Press fitting tool for duplicate gear of planetary transmission speed reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a planetary transmission reducer duplicate gear press fitting tool which comprises an upper elastic element and a lower elastic element which are fixedly connected. An opening and two incomplete internal tooth parts are arranged on the wall surface of the clamping cavity of each of the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element; lug parts are arranged on the two sides of each opening; the two incomplete inner tooth parts achieve accurate positioning of the duplicate gear, the two lug parts are connected through screws, the distance between the two lug parts is adjusted according to the tooth shape of the duplicate gear, and the positioning accuracy is improved when the duplicate gear is clamped. Arc holes are formed in the positions, right opposite to openings, of the wall faces of the clamping cavities of the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element, elastic beams are formed in the arc holes, errors and stress concentration in the assembling process can be absorbed, and flexibility, adaptability and universality are improved. And the opening of the arc hole is connected with the wall surface of the clamping cavity through the slot, so that more adjusting space is provided, parts can be more easily mounted or dismounted, the influence caused by thermal deformation or assembly errors can be better compensated, and the assembly efficiency and the positioning precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission device manufacturing, and specifically to a double gear press-fitting fixture for a planetary transmission reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear reducers are widely used in various mechanical transmission fields due to their compact structure, wide transmission ratio range, and high load-bearing capacity. When the planetary reducer has an NW, NN, WW, or 3K configuration, the phase accuracy of its core component, the double-gear drive, directly affects the gear meshing quality. If the phase deviation between the two gear teeth exceeds the allowable range during assembly, it will lead to uneven tooth backlash, causing localized friction losses and reducing transmission efficiency. Furthermore, it will cause meshing impact, exacerbating vibration and noise, and in severe cases, causing excessive reducer vibration, affecting the stability and smooth operation of the equipment. In addition, abnormal load concentration caused by the phase deviation of the double-gear drive will accelerate gear wear, significantly reducing the reducer's service life.

[0003] However, traditional double-gear assembly methods have many drawbacks. These methods typically rely on manual experience or simple positioning fixtures, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision assembly. Relying solely on bolt pre-tightening or ordinary pin hole positioning leads to difficulties in guaranteeing final assembly accuracy, and the phase adjustment capability is also severely limited. Due to the lack of dynamic calibration methods, it is difficult to achieve micron-level phase correction, failing to meet the demands of high-precision assembly. Furthermore, these traditional methods have poor compatibility. Different gear models often require customized tooling, which not only increases production costs but also reduces production efficiency.

[0004] A superior technical solution should provide high-precision positioning capabilities, flexible phase adjustment functions, and good versatility to adapt to the assembly requirements of different gear models. However, currently, there are no low-cost assembly tooling solutions on the market that meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture with the advantages of accurate phase positioning, versatility and low cost.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention discloses a press-fitting fixture for a planetary gear reducer with double gears, comprising an upper elastic element and a lower elastic element. Both the upper and lower elastic elements have clamping cavities, and each clamping cavity has two positioning holes along its outer edge. Each pair of aligned positioning holes on the upper and lower elastic elements is connected by a pin. The clamping cavity walls of both the upper and lower elastic elements have an opening and two incomplete internal teeth, with ears on both sides of the opening. The two incomplete internal teeth are positioned opposite each other. The two ears of the upper elastic element and the two ears of the lower elastic element are connected by screws.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping cavity walls of the upper and lower elastic elements are provided with arc-shaped holes at the opening positions, and the upper and lower elastic elements form an elastic beam structure at the arc-shaped hole positions.

[0009] Furthermore, the incomplete internal teeth and the arc hole are machined in one pass using slow wire EDM.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper and lower elastic elements are made of bearing steel or quenched high-carbon tool steel.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening of the arc-shaped hole is connected to the wall of the clamping cavity through a slot.

[0012] Furthermore, the edges of the slot are chamfered.

[0013] Furthermore, when the number of teeth of the press-fitted gear corresponding to the two incomplete internal teeth of the upper or lower elastic element in the double gear is even, the number of teeth of the two incomplete internal teeth is equal and is 2-4 each; when the number of teeth of the press-fitted gear corresponding to the two incomplete internal teeth of the upper or lower elastic element in the double gear is odd, one of the two incomplete internal teeth has 2-4 teeth and the other has 3-5 teeth.

[0014] Furthermore, the tooth tip height coefficient of the incomplete internal teeth of the upper and lower elastic elements is 0.1-0.8m, where m is the tooth module of the incomplete internal teeth, and the displacement coefficient is the same as that of the corresponding press-fitted gear in the double gear.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] In this invention, the two pairs of positioning holes of the upper and lower elastic elements are connected by two pins with an interference fit, ensuring positioning stability. The incomplete internal teeth in the clamping cavity achieve precise positioning of the double gear in the radial and circumferential directions. The pair of ears at the opening are connected by screws, and the spacing is adjusted according to the tooth profile of the double gear, thereby improving positioning accuracy when clamping the double gear. Arc-shaped holes are opened on the clamping cavity walls of the upper and lower elastic elements at the opening positions, forming an elastic beam structure. This structure can provide elastic deformation under external force, thereby absorbing and mitigating errors and stress concentration during assembly, improving the flexibility, adaptability, and versatility of the upper and lower elastic elements, and enhancing positioning stability and accuracy. The arc-shaped holes are connected to the clamping cavity walls by slots, providing more flexibility and adjustment space, making it easier to install or remove parts. This helps to better fix or position parts during assembly. Simultaneously, this design can better compensate for the effects of thermal deformation or assembly errors, better adapting to complex assembly environments, thereby improving assembly efficiency and positioning accuracy, and enhancing the overall quality and reliability of the double gear. This invention can control the assembly position error of double gears to within ±0.01mm, which is significantly better than the industry standard of ±0.05mm. This effectively solves the problems of reduced transmission efficiency, increased vibration and noise, and shortened lifespan caused by assembly errors of double gears. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the pressing of the double gears according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded view.

[0020] Figure 4 A drawing of the elastic element part on the tooling fixture provided in this application.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Upper elastic element; 10. Positioning hole; 11. Arc hole; 12. Slot; 13. Opening; 2. Lower elastic element; 3. Pin; 4. Screw; 5. Press-fitted gear one; 6. Press-fitted gear two. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in full and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] To address the phase accuracy issue of double gears, this embodiment proposes a double gear press-fitting fixture for planetary transmission reducers. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the tooling includes an upper elastic element 1 and a lower elastic element 2. Both the upper elastic element 1 and the lower elastic element 2 have clamping cavities, and each has two positioning holes 10 along its outer edge. Each pair of aligned positioning holes on the upper and lower elastic elements 1 and 2 are connected by pins 3, specifically, the positioning holes and pins 3 are interference-fitted, thereby fixing the upper and lower elastic elements 1 and 2. The clamping cavity walls of both the upper and lower elastic elements have an opening 13 and two incomplete internal teeth, with ears on both sides of the opening. The two incomplete internal teeth are positioned opposite each other. The two ears of the upper elastic element and the two ears of the lower elastic element are connected by screws 4. Specifically, one ear has a through hole, and the other ear has a threaded hole. The through hole and the threaded hole are connected by screws 4. Tightening the screws clamps the positioned double gear.

[0025] In this embodiment, the two pairs of positioning holes of the upper and lower elastic elements are connected by two pins with an interference fit, ensuring the stability of the positioning. Each of the upper and lower elastic elements has a pair of incomplete internal teeth in its clamping cavity. The double gear is embedded in the teeth of the two pairs of incomplete internal teeth. The openings and two lugs of the upper and lower elastic elements allow them to gradually deform from the openings when the screw is tightened, thereby clamping the double gear and achieving precise radial and circumferential positioning of the double gear, ensuring the phase accuracy of the double gear.

[0026] Therefore, this embodiment can control the assembly position error of the double gear within ±0.01mm, which is significantly better than the industry standard of ±0.05mm. It can effectively solve the problems of reduced transmission efficiency, increased vibration and noise, and shortened life caused by assembly errors of the double gear.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, a planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 1, has arc-shaped holes 11 formed on the clamping cavity walls of the upper and lower elastic elements at the opening positions. The upper and lower elastic elements form an elastic beam structure at the arc-shaped holes, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of the upper and lower elastic elements, enhancing the stability and accuracy of positioning, and thus improving the overall assembly quality. The thickness of the thin-walled elastic beam can be designed according to actual needs to achieve the optimal balance between flexibility and strength.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] A planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 1, allows for the machining of the incomplete internal gear portions on the clamping cavity walls of the upper and lower elastic elements in several ways: ① milling; ② wire EDM to complete the incomplete internal gear portions in one pass, ensuring machining accuracy and consistency. The incomplete internal gear portions can be designed according to the dimensions and assembly requirements of the double gears to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] A planetary transmission reducer double gear press fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 2, allows the arc hole to be processed in the following ways: ① Machining: first drilling, then precision machining to form a thin-walled elastic beam structure; ② Using laser cutting technology to reduce processing time while ensuring accuracy; ③ One-time forming through stamping technology, suitable for mass production; ④ Slow wire EDM to ensure processing accuracy and consistency.

[0033] Example 5

[0034] A planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, employs slow wire EDM for both the incomplete internal gear portion and the arc-shaped hole. This allows for simultaneous machining of the incomplete internal gear portion and the positioning arc-shaped hole on both the upper and lower elastic elements. Slow wire EDM is a high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) technology capable of cutting complex contours in a single machining operation. This machining method avoids the error accumulation problem caused by traditional multiple machining operations, not only improving machining accuracy but also reducing processes, saving machining time and costs, and increasing production efficiency. Therefore, this embodiment provides a more efficient and precise double gear assembly fixture, significantly improving the assembly quality of the double gears.

[0035] Example 6

[0036] A planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 5, selects high-strength materials suitable for slow wire EDM for the upper and lower elastic elements, such as cemented carbide or hardened steel, to further improve machining accuracy and durability.

[0037] Example 7

[0038] A planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, uses bearing steel or quenched high-carbon tool steel for the upper and lower elastic elements. Bearing steel and high-carbon tool steel possess high hardness and wear resistance. The quenching process, through rapid cooling, alters the internal structure of the material, further improving its hardness and strength. These characteristics enable the upper and lower elastic elements to withstand greater loads and friction under high-load and high-friction environments, extending their service life.

[0039] Example 8

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, a planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 2, has an arc hole opening connected to the clamping cavity wall via a slot 12. This structural design provides more flexibility and adjustment space, making it easier to install or disassemble parts. It also helps to better fix or position parts during assembly. At the same time, this design can better compensate for the effects of thermal deformation or assembly errors, better adapt to complex assembly environments, thereby improving assembly efficiency and positioning accuracy, and enhancing the overall quality and reliability of the double gear.

[0041] Furthermore, the edges of the slot can be appropriately treated to avoid damage to other components during assembly. As a preferred embodiment, the edges of the slot are chamfered to improve the smoothness and safety of the assembly process.

[0042] Example 9

[0043] A planetary gear reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, wherein when the number of teeth of the press-fitting gear (press-fitting gear 5 or press-fitting gear 6) corresponding to the two incomplete internal tooth portions of the upper or lower elastic element in the double gear is even, the number of teeth of the two incomplete internal tooth portions is equal and is 2-4; when the number of teeth of the press-fitting gear corresponding to the two incomplete internal tooth portions of the upper or lower elastic element in the double gear is odd, one of the two incomplete internal tooth portions has 2-4 teeth and the other has 3-5 teeth.

[0044] Example 10

[0045] A planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, wherein the tooth tip height coefficient of the incomplete internal tooth portion of the upper elastic element and the lower elastic element is 0.1-0.8m, where m is the tooth module of the incomplete internal tooth portion, and the displacement coefficient is taken to be the same as the displacement coefficient of the corresponding press-fitted gear in the double gear.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in use, the present invention is first loosened by loosening the screws 4 on the two lugs of the upper and lower elastic elements, and then inserting the two press-fitted gears of the double gear into the two pairs of incomplete internal teeth of the upper and lower elastic elements, respectively. Next, the screws on the two lugs of the upper and lower elastic elements are tightened to clamp the positioned double gear, achieving radial and circumferential positioning. At this point, the integrally formed connecting shaft on one of the press-fitted gears is aligned with the center hole of the other press-fitted gear. Then, pressure is applied using a press to press the integrally formed connecting shaft on one of the press-fitted gears into the center hole of the other press-fitted gear. Finally, the screws 4 on the two lugs of the upper and lower elastic elements are loosened, and the press-fitted double gear is removed. The upper and lower elastic elements form an elastic beam structure at the arc hole position. The opening of the arc hole is connected to the clamping cavity wall through a slot. When the double gear is inserted into the teeth of the two pairs of incomplete internal teeth, or when the double gear is removed after pressing, the ears of the upper and lower elastic elements can be pried outward to increase the distance between the two pairs of incomplete internal teeth of the upper and lower elastic elements, thereby making it easier to install or remove the double gear. This helps to better fix or position the parts during the assembly process.

Claims

1. A press-fitting fixture for a planetary transmission reducer with double gears, comprising an upper elastic element, characterized in that: It also includes a lower elastic element; both the upper and lower elastic elements have clamping cavities, and each clamping cavity has two positioning holes along its outer edge; each pair of positioning holes aligned on the upper and lower elastic elements are connected by a pin; each clamping cavity wall of the upper and lower elastic elements has an opening and two incomplete internal teeth, and ears are provided on both sides of the opening; the two incomplete internal teeth are arranged opposite each other; the two ears of the upper elastic element are connected by screws, and the two ears of the lower elastic element are connected by screws.

2. The planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping cavity walls of the upper and lower elastic elements are provided with arc-shaped holes at the opening positions, and the upper and lower elastic elements form an elastic beam structure at the arc-shaped holes.

3. The planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The incomplete internal teeth and arc holes are machined in one pass using slow wire EDM.

4. A planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The upper and lower elastic elements are made of bearing steel or quenched high-carbon tool steel.

5. A planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The opening of the arc hole is connected to the wall of the clamping cavity through a slot.

6. The planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The edges of the slot are chamfered.

7. The planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the number of teeth of the press-fitted gear corresponding to the two incomplete internal teeth of the upper or lower elastic element in the double gear is even, the number of teeth of the two incomplete internal teeth is equal and is 2-4 each; when the number of teeth of the press-fitted gear corresponding to the two incomplete internal teeth of the upper or lower elastic element in the double gear is odd, one of the two incomplete internal teeth has 2-4 teeth and the other has 3-5 teeth.

8. The planetary transmission reducer double gear press-fitting fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tooth tip height coefficient of the incomplete internal teeth of the upper and lower elastic elements is 0.1-0.8m, where m is the tooth module of the incomplete internal teeth, and the displacement coefficient is the same as that of the corresponding press-fitted gear in the double gear.

Images