft in the limiting cylinder, and both ends of the spring are connected with one side of the piston plate and the inner side of one end of the limiting cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the cover plate comprises a sealing plate rotatably arranged on the opening groove of the shell through a damping rotating shaft, the upper end of the sealing plate is provided with a handle, and the side of the sealing plate close to the shell is provided with a rubber pad, when the sealing plate closes the shell and the circuit is not short-circuited, the rubber block at one end of the moving shaft is in contact with the rubber pad on the sealing plate at this time.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Through the combination design of the graphene sheet and the memory alloy piece, the rapid and reliable short-circuit protection function is realized. When the temperature rises due to abnormal rise of the current, the contraction narrow area on the graphene sheet breaks rapidly, the circuit is cut off in time, and further damage caused by short circuit is prevented. At the same time, the memory alloy piece deforms when the temperature reaches the phase change point, driving the graphene sheet away from the broken part, effectively increasing the distance of the broken part, eliminating the potential harm of electric arc to the circuit, and ensuring the safety and stability of the circuit system.

[0018] The mechanical linkage mechanism is utilized, the movement of the connecting rod and the movable plate is driven by the memory alloy piece, and the intuitive fault display function is realized. When the short circuit occurs, the abnormal display area on the upper movable plate corresponds to the observation port of the shell, the red warning is obvious at a glance, which is convenient for personnel to quickly identify and handle the fault. In the normal state of the circuit, the green normal display area on the lower movable plate corresponds to the observation port, which provides clear state indication, greatly improving the convenience and efficiency of equipment maintenance.

[0019] The mechanism integrated with air pressure driving and damping protection enhances the intuitiveness and safety of fault response. The internal air pressure rising caused by short circuit pushes the piston plate to move, and then opens the cover plate, which intuitively prompts the personnel that the circuit is abnormal. At the same time, the damping shaft ensures that the cover plate is slowly opened, avoiding the secondary injury caused by the sudden pop, which not only guarantees the safety of the operating personnel, but also prolongs the service life of the equipment, and embodies the humanization and reliability of the design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuse of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fuse of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the graphene sheet of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the memory alloy sheet of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the early warning observer of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a sectional view of the fuse of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief device of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate of the present application.

[0030] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows:

[0031] 1. Insert shell; 2. Shell; 3. Cover plate; 4. Outer shell; 5. Electrode; 6. Conductive sheet; 7. Graphene sheet; 8. Shape memory alloy sheet; 9. Lower graphene sheet; 10. Upper graphene sheet; 11. Narrowing area; 12. Heat-conducting part; 13. Deformable part; 14. Insulating substrate plate; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Lower moving plate; 17. Connecting strip; 18. Upper moving plate; 19. Normal display area; 20. Abnormal display area; 21. Flange; 22. Observation port; 23. Guide groove; 24. Limiting cylinder; 25. Horn mouth; 26. Piston plate; 27. Moving shaft; 28. Rubber block; 29. ​​Spring; 30. Sealing plate; 31. Damping rotating shaft; 32. Handle; 33. Rubber pad; 34. Positioning bolt; 35. Opening groove. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] This invention provides three technical solutions:

[0034] Example 1: As Figures 1-3 As shown, a graphene material fuse includes a plug-in shell 1, a housing 2 on one side of the plug-in shell 1, and positioning bolts 34 at both corners of one side of the plug-in shell 1. An opening groove 35 is provided on one side of the housing 2, and the opening groove 35 is closed by a cover plate 3. A fuse is provided inside the housing 2. The fuse includes an outer shell 4 installed inside the housing 2. Electrodes 5 are provided at both ends of the outer shell 4, and conductive sheets 6 are provided on the inner sides of both ends of the outer shell 4. The two conductive sheets 6 are electrically connected to the two electrodes 5 respectively, and a graphene sheet 7 is provided between the two conductive sheets 6. Shape memory alloy sheets 8 are provided on both sides of the graphene sheet 7. When a short circuit occurs in the circuit, the current passes through the graphene sheet 7, the temperature rises and it breaks, and the graphene sheet 7 conducts the temperature to the shape memory alloy sheets 8. The shape memory alloy sheets 8 keep the break points of the graphene sheet 7 far apart, preventing the electric arc from affecting the circuit.

[0035] like Figures 3-4As shown, the graphene sheet 7 includes a lower graphene sheet 9 and an upper graphene sheet 10, and a narrow contraction area 11 is arranged between opposite ends of the lower graphene sheet 9 and the upper graphene sheet 10. The cover plate 3 is opened, the fuse is installed into the shell 4, and the electrode 5 on the shell 4 is connected with the wire contact to facilitate the circuit connection. When the circuit is normal, the current is transmitted through the graphene sheet 7. When a short circuit occurs, the current will increase, and thus the temperature will increase. When the current passes through the graphene sheet 7, the temperature of the graphene sheet 7 will increase. The narrow contraction area 11 part of the graphene sheet 7 is relatively narrow, and thus the narrow contraction area 11 part will quickly break, so that the circuit is rapidly cut off.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the memory alloy sheet 8 includes a heat conduction part 12 which is attached to one side of the graphene sheet 7 near the narrow contraction area 11. One end of the heat conduction part 12 is integrally formed with a deformation part 13, and the other end of the deformation part 13 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 4.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the phase transition temperature of the deformation part 13 is 500 degrees. When the deformation part 13 does not reach the phase transition temperature, the deformation part 13 bends along the direction of the graphene sheet 7. When the deformation part 13 reaches the phase transition temperature, the deformation part 13 gradually straightens and approaches the inner wall of the shell 4.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the graphene sheet 7 increases, the graphene sheet 7 will conduct the temperature to the heat conduction part 12 of the memory alloy sheet 8, the heat conduction part 12 will conduct the temperature to the deformation part 13, and then to the whole part of the memory alloy sheet 8. When the temperature of the memory alloy sheet 8 is higher than 500 degrees, the memory alloy sheet 8 reaches the phase transition temperature, so that the deformation part 13 gradually straightens and approaches the inner wall of the shell 4. Because the two memory alloy sheets 8 are arranged opposite to each other on the graphene sheet 7, the two memory alloy sheets 8 move away from each other, and thus the opposite ends of the lower graphene sheet 9 and the upper graphene sheet 10 are moved away from each other, increasing the distance of the breaking point and preventing the arc from affecting the circuit.

[0039] Further, as shown in Figure 3 The graphene sheet 7 is provided with insulating substrate plates 14 on both sides. The lower end of the insulating substrate plate 14 is connected to the conductive sheet 6, and the opposite end of the two insulating substrate plates 14 is arranged near the narrow contraction area 11. The insulating substrate plate 14 supports the graphene sheet 7, and has elasticity to facilitate the movement of the breaking point when the memory alloy sheet 8 deforms.

[0040] Embodiment two: as shown in Figures 2-3 andFigures 6-8 As shown in the drawings, the graphene material fuse further comprises a pre-warning observer, the pre-warning observer comprises a connecting rod 15 hinged to the heat-conducting part 12 away from the graphene sheet 7, the other end of the connecting rod 15 is hinged with a lower moving plate 16, the upper side of the lower moving plate 16 is connected with an upper moving plate 18 through a connecting strip 17, one side of the lower moving plate 16 and the upper moving plate 18 is respectively provided with a normal display area 19 and an abnormal display area 20.

[0041] As shown in the drawings, the color of the normal display area 19 is green, which represents that the circuit is normal, and the color of the abnormal display area 20 is red, which represents that the circuit is abnormal. Figures 2-3 Figures 6-8 As shown in the drawings, the color of the normal display area 19 is green, which represents that the circuit is normal, and the color of the abnormal display area 20 is red, which represents that the circuit is abnormal.

[0042] As shown in the drawings, the color of the normal display area 19 is green, which represents that the circuit is normal, and the color of the abnormal display area 20 is red, which represents that the circuit is abnormal. Figures 2-3 Figures 6-8 As shown in the drawings, the color of the normal display area 19 is green, which represents that the circuit is normal, and the color of the abnormal display area 20 is red, which represents that the circuit is abnormal.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the memory alloy sheet 8 drives the breaking part to approach the inner wall of the shell 4, the memory alloy sheet 8 drives the connecting rod 15 to move, and the connecting rod 15 drives the lower moving plate 16 to move downward, when the flange 21 on the lower moving plate 16 moves to the bottom of the guide groove 23, the abnormal display area 20 on the upper moving plate 18 corresponds to the observation port 22 on the shell 4, and the abnormal display area 20 on the upper moving plate 18 is red, so that the abnormal display area 20 can be observed through the observation port 22, so that the personnel can know that the short circuit occurs, when the short circuit does not occur, the memory alloy sheet 8 does not deform, at this time, the normal display area 19 on the lower moving plate 16 corresponds to the observation port 22, and the normal display area 19 on the lower moving plate 16 displays green, which represents that the circuit is normal.

[0044] Embodiment three: as shown in the drawings, Figure 2 Figures 9-10 ​​​As shown, the graphene material fuse further comprises a pressure relief device, the pressure relief device comprises a limiting cylinder 24 passing through one side of the shell 4, one end of the limiting cylinder 24 is connected with a trumpet mouth 25 in the shell 4, and a piston plate 26 matched with the internal size of the limiting cylinder 24 is transversely and slidingly installed in the limiting cylinder 24, one side of the piston plate 26 is connected with a moving shaft 27, the other end of the moving shaft 27 transversely and slidingly passes through the inside of one end of the limiting cylinder 24 and is connected with a rubber block 28, and the outside of the moving shaft 27 is sleeved with a spring 29 in the limiting cylinder 24, and the two ends of the spring 29 are respectively connected with one side of the piston plate 26 and the inside of one end of the limiting cylinder 24.

[0045] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 and Figures 9-10 As shown, the cover plate 3 comprises a sealing plate 30 rotatably installed on the housing 2 at the opening groove 35 through a damping rotating shaft 31, the upper end of the sealing plate 30 is provided with a handle 32, and the side close to the housing 2 is provided with a rubber pad 33, when the sealing plate 30 closes the housing 2 and the circuit does not occur short circuit, at this time, the rubber block 28 at one end of the moving shaft 27 is in contact with the rubber pad 33 on the sealing plate 30, through the setting of the rubber block 28 and the rubber pad 33, when the moving shaft 27 pushes the sealing plate 30 to open, the sealing plate 30 can be protected, preventing the sealing plate 30 from being pushed to break.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the circuit occurs short circuit, the temperature will rise, the internal pressure of the shell 4 will increase, under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the internal pressure of the shell 4 will enter the limiting cylinder 24 through the trumpet mouth 25, thereby pushing the piston plate 26, under the elasticity of the spring 29, the piston plate 26 drives the moving shaft 27 to move to the direction of the cover plate 3, so that the rubber block 28 at one end of the moving shaft 27 pushes the sealing plate 30 on the cover plate 3, so that the cover plate 3 is opened, and under the action of the damping rotating shaft 31, the cover plate 3 will be slowly opened, protecting the cover plate 3, so that when the personnel sees that the cover plate 3 is opened, it is immediately known that the circuit occurs abnormality.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the present document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0048] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A graphene material fuse, comprising a plug-in shell (1), one side of the plug-in shell (1) is provided with a shell (2), and both corners of one side of the plug-in shell (1) are provided with positioning bolts (34), one side of the shell (2) is provided with an open slot (35), the open slot (35) is closed by a cover plate (3), and the shell (2) is provided with a fuse, characterized in that: The fuse comprises a shell (4) mounted in a housing (2), both ends of the shell (4) are provided with electrodes (5), and both ends of the shell (4) are provided with conductive sheets (6), the two conductive sheets (6) are electrically connected with the two electrodes (5) respectively, and a graphene sheet (7) is arranged between the two conductive sheets (6), both sides of the graphene sheet (7) are provided with memory alloy sheets (8), when the circuit is short-circuited, the temperature of the graphene sheet (7) rises when the current passes through the graphene sheet (7) and breaks, and the graphene sheet (7) conducts the temperature to the memory alloy sheet (8), the memory alloy sheet (8) makes the breaking points of the graphene sheet (7) away from each other, preventing the arc from affecting the circuit. The graphene sheet (7) comprises a lower graphene sheet (9) and an upper graphene sheet (10), and a narrow contraction area (11) is arranged between the opposite ends of the lower graphene sheet (9) and the upper graphene sheet (10). The memory alloy sheet (8) comprises a heat-conducting part (12) which is connected to one side of the graphene sheet (7) near the narrow contraction area (11), one end of the heat-conducting part (12) is integrally formed with a deformation part (13), and the other end of the deformation part (13) is connected to the inner wall of the shell (4). The graphene material fuse further comprises a warning observer, the warning observer comprises a connecting rod (15) hinged to the side of the heat-conducting part (12) away from the graphene sheet (7), the other end of the connecting rod (15) is hinged with a lower moving plate (16), the upper side of the lower moving plate (16) is connected with an upper moving plate (18) through a connecting strip (17), and one side of the lower moving plate (16) and the upper moving plate (18) is respectively provided with a normal display area (19) and an abnormal display area (20). The color of the normal display area (19) is green, representing that the circuit is normal, and the color of the abnormal display area (20) is red, representing that the circuit is abnormal. The outer wall of the shell (4) is provided with an observation port (22) which is communicated with the inside of the shell (4), and the inner wall of the shell (4) is provided with guide grooves (23) on both sides of the observation port (22), the side of the lower moving plate (16) and the upper moving plate (18) is provided with flanges (21) which are matched with the guide grooves (23), the flanges (21) are longitudinally arranged on the guide grooves (23), when the memory alloy sheet (8) is not deformed, the normal display area (19) on the lower moving plate (16) is just opposite to the position of the observation port (22), when the flanges (21) on the lower moving plate (16) slide to the bottom of the guide grooves (23), the abnormal display area (20) on the upper moving plate (18) is just opposite to the position of the observation port (22) at this time.

2. A graphene material fuse according to claim 1, wherein: The phase transition temperature of the deformation part (13) is 500 degrees, and when the deformation part (13) does not reach the phase transition temperature, the deformation part (13) bends in the direction of the graphene sheet (7), and when the deformation part (13) reaches the phase transition temperature, the deformation part (13) gradually straightens and approaches the inner wall of the shell (4).

3. The graphene material fuse of claim 1, wherein: The graphene sheet (7) is provided with insulating substrate plates (14) on both sides, the lower end of the insulating substrate plates (14) is connected to the conductive sheet (6), and the opposite end of the two insulating substrate plates (14) is arranged at a position close to the narrow contraction area (11).

4. The graphene material fuse of claim 1, wherein: The graphene material fuse further comprises a pressure relief device, the pressure relief device comprises a limiting cylinder (24) penetrating through one side of the shell (4), one end of the limiting cylinder (24) is connected with a trumpet mouth (25) in the shell (4), a piston plate (26) matched with the internal size of the limiting cylinder (24) is transversely and slidingly installed in the limiting cylinder (24), one side of the piston plate (26) is connected with a moving shaft (27), the other end of the moving shaft (27) transversely and slidingly penetrates through the inner side of one end of the limiting cylinder (24) and is connected with a rubber block (28), and a spring (29) is sleeved outside the moving shaft (27) in the limiting cylinder (24), and the two ends of the spring (29) are respectively connected with one side of the piston plate (26) and the inner side of one end of the limiting cylinder (24).

5. A graphene material fuse according to claim 4, wherein: The cover plate (3) comprises a sealing plate (30) rotatably installed on the opening groove (35) of the shell (2) through a damping rotating shaft (31), the upper end of the sealing plate (30) is provided with a handle (32), and the side of the sealing plate (30) close to the shell (2) is provided with a rubber pad (33), when the sealing plate (30) closes the shell (2), and the circuit does not occur short circuit, at this time, the rubber block (28) at one end of the moving shaft (27) is in contact with the rubber pad (33) on the sealing plate (30).

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