Gradient cylindrical formwork system and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gradually-changed cylindrical formwork system and a construction method. In the formwork system, a cylindrical formwork assembly comprises two semicircular formworks capable of forming a whole cylindrical formwork in a surrounding mode and first hoop pieces used for being distributed in the axial direction of the whole cylindrical formwork and conducting hooping; the circular truncated cone formwork assembly comprises two semicircular truncated cone formworks capable of forming a whole circular truncated cone formwork in a surrounding mode and second hoop pieces, protruding blocks are distributed on the outer walls of the semicircular truncated cone formworks, circumferential limiting holes and protruding pull holes are formed in the protruding blocks, and the second hoop pieces are used for being distributed in the axial direction of the whole circular truncated cone formwork and conducting hooping after penetrating through the multiple limiting holes. The pull holes are used as connecting points of inhaul cables during construction, so that the periphery of the whole circular truncated cone formwork is tensioned; the node reinforcing assembly comprises two reinforcing plates which can be attached to and surround the upper end of the whole cylindrical formwork and the lower end of the whole circular truncated cone formwork at the same time in the surrounding process, and the two reinforcing plates are connected with each other in the surrounding process. According to the formwork system, the reinforcing effect is ensured, joint deformation, slurry leakage, torsional deformation and shaking are avoided, the turnover frequency is large, and assembly and disassembly are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction, specifically relating to a gradient cylindrical formwork system and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Because gradient cylinders combine structural stability with visual aesthetics, they are increasingly being used in commercial complexes, cultural venues, bridge piers, commemorative buildings, and other settings.

[0003] Current methods for constructing gradient cylinders typically employ a formwork support scheme of "pieced-together wooden molds + wire binding," which presents the following problems: Joint deformation and grout leakage: At the joint connecting the cylindrical section and the frustum column section, due to the sudden change in cross-sectional dimensions, the formwork splicing joint is prone to misalignment. The grout leakage rate during concrete pouring is as high as 5%-8%, which leads to honeycomb and pitting on the surface of the column after molding, requiring secondary repair and affecting the appearance quality. Poor reinforcement effect of truncated column section: Due to the slope of the truncated column section formwork, traditional vertical clamps are difficult to provide effective restraint, and the whole slippage is prone to occur during pouring. The measured slippage can reach 10-15mm. The formwork of the truncated cone column segment is prone to torsional deformation: When the truncated cone column segment is relatively high, the formwork of the truncated cone column segment is prone to uneven stress and torsional deformation during the pouring process. Installation time: 6-8 people / day are needed per loosely assembled wooden mold, resulting in low installation efficiency; Low turnover rate: The template is prone to warping and cracking after 2-3 uses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gradient cylindrical formwork system and a gradient cylindrical construction method based on the above formwork system. This formwork system ensures the reinforcement effect of the whole cylindrical formwork and the whole truncated cylindrical formwork, avoids node deformation and grout leakage, prevents torsional deformation and shaking during the pouring of the truncated cylindrical formwork, allows for a large number of formwork turnovers, and is convenient to load and unload.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A gradient cylindrical formwork system includes cylindrical formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components corresponding to nodes connected to cylindrical segments, frustum column segments, and cylindrical segments and frustum column segments, respectively. The cylindrical formwork component includes two semi-circular formworks that can be joined together by tongue and groove joints on their sides to form a complete cylindrical formwork, and a clamping member (first type) for distribution and tightening along the axial direction of the complete cylindrical formwork. The frustum column formwork component includes two semi-frustum formworks that can be joined together by tongue and groove joints on their sides to form a complete frustum column formwork, and a clamping member (second type). The outer wall of the semi-frustum formworks has protrusions, each with circumferential limiting holes and protruding pull holes. The clamping member (second type) is distributed along the axial direction of the complete frustum column formwork and tightens after passing through multiple limiting holes. The pull holes serve as connection points for cables during construction, thereby achieving tightening of the entire frustum column formwork around its perimeter. The node reinforcement component includes two reinforcement plates that, when joined together, can simultaneously adhere to and surround the upper and lower ends of the complete cylindrical formwork and the complete frustum column formwork. The two reinforcement plates are connected to each other by butt joint plates on their sides when joined together.

[0006] Preferably, regarding the tongue and groove joints on the sides of the semi-circular template and the semi-circular platform template: the tongue and groove joints are divided into mutually cooperating concave tongue and groove joints and convex tongue and groove joints. The concave tongue and groove joints have an inner groove in the middle of the side, and the convex tongue and groove joints have an outer protrusion in the middle of the side and protrusions on both sides of the side. The protrusions extend forward along the original direction. When closed, the outer protrusions cooperate with the inner groove, and one side is inserted between the two protrusions of the other side.

[0007] Preferably, the main body of the clamp is two flat, arc-shaped steel strips, which are bent at the ends and connected to each other by bolts to adjust the tightness.

[0008] Preferably, the main body of the clamping component two is a steel rope or steel chain, and the two ends of the steel rope or steel chain are connected by tie members and the tension can be adjusted.

[0009] Preferably, each clamping member 2 corresponds to at least three protrusions, and the protrusions corresponding to each clamping member 2 are not concentrated on a semi-circular template.

[0010] Preferably, there is a type of protrusion that can assist in aligning two semi-circular truncated templates, denoted as protrusion a; protrusion a is distributed on the side of the semi-circular truncated template, protrusion a is broken into two parts and the two parts are respectively set on the two semi-circular truncated templates, and the limiting holes of the two parts of protrusion a are aligned when the two semi-circular truncated templates are aligned.

[0011] Preferably, the mating plates on the sides of the two reinforcing plates are connected to each other by bolts and the tightness can be adjusted.

[0012] Preferably, sealing strips are provided at the joints of the two semi-circular templates, the joints of the two semi-circular platform templates, and the joints between the whole circular platform template and the whole circular column template.

[0013] A method for constructing a gradient cylindrical shape, based on the above-mentioned formwork system: Before construction: First, use BIM technology to create a model of the gradient cylinder; then use the model to design the cylinder formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components, to obtain the unfolded and segmented splicing diagrams of the semi-circular formwork, semi-frustum formwork, and reinforcing plate, as well as the position and size parameters of clamp component one, clamp component two, and protrusions; then obtain the prefabricated cylinder formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components. During construction: First, hoist two semi-circular templates and assemble them into a complete cylindrical template using the tongue-and-groove joints on the sides. Then, arrange and tighten the clamps along the axial direction of the complete cylindrical template. Next, hoist two semi-circular truncated templates onto the complete cylindrical template and assemble them into a complete truncated column template using the tongue-and-groove joints on the sides. Arrange the second clamp along the axial direction of the complete truncated column template, passing through multiple limiting holes and tightening it. Then, hoist two reinforcing plates and assemble them to simultaneously surround the upper and lower ends of the complete cylindrical and truncated column templates. Connect the two reinforcing plates to each other using the side connecting plates. Then, connect the cables to the corresponding tension holes to tighten the complete truncated column template from all sides. Then, pour the concrete. After curing, remove and recycle the cables, node components, clamp two, semi-circular truncated templates, clamp one, and semi-circular templates in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, before pouring, the critical stress zone is determined according to the shape and size of the cylindrical and frustum sections; during pouring, layered pouring and vibration are adopted, with each layer not exceeding 1.2m in height and the construction joint position avoiding the critical stress zone; after pouring, the concrete is cured and the internal temperature is monitored, and the formwork is removed after the strength reaches 100%.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This formwork system can lock and reinforce both cylindrical and frustum-shaped formwork. The cylindrical formwork is secured by clamp one, and the frustum-shaped formwork by clamp two. Clamp two has multiple limiting holes to prevent it from shifting on the conical surface of the frustum-shaped formwork, ensuring effective locking and reinforcement. Locking and reinforcement can be achieved simply by adjusting the locking force of clamp one and clamp two, guaranteeing the reinforcement effect for both cylindrical and frustum-shaped formwork. Furthermore, the system utilizes node reinforcement components to simultaneously fit and lock the upper and lower ends of both cylindrical and frustum-shaped formwork, thus locking and reinforcing the connected areas of the cylindrical and frustum-shaped formwork. This system ensures the precision of the splicing of both the cylindrical and truncated circular column formworks, while also reinforcing the connected areas to prevent joint deformation and grout leakage. During construction, the system utilizes tension holes to tighten the truncated circular column formwork around its perimeter, preventing torsional deformation and swaying during pouring. Both the cylindrical and truncated circular column formworks receive relatively uniform stress, resulting in minimal damage and deformation of less than 0.5mm. It is suitable for constructing large-diameter, gradually changing cylindrical columns, up to 1800mm in diameter, and allows for more than 5 reuses. The cylindrical, truncated circular column, and joint components are easy to assemble and disassemble, reducing installation time to less than 4 hours. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the gradient cylindrical support system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the gradient cylindrical support system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the cylindrical template in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the circular pedestal template in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tongue and groove joint on the side of the semi-circular template (semi-circular frustum template) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping component one in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of protrusions on the whole circular column template in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the gradient cylindrical support system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the picture: 100-Semicircular template; 200 - Clamping part 1; 210 - Curved steel strip; 220 - Bolt; 300 - Semi-circular frustum template; 310 - Protrusion; 311 - Limiting hole; 312 - Pull hole; 400-Clamping Part Two; 500 - Reinforcing plate; 510 - Butt joint plate; 520 - Bolt; 60 - Concave tongue and groove; 61 - Internal groove; 70-convex tongue; 71-outer bump; 72-protrusion; 800-Lasso. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "clamping component one," "clamping component two," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0031] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a gradient cylindrical formwork system, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a cylindrical template component, a frustum column template component, and a node component; wherein: The cylindrical formwork assembly corresponds to the cylindrical section. The cylindrical formwork assembly includes two semi-circular formworks 100 and several clamping members 200. The two semi-circular formworks 100 have tongue-and-groove joints on both sides, allowing the two semi-circular formworks 100 to fit together to form a complete cylindrical formwork. The clamping members 200 are distributed along the axial direction of the complete cylindrical formwork and tighten it. See [link / description]. Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 9.

[0032] The truncated cone column template assembly corresponds to the truncated cone section. The assembly includes two semi-truncated cone templates 300 and several clamping members 400. The two semi-truncated cone templates 300 have tongue-and-groove joints on both sides, allowing them to fit together to form a complete truncated cone column template. The outer wall of each semi-truncated cone template 300 has protrusions 310, each with a limiting hole 311 and a pull hole 312. The limiting hole 311 is circumferential, and the pull hole 312 is protruding. The clamping members 400 are distributed along the axial direction of the complete truncated cone column template and tighten after passing through multiple limiting holes 311. The pull holes 312 serve as connection points for cables 800 during construction, thus achieving circumferential tightening of the entire truncated cone column template. Figure 1 , 2 4, 8, 9; The node reinforcement component corresponds to the "connection node between the cylindrical segment and the frustum column segment". The node reinforcement component includes two reinforcement plates 500. When the two reinforcement plates 500 are closed, they can simultaneously fit and surround the upper end of the entire cylindrical template and the lower end of the entire frustum column template. Each reinforcement plate 500 has a mating plate 510 on both sides. When the two reinforcement plates 500 are closed, they are connected to each other through the mating plates 510 on the sides. See [link / description]. Figure 1 , 2 6, 9.

[0033] In this embodiment, the tongue and groove joints, besides being used for splicing, also serve a seepage prevention function. Regarding the tongue and groove joints on the side of the semi-circular formwork 100 and the side of the semi-circular platform formwork 300, as follows... Figure 5 As shown: The tongue and groove joint consists of a concave tongue and groove 60 and a convex tongue and groove 70 that fit together. The concave tongue and groove 60 has an inner groove 61 in the middle of its side, while the convex tongue and groove 70 has an outer protrusion 71 in the middle of its side and protrusions 72 on both sides of its side. The protrusions 72 extend forward along their original direction. When closed, the outer protrusion 71 engages with the inner groove 61, and one side fits between the two protrusions 72 on the other side. This tongue and groove design can form a multi-layer interlocking structure. In particular, the outer protrusion 71 and the inner groove 61 are located within the two protrusions 72, which can prevent concrete from entering the side, resulting in good seepage prevention and dirt prevention effects.

[0034] Clamp 200 and clamp 400 are key components for achieving locking and reinforcement. In this embodiment, preferably: like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 7 and 9, the main body of the clamp 200 consists of two flat, arc-shaped steel strips 210. The two arc-shaped steel strips 210 are bent at their ends and connected to each other by bolts 220, allowing for adjustment of tension. The arc-shaped steel strips 210 match the outer arc shape of the cylindrical template. Their flat structure increases the contact area and improves the reinforcement effect. Adjusting the tension using bolts 220 is convenient. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped steel strips 210 have a width of 30mm, a thickness of 4mm, a vertical spacing of 100mm, and a locking force of 20kN.

[0035] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 9, the main body of the clamp component 400 is a steel rope or chain. The two ends of the steel rope or chain are connected by a tie rod and the tension can be adjusted. The steel rope or chain facilitates passing through the limiting hole 311. In this embodiment, the diameter of the steel rope or chain is 15mm, the locking force reaches 30kN, and the tie rod can be a turnbuckle or other similar parts.

[0036] To ensure reliable reinforcement, in this embodiment, preferably: Each clamping component 2 400 corresponds to at least three protrusions 310. The protrusions 310 corresponding to each clamping component 2 400 are not concentrated on one semi-circular template 300, so that two semi-circular templates 300 can be locked at the same time.

[0037] The alignment of the semi-circular truncated formwork 300 is crucial to the construction quality of the truncated column section. Therefore, in this embodiment, preferably: like Figure 8 As shown, there exists a type of protrusion that assists in aligning two semi-circular frustum templates 300, denoted as protrusion a. Protrusion a is distributed on the side of the semi-circular frustum template 300, and is broken into two parts, with each part located on one of the two semi-circular frustum templates 300. When the two semi-circular frustum templates 300 are aligned, the limiting holes 311 of the two parts of protrusion a are aligned. The alignment of the two semi-circular frustum templates 300 can be determined by observing whether the limiting holes 311 of the two parts of protrusion a are aligned. Alternatively, after the clamping member 2 passes through the limiting holes 311 of the two parts of protrusion a, the clamping member 2 400 can be used to fine-tune the alignment of the two semi-circular frustum templates 300.

[0038] In this embodiment, preferably: Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 9, the mating plates 510 on the sides of the two reinforcing plates 500 are connected to each other by bolts 520 and the tightness can be adjusted. The operation is convenient by adjusting the tightness using bolts 520.

[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, sealing strips are installed at the joints of the two semi-circular templates 100, the joints of the two semi-circular platform templates 300, and the joints between the whole circular platform template and the whole circular column template to further prevent grout leakage. In this embodiment, the sealing strips are 3mm thick EPDM sealing strips.

[0040] This formwork system can lock and reinforce the cylindrical formwork and the truncated circular column formwork. The cylindrical formwork is locked and reinforced by clamp 200, and the truncated circular column formwork is locked and reinforced by clamp 400. Clamp 400 has multiple limiting holes 311, which can prevent clamp 400 from moving on the conical surface of the truncated circular column formwork, thus ensuring the locking and reinforcement effect of the truncated circular column formwork. The locking and reinforcement can be achieved by simply adjusting the locking force of clamp 200 and clamp 400, thus ensuring the reinforcement effect of the cylindrical formwork and the truncated circular column formwork.

[0041] This formwork system can use node reinforcement components to simultaneously fit and lock the upper end of the whole cylindrical formwork and the lower end of the whole circular pediment formwork. Therefore, it can lock and reinforce the connected area of ​​the whole cylindrical formwork and the whole circular pediment formwork, which not only ensures the splicing accuracy of the whole cylindrical formwork and the whole circular pediment formwork, but also reinforces the connected area and avoids node deformation and grout leakage.

[0042] This formwork system can tighten the entire circular pedestal formwork around the perimeter using the pull holes 312 during construction, which can prevent torsional deformation and shaking during the pouring of the circular pedestal formwork.

[0043] In this formwork system, both the cylindrical and truncated cylindrical formwork can be subjected to relatively uniform stress, thus minimizing damage to the formwork. The formwork deformation is less than 0.5mm, making it suitable for the construction of large-sized gradually changing cylindrical columns with a diameter of 1800mm. The formwork can be reused more than 5 times.

[0044] The cylindrical formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components in this formwork system are easy to assemble and disassemble, and the installation time is shortened to less than 4 hours.

[0045] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a construction method for a gradient cylinder, based on the formwork system in Embodiment 1 above, including the following steps: S1. Before construction: S1.1. Use BIM technology to create a model of the gradient cylinder.

[0046] S1.2. Using the model, design the cylindrical template component, the frustum template component, and the node component to obtain the unfolded and segmented splicing diagrams of the semicircular template 100, the semicircular template 300, and the reinforcing plate 500, as well as the position and size parameters of the clamping part 1 200, the clamping part 2 400, and the protrusion 310.

[0047] S1.3 Obtain the prefabricated cylindrical template assembly, frustum column template assembly, and node assembly.

[0048] S2. During construction: S2.1. Hoist two semi-circular templates 100 and assemble them into a complete cylindrical template by using the tongue and groove joints on the sides. Then, arrange and tighten the clamping member 200 along the axial direction of the complete cylindrical template.

[0049] S2.2. Hang the two semi-circular truncated templates 300 on the whole circular column template, and use the tongue and groove joints on the sides to form the whole circular truncated column template. Then arrange the clamping member 400 along the axial direction of the whole circular truncated column template, so that the clamping member 400 passes through multiple limiting holes 311 and is tightened.

[0050] S2.3 Hoist two reinforcing plates 500 so that the two reinforcing plates 500 surround and simultaneously adhere to the upper end of the whole circular column template and the lower end of the whole circular platform column template. Then connect the two reinforcing plates 500 to each other through the side connecting plates 510.

[0051] S2.4 Connect the cable 800 to the corresponding pull hole 312 so that the cable 800 tightens the entire circular column template from all sides.

[0052] S2.5. Pouring: Before pouring, determine the critical stress areas based on the shape and size of the cylindrical and frustum sections; during pouring, pour in layers and vibrate, with each layer not exceeding 1.2m in height and ensuring that the construction joints are located away from the critical stress areas; after pouring, cure and monitor the internal temperature of the concrete, and remove the formwork only after the strength reaches 100%.

[0053] S2.6. Sequentially remove and recycle cable 800, node component, hoop 2 400, semi-circular formwork 300, hoop 1 200, and semi-circular formwork 100.

[0054] Using BIM design can quickly and accurately obtain detailed solutions for cylindrical formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components.

[0055] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The detailed description of the embodiments of this application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A gradient cylindrical formwork system, characterized in that: The system includes cylindrical formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components corresponding to nodes connected to cylindrical segments, frustum column segments, and cylindrical segments and frustum column segments, respectively. The cylindrical formwork component includes two semi-circular formworks that can be joined together to form a complete cylindrical formwork through tongue-and-groove joints on their sides, and a clamping component one for distribution and tightening along the axial direction of the complete cylindrical formwork. The frustum column formwork component includes two semi-frustum formworks that can be joined together to form a complete frustum column formwork through tongue-and-groove joints on their sides, and a clamping component two. The outer wall of the semi-frustum formwork has protrusions with circumferential limiting holes and protruding pull holes. The clamping component two is distributed along the axial direction of the complete frustum column formwork and tightens after passing through multiple limiting holes. The pull holes serve as connection points for cables during construction, thereby achieving tightening around the entire frustum column formwork. The node reinforcement component includes two reinforcement plates that, when joined, can simultaneously adhere to and surround the upper and lower ends of the complete cylindrical formwork and the complete frustum column formwork. The two reinforcement plates are connected to each other through side butt plates when joined.

2. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Regarding the tongue and groove joints on the sides of the semi-circular template and the semi-circular platform template: Tongue and groove joints are divided into concave tongue and groove joints that fit together. The concave tongue and groove joint has an inner groove in the middle of the side. The convex tongue and groove joint has an outer protrusion in the middle of the side and protrusions on both sides of the side. The protrusions extend forward along the original direction. When the sides are closed, the outer protrusions fit with the inner groove, and one side fits between the two protrusions of the other side.

3. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the clamp component consists of two flat, arc-shaped steel strips. The two arc-shaped steel strips are bent at the ends and connected to each other by bolts, and the tightness can be adjusted.

4. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the clamp component two is a steel rope or steel chain, and the two ends of the steel rope or steel chain are connected by tie-down components and the tension can be adjusted.

5. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each clamp component 2 has at least three corresponding protrusions, and the protrusions corresponding to each clamp component 2 will not be concentrated on a semi-circular template.

6. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: There exists a type of protrusion that can assist in aligning two semi-circular frustum templates, denoted as protrusion a. Protrusion a is distributed on the side of the semi-circular frustum template. Protrusion a is broken into two parts, and the two parts are respectively set on the two semi-circular frustum templates. When the two semi-circular frustum templates are aligned, the limiting holes of the two parts of protrusion a are aligned.

7. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The two reinforcing plates are connected to each other by bolts, and the tightness can be adjusted.

8. The gradient cylindrical formwork system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Sealing strips are installed at the joints of the two semi-circular templates, the joints of the two semi-circular platform templates, and the joints between the full circular platform template and the full circular column template.

9. A method for constructing a gradient cylinder, characterized in that: Based on the gradient cylindrical support system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; Before construction: First, use BIM technology to create a model of the gradient cylinder; then use the model to design the cylinder formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components, to obtain the unfolded and segmented splicing diagrams of the semi-circular formwork, semi-frustum formwork, and reinforcing plate, as well as the position and size parameters of clamp component one, clamp component two, and protrusions; then obtain the prefabricated cylinder formwork components, frustum column formwork components, and node components. During construction: First, hoist two semi-circular templates and assemble them into a complete cylindrical template using the tongue-and-groove joints on the sides. Then, arrange and tighten the clamps along the axial direction of the complete cylindrical template. Next, hoist two semi-circular truncated templates onto the complete cylindrical template and assemble them into a complete truncated column template using the tongue-and-groove joints on the sides. Arrange the second clamp along the axial direction of the complete truncated column template, passing through multiple limiting holes and tightening it. Then, hoist two reinforcing plates and assemble them to simultaneously surround the upper and lower ends of the complete cylindrical and truncated column templates. Connect the two reinforcing plates to each other using the side connecting plates. Then, connect the cables to the corresponding tension holes to tighten the complete truncated column template from all sides. Then, pour the concrete. After curing, remove and recycle the cables, node components, clamp two, semi-circular truncated templates, clamp one, and semi-circular templates in sequence.

10. The method for constructing a gradient cylinder as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Before pouring, determine the critical stress zones based on the shape and size of the cylindrical and frustum sections. During pouring, use layered pouring and vibration, with each layer not exceeding 1.2m in height and ensuring that the construction joints are located away from the critical stress zones. After pouring, cure and monitor the internal temperature of the concrete, and remove the formwork after the concrete reaches 100% strength.

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