C3f7cn gas generating arc extinguishing material, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material comprises a first porous powder carrier with adsorbed C3F7CN and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the first porous powder carrier with adsorbed C3F7CN, the first porous powder carrier is porous gamma-Al2O3, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the first polymer film is 200-500 DEG C. When an arc occurs, the first polymer film coated on the surface of the porous gamma-Al2O3 powder carrier is melted or broken by heat decomposition, the C3F7CN adsorbed in the porous gamma-Al2O3 powder carrier is instantaneously released due to heat, so that efficient and rapid arc extinguishing effect is realized; the C3F7CN not only has excellent arc extinguishing performance, but also is more green and environmental-friendly compared with SF6. Therefore, the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material solves the application problems of high C3F7CN gas liquefaction temperature and large storage space, realizes rapid release and efficient arc extinguishing when an arc is triggered, and simultaneously has excellent environmental protection characteristics.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of arc extinguishing materials, and particularly relates to a C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In electrical and electronic equipment, gas arc extinguishing is a commonly used arc extinguishing method, and the basic principle thereof is to utilize the insulation and heat conduction characteristics of gas to quickly absorb arc energy and inhibit arc reignition, so as to realize safe and stable circuit breaking. At present, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas is widely used as an insulation and arc extinguishing medium due to its excellent insulation performance, arc extinguishing performance and chemical stability. However, SF6 is currently the strongest greenhouse gas known, and its global warming potential (GWP) is 23500 times that of CO2. With the continuous enhancement of human environmental protection consciousness, the environmental problems caused by SF6 have attracted more and more attention in the industry, and the development of environmentally friendly alternative gases with low or no greenhouse effect has been put on the agenda.

[0003] In recent years, perfluoroisobutyronitrile (C3F7CN or C4F7N) has attracted much attention as a potential SF6 alternative gas. The insulation strength thereof is about 2 times that of SF6, and the GWP thereof is only about 1 / 10 of that of SF6. Therefore, the potential of C3F7CN to replace SF6 is huge. However, the liquefaction temperature of C3F7CN at normal pressure is about -4.7℃. In order to solve the liquefaction problem at high pressure, it is necessary to mix C3F7CN with conventional gases such as CO2 and N2. In addition, in actual use, a special gas storage device is also needed, which will occupy a large space. Therefore, such gas is currently mainly suitable for arc extinguishing of large power electrical equipment, and its application in the field of small and micro electronic components is still blank.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material and a preparation method and application thereof to solve the problems of the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material and a preparation method and application thereof. The present application adopts porous γ-Al2O3 to adsorb C3F7CN gas to form a solid composite, and uses thermal decomposition to form a first polymer film with a temperature of 200-500℃ for coating. This not only solves the application problems of high liquefaction temperature and large storage space of C3F7CN gas, but also realizes rapid release and efficient arc extinguishing when the arc is triggered, and simultaneously has excellent environmental protection characteristics.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material, comprising a first porous powder carrier with adsorbed C3F7CN and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the first porous powder carrier with adsorbed C3F7CN, wherein the first porous powder carrier is porous γ-Al2O3, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the first polymer film is 200-500℃.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present application uses porous γ-Al2O3 as the adsorption carrier of C3F7CN. The unique hexagonal closest packing crystal structure of porous γ-Al2O3 endows it with excellent thermal stability and chemical stability. It also has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, and its pore size matches the size of C3F7CN molecules, which enables γ-Al2O3 to effectively load a sufficient amount of C3F7CN gas. Therefore, by adsorbing gaseous C3F7CN in the pores of γ-Al2O3 to form a solid-state composite, the conversion of gaseous C3F7CN to a solid-state composite is achieved. This solidification process not only solves the problem of space occupation for C3F7CN storage, but also improves the tendency of liquefaction under high pressure by utilizing the confinement effect of porous materials, making it applicable to small-sized electrical equipment. In addition, the porous γ-Al2O3 with adsorbed C3F7CN is coated with a first polymer film (thermal decomposition temperature of 200-500℃), which allows C3F7CN to be stored stably inside. When an arc occurs, the first polymer film coated on the surface of the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier melts or decomposes and breaks, and the C3F7CN adsorbed inside the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier is instantaneously released due to heat, thereby achieving a high-efficiency and rapid arc extinguishing effect. C3F7CN not only has excellent arc extinguishing performance, but is also more environmentally friendly than SF6. Therefore, the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of the present application not only solves the application problems of high liquefaction temperature and large storage space of C3F7CN gas, but also achieves rapid release and high-efficiency arc extinguishing when an arc is triggered, while also having excellent environmental protection properties.

[0008] Further, the particle size of the porous γ-Al2O3 of the present application is 5 nm-1 μm.

[0009] Further, the first polymer film of the present application is selected from a mixture of a thermosetting resin and a curing agent, and the thermosetting resin is at least one of an epoxy resin, chitosan and polydimethylsiloxane.

[0010] Further, the first polymer film of the present application is selected from a thermoplastic resin, and the thermoplastic resin is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyamide. The type of the first polymer film can be selected according to the specific needs of different electronic components to flexibly control the release temperature of the arc extinguishing gas.

[0011] Further, the mass ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the first polymer film is 1:5-10:1.

[0012] Correspondingly, the second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the steps include:

[0013] S1, heating and activating the first porous powder carrier to obtain an activated first porous powder carrier;

[0014] S2, placing the activated first porous powder carrier in a C3F7CN atmosphere for tumbling and stirring to obtain a first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN;

[0015] S3, dispersing the first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN in a liquid first polymer film, and then performing solidification treatment to obtain a block-shaped material;

[0016] S4, crushing the block-shaped material and then performing screen treatment to obtain the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material.

[0017] Further, the heating and activation condition in step S1 of the present application is that the heating and activation is performed under normal pressure or vacuum condition for 2-24h.

[0018] Further, in step S2 of the present application, the pressure of the C3F7CN atmosphere is 0.1-0.5MPa, and the tumbling and stirring time is 1-12h.

[0019] Correspondingly, the third aspect of the present application provides an application of the gas generating arc extinguishing material in a fuse, and the gas generating arc extinguishing material includes the above-mentioned C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material or the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of the present application can be applied in a fuse. When an arc occurs, the high temperature generated by the arc causes the first polymer film to melt or break, and the C3F7CN gas adsorbed in the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier is instantaneously released due to heating, thereby achieving high-efficiency and rapid arc extinguishing effect. The C3F7CN gas not only has excellent arc extinguishing performance, but also is more environmentally friendly compared with SF6.

[0021] Further, the gas-producing arc-extinguishing material of the present application further comprises at least one of a CO2 gas-producing arc-extinguishing material, a N2 gas-producing arc-extinguishing material and quartz sand; the CO2 gas-producing arc-extinguishing material comprises a molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with CO2 and a second high polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with CO2; the N2 gas-producing arc-extinguishing material comprises a molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a third high polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the second high polymer film and the third high polymer film is independently 200-500℃. The C3F7CN gas-producing arc-extinguishing material of the present application can also be used in combination with at least one of the CO2 gas-producing arc-extinguishing material and the N2 gas-producing arc-extinguishing material, to generate a mixed gas of C3F7CN / CO2, C3F7CN / N2 or C3F7CN / CO2 / N2 when an arc occurs, so as to save the amount of C3F7CN while ensuring the arc-extinguishing effect, thereby reducing the cost and further reducing the harm to the environment. In addition, the gas-producing arc-extinguishing material provided by the present application can also be used as a basic material in combination with conventional arc-extinguishing materials such as quartz sand, so as to realize the arc-extinguishing effect of synergistic action of multiple mechanisms (such as gas arc-extinguishing, quartz sand arc separation and metal vapor absorption, thermal decomposition or melting of the first high polymer film to absorb arc heat, etc.). Of course, the gas-producing arc-extinguishing material can also be added as a functional filler into arc-extinguishing glue to release arc-extinguishing gas when the glue is thermally decomposed, so as to enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of the traditional arc-extinguishing glue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the C3F7CN gas-producing arc-extinguishing material of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to replace the traditional SF6 gas with the more environmentally friendly C3H7CN gas and apply it to the arc-extinguishing of small electronic components, please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a C3F7CN gas-producing arc-extinguishing material, which comprises a first porous powder carrier 11 adsorbed with C3F7CN and a first high polymer film 12 coated on the surface of the first porous powder carrier 11 adsorbed with C3F7CN, and the first porous powder carrier 11 is porous γ-Al2O3, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the first high polymer film 12 is 200-500℃. The first high polymer film 12 (thermal decomposition temperature: 200-500℃) is used to coat the porous γ-Al2O3 adsorbed with C3F7CN, so that the C3F7CN is stably stored in the interior, and when an arc occurs, the first high polymer film 12 coated on the surface of the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier is melted or decomposed and broken, and the C3F7CN adsorbed in the interior of the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier is instantaneously released due to heat, thereby realizing a high-efficiency and rapid arc-extinguishing effect.

[0024] The porous γ-Al2O3 has a hexagonal closest packing crystal structure, good thermal and chemical stability, and not only has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, but also has a pore size matching the size of the C3F7CN molecules, and has good physical adsorption capacity for C3F7CN gas.

[0025] The particle size of the porous γ-Al2O3 is 5 nm to 1 μm. For example, the particle size of the porous γ-Al2O3 can be, but is not limited to, 5 nm, 20 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, or 1000 nm. Specifically, the porous γ-Al2O3 can be obtained by commercial channels.

[0026] The first polymer film is selected from a mixture of a thermosetting resin and a curing agent, and the thermosetting resin is at least one of an epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane. Specifically, the thermal decomposition temperature of the cured epoxy resin is 300-400°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the crosslinked chitosan is 200-300°C, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is 350-450°C.

[0027] The first polymer film is selected from a thermoplastic resin, and the thermoplastic resin is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyamide. Specifically, the thermal decomposition temperature of the cellulose acetate (CA) is 250-300°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is 250-350°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is 200-250°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is 350-400°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is 400-450°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is 200-300°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is 250-300°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polypropylene (PP) is 300-400°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polystyrene (PS) is 300-350°C, the thermal decomposition temperature of the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is 400-450°C, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the polyamide (PA) is 350-400°C. More specifically, the type of the first polymer film can be selected according to the specific needs of different electronic components to flexibly control the release temperature of the arc-extinguishing gas; for example, if a fast melting response is required, a low-decomposition-temperature material (such as PVB, PVC, or chitosan) can be selected; and if high mechanical strength and arc resistance are required, an epoxy resin can be selected.

[0028] The mass ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the first polymer film is 1:5-10:1. Specifically, the mass ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the first polymer film can be, but is not limited to, 1:5, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1.

[0029] The preparation method of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material is provided. The C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material is prepared by adsorbing and fixing C3F7CN in a first porous powder carrier, and then coating the first porous powder carrier with a first polymer film to store the C3F7CN stably in the interior.

[0030] The preparation method of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material includes the following steps: S1, heating and activating the first porous powder carrier to obtain an activated first porous powder carrier; S2, placing the activated first porous powder carrier in a C3F7CN atmosphere to obtain a first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN by tumbling and stirring; S3, dispersing the first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN in a liquid first polymer film, and then performing solidification treatment to obtain a block; and S4, crushing the block and then performing screen treatment to obtain the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material.

[0031] In step S1, the heating and activation conditions are as follows: heating and activation under normal pressure or vacuum conditions for 2-24 h. The heating temperature under normal pressure conditions is 300-550°C, and the heating temperature under vacuum conditions is 150-250°C. Specifically, the heating and activation time can be, but is not limited to, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 14 h, 16 h, 18 h, 20 h, 22 h, or 24 h. The heating and activation time is preferably 5-18 h, and more preferably 6-10 h. Specifically, the heating temperature under normal pressure conditions can be, but is not limited to, 300°C, 310°C, 300°C, 320°C, 350°C, 370°C, 400°C, 420°C, 440°C, 480°C, 500°C, 520°C, or 550°C. The heating temperature under normal pressure conditions is preferably 325-500°C, and more preferably 350-400°C. Specifically, the heating temperature under vacuum conditions can be, but is not limited to, 150°C, 160°C, 180°C, 190°C, 210°C, 230°C, 240°C, or 250°C. The heating temperature under vacuum conditions is preferably 150-200°C, and more preferably 150-180°C. Preferably, the heating and activation in step S1 are performed under vacuum conditions.

[0032] The pressure of the C3F7CN atmosphere in step S2 is 0.1-0.5 MPa. Specifically, the pressure of the C3F7CN atmosphere can be, but is not limited to, 0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa or 0.5 MPa. Preferably, the pressure of the C3F7CN atmosphere is 0.1-0.3 MPa, and more preferably 0.1-0.2 MPa.

[0033] The time for the tumbling stirring in step S2 is 1-12 h. Specifically, the time for the tumbling stirring can be, but is not limited to, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, 9 h, 10 h, 11 h or 12 h. Preferably, the time for the tumbling stirring is 1-8 h, and more preferably 1-3 h.

[0034] Step S2 is performed at room temperature. Room temperature generally refers to 10-30 °C.

[0035] Step S2 comprises dispersing the first porous powder carrier with adsorbed C3F7CN in the liquid first polymer film in a C3F7CN atmosphere.

[0036] The solidification treatment in step S3 needs to be adjusted according to the specific type of the first polymer film. Specifically, when the first polymer film is polyethylene or polypropylene, the first polymer film is melted to form a liquid by heating, and the solidification treatment is achieved by natural cooling to room temperature. When the first polymer film is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyamide, an organic solvent such as acetone, dimethylformamide (DMF) or tetrahydrofuran (THF) is used to dissolve the first polymer film to form a liquid, and the solidification treatment is achieved by removing the solvent by atmospheric distillation or reduced pressure distillation, with atmospheric distillation being the preferred solution. When the first polymer film is at least one of epoxy resin, chitosan and polydimethylsiloxane, a curing agent is added, and then the mixture is cured at room temperature-100 °C for 2-48 h. Specifically, the curing temperature can be, but is not limited to, 20 °C, 25 °C, 35 °C, 40 °C, 45 °C, 50 °C, 65 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C, 70 °C, 75 °C, 80 °C, 85 °C, 90 °C, 95 °C or 100 °C. The curing time can be, but is not limited to, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, 12 h, 14 h, 15 h, 19 h, 21 h, 22 h, 25 h, 28 h, 30 h, 32 h, 35 h, 38 h, 40 h, 42 h, 46 h, 47 h or 48 h. Preferably, the curing temperature is room temperature (e.g. 18-25 °C), the curing time is 12-48 h, and more preferably the curing time is 24-36 h.

[0037] Step S4 comprises crushing by using a grinder or a crusher.

[0038] The particle size of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material obtained in step S4 is 10-1000 pm; the particle size of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material is preferably 30-500 pm, and more preferably 50-150 pm.

[0039] The application further provides a gas production arc extinguishing material in a fuse, wherein the gas production arc extinguishing material comprises the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material mentioned above or the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material prepared by the preparation method of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material mentioned above.

[0040] The gas production arc extinguishing material further comprises at least one of CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material, N2 gas production arc extinguishing material and quartz sand; the CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material comprises molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with CO2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with CO2; the N2 gas production arc extinguishing material comprises molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 and a third polymer film coated on the surface of the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the second polymer film and the third polymer film is independently 200-500 DEG C.

[0041] The specific steps of the preparation method of the CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material comprise: S1b, heating and activating the molecular sieve activated powder to obtain an activated molecular sieve activated powder carrier; S2b, placing the activated molecular sieve activated powder carrier in a CO2 atmosphere and rolling and stirring to obtain molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with CO2; S3b, dispersing the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with CO2 in a liquid second polymer film, and then performing solidification treatment to obtain a block; and S4b, crushing the block and then performing screen treatment to obtain the CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material.

[0042] The molecular sieve activated powder in step S1b is selected from at least one of 4A molecular sieve activated powder, 5A molecular sieve activated powder and 13X molecular sieve activated powder. The particle size of the molecular sieve activated powder in step S1b is 200 nm-100 pm; and the particle size of the molecular sieve activated powder can be specifically but not limited to 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, 10 pm, 20 pm, 30 pm, 40 pm, 50 pm, 60 pm, 80 pm, 90 pm and 100 pm.

[0043] The step S1b comprises heating and activating under normal pressure or vacuum condition for 2-24 hours; preferably, heating and activating under vacuum condition. The heating temperature under normal pressure is 300-550°C; the heating temperature under vacuum condition is 150-250°C. Specifically, the heating and activating time can be, but is not limited to, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 14 hours, 16 hours, 18 hours, 20 hours, 22 hours, 23 hours, 24 hours; the heating and activating time is preferably 5-18 hours, and more preferably 6-10 hours. Specifically, the heating temperature under normal pressure can be, but is not limited to, 300°C, 350°C, 370°C, 400°C, 440°C, 480°C, 500°C, 520°C, 550°C; the heating temperature under normal pressure is preferably 325-500°C, and more preferably 350-400°C. Specifically, the heating temperature under vacuum condition can be, but is not limited to, 150°C, 180°C, 210°C, 230°C, 250°C; the heating temperature under vacuum condition is preferably 150-200°C; and the heating temperature under vacuum condition is more preferably 150-180°C.

[0044] In the step S2b, the pressure of the CO2 atmosphere is 0.1-1.5 MPa. Specifically, the pressure of the CO2 atmosphere can be, but is not limited to, 0.1 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.9 MPa, 1.1 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 1.5 MPa; the pressure of the CO2 atmosphere is preferably 0.2-1.2 MPa, and more preferably 0.5-1.0 MPa.

[0045] In the step S2b, the time of the tumbling stirring is 0.5-12 hours; the time of the tumbling stirring can be, but is not limited to, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3.4 hours, 4.2 hours, 5.5 hours, 7.1 hours, 8 hours, 9.5 hours, 10 hours, 12 hours; the time of the tumbling stirring is preferably 0.5-8 hours, and more preferably 0.5-3 hours.

[0046] In the step S2b, the process is carried out at room temperature; the room temperature usually refers to 10-30°C.

[0047] The second polymer film in step S3b is a thermosetting resin and a first curing agent, and the thermosetting resin is at least one of an epoxy resin, chitosan and polydimethylsiloxane. Specifically, the dispersing of the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid second polymer film in step S3b includes: adding the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder into the thermosetting resin and stirring to uniformly disperse the CO2-adsorbed carrier powder in the thermosetting resin, and then adding the first curing agent and continuing to stir to fully mix the first curing agent and the thermosetting resin. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3b includes: standing and curing at room temperature to 100℃ for 2-48h. More specifically, the curing temperature can be, but is not limited to, 18℃, 20℃, 25℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃; and the curing time can be, but is not limited to, 2h, 5h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 25h, 30h, 36h, 40h, 43h, 46h, 48h. The curing temperature is preferably room temperature (such as 18-25℃); and the curing time is preferably 12-48h, and more preferably 24-36h.

[0048] The second polymer film in step S3b is a thermosetting resin and a first curing agent, and the thermosetting resin is at least one of an epoxy resin, chitosan and polydimethylsiloxane. Specifically, the dispersing of the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid second polymer film in step S3b includes: adding the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder into the thermosetting resin and stirring to uniformly disperse the CO2-adsorbed carrier powder in the thermosetting resin, and then adding the first curing agent and continuing to stir to fully mix the first curing agent and the thermosetting resin. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3b includes: standing and curing at room temperature to 100℃ for 2-48h. More specifically, the curing temperature can be, but is not limited to, 18℃, 20℃, 25℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃; and the curing time can be, but is not limited to, 2h, 5h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 25h, 30h, 36h, 40h, 43h, 46h, 48h. The curing temperature is preferably room temperature (such as 18-25℃); and the curing time is preferably 12-48h, and more preferably 24-36h.

[0049] When the thermoplastic resin in step S3b is at least one of polyethylene and polypropylene, the dispersing of the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid second polymer film in step S3b includes: heating the thermoplastic resin to a molten state in a CO2 atmosphere, and then adding the CO2-adsorbed carrier powder and stirring to uniformly disperse. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3b of the present application includes: cooling to room temperature.

[0050] When the thermoplastic resin in step S3b is at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyamide, the dispersing of the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid second polymer film in step S3b includes: dissolving the thermoplastic resin in an organic solvent (such as acetone, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, etc.) to form a homogeneous solution in a CO2 atmosphere, and then adding the CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder into the homogeneous solution and stirring to uniformly disperse. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3b includes: removing the organic solvent by atmospheric distillation or reduced pressure distillation, and the atmospheric distillation is preferred.

[0051] The mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder in step S3b to the second high polymer film is 1:5-10:1. Specifically, the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder to the second high polymer film can be, but is not limited to, 1:5, 1:4, 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.8, 1:0.5, 1:0.3, 1:0.2, 1:0.1. The mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder to the second high polymer film is preferably 1:1-10:1, and more preferably 5:1-10:1.

[0052] The step S4b includes crushing by using a grinder or a crusher.

[0053] The particle size of the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material obtained in step S4b is 10-1000 μm. The particle size of the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material is preferably 30-500 μm, and more preferably 50-150 μm.

[0054] The specific steps of the preparation method of the N2-generating arc extinguishing material include: S1c, heating and activating the molecular sieve activated powder to obtain an activated molecular sieve activated powder carrier; S2c, placing the activated molecular sieve activated powder carrier in an N2 atmosphere and stirring to obtain a molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2; S3c, dispersing the molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with N2 in a liquid third high polymer film, and then performing solidification treatment to obtain a block; and S4c, crushing the block and then performing screen treatment to obtain the N2-generating arc extinguishing material.

[0055] The molecular sieve activated powder in step S1c is selected from 13X molecular sieve activated powder or 5A molecular sieve activated powder.

[0056] The particle size of the molecular sieve activated powder in step S1c is 100 nm-100 μm. Specifically, the particle size can be, but is not limited to, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, or 100 μm. The particle size of the molecular sieve activated powder is preferably 1-20 μm, and more preferably 1-10 μm.

[0057] The step S1c comprises heating and activating under normal pressure or vacuum condition for 2-24 hours. The heating time can be, but is not limited to, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, 12 hours, 14 hours, 16 hours, 18 hours, 20 hours, 22 hours, 24 hours. The heating time is preferably 5-15 hours, and more preferably 6-8 hours. More specifically, for the normal pressure condition, the heating temperature is 300-600 DEG C. Specifically, the heating temperature can be, but is not limited to, 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 450 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 550 DEG C, 600 DEG C. The heating temperature is preferably 300-500 DEG C, and more preferably 350-400 DEG C. For the vacuum condition, the heating temperature is 150-250 DEG C. Specifically, the heating temperature can be, but is not limited to, 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 180 DEG C, 190 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 210 DEG C, 220 DEG C, 230 DEG C, 240 DEG C, 250 DEG C. The heating temperature is preferably 150-200 DEG C, and more preferably 150-180 DEG C. The heating is preferably performed under vacuum condition.

[0058] In step S2c, the pressure of N2 atmosphere is 0.05-0.3 MPa. Specifically, the pressure of N2 atmosphere can be, but is not limited to, 0.05 MPa, 0.06 MPa, 0.07 MPa, 0.08 MPa, 0.09 MPa, 0.1 MPa, 0.15 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.25 MPa, 0.3 MPa. The pressure of N2 atmosphere is preferably 0.1-0.25 MPa, and more preferably 0.1-0.15 MPa.

[0059] In step S2c, the time for rolling stirring is 0.5-12 hours. The time for rolling stirring can be, but is not limited to, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.4 hours, 4 hours, 4.2 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 7.1 hours, 7.5 hours, 8 hours, 8.5 hours, 9.0 hours, 9.5 hours, 10 hours, 10.5 hours, 11 hours, 11.5 hours, 12 hours. The time for rolling stirring is preferably 0.5-8 hours, and more preferably 0.5-3 hours.

[0060] In step S2c, the process is performed at room temperature. The room temperature usually refers to 10 DEG C-30 DEG C.

[0061] In step S3c, the third polymer membrane is a thermosetting resin and a second curing agent. The thermosetting resin is at least one of epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane. Specifically, dispersing the N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid third polymer membrane in step S3c includes: adding the N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder to the thermosetting resin and stirring until uniformly dispersed to ensure the N2-adsorbed carrier powder is uniformly dispersed in the thermosetting resin; then adding the second curing agent and continuing stirring to ensure the second curing agent is fully and uniformly mixed with the thermosetting resin. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3c includes: standing curing at room temperature to 100°C for 2 to 48 hours. More specifically, the curing temperature can be, but is not limited to, 18℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 85℃, 90℃, and 100℃; the curing time can be, but is not limited to, 2h, 3h, 5h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 22h, 25h, 28h, 30h, 32h, 34h, 36h, 38h, 40h, 43h, 45h, 46h, and 48h. The curing temperature is preferably room temperature (e.g., 18~25℃); the curing time is preferably 12~48h, and more preferably 24~36h.

[0062] In step S3c, the third polymer film is a thermoplastic resin, which is selected from at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyamide.

[0063] In step S3c, when the thermoplastic resin is selected from at least one of polyethylene and polypropylene, dispersing the N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid third polymer membrane in step S3c includes: heating the thermoplastic resin to a molten state in an N2 atmosphere, then adding the N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder, and stirring until homogeneous. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3c of the present invention includes: cooling to room temperature.

[0064] In step S3c, when the thermoplastic resin is selected from at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyamide, dispersing the N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder in the liquid third polymer membrane in step S3c includes: dissolving the thermoplastic resin in an organic solvent (such as acetone, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, etc.) in an N2 atmosphere to form a homogeneous solution, and then adding the N2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder to the homogeneous solution in an N2 atmosphere and stirring until homogeneous. Specifically, the curing treatment in step S3c includes: removing the organic solvent by atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation, preferably atmospheric distillation.

[0065] The mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder in step S3c to the third high polymer film is 1:5-10:1. Specifically, the mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder to the third high polymer film can be, but is not limited to, 1:5, 1:4, 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.8, 1:0.5, 1:0.3, 1:0.2, 1:0.1. The mass ratio of the molecular sieve activated powder to the third high polymer film is preferably 1:1-10:1, and more preferably 5:1-10:1.

[0066] The step S4c includes crushing by using a grinder or a crusher.

[0067] The particle size of the N2 gas production arc extinguishing material obtained in step S4c is 10-1000 μm. The particle size of the N2 gas production arc extinguishing material is preferably 30-500 μm, and more preferably 50-150 μm.

[0068] Specifically, the application also provides the application of the gas production arc extinguishing material in a fuse. The gas production arc extinguishing material can be composed of the above-mentioned C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material alone, or obtained by mechanically mixing the above-mentioned C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material and the above-mentioned CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material, specifically, the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material to the CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material is 1:1-1:10; or obtained by mechanically mixing the above-mentioned C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material and the above-mentioned N2 gas production arc extinguishing material, specifically, the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material to the N2 gas production arc extinguishing material is 1:1-1:10; or obtained by mechanically mixing the above-mentioned C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material, the above-mentioned CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material and the above-mentioned N2 gas production arc extinguishing material, specifically, the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material, the CO2 gas production arc extinguishing material and the N2 gas production arc extinguishing material is 1:1-3:1-3; or obtained by mechanically mixing the above-mentioned C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material and quartz sand, specifically, the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material to the quartz sand is 1-3:1-3.

[0069] To explain the technical content and the achieved technical effects of the application in detail, the following further describes the embodiments. All reagents in the examples and comparative examples can be obtained from the market.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] The present embodiment provides a gas production arc extinguishing material, which is a C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material. The C3F7CN gas production arc extinguishing material includes porous γ-Al2O3 adsorbed with C3F7CN and a first high polymer film coated on the surface of the porous γ-Al2O3 adsorbed with C3F7CN. The average particle size of the porous γ-Al2O3 is 200 nm. The first high polymer film is a mixture of an epoxy resin and a curing agent. The ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is 1:1.

[0072] The preparation method of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

[0073] (1) Put the porous γ-Al2O3 powder (purchased from Beijing Gguang Yingchuang Technology Co., Ltd., with an average particle size of 200 nm) into a vacuum drying box, heat under vacuum and at 150°C for 8 h to obtain activated porous γ-Al2O3 powder;

[0074] (2) Put the activated porous γ-Al2O3 powder into a C3F7CN atmosphere (C3F7CN gas pressure is 0.1 MPa) at room temperature and roll and stir for 2 h to obtain porous γ-Al2O3 powder adsorbed with C3F7CN;

[0075] (3) Add the porous γ-Al2O3 powder adsorbed with C3F7CN into epoxy resin (bisphenol A type epoxy resin E-51), stir uniformly, then add curing agent (triethylenetetramine), stir uniformly again, and then cure at room temperature for 24 h to obtain a block, wherein the ratio of the mass of the porous γ-Al2O3 powder to the sum of the masses of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 10:1;

[0076] (4) Crush the block into fine powder using a crusher, and then screen out powder particles with a particle size of 50-150 μm using 100-mesh and 300-mesh screens in sequence, thereby obtaining the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of the present embodiment.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] The present embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference between the two is that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the masses of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 2 is 2:1.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] The present embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference between the two is that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the masses of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 3 is 3:1.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] The present embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 1, and the only difference between the two is that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the masses of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 4 is 4:1.

[0083] Example 5

[0084] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 5 is 5:1.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 6 is 6:1.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 7 is 7:1.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 8 is 8:1.

[0091] Example 9

[0092] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 9 is 9:1.

[0093] Example 10

[0094] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 10 is 10:1.

[0095] Example 11

[0096] The present example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 1, with the only difference being that the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent in Example 10 is 10:1.

[0097] The preparation steps of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material include:

[0098] (1) The 13X molecular sieve activated powder (purchased from Dalian Haixin Chemical Co., Ltd., particle size of 2-3 μm) was placed in a vacuum drying box and heated at 150°C for 10 h under vacuum conditions to obtain activated molecular sieve activated powder;

[0099] (2) The activated molecular sieve activated powder is placed in a CO2 atmosphere (CO2 gas pressure is 0.5 MPa) at 25°C and rolled and stirred for 2 h to obtain CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder;

[0100] (3) The CO2-adsorbed molecular sieve activated powder is added to an epoxy resin (bisphenol A type epoxy resin E-51), stirred uniformly, and then a first curing agent (triethylenetetramine) is added, stirred uniformly again, and cured at room temperature for 24 h to obtain a block, wherein the mass ratio of the 13X molecular sieve activated powder to the sum of the masses of the epoxy resin and the first curing agent is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the first curing agent is 10:1;

[0101] (4) The block is crushed by a crusher to obtain fine powder, and then a 100-mesh and a 300-mesh screen are used to screen out powder particles with a particle size of 50-150 μm, thereby obtaining the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material of the present example.

[0102] Example 12

[0103] The present example provides a CO2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 11, and the only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 12 is 2:1.

[0104] Example 13

[0105] The present example provides a CO2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 11, and the only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 13 is 3:1.

[0106] Example 14

[0107] The present example provides a CO2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 11, and the only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 14 is 4:1.

[0108] Example 15

[0109] The present example provides a CO2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 11, and the only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the CO2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 15 is 5:1.

[0110] Example 16

[0111] This embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 11, with the only difference being that the mass ratio of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 16 is 6:1.

[0112] Example 17

[0113] This embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 11, with the only difference being that the mass ratio of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 17 is 7:1.

[0114] Example 18

[0115] This embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 11, with the only difference being that the mass ratio of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 18 is 8:1.

[0116] Example 19

[0117] This embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 11, with the only difference being that the mass ratio of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 19 is 9:1.

[0118] Example 20

[0119] This embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 11, with the only difference being that the mass ratio of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 20 is 10:1.

[0120] Example 21

[0121] This embodiment provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 11, with the only difference being that the mass ratio of the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 20 is 10:1.

[0122] The preparation steps of the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material include:

[0123] (1) The 5A molecular sieve activated powder (purchased from Dalian Haixin Chemical Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 2-3 μm) is heated under vacuum conditions at 150°C for 8 h to obtain heated and activated molecular sieve activated powder;

[0124] (2) The heated and activated molecular sieve activated powder is continuously stirred and rolled in an N2 atmosphere at 0.3 MPa at room temperature for 2 h to fully adsorb N2 to saturation, thereby obtaining molecular sieve activated powder with adsorbed N2;

[0125] (3) The activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2 is added into the epoxy resin (bisphenol A type epoxy resin E-51), and after being stirred uniformly, a third curing agent (triethylenetetramine) is added, and after being stirred uniformly again, a block is prepared by curing at room temperature for 24 h, wherein the ratio of the mass of the activated molecular sieve powder to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the third curing agent is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the third curing agent is 10:1;

[0126] (4) The block is crushed by a crusher to obtain fine powder, and then powder particles with a particle size of 50-150 μm are screened out by using 100-mesh and 300-mesh screens in sequence, thereby obtaining the N2-generating arc extinguishing material of the present embodiment.

[0127] Example 22

[0128] The present embodiment provides an N2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 21, except that the mass ratio of the N2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 22 is 2:1.

[0129] Example 23

[0130] The present embodiment provides an N2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 21, except that the mass ratio of the N2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 23 is 3:1.

[0131] Example 24

[0132] The present embodiment provides an N2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 21, except that the mass ratio of the N2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 24 is 4:1.

[0133] Example 25

[0134] The present embodiment provides an N2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 21, except that the mass ratio of the N2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 25 is 5:1.

[0135] Example 26

[0136] The present embodiment provides an N2-generating arc extinguishing material which is basically the same as that of Example 21, except that the mass ratio of the N2-generating arc extinguishing material to the C3F7CN-generating arc extinguishing material of Example 26 is 6:1.

[0137] Example 27

[0138] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is basically the same as that in Embodiment 21. The only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in Embodiment 27 is 7:1.

[0139] Example 28

[0140] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is basically the same as that in Embodiment 21. The only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in Embodiment 28 is 8:1.

[0141] Example 29

[0142] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is basically the same as that in Embodiment 21. The only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in Embodiment 29 is 9:1.

[0143] Example 30

[0144] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is basically the same as that in Embodiment 21. The only difference between the two is that the mass ratio of the N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material and the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in Embodiment 30 is 10:1.

[0145] Example 31

[0146] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is prepared by mechanically mixing C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, CO2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, and N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; wherein the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material is exactly the same as that in Example 1, the CO2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material is exactly the same as that in Example 11, and the N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material is exactly the same as that in Example 21.

[0147] Example 32

[0148] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 31. The only difference is that the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, CO2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, and N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in embodiment 32 is 1:2:1.

[0149] Example 33

[0150] This embodiment provides a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 31. The only difference is that the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, CO2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, and N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in embodiment 33 is 1:1:2.

[0151] Example 34

[0152] This example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 31, except that the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material, the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 34 is 1:2:2.

[0153] Example 35

[0154] This example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 31, except that the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material, the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 35 is 1:3:2.

[0155] Example 36

[0156] This example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 31, except that the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material, the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 36 is 1:2:3.

[0157] Example 37

[0158] This example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is substantially the same as that of Example 31, except that the mass ratio of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material, the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material of Example 37 is 1:3:3.

[0159] Example 38

[0160] This example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material which is prepared by mechanically mixing a C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material and SiO2 solid particles having a particle size of 50 to 150 μm in a mass ratio of 1:1; wherein the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material is exactly the same as that of Example 1.

[0161] Comparative Example 1

[0162] This comparative example provides an arc extinguishing material which includes porous γ-Al2O3 and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the porous γ-Al2O3, the average particle size of the porous γ-Al2O3 is 200 nm, the first polymer film is a mixture of an epoxy resin and a curing agent, and the ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is 1:1.

[0163] The steps of the preparation method of the gas generating arc extinguishing material of this comparative example include:

[0164] (1) Put the porous γ-Al2O3 powder (purchased from Beijing Guitian Yinchuang Technology Co., Ltd., average particle size 200 nm) in a vacuum drying oven, heat under vacuum and at 150°C for 8 h to obtain activated porous γ-Al2O3 powder;

[0165] (2) Add the activated porous γ-Al2O3 powder to the epoxy resin (bisphenol A type epoxy resin E-51), stir until uniform, then add the curing agent (triethylenetetramine), stir again until uniform, and then cure at room temperature for 24 h to obtain a block, wherein the ratio of the mass of the porous γ-Al2O3 powder to the sum of the masses of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 10:1;

[0166] (3) Grind the block into fine powder using a grinder, then successively pass the powder through 100-mesh and 300-mesh screens to obtain powder particles with a particle size of 50-150 μm, thereby obtaining the arc extinguishing material of this comparative example.

[0167] Comparative Example 2

[0168] This comparative example provides an arc extinguishing material, which is SiO2 solid particles with a particle size of 50-150 μm.

[0169] Comparative Example 3

[0170] This comparative example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material, which is a CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material is identical to that in Example 11.

[0171] Comparative Example 4

[0172] This comparative example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material, which is a N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, and the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material is identical to that in Example 21.

[0173] Comparative Example 5

[0174] This comparative example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material, which is prepared by mechanically mixing a CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material and a N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material in a mass ratio of 1:1, the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material is identical to that in Example 11, and the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material is identical to that in Example 21.

[0175] Comparative Example 6

[0176] The comparative example provides a gas generating arc extinguishing material, which is a C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material. The C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material comprises 5A molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with C3F7CN and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the 5A molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with C3F7CN. The average particle size of the 5A molecular sieve activated powder is 2-3 μm. The first polymer film is a mixture of epoxy resin and curing agent. The ratio of the 5A molecular sieve activated powder to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is 1:1.

[0177] The steps of the preparation method of the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of the comparative example include:

[0178] (1) The 5A molecular sieve activated powder (purchased from Dalian Haixin Chemical Co., Ltd., with an average particle size of 2-3 μm) is placed in a vacuum drying box and heated at 150°C for 8 h under vacuum conditions to obtain activated 5A molecular sieve activated powder.

[0179] (2) The activated 5A molecular sieve activated powder is placed in a C3F7CN atmosphere (C3F7CN gas pressure is 0.1 MPa) at room temperature and stirred for 2 h to obtain 5A molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with C3F7CN.

[0180] (3) The 5A molecular sieve activated powder adsorbed with C3F7CN is added to the epoxy resin (bisphenol A type epoxy resin E-51). After uniform stirring, the curing agent (triethylenetetramine) is added. After uniform stirring, the block is cured at room temperature for 24 h. The ratio of the mass of the 5A molecular sieve activated powder to the sum of the mass of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is 1:1. The mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 10:1.

[0181] (4) The block is crushed into fine powder using a pulverizer. The powder particles with a particle size of 50-150 μm are sieved out using 100-mesh and 300-mesh sieves, respectively, to obtain the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material of the comparative example.

[0182] The arc extinguishing materials of Examples 1-38 and Comparative Examples 1-6 are filled into fuses and coated on the alloy melt of the fuses. The rated voltage of the fuse is 150 VDC, and the rated current is 200 A.

[0183] The above fuses are tested for arc suppression performance according to standards GB / T31465 2015 and GB / T31465 2017. The test instruments are a short-circuit test platform (DL10KV 100), a megohmmeter (AR3127), a direct current programmable power supply (IT6932A), and a 6-digit half-ohmmeter (34401A). The test environment temperature is 20°C, and the humidity is 46% RH. The arc time of the fuses of Examples 1-38 and Comparative Examples 1-6 is shown in Table 1.

[0184] Table 1. Arcing time test results of the fuses of various examples and comparative examples

[0185]

[0186] As can be seen from Table 1, when the arc occurs, the arc extinguishing gas generating materials of Examples 1-38 can all generate C3F7CN gas, which plays a role in rapidly extinguishing the arc, which shows that the present application uses the first polymer film (heat decomposition temperature of 200-500°C) to coat the porous γ-Al2O3 which has adsorbed C3F7CN, so that the C3F7CN is stably stored inside, when the arc occurs, the first polymer film coated on the surface of the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier melts or decomposes and breaks, the C3F7CN adsorbed inside the porous γ-Al2O3 powder carrier is instantaneously released due to heat, thereby achieving a high-efficiency and rapid arc extinguishing effect.

[0187] Comparing Examples 1, 11-37 and Comparative Examples 3-5, it can be seen that when the C3F7CN gas generating arc extinguishing material is used in combination with the CO2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, the N2 gas generating arc extinguishing material, etc., C3F7CN / CO2, C3F7CN / N2, C3F7CN / CO2 / N2, etc. mixed gas can be generated at high temperature, which also has excellent arc extinguishing effect, which is superior to the case of using CO2 gas generating material or N2 gas generating material alone.

[0188] Comparing Example 38 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that when the C3F7CN gas generating material is used in combination with the traditional arc extinguishing material quartz sand (SiO2), the arc extinguishing performance of the SiO2 arc extinguishing material can be significantly improved.

[0189] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that not all porous adsorption materials can effectively load sufficient C3F7CN gas, i.e., the present application uses porous γ-Al2O3 as the adsorption carrier of C3F7CN, which has excellent thermal stability and chemical stability due to its unique hexagonal closest packing crystal structure; it also has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, and its pore size matches the size of the C3F7CN molecule, which enables the γ-Al2O3 to effectively load sufficient C3F7CN gas.

[0190] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited to the examples listed in the embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A C3F7CN gas-generating arc-quenching material, characterized in that, The invention comprises a first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN and a first polymer film coated on the surface of the first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN. The first porous powder carrier is porous γ-Al2O3, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the first polymer film is 200~500℃. The first polymer film coated on the surface of the first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN is obtained by dispersing the first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN in a liquid first polymer film and then performing a curing treatment.

2. The C3F7CN gas-generating arc-quenching material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porous γ-Al2O3 has a particle size of 5 nm to 1 μm.

3. The C3F7CN gas-generating arc-quenching material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first polymer film is selected from a mixture of thermosetting resin and curing agent, wherein the thermosetting resin is at least one of epoxy resin, chitosan and polydimethylsiloxane.

4. The C3F7CN gas-generating arc-quenching material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first polymer film is selected from thermoplastic resins, and the thermoplastic resin is selected from at least one of cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyamide.

5. The C3F7CN gas-generating arc-quenching material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the porous γ-Al2O3 to the first polymer membrane is 1:5 to 10:

1.

6. A method for preparing the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-quenching material as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the step... include: S1. The first porous powder carrier is activated by heating to obtain the activated first porous powder carrier. S2. The activated first porous powder carrier is placed in a C3F7CN atmosphere and tumbled and stirred to obtain a first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN. S3. The first porous powder carrier adsorbed with C3F7CN is dispersed in a liquid first polymer membrane, and then solidified to obtain a block. S4. The block material is crushed and then screened to obtain C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material.

7. The preparation method of the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heating activation conditions described in step S1 are: heating and activating under normal pressure or vacuum for 2~24 hours.

8. The preparation method of the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure of the C3F7CN atmosphere in step S2 is 0.1~0.5MPa; the tumbling and stirring time is 1~12h.

9. The application of a gas-generating arc-extinguishing material in a fuse, characterized in that, The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material includes the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material prepared by the preparation method of the C3F7CN gas-generating arc-extinguishing material as described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. The application as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The gas-generating arc-extinguishing material further includes at least one of CO2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material, and quartz sand; the CO2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material includes activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with CO2 and a second polymer film coated on the surface of the activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with CO2; the N2 gas-generating arc-extinguishing material includes activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2 and a third polymer film coated on the surface of the activated molecular sieve powder adsorbed with N2, wherein the thermal decomposition temperature of the second polymer film and the third polymer film are each independently 200~500℃.

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