Construction method of embankment structure
By combining L-shaped retaining walls with wedge-shaped wooden planks, geogrids, and sand cushion layers, the problems of high soil pressure and large footprint of traditional reinforced soil retaining walls in high embankments were solved, achieving a smaller retaining wall thickness and higher stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510996286.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional reinforced soil retaining walls in high embankments have problems such as high soil pressure, large retaining wall foundations, and small backfill space, resulting in a large amount of engineering work and increased land requirements.
The construction method adopts L-shaped retaining walls combined with wedge-shaped wooden boards, geogrids and sand cushion layers. The embankment structure is formed by layered backfilling and compaction. The retaining wall's soil-retaining function and the mechanical improvement performance of the reinforcing materials are utilized, combined with the buffering effect of the sand cushion layer, to reduce soil pressure and reduce the thickness of the retaining wall.
It effectively reduces earth pressure, decreases the required thickness of retaining walls, reduces the space occupied, and improves the stability and construction efficiency of embankment structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN120945748A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of road engineering technology, specifically to a construction method for embankment structures. Background Technology
[0002] In engineering construction, retaining walls are used for lateral protection to reduce the land occupied by embankment filling. However, when the embankment is high, a series of structural problems arise, such as high earth pressure, large foundation at the base of the retaining wall, small backfill space, and a large amount of retaining wall work. In traditional reinforced soil retaining walls, the soil reinforcement material and the outer wall are usually connected to form a whole. However, from the perspective of the overall stress, the overall stability of the slope depends almost entirely on the mechanical properties of the soil and reinforcement material. The main function of the outer wall is surface protection, providing some protection for a small, shallow area. Therefore, when using traditional reinforced soil retaining walls, the backfill needs to be of a certain width to ensure that the reinforcement has sufficient depth to anchor within the sliding surface. Thus, traditional reinforced soil retaining walls have certain limitations in solving the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides a construction method for an embankment structure. The embankment structure constructed by this method has less soil pressure, thereby reducing the thickness requirement of the retaining wall and reducing the land occupation to a certain extent.
[0004] The construction method for the embankment structure provided in this application includes the following steps: 1) Excavate the foundation of the retaining wall, build an L-shaped retaining wall on the foundation, and reserve drainage holes and reserved holes on the L-shaped retaining wall. The drainage holes are sealed with reverse filter bags. 2) Layered backfilling and compaction of the roadbed backfill soil to form backfill soil layers. Before each layer of backfilling, wedge-shaped wooden boards are pre-fixed to the side wall of the L-shaped retaining wall. The wedge-shaped wooden boards and the backfill soil are laid with the same thickness in each layer. The width of the lower end of the wedge-shaped wooden boards is not less than 20cm, and the width of the upper end is 5cm greater than the width of the lower end. Geogrids are installed in the backfill soil layers. Unidirectional geogrids are used and laid laterally. The length of a single geogrid is not less than 1.5 times the length of the layer. 3) After each backfill layer is compacted, the wedge-shaped wooden boards that are tightly attached to the L-shaped retaining wall are removed, and dry sand is backfilled into the gap formed after the wedge-shaped wooden boards are removed and manually tamped with steel rods to form a sand cushion layer. 4) Repeat steps 2) and 3) until below the reserved pavement structure layer at the top, then backfill with a compacted clay sealing layer, backfill with a sand cushion layer, and install drainage pipes at intervals, with both ends of the drainage pipes connected to the reserved holes; 5) Cement stabilized layer, concrete pavement layer and other ancillary structures shall be installed in accordance with the pavement structure requirements.
[0005] In addition, the construction method for the embankment structure provided in this application may also have the following additional technical features: In one optional embodiment, the L-shaped retaining wall after construction includes a counterweight platform and side walls. The counterweight platform is located on top of the retaining wall foundation, and the side walls are connected to the counterweight platform and have a preset height. Two L-shaped retaining walls are arranged in pairs to form a backfill cavity with a preset space. Multiple layers of backfill soil are sequentially arranged in the backfill cavity, and a geogrid is provided between every 1 to 2 layers of backfill soil. The ends of the geogrid are folded back and extend to the geogrid of the upper layer. The pavement structure layer is located on top of the backfill soil layers.
[0006] In one alternative scheme, after construction is completed, the inner wall surface of the side wall is a vertical surface, and the outer wall surface of the side wall is a sloping surface with a slope ratio of 1:0.1 to 1:0.3; the height of the side wall is defined as H, then the width of the counterweight platform is 0.2H to 0.3H, and the gap between two counterweight platforms is filled by a leveling backfill layer before the backfill soil layer is laid.
[0007] In one alternative embodiment, after construction is completed, the gap formed by the wedge-shaped wooden board is 20-50cm, and the width of the gap gradually decreases along the direction from the bottom to the top of the side wall; the drainage hole gradually slopes downward from the inner wall surface of the side wall to the outer wall surface, and the filter bag is disposed at the opening position of the drainage hole on the inner wall surface of the side wall.
[0008] In one alternative embodiment, after construction is completed, the pavement structure layer comprises a crushed stone subbase, a cement stabilized layer, and a concrete pavement layer laid sequentially, wherein the surface of the concrete pavement layer has a slope that gradually slopes downward from the center to both sides.
[0009] In one alternative, after construction is completed, the concrete pavement layer is a permeable pavement, and a drainage layer and a clay sealing layer are provided at the bottom of the crushed stone subbase. The drainage layer is located between the crushed stone subbase and the clay sealing layer, and a drainage perforated pipe is embedded in the drainage layer through the reserved hole. The inclination of the drainage perforated pipe is less than 5%.
[0010] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The construction method for the embankment structure in this application is simple and convenient in its overall steps. It comprehensively utilizes the soil-retaining function of the retaining wall and the soil mechanics improvement function of the reinforcing material, and effectively combines the advantages of both. The sand cushion layer filling the gap between the backfill layer and the inner wall of the L-shaped retaining wall can play a buffering role. The sand cushion layer is passively compacted during the filling of the upper soil, and the geogrid in the lower fill is also stretched, thereby further enhancing the mechanical properties, reducing the increase of soil pressure, reducing the thickness requirement of the retaining wall, and reducing the space occupied to a certain extent.
[0011] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the embankment structure provided in this application in a specific embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the embankment structure at the location of the pavement structure layer.
[0013] Attached reference numerals: L-shaped retaining wall 1, counterweight platform 11, side wall 12, retaining wall foundation 2, backfill soil layer 3, sand cushion layer 4, road structure layer 5, crushed stone cushion layer 51, cement stabilized layer 52, permeable pavement 53, clay sealing layer 54, drainage pipe 55, leveling backfill layer 6, drainage hole 7, reserved hole 8.
[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0016] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0017] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0018] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
[0019] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this application are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.
[0020] like Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a construction method for an embankment structure, which mainly includes the following steps: 1) Excavate the retaining wall foundation 2, build an L-shaped retaining wall 1 on the retaining wall foundation, and reserve drainage holes 7 and reserved holes 8 on the L-shaped retaining wall 1. The drainage holes 7 are sealed with reverse filter bags. 2) Layered backfilling and compaction of the roadbed backfill soil to form backfill layer 3. Before each layer of backfilling, wedge-shaped wooden boards are pre-fixed on the side wall of L-shaped retaining wall 1. The wedge-shaped wooden boards and the backfill soil are laid with the same thickness in each layer. The width of the lower end of the wedge-shaped wooden boards is not less than 20cm, and the width of the upper end is 5cm greater than the width of the lower end. Geogrids are set in backfill layer 3. Unidirectional geogrids are used and laid laterally. The length of a single geogrid is not less than 1.5 times the length of the layer. 3) After each backfill layer is compacted, the wedge-shaped wooden boards tightly attached to the L-shaped retaining wall 1 are removed, and dry sand is backfilled into the gap formed after the wedge-shaped wooden boards are removed and manually tamped with steel rods to form a sand cushion layer 4. 4) Repeat steps 2) and 3) until below the reserved pavement structure layer 5 at the top, then backfill with compacted clay sealing layer 54, backfill with sand cushion layer, and install drainage flower pipes 55 at intervals, with both ends of the drainage flower pipes 55 connected to the reserved holes 8. 5) Cement stabilized layer, concrete pavement layer and other ancillary structures shall be installed in accordance with the pavement structure requirements.
[0021] In this embodiment, the construction method of the embankment structure is simple and convenient in overall steps. It comprehensively utilizes the soil-retaining function of the retaining wall and the soil mechanics improvement function of the reinforcing material, and effectively combines the advantages of both. The sand cushion layer 4 filling the gap between the backfill layer 3 and the inner wall of the L-shaped retaining wall 1 can play a buffering role. The sand cushion layer 4 is passively compacted during the filling of the upper soil, and the geogrid in the lower fill is also stretched, thereby further enhancing the mechanical properties, reducing the increase of soil pressure, reducing the thickness requirement of the retaining wall, and reducing the space occupied to a certain extent.
[0022] Specifically, in traditional retaining walls, the externally assembled precast components only provide slope protection and have a very small impact on improving overall stability. In contrast, the L-shaped retaining wall 1 in this embodiment is separately arranged from the backfill layer 3 and the geogrid. Compared to traditional reinforced retaining walls, the outer concrete structure is a thinned L-shaped retaining wall 1, which possesses a certain degree of soil-retaining function. Furthermore, when reinforced soil is directly backfilled behind the wall, as the backfill height increases, the lateral deformation of the lower soil is constrained by the wall, leading to a gradual increase in soil pressure behind the wall. During this process, the mechanical properties of the reinforcing materials in the soil cannot be further utilized. The embankment structure in this embodiment comprehensively utilizes the soil-retaining function of the retaining wall and the soil mechanics improvement function of the reinforcing material, effectively combining the advantages of both. The sand cushion layer 4 filling the gap between the backfill layer 3 and the inner wall of the L-shaped retaining wall 1 can play a buffering role. The sand cushion layer 4 is passively compacted during the filling of the upper soil, and the geogrid in the lower fill is also stretched, thereby further enhancing the mechanical properties, reducing the increase of soil pressure, thus reducing the thickness requirement of the retaining wall, and reducing the footprint to a certain extent.
[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the L-shaped retaining wall 1 after construction includes a counterweight platform 11 and side walls 12. The counterweight platform 11 is located on top of the retaining wall foundation 2, and the side walls 12 are connected to the counterweight platform 11 and have a preset height. Two L-shaped retaining walls 1 are arranged in pairs to form a backfill cavity with a preset space. Multiple backfill soil layers 3 are sequentially arranged in the backfill cavity, and a geogrid is provided between every 1 to 2 backfill soil layers 3. The backfill soil layer 3 can be reinforced soil. The ends of the geogrid are folded back and extend to the geogrid of the upper layer. The road structure layer 5 is set on top of the backfill soil layer 3.
[0024] In this embodiment, the counterweight platforms 11 of the two L-shaped retaining walls 1 are arranged in pairs and face each other, so that the counterweight platforms 11 and the side walls 12 form a backfill cavity for backfilling the backfill soil layer 3 and the geogrid. This structural arrangement can reduce soil pressure, reduce the cross-sectional size of the retaining wall, reduce the land occupation, reduce the cross-sectional area of the retaining wall structure, and optimize construction.
[0025] like Figure 1As shown, in one specific embodiment, after construction, the inner wall of the side wall 12 is a vertical surface, and the outer wall of the side wall 12 is a sloping surface with a slope ratio of 1:0.1 to 1:0.3. The height of the side wall 12 is defined as H, and the width of the counterweight platform 11 is 0.2H to 0.3H. This structural arrangement optimizes stress distribution, thereby improving the overall stability of the embankment structure after construction. Furthermore, the gap between the two counterweight platforms 11 is filled with a leveling backfill layer 6 before the backfill soil layer 3 is laid. The leveling backfill layer 6 can be concrete, etc., and this is not specifically limited in this paper.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, after construction is completed, the gap between the backfill soil layer 3 and the inner wall of the side wall 12 is 20-50cm. This gap ensures the thickness of the sand cushion layer 4, thereby ensuring the buffering effect of the sand cushion layer 4. Since the pressure of the backfill soil layer 3 is greater closer to the bottom, the width of the gap gradually decreases along the direction from the bottom to the top of the side wall 12. This allows the bottom-filled sand cushion layer 4 to be thicker. In addition, dry sand is backfilled and compacted in the gap after each layer of backfill soil 3 is set. Specifically, the sand cushion layer 4 can be backfilled after each layer of backfill soil 3 is completed. The sand cushion layer 4 is not rolled after backfilling, but is manually tamped with steel rods.
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, after construction, multiple drainage holes 7 are spaced apart on the sidewall 12. The drainage holes 7 gradually slope downwards from the inner wall of the sidewall 12 to the outer wall. A filter bag is installed at the opening of each drainage hole 7 on the inner wall of the sidewall 12 to prevent clogging. In this embodiment, the drainage holes 7 can promptly drain water from the backfill soil layer 3, effectively reducing hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the embankment structure. It should be noted that the drainage holes 7 are arranged at intervals along the height and length of the sidewall 12. The spacing between the drainage holes 7 can be preset according to local rainfall and environmental conditions, and is not specifically limited in this document.
[0028] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in one specific embodiment, after construction is completed, the road structure layer 5 includes a crushed stone cushion layer 51, a cement stabilized layer 52 and a concrete pavement layer laid in sequence. The surface of the concrete pavement layer has a slope that gradually slopes downward from the middle to both sides. The slope of the slope is generally between 1.5% and 2.5%. In addition, generally speaking, the two sides of the concrete pavement layer are roughly flush with the top of the side wall 12.
[0029] like Figure 1-2As shown, in one specific embodiment, after construction, the concrete pavement layer is a permeable pavement 53. A drainage layer and a clay sealing layer 54 are also provided at the bottom of the crushed stone subbase 51. The drainage layer is located between the crushed stone subbase 51 and the clay sealing layer 54. Drainage pipes 55 are embedded within the drainage layer, and the slope towards the outside along the drainage pipes 55 is preset to be less than 5%. The clay sealing layer 54 can effectively reduce or prevent a large amount of seepage water from the permeable pavement 53 from entering the backfill soil layer 3, instead draining it through the drainage layer.
[0030] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A construction method for an embankment structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Excavate the foundation of the retaining wall, build an L-shaped retaining wall on the foundation, and reserve drainage holes and reserved holes on the L-shaped retaining wall. The drainage holes are sealed with reverse filter bags. 2) Layered backfilling and compaction of the roadbed backfill soil to form backfill soil layers. Before each layer of backfilling, wedge-shaped wooden boards are pre-fixed to the side wall of the L-shaped retaining wall. The wedge-shaped wooden boards and the backfill soil are laid with the same thickness in each layer. The width of the lower end of the wedge-shaped wooden boards is not less than 20cm, and the width of the upper end is 5cm greater than the width of the lower end. Geogrids are installed in the backfill soil layers. Unidirectional geogrids are used and laid laterally. The length of a single geogrid is not less than 1.5 times the length of the layer. 3) After each backfill layer is compacted, the wedge-shaped wooden boards that are tightly attached to the L-shaped retaining wall are removed, and dry sand is backfilled into the gap formed after the wedge-shaped wooden boards are removed and manually tamped with steel rods to form a sand cushion layer. 4) Repeat steps 2) and 3) until below the reserved pavement structure layer at the top, then backfill with a compacted clay sealing layer, backfill with a sand cushion layer, and install drainage pipes at intervals, with both ends of the drainage pipes connected to the reserved holes; 5) Cement stabilized layer, concrete pavement layer and other ancillary structures shall be installed in accordance with the pavement structure requirements.
2. The construction method for the embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The L-shaped retaining wall after construction includes a counterweight platform and side walls. The counterweight platform is set on the top of the retaining wall foundation. The side walls are connected to the counterweight platform and have a preset height. The two L-shaped retaining walls are arranged in pairs to form a backfill cavity with a preset space. The multiple backfill soil layers are sequentially arranged in the backfill cavity, and a geogrid is provided between every 1 to 2 backfill soil layers. The ends of the geogrid are folded back and extend to the geogrid of the upper layer. The road structure layer is arranged on top of the backfill soil layers.
3. The construction method for the embankment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, After construction is completed, the inner wall of the side wall is a vertical surface, and the outer wall of the side wall is a sloping surface with a slope ratio of 1:0.1 to 1:0.
3. The height of the side wall is defined as H, and the width of the counterweight platform is 0.2H to 0.3H. The gap between two counterweight platforms is filled by leveling and backfilling layer before the backfill soil layer is laid.
4. The construction method for the embankment structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, After construction is completed, the gap formed by the wedge-shaped wooden board is 20~50cm, and the width of the gap gradually decreases along the direction from the bottom to the top of the side wall; the drainage hole gradually slopes downward from the inner wall surface of the side wall to the outer wall surface, and the filter bag is set at the opening position of the drainage hole on the inner wall surface of the side wall.
5. The construction method for the embankment structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, After construction is completed, the road structure layer includes a crushed stone subbase, a cement stabilized layer and a concrete pavement layer laid in sequence, and the surface of the concrete pavement layer has a slope that gradually slopes downward from the middle to both sides.
6. The construction method for the embankment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, After construction, the concrete pavement layer is a permeable pavement. The bottom of the crushed stone subbase is also provided with a drainage layer and a clay sealing layer. The drainage layer is located between the crushed stone subbase and the clay sealing layer, and a drainage perforated pipe is embedded in the drainage layer through the reserved hole. The inclination of the drainage perforated pipe is less than 5%.