Mycelium culture medium and preparation method thereof, mycelium and culture method and device thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a mycelium culture medium and a preparation method thereof, a mycelium and a culture method and device thereof. The mycelium culture medium comprises a solvent, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, straw, tannin extract and inorganic salt, the mass ratio of the straw to the tannin extract is 1: (1-3); based on the total mass of the mycelium culture medium, the mass fraction of the tannin extract is 5%-8%, and the mass fraction of the straw is 5%-8%. The tannin extract and the straw are added into the mycelium culture medium, the tannin extract and the straw jointly form a solid mixed substrate with high lignocellulose and low nitrogen content, the solid mixed substrate serves as a growth substrate of the mycelium, attachment and nutrient absorption of the mycelium are facilitated, formation of a mycelium three-dimensional network structure is accelerated, and mycelium culture is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mycelium, and more particularly to a mycelium culture medium and its preparation method, mycelium, its culture method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global promotion of the circular economy, mycelium, due to its inherent advantages of being purely natural and biodegradable, is being applied to a growing number of different material fields. Mycelium can utilize agricultural waste (sugarcane bagasse, rice husks, corn stalks, etc.) as its primary nutrient source, growing into mycelial tissue while simultaneously degrading the agricultural waste. Through the addition of components to the culture medium and specific cultivation methods, novel bio-based materials that meet the standards for leather, packaging, furniture, and building materials can be obtained. Mycelial materials are economically low-cost, biodegradable, and recyclable, and hold promise as a green alternative to a large number of petroleum-based materials.

[0003] When mycelia are cultured using ordinary culture media, their morphology is not fixed during growth, and their growth state is difficult to control. They exhibit various forms, including spherical, flocculent, and filamentous shapes. After growth, the surface of the mycelium is uneven, easily resulting in a large number of fruiting bodies that cannot form processable raw materials. Furthermore, mature mycelia generally lack tensile strength, making them fragile and brittle, which cannot meet the material requirements of applications such as leather or others. Therefore, providing a suitable mycelium culture medium is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a culture medium for preparing mycelium, which can improve the structural rigidity of the obtained mycelium.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a mycelial culture medium, comprising: a solvent, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, straw, tannin, and inorganic salts; wherein the mass ratio of the straw to the tannin is 1:(1-3); and the mass fraction of the tannin is 5%-8% and the mass fraction of the straw is 5%-8% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0006] In some embodiments, the tannin is selected from at least one of the following: bayberry tannin, spruce tannin, and Acacia mangium tannin.

[0007] In some embodiments, the straw is selected from at least one of rice straw, corn straw, and wheat straw.

[0008] In some embodiments, the solvent is selected from at least one of deionized water, purified water, and distilled water.

[0009] In some embodiments, the carbon source is selected from at least one of corn steep liquor, potato extract, and glucose.

[0010] In some embodiments, the nitrogen source is selected from at least one of yeast powder, urea, and ammonium nitrate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inorganic salt is selected from at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the solvent has a mass fraction of 80% to 85% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0013] In some embodiments, the carbon source has a mass fraction of 2% to 3% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0014] In some embodiments, the nitrogen source has a mass fraction of 1% to 2% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0015] In some embodiments, the inorganic salts have a mass fraction of 0.3% to 0.5% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0016] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a mycelial culture medium, comprising:

[0017] The carbon source and tannin are added to the solvent and stirred at a first temperature. An acid-base adjuster is added to adjust the pH to a first level to obtain a first mixed solution.

[0018] A nitrogen source and an inorganic salt are added to the first mixed solution, and after stirring and mixing, a second mixed solution is obtained.

[0019] After placing the solid matrix in the container, the second mixed solution is added, and the solid matrix is ​​allowed to be soaked by the second mixed solution.

[0020] After homogenizing the straw, it is added to the container and covered with the solid substrate. After sterilization, mycelial culture medium is obtained.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 50°C to 65°C.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first pH value is 6 to 6.5.

[0023] In some embodiments, the particle size of the straw after homogenization treatment is 200μm to 500μm.

[0024] In some embodiments, the carbon source is selected from at least one of corn steep liquor, potato extract, and glucose.

[0025] In some embodiments, the tannin is selected from at least one of the following: bayberry tannin, spruce tannin, and Acacia mangium tannin.

[0026] In some embodiments, the solvent is selected from at least one of deionized water, purified water, and distilled water.

[0027] In some embodiments, the nitrogen source is selected from at least one of yeast powder, urea, and ammonium nitrate.

[0028] In some embodiments, the straw is selected from at least one of rice straw, corn straw, and wheat straw.

[0029] In some embodiments, the inorganic salt is selected from at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the acid-base regulator is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, carbonate, and tromethamine.

[0031] In some embodiments, the solid matrix is ​​selected from at least one of linden wood strips, poplar wood strips, and oak wood strips.

[0032] The third aspect of this application provides a mycelium prepared by culturing using the mycelium culture medium as described above.

[0033] The fourth aspect of this application provides a method for culturing mycelium as described above, comprising:

[0034] The mycelium was inoculated onto a mycelium culture medium, and air was introduced to allow the growth of mycelial tissue.

[0035] The growth includes multiple stages, including a first growth stage and a second growth stage. After the first growth stage is completed, the second growth stage is performed.

[0036] In the first growth stage, the air has a first humidity H1 and a first airflow rate Q1;

[0037] In the second growth stage, the air has a second humidity H2 and a second airflow rate Q2;

[0038] Satisfying: H2≤H1, Q1 <Q2。

[0039] In some embodiments, during the first growth stage, the mycelium has a first growth temperature T1, and during the second growth stage, the mycelium has a second growth temperature T2, satisfying: T1≤T2.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first humidity H1 satisfies: 60% ≤ H1 ≤ 70%.

[0041] In some embodiments, the second humidity H2 satisfies: 50% ≤ H2 ≤ 60%.

[0042] In some implementations, the first injection rate Q1 satisfies: 0.08L / min≤Q1≤0.1L / min.

[0043] In some implementations, the second injection rate Q2 satisfies: 0.25L / min ≤ Q2 ≤ 0.3L / min.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first growth temperature T1 satisfies: 24℃≤T1≤25℃.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second growth temperature T2 satisfies: 25℃≤T2≤26℃.

[0046] In some implementations, the first growth stage has a first time t1, which satisfies: 0 days ≤ t1 ≤ 3 days.

[0047] In some implementations, the second growth stage has a second time t2, satisfying: 4 days ≤ t2 ≤ 10 days.

[0048] A fourth aspect of this application provides an apparatus for implementing a method for culturing mycelium as described above, comprising:

[0049] Culture containers, including:

[0050] The container body has a receiving cavity; the container body includes a bottom wall and a side wall; the bottom wall and the side wall enclose the receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is used to place the mycelial culture medium;

[0051] A ventilation assembly is located on one side of the culture container and communicates with the receiving cavity; the ventilation assembly is used to vent air into the receiving cavity.

[0052] A temperature and humidity monitoring component is located on one side of the culture container, spaced apart from the ventilation component, and communicates with the containment cavity. The temperature and humidity monitoring component is used to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the containment cavity.

[0053] In some embodiments, the culture container further includes:

[0054] A lid, connected to the container body and sealing the receiving cavity;

[0055] A tray, placed inside the receiving cavity and connected to the bottom wall, is used for growing mycelial layers.

[0056] In some embodiments, a first through hole is provided on the side wall or the cover, and the venting assembly communicates with the receiving cavity through the first through hole.

[0057] In some embodiments, a second through hole is provided on the side wall or the cover, and the temperature and humidity monitoring component is connected to the receiving cavity through the second through hole.

[0058] In some embodiments, the sidewall is provided with a locking strip for engaging the culture container with the aeration frame.

[0059] This application provides a mycelial culture medium comprising a solvent, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, straw, tannin, and inorganic salts. The tannin in the tannin can cross-link with the polysaccharides and proteins of the mycelial fibers, making the mycelial network structure more stable and robust during growth. Furthermore, the sugars, organic acids, lignin, and cellulose in natural tannin are suitable nutrient sources, facilitating the growth and formation of mycelial fibers. In addition, tannin and straw together form a solid mixed substrate with high lignin and cellulose content and low nitrogen content, serving as a growth substrate for mycelium, which facilitates mycelial attachment and nutrient absorption, accelerating the formation of the mycelial three-dimensional network structure. Therefore, this application, by adding tannin and straw to the mycelial culture medium, is beneficial for mycelial cultivation. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 This application provides an apparatus for implementing a method for culturing mycelium;

[0062] Figure 2 Left view of the culture container provided for this application.

[0063] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows:

[0064] 10. Culture container; 1. Container body; 11. Bottom wall; 12. Side wall; 121. First through hole; 122. Second through hole; 123. Locking strip; 13. Receiving cavity; 2. Cover; 3. Tray; 20. Ventilation assembly; 30. Temperature and humidity monitoring assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] It should be noted that the use of designations such as [first], [second], [third], and [fourth] in this application does not represent any order, quantity, or importance; they are merely used to distinguish different parts. The directional designations such as [up], [down], [left], and [right] in this application are only for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the designations, directional designations, and positional relationship designations used are for the purpose of explaining and understanding this application, and not for limiting this application. In the drawings, structurally similar units are represented by the same labels.

[0067] This application provides a mycelial culture medium and its preparation method, as well as mycelium, its culture method and apparatus. The following will describe this application in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0068] The first aspect of this application provides a mycelial culture medium, comprising: a solvent, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, straw, tannin, and inorganic salts; the mass ratio of straw to tannin is 1:(1-3); based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium, the mass fraction of tannin is 5%-8%, and the mass fraction of straw is 5%-8%. Specifically, the mass ratio of straw to tannin can be any one or any two of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3; based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium, the mass fraction of tannin can be any one or any two of 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8%; and the mass fraction of straw can be any one or any two of 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8%.

[0069] It is understandable that the tannins in tannin can cross-link with the polysaccharides and proteins of mycelial fibers, making the mycelial network structure more stable and robust during growth. Furthermore, the sugars, organic acids, lignin, and cellulose in natural tannin are suitable nutrient sources, which are beneficial for the growth and formation of mycelial fibers. In addition, tannin and straw together form a solid mixed substrate with high nitrogen content of lignin and cellulose, which serves as a growth substrate for mycelium, facilitating mycelial attachment and absorption of nutrients and accelerating the formation of the three-dimensional network structure of mycelium. Therefore, this application proposes that adding tannin and straw to the mycelial culture medium is beneficial for mycelial cultivation.

[0070] In some embodiments, the tannin is selected from at least one of the following: bayberry tannin, spruce tannin, and Acacia mangium tannin.

[0071] In some embodiments, the straw is selected from at least one of rice straw, corn straw, and wheat straw.

[0072] In some embodiments, the solvent is selected from at least one of deionized water, purified water, and distilled water.

[0073] In some embodiments, the carbon source is selected from at least one of corn steep liquor, potato extract, and glucose.

[0074] In some embodiments, the nitrogen source is selected from at least one of yeast powder, urea, and ammonium nitrate.

[0075] In some embodiments, the inorganic salt is selected from at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO3) and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O).

[0076] In some embodiments, the solvent mass fraction is 80% to 85% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium. Specifically, the solvent mass fraction can be any one or a range of any two of the following: 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, and 85% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0077] In some embodiments, the carbon source has a mass fraction of 2% to 3% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium. Specifically, the mass fraction of the carbon source can be any one or a range of any two of 2%, 2.5%, and 3% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0078] In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the nitrogen source is 1% to 2% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium. Specifically, the mass fraction of the nitrogen source can be any one of 1%, 1.5%, or 2%, or a range of any two of these values, based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0079] In some embodiments, the inorganic salt content is 0.3% to 0.5% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium. Specifically, the inorganic salt content can be any one or a range of any two of the following values: 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, and 0.5% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

[0080] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a mycelial culture medium, comprising:

[0081] The carbon source and tannin are added to the solvent and stirred at a first temperature. An acid-base adjuster is added to adjust the pH to a first level to obtain a first mixed solution.

[0082] A nitrogen source and an inorganic salt are added to the first mixed solution, and after stirring and mixing, a second mixed solution is obtained.

[0083] After placing the solid matrix in the container, add the second mixed solution and allow the second mixed solution to wet the solid matrix;

[0084] After homogenizing the straw, it was added to a container and covered with a solid substrate. After sterilization, mycelial culture medium was obtained.

[0085] In some embodiments, the sterilization temperature is 115°C to 125°C, and the sterilization time is 30 min to 40 min. Specifically, the sterilization temperature can be any one or any combination of two values ​​from 115°C, 116°C, 117°C, 118°C, 119°C, 120°C, 121°C, 122°C, 123°C, 124°C, and 125°C. The sterilization time can be any one or any combination of two values ​​from 30 min, 31 min, 32 min, 33 min, 34 min, 35 min, 36 min, 37 min, 38 min, 39 min, and 40 min.

[0086] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the solid matrix is ​​5cm*2cm to 5cm*5cm. Specifically, the cross-section of the solid matrix is ​​any one or any two of the following values: 5cm*2cm, 5cm*3cm, 5cm*4cm, and 5cm*5cm.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first temperature is 50°C to 65°C. Specifically, the first temperature can be any one or a range of any two of 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, and 65°C.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first pH value is 6.0 to 6.5. Specifically, the first pH value can be any one of 6.0 and 6.5 or a range of any two values.

[0089] In some embodiments, the particle size of the straw after homogenization treatment is 200 μm to 500 μm. Specifically, the particle size of the straw after homogenization treatment is any one or any two values ​​of 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm, 450 μm, and 500 μm.

[0090] In some embodiments, the carbon source is selected from at least one of corn steep liquor, corn stalks, and wheat straw.

[0091] In some embodiments, the tannin is selected from at least one of the following: bayberry tannin, spruce tannin, and Acacia mangium tannin.

[0092] In some embodiments, the solvent is selected from at least one of deionized water, purified water, and distilled water.

[0093] In some embodiments, the nitrogen source is selected from at least one of yeast powder, urea, and ammonium nitrate.

[0094] In some embodiments, the straw is selected from at least one of rice straw, corn straw, and wheat straw.

[0095] In some embodiments, the inorganic salt is selected from at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO3) and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O).

[0096] In some embodiments, the acid-base regulator is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), ammonia (NH3·H2O), carbonate, and tromethamine (Tris).

[0097] In some embodiments, the solid matrix is ​​selected from at least one of linden wood strips, poplar wood strips, and oak wood strips.

[0098] In one specific embodiment, corn steep liquor and Acacia mangium tannin were added to deionized water, heated to 60°C, and stirred at 60°C for 30 minutes to mix evenly. Sodium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 6.0 to obtain the first mixed solution.

[0099] Add yeast powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate to the first mixed solution, stir and mix to obtain the second mixed solution;

[0100] After placing a 5cm*2cm cross-section linden wood strip in the culture box, add the second mixed solution and allow the second mixed solution to soak the linden wood strip;

[0101] After homogenizing rice straw, the particles were added to a container with a particle size of 200 μm. The container was then covered with linden wood strips and sterilized at 121℃ for 30 min to obtain mycelial culture medium.

[0102] The third aspect of this application provides a mycelium prepared by culturing using the mycelium culture medium as described above.

[0103] In some embodiments, the mycelium includes at least one of Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps militaris, and morel.

[0104] The fourth aspect of this application provides a method for culturing mycelium as described above, comprising:

[0105] The mycelium was inoculated onto a mycelium culture medium, and air was introduced to allow the growth of mycelial tissue.

[0106] Growth consists of multiple stages, including a first growth stage and a second growth stage. After the first growth stage ends, the second growth stage begins.

[0107] In the first growth stage, the air has a first humidity H1 and a first air intake Q1;

[0108] In the second growth stage, the air has a second humidity H2 and a second air inflow Q2;

[0109] Satisfying: H2≤H1, Q1 <Q2。

[0110] Understandably, the first growth stage is the initial stage of mycelial growth. By maintaining a low air intake and high air humidity, carbon dioxide can be rapidly accumulated in the mycelial culture medium, stimulating mycelial growth. The second growth stage is the middle and late stage of mycelial growth. By maintaining a high air intake and low air humidity, a carbon dioxide gradient can be formed in the mycelial culture medium, further promoting the upward growth of mycelium, thickening the mycelial skin tissue, and inhibiting the formation of fruiting bodies.

[0111] In some embodiments, the mycelium culture medium is placed in a culture box containing a mesh holder that is immersed in the mycelium culture medium, and the mycelium is inoculated onto the mycelium culture medium located above the tray.

[0112] It is understandable that inoculating the mycelium onto the mycelium culture medium located above the net holder allows most of the mycelial balls to be fixed on the surface of the mycelium culture medium. This facilitates the mycelium's absorption of a large amount of oxygen, accelerates mycelial growth and development, and, being fixed on the net holder, promotes the tight weaving of mycelial fibers.

[0113] In some embodiments, the inoculation amount of mycelium is 5% to 10%. That is, the volume ratio (v / v) of mycelium to mycelium culture medium is 5% to 10%; specifically, the inoculation amount of mycelium can be any one or any combination of two values ​​from 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10%.

[0114] In some implementations, during the first growth stage, the mycelium has a first growth temperature T1, and during the second growth stage, the mycelium has a second growth temperature T2, satisfying: T1≤T2.

[0115] It is understandable that maintaining a low growth temperature in the first growth stage and a slightly higher growth temperature in the second growth stage can accelerate mycelial growth and development.

[0116] In some implementations, the first growth temperature T1 satisfies the condition: 24℃ ≤ T1 ≤ 25℃. Specifically, the first growth temperature T1 can be any one of 24℃ and 25℃, or a range of any two of these values.

[0117] In some implementations, the second growth temperature T2 satisfies: 25℃ ≤ T2 ≤ 26℃. Specifically, the second growth temperature T2 can be any one of 25℃ and 26℃, or a range of any two of these values.

[0118] In some implementations, growth includes two or more stages.

[0119] In some implementations, after the growth process is complete, the following is also included:

[0120] The culture medium containing the mycelium tissue and remaining mycelium was recovered.

[0121] In some implementations, the first humidity H1 satisfies: 60% ≤ H1 ≤ 70%. Specifically, the first humidity H1 can be any one or a range of any two values ​​from 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, and 70%.

[0122] In some implementations, the second humidity H2 satisfies: 50% ≤ H2 ≤ 60%. Specifically, the second humidity H2 can be any one or a range of any two values ​​from 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 55%, 57%, 58%, 59%, and 60%.

[0123] In some implementations, the first injection rate Q1 satisfies: 0.08 L / min ≤ Q1 ≤ 0.1 L / min. Specifically, the first injection rate Q1 can be any one value or a range of any two values ​​selected from 0.08 L / min, 0.085 L / min, 0.09 L / min, 0.095 L / min, and 0.1 L / min.

[0124] In some implementations, the second injection rate Q2 satisfies: 0.25 L / min ≤ Q2 ≤ 0.3 L / min. Specifically, the second injection rate Q2 can be any one value or a range of any two values ​​selected from 0.25 L / min, 0.26 L / min, 0.27 L / min, 0.28 L / min, 0.28 L / min, and 0.3 L / min.

[0125] In some implementations, the first growth stage has a first time t1, satisfying: 0 days ≤ t1 ≤ 3 days. Specifically, the first time t1 can be any one of 0 days, 1 day, 2 days, and 3 days, or a range of any two of these values.

[0126] In some implementations, the second growth stage has a second time t2, satisfying: 4 days ≤ t2 ≤ 10 days. Specifically, the second time t2 can be any one or a range of any two of the following: 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, and 10 days.

[0127] A fourth aspect of this application provides an apparatus for implementing a method for culturing mycelium as described above, comprising:

[0128] Culture container 10, comprising:

[0129] The container body 1 has a receiving cavity 13; the container body 1 includes a bottom wall 11 and a side wall 12; the bottom wall 11 and the side wall 12 enclose the receiving cavity 13, and the receiving cavity 13 is used to place mycelial culture medium;

[0130] A ventilation component 20 is located on one side of the culture container 10 and communicates with the receiving cavity 13. The ventilation component 20 is used to vent air into the receiving cavity 13.

[0131] The temperature and humidity monitoring component 30 is located on one side of the culture container 10, spaced apart from the ventilation component 20, and communicates with the containment cavity 13. The temperature and humidity monitoring component 30 is used to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the containment cavity 13.

[0132] In some embodiments, the culture container 10 is a culture box.

[0133] In some implementations, the ventilation component 20 is a central fresh air system.

[0134] In some embodiments, the culture container 10 further includes:

[0135] The cover 2 is connected to the container body 1 and seals the receiving cavity 13;

[0136] The tray 3 is located inside the receiving cavity 13 and is connected to the bottom wall 11 for growing mycelial layer.

[0137] In some embodiments, the tray 3 has micropores, that is, the tray 3 is a mesh tray.

[0138] In some embodiments, a first through hole 121 is provided on the side wall 12 or the cover 2, and the ventilation assembly 20 is connected to the receiving cavity 13 through the first through hole 121.

[0139] In some embodiments, a second through hole 122 is provided on the side wall 12 or the cover 2, and the temperature and humidity monitoring component 30 is connected to the receiving cavity 13 through the second through hole 122.

[0140] In some embodiments, a retaining strip 123 is provided on the side wall 12 for engaging the culture container 10 with the ventilation rack.

[0141] The present application will now be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0142] Example 1

[0143] The mycelial culture medium is provided, which consists of 88 wt% deionized water, 2 wt% corn steep liquor, 1 wt% yeast powder, 4.3 wt% rice straw, 4.3 wt% Acacia mangium tannin, 0.3 wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.1 wt% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

[0144] Ganoderma lucidum mycelium was inoculated onto the mycelium culture medium at an inoculation rate of 5% (v / v), and air was introduced to allow the mycelial tissue to grow.

[0145] The growth process includes a first growth stage and a second growth stage. After the first growth stage is completed, the second growth stage is carried out. In the first growth stage (0 days ≤ t1 ≤ 3 days), the first growth temperature T1 is controlled at 24℃, the first humidity H1 is controlled at 60%, and the first flow rate Q1 is controlled at 0.1L / min.

[0146] During the second growth stage (4 days ≤ t2 ≤ 10 days), the second growth temperature T2 was controlled at 26℃, the second humidity H2 was controlled at 50%, and the second flow rate Q2 was controlled at 0.3L / min.

[0147] After growth is complete, the mycelial tissue and remaining mycelial culture medium are recovered.

[0148] Examples 2-13

[0149] The cultivation methods in Examples 2 to 13 are the same as those in Example 1, except that the mycelial culture medium or process parameters during the cultivation process are adjusted.

[0150] Comparative Examples 1-14

[0151] The cultivation methods for Comparative Examples 1 to 14 are the same as those for Example 1, except that the mycelial culture medium or process parameters during cultivation are adjusted.

[0152] Comparative Example 15

[0153] The cultivation method of Comparative Example 15 is the same as that of Example 1, except that the composition of the mycelial culture medium is adjusted.

[0154] The mycelial culture medium consists of 73% hardwood sawdust, 25% wheat bran, 1% sugar, 1% gypsum, and 65% water content.

[0155] Comparative Example 16

[0156] The cultivation method for Comparative Example 16 was the same as that for Example 1, except that the composition of the mycelial culture medium was adjusted. The mycelial culture medium consisted of 50% cottonseed hulls, 28% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% sugar, 1% gypsum, and a water content of 65%.

[0157] Comparative Example 17

[0158] The cultivation method for Comparative Example 17 was the same as that for Example 1, except that the composition of the mycelial culture medium was adjusted. The mycelial culture medium consisted of 80% cottonseed hulls, 15% rice bran, 3% soybean flour, 1% sugar, 1% gypsum, and a water content of 65%.

[0159] Comparative Example 18

[0160] The cultivation method for Comparative Example 18 was the same as that for Example 1, except that the composition of the mycelial culture medium was adjusted. The mycelial culture medium consisted of 78% cottonseed hulls, 20% corn flour, 1% sugar, 1% gypsum, and a water content of 65%.

[0161] Table 1 shows the parameter settings for Examples 1-13 and Comparative Examples 1-18.

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] Test method:

[0165] (1) Tensile strength test: Set the test parameters of the constant rate elongation tester (strength tester): clamping distance: 75 mm, tensile rate: 300 mm / min; the center of the specimen is clamped in the tester, ensuring that the longitudinal centerline of the specimen passes through the centerline of the clamp and is perpendicular to both ends of the clamp. Start the tester and stretch the specimen until it breaks. Record the force value at fracture. The standard used is ASTM D5034-21, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0166] (2) Leather layer thickness test: Use a leather thickness gauge to measure the thickness at nine points evenly distributed on the four sides and center of the leather. Take the average value. Please refer to Table 2 for the test results.

[0167] (3) Calculation method of uniformity: Use a leather thickness gauge to measure the thickness of nine points evenly on the four sides and center of the skin, calculate the standard deviation and the average value, and divide the calculated standard deviation by the average value to obtain the coefficient of variation as the characterization of uniformity.

[0168] Table 2 shows the test results of Examples 1-13 and Comparative Examples 1-18.

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] Results analysis:

[0172] The test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 show that when the mass ratio of straw to tannin in the mycelial culture medium is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0173] The test results of Examples 1 and 4 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4 show that when the growth temperature during the first growth stage of mycelial culture is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0174] The test results of Examples 1, 5-6 and Comparative Examples 5-6 show that when the growth humidity during the first growth stage of mycelial culture is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0175] The test results of Examples 1, 7-8 and Comparative Examples 7-8 show that when the air intake during the first growth stage of mycelial culture is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0176] The test results from Examples 1 and 9 and Comparative Examples 9-10 show that when the air intake during the first growth stage of mycelial culture is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0177] The test results from Examples 1, 10-11, and Comparative Examples 11-12 show that when the growth humidity during the second growth stage of mycelial culture is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0178] The test results from Examples 1 and 12-13 and Comparative Examples 13-14 show that when the air intake during the second growth stage of mycelial culture is too high or too low, the prepared mycelial tissue has reduced tensile strength and poor uniformity.

[0179] The test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 15-18 show that by introducing straw and tannin into the mycelial culture medium and controlling the mass ratio of straw to tannin, the structure of the mycelium cultured in this mycelial culture medium is improved, and the mycelial skin tissue cultured in this mycelial culture medium has high tensile strength and good thickness uniformity.

[0180] In summary, although the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above, the above embodiments are not intended to limit this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A mycelial culture medium, characterized in that, include: The ingredients include a solvent, a carbon source, a nitrogen source, straw, tannin, and inorganic salts; the mass ratio of the straw to the tannin is 1:(1-3); based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium, the mass fraction of the tannin is 5%-8%, and the mass fraction of the straw is 5%-8%.

2. The mycelial culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tannin is selected from at least one of the following: bayberry tannin, spruce tannin, and Acacia mangium tannin; and / or, The straw is selected from at least one of rice straw, corn straw, and wheat straw; and / or, The solvent is selected from at least one of deionized water, purified water, and distilled water; and / or, The carbon source is selected from at least one of corn steep liquor, potato extract, and glucose; and / or, The nitrogen source is selected from at least one of yeast powder, urea, and ammonium nitrate; and / or, The inorganic salt is selected from at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

3. The mycelial culture medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent has a mass fraction of 80% to 85% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium; and / or, The carbon source has a mass fraction of 2% to 3% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium; and / or, The nitrogen source has a mass fraction of 1% to 2% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium; and / or, The inorganic salts have a mass fraction of 0.3% to 0.5% based on the total mass of the mycelial culture medium.

4. A method for preparing a mycelial culture medium, characterized in that, include: The carbon source and tannin are added to the solvent and stirred at a first temperature. An acid-base adjuster is added to adjust the pH to a first level to obtain a first mixed solution. A nitrogen source and an inorganic salt are added to the first mixed solution, and after stirring and mixing, a second mixed solution is obtained. After placing the solid matrix in the container, the second mixed solution is added, and the solid matrix is ​​allowed to be soaked by the second mixed solution. After homogenizing the straw, it is added to the container and covered with the solid substrate. After sterilization, mycelial culture medium is obtained.

5. The method for preparing mycelial culture medium according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first temperature is 50℃~65℃; and / or, The first pH value is 6 to 6.5; and / or, The particle size of the straw after homogenization treatment is 200μm to 500μm.

6. The method for preparing mycelial culture medium according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon source is selected from at least one of corn steep liquor, potato extract, and glucose; and / or, The tannin is selected from at least one of the following: bayberry tannin, spruce tannin, and Acacia mangium tannin; and / or, The solvent is selected from at least one of deionized water, purified water, and distilled water; and / or, The nitrogen source is selected from at least one of yeast powder, urea, and ammonium nitrate; and / or, The straw is selected from at least one of rice straw, corn straw, and wheat straw; and / or, The inorganic salt is selected from at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; and / or, The acid-base regulator is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, carbonate, and tromethamine; and / or, The solid matrix is ​​selected from at least one of linden wood strips, poplar wood strips, and oak wood strips.

7. A mycelium, characterized in that, It is prepared by culturing the mycelium culture medium as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. A method for culturing mycelium as described in claim 7, characterized in that, include: The mycelium was inoculated onto the mycelium culture medium and air was introduced to grow the mycelial skin tissue; The growth includes multiple stages, including a first growth stage and a second growth stage. After the first growth stage is completed, the second growth stage is performed. In the first growth stage, the air has a first humidity H1 and a first airflow rate Q1; In the second growth stage, the air has a second humidity H2 and a second airflow rate Q2; Satisfying: H2≤H1, Q1 <Q2。 9. The method for culturing mycelium according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the first growth stage, the mycelium has a first growth temperature T1, and in the second growth stage, the mycelium has a second growth temperature T2, satisfying: T1≤T2.

10. A method for culturing mycelium according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first humidity H1 satisfies: 60% ≤ H1 ≤ 70%; and / or, The second humidity H2 satisfies: 50% ≤ H2 ≤ 60%; and / or, The first injection rate Q1 satisfies: 0.08 L / min ≤ Q1 ≤ 0.1 L / min; and / or, The second injection rate Q2 satisfies: 0.25 L / min ≤ Q2 ≤ 0.3 L / min; and / or, The first growth temperature T1 satisfies: 24℃ ≤ T1 ≤ 25℃; and / or, The second growth temperature T2 satisfies: 25℃≤T2≤26℃.

11. A method for culturing mycelium according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first growth stage has a first time t1, satisfying: 0 days ≤ t1 ≤ 3 days; and / or, The second growth stage has a second time t2, which satisfies: 4 days ≤ t2 ≤ 10 days.

12. An apparatus for implementing the mycelial culture method according to claim 8, characterized in that, include: Culture container (10), comprising: The container body (1) has a receiving cavity (13); The container body (1) includes a bottom wall (11) and a side wall (12); the bottom wall (11) and the side wall (12) enclose the receiving cavity (13), which is used to place the mycelial culture medium; A ventilation assembly (20) is located on one side of the culture container (10) and communicates with the receiving cavity (13). The ventilation assembly (20) is used to vent air into the receiving cavity (13). A temperature and humidity monitoring component (30) is located on one side of the culture container (10), spaced apart from the ventilation component (20), and communicates with the containment cavity (13). The temperature and humidity monitoring component (30) is used to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the containment cavity (13).

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that, The culture container (10) further includes: The cover (2) is connected to the container body (1) and seals the receiving cavity (13); A tray (3) is placed inside the receiving cavity (13) and connected to the bottom wall (11) for growing mycelial layers.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, The side wall (12) or the cover (2) is provided with a first through hole (121), and the ventilation component (20) is connected to the receiving cavity (13) through the first through hole (121).

15. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, The side wall (12) or the cover (2) is provided with a second through hole (122), and the temperature and humidity monitoring component (30) is connected to the receiving cavity (13) through the second through hole (122).

16. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that, The side wall (12) is provided with a locking strip (123), which is used to engage the culture container (10) with the ventilation frame.

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