Cooling system and cooling method for electrically-driven bulldozer

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrically-driven bulldozer cooling system and a cooling method, and belongs to the technical field of design and manufacture of engineering machinery, the electrically-driven bulldozer cooling system comprises a speed reduction transmission mechanism, a heat dissipation mechanism, a sensor group, a driving mechanism and a controller, different heat dissipation branches connected with a final transmission part are arranged, and the sensor group is connected with the controller. The flow of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation branch is adjusted in time through the corresponding driving circulation loop and depending on the temperature measured by the sensor set, the cooling effect and cooling efficiency of final transmission in the bulldozer are improved, and the situation that a pure electric bulldozer needs a large braking resistor in the braking process is avoided. The problems that an existing bulldozer is poor in final transmission cooling effect and serious in power consumption are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a cooling system and cooling method for an electric bulldozer, belonging to the field of engineering machinery design and manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] A pure battery-powered bulldozer mainly consists of a power battery, inverter, traction motor, final drive, and tracks. The final drive, a crucial component of the bulldozer, is currently primarily a speed reducer. In mining areas, bulldozers often operate or travel on slopes of 30 or even 45 degrees. Under these conditions, braking generates significant heat, causing the speed reducer to overheat. If the speed reducer is frequently exposed to high temperatures, it can lead to internal seal failure, oil leaks, and gear pitting. Furthermore, the heat can be transferred to the connected traction motor, potentially causing the entire machine to shut down and posing serious safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cooling system and cooling method for electric bulldozers, which improves the cooling effect and efficiency of the final drive in bulldozers and solves the problems of poor cooling effect and high power consumption of the current bulldozer final drive.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: This invention provides a cooling system for an electric bulldozer, comprising: A speed reduction transmission mechanism, including at least two final drive units located at the power output end; A heat dissipation mechanism, including heat dissipation branches connected to at least two final drive units, for cooling the cooling medium of different final drive units; The sensor array is used to measure the temperature of the cooling medium inside the final drive unit and the temperature of the cooling medium after it has been cooled by the heat dissipation mechanism. The drive mechanism is connected to different heat dissipation branches to form a drive circulation loop corresponding to different heat dissipation branches, which is used to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation branches; The controller is electrically connected to the speed reduction transmission mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism, the drive mechanism, and the sensor group, respectively.

[0005] Optionally, the heat dissipation branch includes a radiator and a filter; The liquid outlet of the radiator is connected to the final drive unit, and the liquid inlet is connected to the drive mechanism. The filter inlet is connected to the final drive unit, and the outlet is connected to the drive mechanism. The controller is electrically connected to the heat sink.

[0006] Optionally, the sensor group includes a first sensor and a second sensor; The first sensor and the second sensor are electrically connected to the controller, respectively; The first sensor is located inside the final drive unit and is immersed in a cooling medium; The second sensor is located at the liquid outlet of the radiator.

[0007] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes an engine, a piston pump, a hydraulic tank, and drive circulation loops corresponding to different cooling branches; The power output end of the engine is connected to the power input end of the plunger pump; The outlet of the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the inlet of the plunger pump; The drive circulation loop is connected to the oil outlet of the plunger pump, the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank, and different heat dissipation branches.

[0008] Optionally, the drive circulation loop includes a motor drive distribution valve and motor pumps corresponding to different heat dissipation branches; The motor-driven distribution valve is electrically connected to the controller. The motor drive distribution valve includes an oil inlet, an oil return port, and an oil guide port corresponding to the motor pump; the oil inlet is connected to the oil outlet of the plunger pump, the oil return port is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank, and the oil guide port is connected to the motor side of the motor pump. The pump side of the motor pump is connected to different heat dissipation branches.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides a cooling method for an electric bulldozer, the method being based on the electric bulldozer cooling system described above, comprising: The first temperature of the cooling medium inside each final drive unit and the second temperature of the cooling medium after cooling in different heat dissipation branches are obtained. If the first temperature meets the first preset threshold, the motor drive distribution valve is opened, and the oil guide port corresponding to the heat dissipation branch is connected to the motor pump. Adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium in different heat dissipation branches based on the first temperature and the second temperature.

[0010] Furthermore, the first preset threshold is 70°C.

[0011] Furthermore, adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium in different heat dissipation branches according to the first temperature and the second temperature includes: If the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature meets the second preset threshold, the hydraulic oil flow rate of the motor pump corresponding to the heat dissipation branch is increased, and the coolant flow rate in the heat dissipation branch is increased.

[0012] Furthermore, the second preset threshold is 20°C.

[0013] Furthermore, if the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature corresponding to at least two heat dissipation branches both meet the second preset threshold, then the hydraulic oil flow rate of the motor pump corresponding to the heat dissipation branch is increased sequentially from largest to smallest according to the magnitude of the difference.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: This invention sets up different heat dissipation branches connected to the final drive unit. By adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation branches in a timely manner through the corresponding drive circulation loop and relying on the temperature measured by the sensor group, the cooling effect and efficiency of the final drive in the bulldozer are improved. This avoids the situation where the whole machine needs a large braking resistance during the braking process of pure electric bulldozers, and solves the problem of poor cooling effect and serious power consumption of the current bulldozer final drive. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cooling system for an electric bulldozer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling system of an electric bulldozer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a cooling method for an electric bulldozer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Reduction transmission mechanism; 101. Left reducer; 102. Right reducer; 2. Cooling mechanism; 201. Left radiator; 202. Left filter; 203. Right radiator; 204. Right filter; 3. Drive mechanism; 301. Hydraulic oil tank; 302. Motor drive distribution valve; 303. Left motor pump; 304. Right motor pump. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, a cooling system for an electric bulldozer includes: a reduction transmission mechanism 1, a heat dissipation mechanism 2, a sensor group, a drive mechanism 3, and a controller (not shown). The reduction transmission mechanism 1 includes at least two final drive units located at the power output end; in this embodiment, the final drive unit is a reducer, which is arranged in a left-right layout. For distinction, the left and right reducers are the left reducer 101 and the right reducer 102, respectively. Both the left reducer 101 and the right reducer 102 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] The heat dissipation mechanism 2 includes heat dissipation branches connected to at least two final drive units for cooling the cooling medium of different final drive units; specifically: like Figure 2 As shown, taking the reducer arranged left and right in this embodiment as an example, the heat dissipation branch includes a left heat dissipation branch and a right heat dissipation branch; The left heat dissipation branch includes a left heat sink 201 and a left filter 202; The outlet of the left radiator 201 is connected to the left reducer 101, and the inlet is connected to the drive mechanism 3. The inlet end of the left filter 202 is connected to the left reducer 101, and the outlet end is connected to the drive mechanism 3; The right heat dissipation branch includes a right heat sink 203 and a right filter 204; The outlet of the right radiator 203 is connected to the right reducer 102, and the inlet is connected to the drive mechanism 3. The inlet end of the right filter 204 is connected to the right reducer 102, and the outlet end is connected to the drive mechanism 3. The controller is electrically connected to the left heat sink 201 and the right heat sink 203 respectively.

[0020] The sensor array is used to measure the temperature of the cooling medium inside the final drive unit and the temperature of the cooling medium after it has been cooled by the heat dissipation mechanism 2; specifically: The sensor group (not shown) includes a first sensor A, a first sensor B, a second sensor A, and a second sensor B; wherein, the first sensor A, the first sensor B, the second sensor A, and the second sensor B are all electrically connected to the controller; The first sensor A is installed inside the left reducer 101 and immersed in the cooling medium, and the second sensor A is installed at the liquid outlet of the left radiator 201; the first sensor B is installed inside the right reducer 102 and immersed in the cooling medium, and the second sensor B is installed at the liquid outlet of the right radiator 203.

[0021] Drive mechanism 3 is connected to different heat dissipation branches, forming drive circulation loops corresponding to different heat dissipation branches, used to adjust the flow rate of cooling medium in the heat dissipation branches; specifically: The drive mechanism 3 includes an engine (not shown), a plunger pump (not shown), a hydraulic oil tank 301, and drive circulation loops corresponding to different heat dissipation branches; wherein, the power output end of the engine is connected to the power input end of the plunger pump, the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 301 is connected to the oil inlet of the plunger pump, and the drive circulation loops are respectively connected to the oil outlet of the plunger pump, the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank 301, the left heat dissipation branch, and the right heat dissipation branch; The drive circulation loop includes a motor drive distribution valve 302, a left motor pump 303 corresponding to the left heat dissipation branch, and a right motor pump 304 corresponding to the right heat dissipation branch; Among them, the motor-driven distribution valve 302 is electrically connected to the controller; The motor-driven distribution valve 302 includes an oil inlet, an oil return port, a first oil guide port corresponding to the left motor pump 303, and a second oil guide port corresponding to the right motor pump 304. The oil inlet of the motor-driven distribution valve 302 is connected to the oil outlet of the plunger pump, and the oil return port is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank 303. The first oil guide port is connected to the motor side of the left motor pump 303, and the pump side of the left motor pump 303 is connected to the liquid inlet of the left radiator 201 and the liquid outlet of the left filter 202 respectively. The second oil guide port is connected to the motor side of the right motor pump 304, and the pump side of the right motor pump 304 is connected to the liquid inlet of the right radiator 203 and the liquid outlet of the right filter 204 respectively. The engine drives the plunger pump to operate, so that the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 301 enters the motor drive distribution valve 302 through the plunger pump. The hydraulic oil is then diverted and distributed in the motor drive distribution valve 302. It flows into the motor side of the left motor pump 303 through the first oil guide port and into the motor side of the right motor pump 304 through the second oil guide port. The hydraulic oil entering the motor pump side causes the motor to drive the pump side to operate, thereby causing the pump side of the left motor pump 305 to start driving the cooling medium in the left heat dissipation branch to accelerate flow, and the pump side of the right motor pump 306 to start driving the cooling medium in the right heat dissipation branch to accelerate flow. Example 2

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, a cooling method for an electric bulldozer includes: Based on the first sensor A, the first temperature A of the cooling medium inside the left reducer is obtained; Based on the second sensor A, the second temperature A of the cooling medium after being cooled by the left heat sink is obtained; Based on the first sensor B, the first temperature B of the cooling medium inside the right reducer is obtained; Based on the second sensor B, the second temperature B of the cooling medium after being cooled by the right heat sink is obtained; If the first temperature A meets the first preset threshold or the first temperature B meets the first preset threshold, then the motor drive distribution valve is opened to connect the first oil guide port to the left motor pump or the second oil guide port to the right motor pump; the first preset threshold is 70℃. The left radiator begins to cool the cooling medium in the left heat dissipation branch, or the right radiator begins to cool the cooling medium in the right heat dissipation branch. If the difference between the first temperature A and the second temperature A meets the second preset threshold, or the difference between the first temperature B and the second temperature B meets the second preset threshold, then the flow rate of hydraulic oil in the left motor pump is increased, thereby increasing the flow rate of cooling medium in the left heat dissipation branch, or the flow rate of hydraulic oil in the right motor pump is increased, thereby increasing the flow rate of cooling medium in the right heat dissipation branch; the second preset threshold is 20℃. If the difference between the first temperature A and the second temperature A, and the difference between the first temperature B and the second temperature B both meet the second preset threshold, and if the difference between the first temperature A and the second temperature A is greater than the difference between the first temperature B and the second temperature B, then the increase in hydraulic oil flow rate in the left motor pump is greater than the increase in hydraulic oil flow rate in the right motor pump; otherwise, the increase in hydraulic oil flow rate in the right motor pump is greater than the increase in hydraulic oil flow rate in the left motor pump.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling system for an electric bulldozer, characterized in that, include: The speed reduction transmission mechanism (1) includes at least two final drive units located at the power output end; The heat dissipation mechanism (2) includes heat dissipation branches connected to at least two final drive units for cooling the cooling medium of different final drive units; The sensor group is used to measure the temperature of the cooling medium inside the final drive unit and the temperature of the cooling medium after being cooled by the heat dissipation mechanism (2); The drive mechanism (3) is connected to different heat dissipation branches to form a drive circulation loop corresponding to different heat dissipation branches, which is used to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium in the heat dissipation branches; The controller is electrically connected to the speed reduction transmission mechanism (1), the heat dissipation mechanism (2), the drive mechanism (3), and the sensor group, respectively.

2. The cooling system for an electric bulldozer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation branch includes a radiator and a filter; The outlet end of the radiator is connected to the final drive unit, and the inlet end is connected to the drive mechanism (3); The filter inlet is connected to the final drive unit, and the outlet is connected to the drive mechanism (3); The controller is electrically connected to the heat sink.

3. The cooling system for an electric bulldozer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor group includes a first sensor and a second sensor; The first sensor and the second sensor are electrically connected to the controller, respectively; The first sensor is located inside the final drive unit and is immersed in a cooling medium; The second sensor is located at the liquid outlet of the radiator.

4. The cooling system for an electric bulldozer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes an engine, a piston pump, a hydraulic oil tank (301), and drive circulation loops corresponding to different heat dissipation branches; The power output end of the engine is connected to the power input end of the plunger pump; The outlet of the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the inlet of the plunger pump; The drive circulation loop is connected to the oil outlet of the piston pump, the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank (301), and different heat dissipation branches.

5. The cooling system for an electric bulldozer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive circulation loop includes a motor drive distribution valve (302) and motor pumps corresponding to different heat dissipation branches; The motor-driven distribution valve (302) is electrically connected to the controller; The motor drive distribution valve (302) includes an oil inlet, an oil return port and an oil guide port corresponding to the motor pump; the oil inlet is connected to the oil outlet of the plunger pump, the oil return port is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank (301), and the oil guide port is connected to the motor side of the motor pump. The pump side of the motor pump is connected to different heat dissipation branches.

6. A cooling method for an electric bulldozer, characterized in that, The method is based on the electric bulldozer cooling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and includes: The first temperature of the cooling medium inside each final drive unit and the second temperature of the cooling medium after cooling in different heat dissipation branches are obtained. If the first temperature meets the first preset threshold, the motor drive distribution valve is opened, and the oil guide port corresponding to the heat dissipation branch is connected to the motor pump. Adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium in different heat dissipation branches based on the first temperature and the second temperature.

7. The cooling method for an electric bulldozer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first preset threshold is 70°C.

8. The cooling method for an electric bulldozer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium in different heat dissipation branches according to the first temperature and the second temperature includes: If the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature meets the second preset threshold, the hydraulic oil flow rate of the motor pump corresponding to the heat dissipation branch is increased, and the coolant flow rate in the heat dissipation branch is increased.

9. The cooling method for an electric bulldozer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second preset threshold is 20°C.

10. The cooling method for an electric bulldozer according to claim 8, characterized in that, If the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature corresponding to at least two heat dissipation branches meets the second preset threshold, then the hydraulic oil flow rate of the motor pump corresponding to the heat dissipation branch is increased sequentially from largest to smallest according to the magnitude of the difference.

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