Laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method and system integrated with temperature control feedback and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting thermal deformation restraining method and system integrated with temperature control feedback and a medium, and relates to the technical field of laser cutting. The method comprises the steps that a first power instruction is issued to a driving power source to provide constant-current driving according to the driving power source of a laser and a preset cutting task; the temperature of a cutting molten pool is collected under the first frequency response requirement, power correction analysis is conducted according to a preset target temperature interval, a first power correction signal is generated, the output power of a laser is dynamically adjusted, and the cutting speed, the auxiliary gas flow or the cooling intensity are cooperatively adjusted; local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected under the second frequency response requirement, the heat accumulation degree of the heat affected area is analyzed, and decision and control of area jumping, speed adjustment or cooling insertion are executed. The technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control in the laser cutting process in the prior art is solved, and the technical effects of effectively inhibiting thermal deformation in the laser cutting process and improving the cutting quality and precision are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and more specifically to a method, system, and medium for suppressing thermal deformation in laser cutting with integrated temperature control feedback. Background Technology

[0002] During laser cutting, the high-energy laser beam causes localized temperature increases in the workpiece, leading to thermal deformation. Inaccurate temperature control can result in an excessively large heat-affected zone or excessive heat accumulation, causing deformation, dimensional deviations, and a decrease in cutting quality. This problem is particularly pronounced in precision cutting or cutting thin materials. Existing temperature control methods typically rely on adjusting laser power and cooling, but lack real-time feedback and precise control, failing to respond promptly to the constantly changing temperature distribution during cutting. Ultimately, this results in ineffective suppression of thermal deformation, affecting cutting accuracy and finished product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, system, and medium for suppressing thermal deformation in laser cutting with integrated temperature control feedback, which is used to address the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control during laser cutting in the prior art.

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method, system and medium for suppressing thermal deformation in laser cutting with integrated temperature control feedback.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a method for suppressing thermal deformation in laser cutting with integrated temperature control feedback, the method comprising: Based on the laser's driving power supply and the preset cutting task, the laser's controller sends a first power command to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive; under the first frequency response requirement, the temperature of the cutting molten pool is collected in real time, and power correction analysis is performed according to the preset target temperature range to generate a first power correction signal, which is input to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser and coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; under the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time, the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone is analyzed, and decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gaps are executed, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0006] A second aspect of this application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system with integrated temperature control feedback, the system comprising: The instruction issuing module is used to issue a first power instruction to the drive power supply to provide constant current drive based on the laser's drive power supply and preset cutting task; the dynamic adjustment module is used to collect the cutting molten pool temperature in real time under the first frequency response requirement, perform power correction analysis according to the preset target temperature range, generate a first power correction signal input to the drive power supply, dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; the decision control module is used to collect the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under the second frequency response requirement, analyze the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and execute decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0007] A third aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback provided in this application.

[0008] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This application, based on the laser's driving power supply and a preset cutting task, involves the laser controller issuing a first power command to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive; real-time acquisition of the molten pool temperature under a first frequency response requirement, performing power correction analysis according to a preset target temperature range, generating a first power correction signal input to the driving power supply, dynamically adjusting the laser's output power, and coordinating adjustments to the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; real-time acquisition of the workpiece's local temperature field distribution under a second frequency response requirement, analyzing the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and executing decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement. This invention solves the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control during laser cutting in the prior art. By real-time adjustment of laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity, combined with local temperature field distribution analysis and heat-affected zone control, it achieves the technical effect of effectively suppressing thermal deformation and improving cutting quality and precision during laser cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the process for a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system with integrated temperature control feedback provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0011] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: Command issuance module 11, dynamic adjustment module 12, decision control module 13. Detailed Implementation

[0012] This application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method, system, and medium with integrated temperature control feedback. It addresses the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control during laser cutting in the prior art. By adjusting the laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity in real time, combined with local temperature field distribution analysis and heat-affected zone control, it achieves the technical effect of effectively suppressing thermal deformation and improving cutting quality and precision during laser cutting.

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] It should be noted that any variation of the terms "comprising" and "having" is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0015] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback, the method comprising: Step S100: Based on the laser's driving power supply and the preset cutting task, the laser's controller sends a first power command to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive.

[0016] Furthermore, the method provided in the application embodiments also includes: The drive power supply includes a power factor correction circuit, an isolated DC-DC converter circuit, and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuit.

[0017] In this embodiment, the laser controller first generates and sends a first power command to the drive power supply based on the laser's driving power supply and a preset cutting task. The preset cutting task includes parameters such as cutting path, power, and cutting speed, which are preset by technical experts before cutting based on the workpiece's material, thickness, and cutting requirements. The laser controller sends the first power command to the drive power supply to provide constant current drive based on these preset task parameters.

[0018] The drive power supply is responsible for converting the input power into a stable DC constant current output to drive the laser to work normally. To ensure that the laser's output current is stable and meets the requirements of the cutting task, the drive power supply includes a power factor correction circuit, an isolated DC-DC converter circuit, and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuit.

[0019] Power factor correction (PFC) circuits in drive power supplies improve energy efficiency. By adjusting the phase of the input current, they align the current and voltage waveforms, reducing reactive power loss and ensuring efficient operation of the power system. Isolated DC-DC converter circuits convert the input AC power to DC voltage and use electrical isolation technology to prevent high-voltage power from affecting other parts of the system. Multiphase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuits step down and regulate the DC voltage to a precise constant current output, ensuring a stable and continuous current supply to the laser. The Buck circuit, through efficient current regulation, stably converts the input voltage to a constant current suitable for laser operation, ensuring accurate and stable laser output power during laser cutting, unaffected by current fluctuations.

[0020] Step S200: Under the first frequency response requirement, the temperature of the cutting molten pool is collected in real time, and power correction analysis is performed according to the preset target temperature range. A first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser and coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate or cooling intensity.

[0021] In this embodiment, the first frequency response requirement refers to the response speed and frequency to temperature changes, requiring rapid acquisition and adjustment of temperature data within a short time. The first frequency response requirement is preset, for example, it can be 20kHz.

[0022] Under the first frequency response requirement, the temperature of the molten pool is acquired in real time using a coaxial dual-color pyrometer, and the acquired temperature is compared with the preset target temperature range to calculate the temperature error. This error is then input into a PID controller, which uses a PID algorithm to generate a correction signal for the laser power, serving as the first power correction signal. This correction signal is sent to the drive power supply to dynamically adjust the laser's output power, ensuring that the molten pool temperature is maintained within the preset target range. Simultaneously, the system also trains empirical relationships between laser power and cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity based on historical cutting data. These empirical relationships are used to calculate the first power correction signal, thereby generating control parameters for cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity, achieving coordinated control of laser power and other cutting parameters.

[0023] Furthermore, the method provided in the application embodiment, which involves real-time acquisition of the cutting molten pool temperature under the first frequency response requirement and power correction analysis according to a preset target temperature range, also includes: The temperature of the cutting molten pool is acquired in real time using a coaxial dual-color pyrometer; the temperature of the cutting molten pool is compared with the preset target temperature range to calculate the temperature error; the temperature error is input into a PID controller to generate a correction signal for the laser power, which serves as the first power correction signal.

[0024] In this embodiment, the temperature of the molten pool is first acquired in real time using a coaxial dual-color pyrometer. This coaxial dual-color pyrometer utilizes the principle of dual-color temperature measurement, calculating the molten pool temperature by collecting radiation light of different wavelengths emitted from the molten pool. Due to its coaxial design, it directly measures the temperature of the cutting area without interference from ambient light, thus providing accurate temperature data.

[0025] The collected molten pool temperature is then compared with a preset target temperature range. This preset target temperature range is determined by matching the material type, thickness, and cutting speed of the workpiece against a historical standard database. For example, it might be set to 1800℃ ± 10℃ to ensure the molten pool temperature remains within the optimal range, preventing excessively high temperatures from causing thermal deformation or excessively low temperatures from affecting cutting quality. The comparison determines whether the temperature is within the preset target temperature range. If a deviation exists, the temperature error, i.e., the difference between the molten pool temperature and the preset target temperature range, is calculated.

[0026] The calculated temperature error is then input into the PID controller. The PID controller regulates the temperature using proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) algorithms. The proportional component adjusts the laser power based on the current temperature error, the integral component corrects for long-term temperature deviations, and the derivative component predicts future temperature trends based on the rate of temperature change, thereby adjusting the power output response speed. This process generates the first power correction signal, which is the instruction to adjust the laser power to correct the temperature deviation of the molten pool.

[0027] Finally, the first power correction signal generated by the PID controller is transmitted to the drive power supply, which adjusts the output power of the laser according to the signal.

[0028] Furthermore, the method provided in the application embodiments also includes: The preset target temperature range is determined by matching the material type, thickness, and cutting speed of the workpiece in a historical standard database.

[0029] In this embodiment, the preset target temperature range is determined by matching parameters such as the material type, thickness, and cutting speed of the workpiece from a historical standard database. Specifically, the material type, thickness, and cutting speed of the current preset cutting task are first compared with historical cutting data stored in the database. Each historical record contains corresponding cutting conditions and a target temperature range. The similarity between the parameters of the current preset cutting task and the cutting parameters of each record in the historical standard database is calculated using a cosine similarity calculation method. Finally, the historical record most similar to the current task is selected, and the target temperature range corresponding to that record is taken as the preset target temperature range.

[0030] Furthermore, in the method provided in the application embodiments, generating a first power correction signal and inputting it to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and coordinating the adjustment of the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity, further includes: Historical laser cutting data of the workpiece is collected, and a first empirical relationship between laser power and cutting speed, a second empirical relationship between laser power and auxiliary gas flow rate, and a third empirical relationship between laser power and cooling intensity are trained. The first power correction signal is calculated based on the first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship, and the third empirical relationship to generate control parameters for cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity, and coordinated control is performed during power correction.

[0031] In this embodiment, historical laser cutting data of the workpiece is first collected from a historical database. The historical database contains detailed records of multiple cutting tasks, including parameters such as material type, thickness, cutting speed, laser power, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity of different workpieces.

[0032] Next, a primary empirical relationship between laser power and cutting speed is trained using regression analysis or other machine learning methods. In this process, laser power and cutting speed from historical laser cutting data are used as input variables, and the relationship between them is quantified through methods such as regression analysis. For example, historical data suggests that when laser power increases, the cutting speed should be appropriately reduced to maintain cutting quality. Regression analysis will help determine the specific relationship between the two, yielding the primary empirical relationship.

[0033] Similarly, a second empirical relationship between laser power and assist gas flow rate is trained. By analyzing the variation patterns between laser power and assist gas flow rate in historical data, the empirical relationship between the two is derived through regression analysis or other methods. For example, when the laser power increases, the assist gas flow rate needs to be increased accordingly to maintain the cutting effect. This relationship is quantified through regression analysis to obtain the second empirical relationship.

[0034] Similarly, a third empirical relationship between laser power and cooling intensity was established. By using historical data on laser power and cooling intensity, regression analysis and other methods were employed to derive the relationship between the two. Historical data indicates that as laser power increases, cooling intensity should also increase to prevent overheating of the molten pool, thereby ensuring cutting quality. This relationship was quantified through regression analysis, resulting in the third empirical relationship.

[0035] The first power correction signal is then calculated using the first, second, and third empirical relationships. When laser power needs to be adjusted, the changes in cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity are calculated using the previously obtained empirical relationships. For example, if a temperature error requires an increase in laser power, the corresponding reduction in cutting speed is calculated using the first empirical relationship, the increase in auxiliary gas flow rate is based on the second empirical relationship, and the increase in cooling intensity is based on the third empirical relationship.

[0036] Finally, based on the calculated control parameters of cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity, coordinated control is implemented during power correction. For example, when an increase in laser power is required, the cutting speed may decrease, while the gas flow rate and cooling intensity will increase accordingly to maintain temperature stability in the cutting area. This coordinated control ensures that various parameters in the laser cutting process work in harmony, thereby optimizing temperature control, reducing thermal deformation, and improving cutting accuracy.

[0037] Step S300: Under the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time, the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone is analyzed, and decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gaps are executed. The first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0038] In this embodiment of the application, during the laser cutting process, the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement. The second frequency response requirement is also preset, for example, 1kHz.

[0039] Under the second frequency response requirement, the cutting area is first scanned using a thermal imager to generate local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece. Next, based on this local temperature field distribution information, regions with consistent temperature fields are merged, and the heat accumulation in each local area is estimated. Based on the obtained heat accumulation, the distribution of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is identified. By analyzing the temperature field data, it is determined which areas belong to the HAZ. Based on the distribution of the HAZ and the heat accumulation in each area, a decision is made regarding whether to skip zones, adjust the speed, or insert cooling. For example, when heat accumulation is severe in some areas, the heat input is reduced by decreasing the cutting speed (i.e., speed adjustment), or the temperature of the overheated area is reduced by increasing the cooling intensity (e.g., increasing coolant or gas flow rate). Skipping zones means skipping certain overheated areas to avoid overheating in these areas and ensure cutting quality.

[0040] Through these steps, thermal control during the cutting process becomes more stable and the response time is longer under the second frequency response requirement, which is suitable for avoiding the impact of long-term heat accumulation on cutting quality. This lower frequency response (e.g., 1 kHz) allows for temperature adjustment at different stages of the cutting process, thereby avoiding overheating areas from adversely affecting cutting quality.

[0041] Furthermore, the method provided in the application embodiment, which involves real-time acquisition of the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece under the second frequency response requirement, analysis of the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and execution of decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gaps, also includes: The cutting area is scanned using a thermal imager to generate local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece; based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, regions with consistent temperature fields are merged and the heat accumulation of each local region is estimated; based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the distribution of heat-affected areas is identified, and the selection and parameter decision of skipping zones, speed adjustment or cooling gaps are made in combination with the heat accumulation of each local region.

[0042] In this embodiment, a thermal imager is first used to scan the cutting area to monitor the temperature at different locations on the workpiece surface in real time, thereby generating local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece.

[0043] Next, based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, regions with consistent temperature fields are merged. Specifically, regions with similar temperatures are merged into a larger region with consistent temperature fields based on a temperature difference threshold (e.g., 5℃). Through this merging, areas with small temperature differences between regions are considered to belong to the same temperature field region. For example, if the temperature of a certain region is 1800℃, and the temperature of an adjacent region is 1802℃, and the preset threshold is 5℃, then these two regions are merged into a single region with consistent temperature fields.

[0044] After merging regions with uniform temperature fields, the heat accumulation in each local area is estimated. Heat accumulation is the integral of temperature over time, representing the total amount of heat input within a given region. Specifically, the heat accumulation in a region is estimated by integrating the temperature change over time within the merged region with uniform temperature fields. For example, if the temperature in one region has remained above 1800℃ for a considerable period, while the temperature in another region is relatively stable, the heat accumulation is assessed by calculating the integral of the temperature change over that time.

[0045] Subsequently, the distribution of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is identified based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece. The selection and parameter decisions for skipping zones, adjusting speed, or intervening in cooling are then made based on the accumulated heat in each local area. In this process, the local temperature field distribution information and accumulated heat are first compared with a first preset constraint range. If the accumulated heat or HAZ distribution in a local area exceeds the preset constraint range, a simulation of joint adjustment of cutting speed and cooling intervening is performed. Through simulation, the accumulated heat and HAZ under different adjustment parameters are calculated, and it is determined whether they still exceed the preset constraint range. If the simulation results show that the accumulated heat or HAZ exceeds the predetermined range, a path skipping decision is executed, i.e., these high-temperature areas are skipped and cutting continues. If the simulation results show that the accumulated heat and HAZ do not exceed the constraint range, cutting continues, and the cutting speed and cooling intervening are jointly controlled with the preferred adjustment parameters to ensure stable temperature control during the cutting process. If the accumulated heat does not exceed the range, cooling treatment is used to ensure the temperature stability of the workpiece.

[0046] Furthermore, the method provided in the application embodiments, which identifies the distribution of heat-affected zones based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, and makes selection and parameter decisions for skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gaps based on the heat accumulation in each local area, also includes: When the heat accumulation and heat-affected area distribution of each local area exceed the first preset constraint range, a joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling gap is performed to determine whether the simulated heat accumulation and simulated heat-affected area under the optimal adjustment parameters exceed the first preset constraint range; if so, a path jump decision is performed; if not, the joint control of cutting speed adjustment and cooling gap is performed with the optimal adjustment parameters.

[0047] In this embodiment, the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution of each local area are first compared with the first preset constraint range. The first preset constraint range is a safe temperature control range set based on the workpiece material properties, cutting task requirements, and process standards to avoid cutting defects caused by overheating.

[0048] When the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution in various local areas exceed the first preset constraint range, a joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling gap is performed. In this process, firstly, the system generates an initial region model based on the workpiece's local temperature field distribution information and heat accumulation. This model provides the initial thermal state of the cutting area based on current temperature control data. Next, historical cutting speed adjustment strategies are collected, and the relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone is analyzed to generate a first adjustment relationship. Simultaneously, historical cooling data is collected, and the relationship between cooling gap parameters and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone is analyzed to generate a second adjustment relationship. Combining these two, based on the initial region model, iterative adjustment analysis of cutting speed and cooling gap is performed until the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone stabilize within an acceptable range. The simulation analysis will iteratively optimize the parameters of cutting speed and cooling gap to find the optimal adjustment scheme. Once the optimal adjustment parameters are determined, it is judged whether the simulated heat accumulation and simulated heat-affected zone still exceed the first preset constraint range under these optimal parameters. If the simulation results show that the heat accumulation or heat-affected zone still exceeds the preset range, a path skipping decision is executed, that is, the overheated area is skipped during cutting to avoid further heating of these areas. If the simulation results show that the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone are within an acceptable range, the cutting speed and cooling gap are jointly controlled with the preferred adjustment parameters to ensure temperature stability during cutting and avoid thermal deformation or cutting quality problems caused by overheating.

[0049] When the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution in each local area do not exceed the first preset constraint range, it is not necessary to perform a joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling gap. At this time, cooling treatment is directly performed, and the temperature of the overheated area is rapidly reduced by increasing the flow rate of coolant or gas, ensuring that the temperature of the workpiece is stabilized within a safe range and avoiding further heat accumulation or overheating.

[0050] Furthermore, the method provided in the application embodiment, which performs joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling gap, further includes: The cutting region is modeled based on the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution of each local area to generate an initial region model; historical cutting speed adjustment strategies are collected to analyze the first adjustment relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone; historical cooling data is collected to analyze the second adjustment relationship between cooling parameters of cooling gaps and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone; combining the first and second adjustment relationships, based on the initial region model, iterative adjustment analysis of cutting speed and cooling gaps is performed until a preset iteration stop condition is reached to generate the optimal adjustment parameters.

[0051] In this embodiment, the cut area is first modeled based on the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution of each local region, using data acquisition and modeling techniques to generate an initial region model. Specifically, based on the obtained heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution data, numerical modeling techniques (such as finite element analysis) are used to generate the initial region model.

[0052] Next, historical cutting speed adjustment strategies are collected from the historical database, and regression analysis or machine learning techniques are used to analyze the relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone, generating the first adjustment relationship. Specifically, the correlation between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone in historical data is analyzed to establish a mathematical relationship between cutting speed and thermal control. For example, regression analysis is used to determine the trend of heat input changes when cutting speed changes, thus forming the first adjustment relationship.

[0053] Simultaneously, historical cooling data is collected, and through statistical analysis or multiple regression analysis, the relationship between cooling parameters of the cooling gap (such as coolant flow rate and gas flow rate) and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone is analyzed to generate a second regulatory relationship. This process analyzes the impact of different cooling intensities on temperature control effectiveness, such as how increasing coolant flow rate or gas flow rate affects the mitigation of heat accumulation, to derive the second regulatory relationship. This regulatory relationship clarifies the role of cooling gap parameters in controlling the heat-affected zone and heat accumulation.

[0054] Then, combining the first and second adjustment relationships, and based on the initialized region model, simulation optimization algorithms (such as genetic algorithms or particle swarm optimization) are used to iteratively adjust and analyze the cutting speed and cooling gap. During this process, the parameters of the cutting speed and cooling gap are adjusted through multiple simulations to gradually optimize the temperature control effect. After each simulation, the effect of the current settings is evaluated based on the changes in heat accumulation and heat-affected zone, and the parameters of the cutting speed and cooling gap are adjusted to ensure that the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone remain within a preset safe range. This process continues until a preset iteration stopping condition is reached, such as stable thermal control or reaching the maximum number of iterations.

[0055] Ultimately, through this series of optimizations and simulations, optimal adjustment parameters are generated, which are based on the best combination of cutting speed and cooling penetration intensity.

[0056] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects: This application, based on the laser's driving power supply and a preset cutting task, involves the laser controller issuing a first power command to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive; real-time acquisition of the molten pool temperature under a first frequency response requirement, performing power correction analysis according to a preset target temperature range, generating a first power correction signal input to the driving power supply, dynamically adjusting the laser's output power, and coordinating adjustments to the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; real-time acquisition of the workpiece's local temperature field distribution under a second frequency response requirement, analyzing the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and executing decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement. This invention solves the technical problem of thermal deformation caused by inaccurate temperature control during laser cutting in the prior art. By real-time adjustment of laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, and cooling intensity, combined with local temperature field distribution analysis and heat-affected zone control, it achieves the technical effect of effectively suppressing thermal deformation and improving cutting quality and precision during laser cutting.

[0057] Example 2, based on the same inventive concept as the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method integrating temperature control feedback in the aforementioned examples, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system with integrated temperature control feedback. The system and method embodiments in this application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes: The instruction issuing module 11 is used to issue a first power instruction to the drive power supply to provide constant current drive based on the laser's drive power supply and the preset cutting task; the dynamic adjustment module 12 is used to collect the cutting molten pool temperature in real time under the first frequency response requirement, perform power correction analysis according to the preset target temperature range, generate a first power correction signal input to the drive power supply, dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity; the decision control module 13 is used to collect the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under the second frequency response requirement, analyze the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and perform decision and control such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, wherein the first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

[0058] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The drive power supply includes a power factor correction circuit, an isolated DC-DC converter circuit, and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuit.

[0059] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The temperature of the cutting molten pool is acquired in real time using a coaxial dual-color pyrometer; the temperature of the cutting molten pool is compared with the preset target temperature range to calculate the temperature error; the temperature error is input into a PID controller to generate a correction signal for the laser power, which serves as the first power correction signal.

[0060] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The preset target temperature range is determined by matching the material type, thickness, and cutting speed of the workpiece in a historical standard database.

[0061] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: Historical laser cutting data of the workpiece is collected, and a first empirical relationship between laser power and cutting speed, a second empirical relationship between laser power and auxiliary gas flow rate, and a third empirical relationship between laser power and cooling intensity are trained. The first power correction signal is calculated based on the first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship, and the third empirical relationship to generate control parameters for cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity, and coordinated control is performed during power correction.

[0062] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The cutting area is scanned using a thermal imager to generate local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece; based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, regions with consistent temperature fields are merged and the heat accumulation of each local region is estimated; based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the distribution of heat-affected areas is identified, and the selection and parameter decision of skipping zones, speed adjustment or cooling gaps are made in combination with the heat accumulation of each local region.

[0063] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: When the heat accumulation and heat-affected area distribution of each local area exceed the first preset constraint range, a joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling gap is performed to determine whether the simulated heat accumulation and simulated heat-affected area under the optimal adjustment parameters exceed the first preset constraint range; if so, a path jump decision is performed; if not, the joint control of cutting speed adjustment and cooling gap is performed with the optimal adjustment parameters.

[0064] Furthermore, the system is also used to implement the following functions: The cutting region is modeled based on the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone distribution of each local area to generate an initial region model; historical cutting speed adjustment strategies are collected to analyze the first adjustment relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone; historical cooling data is collected to analyze the second adjustment relationship between cooling parameters of cooling gaps and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone; combining the first and second adjustment relationships, based on the initial region model, iterative adjustment analysis of cutting speed and cooling gaps is performed until a preset iteration stop condition is reached to generate the optimal adjustment parameters.

[0065] In Example 3, based on the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in the foregoing embodiments, and using the same inventive concept, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed, implements the steps of any one of the methods described in Example 1 above.

[0066] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the above description focuses on specific embodiments of this specification. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0068] This specification and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of this application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Therefore, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application intends to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method integrating temperature control feedback, characterized in that, include: Based on the laser's driving power supply and the preset cutting task, the laser's controller sends a first power command to the driving power supply to provide constant current drive. The temperature of the molten pool is collected in real time under the first frequency response requirement. Power correction analysis is performed according to the preset target temperature range. A first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser and coordinate the adjustment of cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate or cooling intensity. Under the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is collected in real time, the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone is analyzed, and decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gaps are executed. The first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

2. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive power supply includes a power factor correction circuit, an isolated DC-DC converter circuit, and a multi-phase interleaved Buck constant current drive circuit.

3. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Under the first frequency response requirement, the cutting molten pool temperature is acquired in real time, and power correction analysis is performed according to the preset target temperature range, including: The temperature of the cutting molten pool is collected in real time using a coaxial dual-color pyrometer; Compare the temperature of the cut molten pool with the preset target temperature range, and calculate the temperature error; The temperature error is input into the PID controller to generate a correction signal for the laser power, which serves as the first power correction signal.

4. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The preset target temperature range is determined by matching the material type, thickness, and cutting speed of the workpiece in a historical standard database.

5. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A first power correction signal is generated and input to the driving power supply to dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and to coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity, including: Collect historical laser cutting data of the workpiece to train the first empirical relationship between laser power and cutting speed, the second empirical relationship between laser power and auxiliary gas flow rate, and the third empirical relationship between laser power and cooling intensity. The first power correction signal is calculated based on the first empirical relationship, the second empirical relationship, and the third empirical relationship to generate control parameters for cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate, or cooling intensity, and to perform coordinated control during power correction.

6. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Under the second frequency response requirement, the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece is acquired in real time, the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone is analyzed, and decisions and controls are made to skip zones, adjust speeds, or interrupt cooling, including: A thermal imager is used to scan the cutting area to generate local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece. Based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the heat accumulation of each local area is estimated after merging areas with consistent temperature fields. Based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the distribution of the heat-affected area is identified, and the selection and parameter decision of skip zone, speed adjustment or cooling gap are made in combination with the heat accumulation of each local area.

7. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the local temperature field distribution information of the workpiece, the distribution of heat-affected zones is identified. Combined with the heat accumulation in each local area, selection and parameter decisions are made regarding zone skipping, speed adjustment, or cooling gap insertion, including: When the heat accumulation and heat-affected area distribution of each local area exceed the first preset constraint range, perform a joint adjustment simulation of cutting speed and cooling gap to determine whether the simulated heat accumulation and simulated heat-affected area under the optimal adjustment parameters exceed the first preset constraint range. If yes, execute the path jump decision; otherwise, use the optimal adjustment parameters to jointly regulate the cutting speed and cooling gap.

8. The laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Perform a joint simulation to adjust the cutting speed and cooling gap, including: The heat accumulation and heat-affected area distribution of each local region are used to model the segmented region and generate an initial region model; Collect historical cutting speed adjustment strategies and analyze the primary adjustment relationship between cutting speed and heat accumulation and heat-affected zone. Historical cooling data was collected and analyzed to determine the secondary regulation relationship between the cooling parameters of the cooling gap and the heat accumulation and heat-affected zone. Combining the first and second adjustment relationships, and based on the initialization region model, iterative adjustment analysis of cutting speed and cooling gap is performed until the preset iteration stop condition is reached, thereby generating the optimal adjustment parameters.

9. A laser cutting thermal deformation suppression system with integrated temperature control feedback, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the system comprises: The instruction issuing module is used to send a first power instruction to the drive power supply to provide constant current drive based on the laser's drive power supply and the preset cutting task. The dynamic adjustment module is used to collect the cutting molten pool temperature in real time under the first frequency response requirement, perform power correction analysis according to the preset target temperature range, generate a first power correction signal and input it to the driving power supply, dynamically adjust the output power of the laser, and coordinately adjust the cutting speed, auxiliary gas flow rate or cooling intensity. The decision control module is used to collect the local temperature field distribution of the workpiece in real time under the second frequency response requirement, analyze the degree of heat accumulation in the heat-affected zone, and execute decisions and controls such as skipping zones, speed adjustment, or cooling gaps. The first frequency response requirement is greater than the second frequency response requirement.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the laser cutting thermal deformation suppression method with integrated temperature control feedback as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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