Drilling machine with detection while drilling function

Abstract

The drilling machine comprises a frame, two vertical rods, a sliding frame, a fixing frame and a contact type detection assembly, the two vertical rods are vertically installed on the frame, and the sliding frame is installed on the two vertical rods in a sliding mode and can be driven by a traction system to ascend and descend along the two vertical rods; a power assembly used for driving the drill rod to rotate is arranged on the sliding frame, and the fixing frame is fixedly connected between the two vertical rods. The number of the contact type detection assemblies is two or more, and the two or more contact type detection assemblies are evenly distributed on the periphery of the drill rod. The contact type detection assembly comprises an extension arm, a U-shaped induction frame, induction wheels, a rotating shaft and a sensor used for measuring the rotating angle of the rotating shaft, and during detection while drilling, the extension arm moves towards the drill rod till the two induction wheels make contact with the drill rod. The U-shaped induction frame generates adaptive rotation around the rotating shaft so that the center line of the induction wheel can be parallel to the center line of the drill rod. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and strong interference resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling rigs, and more specifically to a drilling rig with a drilling-while-drilling detection function. Background Technology

[0002] Geological exploration involves using various methods to investigate and probe the geological formations, determine suitable bearing strata, identify the foundation type based on the bearing capacity of these strata, and study the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the soil by analyzing the structure, composition, and content of soil samples collected at a specific depth. Drilling rigs are the primary tools for collecting soil samples and are widely used in geotechnical engineering, geology, water conservancy, and agricultural water and soil engineering. To ensure experimental accuracy, it is necessary to obtain soil samples at the target depth as accurately as possible, minimizing human interference, in order to determine various parameters and provide a basis for numerical analysis.

[0003] Traditional drilling rigs, by optimizing their large size and heavy weight, have reduced transportation difficulties and thus have wider applicability. However, these types of drilling rigs also have the following problems during use: the drilling direction is prone to deviation after the drill rod (or the drill rod-driven core cylinder) enters the ground. Excessive deviation of the core cylinder on the drill rod can lead to stress concentration at the connection between the drill rod and the drive shaft, causing structural damage and affecting drilling construction and operational safety. In the existing technology, there are related solutions for drilling-while-drilling inspection using non-contact measurement methods (such as laser or vibration measurement). However, this method is easily interfered with under harsh working conditions such as high dust and high vibration, resulting in poor reliability of measurement data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To at least partially address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a drilling rig with a drilling-while-drilling detection function, which adopts a mechanical contact measurement method, enabling real-time monitoring of the drill rod attitude with no blind spots and high precision, and has the advantages of simple structure and strong anti-interference.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned main objectives, the present invention provides a drilling rig with a drilling-while-drilling (DWD) detection function, comprising a frame, two uprights, a slide, a fixed frame, and contact detection components. The two uprights are vertically mounted on the frame, the slide is slidably mounted on the two uprights and can be raised and lowered along the two uprights under the drive of a traction system, the slide is equipped with a power component for driving the drill pipe to rotate, and the fixed frame is fixedly connected between the two uprights and located near the bottom end of the uprights; the number of contact detection components is two or more, and the two or more sets of contact detection components are distributed on the outer periphery of the drill pipe;

[0006] The contact detection assembly includes an extension arm and a U-shaped sensing frame. The extension arm is slidably arranged in a direction parallel to the radial direction of the drill pipe. The U-shaped sensing frame is vertically arranged, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the middle position of the U-shaped sensing frame. The extension arm is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through a diamond-shaped bearing seat. A side mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the extension arm, and a sensor for measuring the rotation angle of the rotating shaft is installed on the side mounting bracket. At both ends of the U-shaped sensing frame, sensing wheels are rotatably mounted through bearings. The center lines of the two sensing wheels coincide with each other. During drilling detection, the extension arm moves toward the drill pipe until both sensing wheels are in contact with the drill pipe. The U-shaped sensing frame adaptively rotates around the rotating shaft so that the center lines of the sensing wheels are parallel to the center line of the drill pipe.

[0007] According to one specific embodiment of the present invention, the sensing wheel is a nylon wheel and the sensor is an angle sensor.

[0008] According to one specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of contact detection components is three sets, and the three sets of contact detection components are distributed in a circular array.

[0009] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the contact detection assembly further includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to a fixed frame. A guide rail is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate. The guide rail is slidably installed with the extension arm via a slide table. A side bracket is fixedly connected to the extension arm. The side bracket is provided with an indexing pin for positioning and locking.

[0010] Furthermore, a traction handle is fixedly connected to the end of the extension arm away from the U-shaped sensor frame.

[0011] Furthermore, both ends of the guide rail are fixedly connected with stop seats to block the slides mounted on the guide rail.

[0012] Optionally, protective pads are provided on the side of both stops that contacts the slide.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the power assembly includes a main shaft fixedly connected inside the slide, a drive shaft rotatably mounted inside the main shaft and detachably mounted to the drill pipe, a driven sprocket fixedly connected to the top end of the drive shaft, an upper mounting bracket fixedly connected to the slide, a drive motor fixedly connected to the upper mounting bracket, a drive sprocket keyed to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket being connected by chain drive.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the traction system includes a traction motor fixedly connected inside a frame, a pulley fixedly connected to the top of the frame, a lifting frame fixedly connected to the upper surface of the carriage, a lifting ring provided on the lifting frame, a traction rope installed inside the lifting ring, and the traction rope passing through the pulley and wound around a winding drum that cooperates with the traction motor.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting ring and the traction rope extending from the pulley are both positioned at the centerline of the drill pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: mechanical contact measurement is performed through contact detection components, which directly senses the drill rod posture, resulting in high measurement accuracy and almost no blind spots. At the same time, the data from different contact detection components can be cross-verified, resulting in good detection effect. Since the drill rod status is directly sensed through physical contact, it is less affected by environmental interference such as dust and vibration on site compared with non-contact measurement (such as laser or amplitude measurement), and the data is more reliable, especially suitable for lightweight drilling rigs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side view of the drilling rig with the drilling detection function of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a distribution diagram of the contact detection components and the mounting bracket;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the contact detection assembly and its mounting bracket;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a 3D structural diagram of the contact detection component;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a 3D structural diagram of the power component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Many specific details are set forth in the following description with reference to embodiments in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention; however, it should be understood that the following embodiments and detailed descriptions are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function in the embodiment is such as Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes a frame 1, with uprights 3 on both sides of the frame 1, and a slide 7 slidably installed between the two uprights 3. The slide 7 has a power assembly 6 inside that drives the drill rod 10 to rotate.

[0025] The power assembly 6 includes a main shaft 602 bolted inside the slide 7. A drive shaft 603, which can be detachably mounted to the drill pipe 10, is rotatably installed inside the main shaft 602. A driven sprocket 601 is bolted to the top of the drive shaft 603. An upper mounting bracket 604 is bolted to the upper surface of the slide 7 away from the main shaft 602. A drive motor 606 is bolted to the top of the upper mounting bracket 604. The output shaft of the drive motor 606 passes through the upper mounting bracket 604 and is keyed to a drive sprocket 605. The drive sprocket 605 and the driven sprocket 601 are connected by a chain drive. This layout of the power assembly 6 has the advantages of compact structure and lightweight design.

[0026] When the power unit 6 is working, the drive motor 606 is started. The rotation of the drive motor 606 drives the drive sprocket 605 to drive the driven sprocket 601 to rotate through the chain. The rotation of the driven sprocket 601 drives the drive shaft 603 to rotate inside the main shaft 602. The drive shaft 603 and the drill rod 10 can be detached and installed. The rotation of the drive shaft 603 drives the drill rod 10 to rotate, thereby performing the drilling task.

[0027] The frame 1 is equipped with a traction system that drives the slide 7 to lift along the two uprights 3. The traction system includes a traction motor 2 that is bolted to the inside of the frame 1, a pulley 4 that is bolted to the top of the frame 1, a lifting frame 701 that is bolted to the upper surface of the slide 7, a lifting ring 702 that is provided on the lifting frame 701, and a traction rope 5 that is installed inside the lifting ring 702. The traction rope 5 can be a steel rope. The traction rope 5 passes through the pulley 4 and is wound around a winding drum that cooperates with the traction motor 2.

[0028] When the traction system is working, starting the traction motor 2 causes the winding drum to rotate, which in turn winds the traction rope 5, thus pulling the slide 7 upward. Conversely, releasing the slide 7 downward causes it to release downward. Furthermore, the output end of the traction motor 2 is equipped with a self-locking gearbox, which locks the traction rope 5 in place. It should be noted that both the traction rope 5 and the lifting ring 702, which pass through the pulley 4, are located at the centerline of the drill rod 10, ensuring that the traction force is centered.

[0029] Since the drilling direction may deviate after the drill rod 10 drills into the ground or drives the drill core to drill into the ground, and the degree of deviation is too large, it will not only exceed the industry standard requirements and cause drilling failure, but may also cause irreversible damage to the drill rod 10 and the connection between the drill rod 10 and the drive shaft 603. Therefore, the embodiment detects the degree of deviation of the drilling direction in real time during the drilling process of the drill rod 10.

[0030] A fixing frame 8 is fixed between the two uprights 3 and near the bottom of the uprights 3 by bolts. The fixing frame 8 has three sets of contact detection components 9 inside, which are arranged in a circular array.

[0031] The contact detection assembly 9 includes an extension arm 907 and a U-shaped sensing frame 901. The extension arm 907 is slidably arranged in a direction parallel to the radial direction of the drill rod 10. The U-shaped sensing frame 901 is vertically arranged, and a rotating shaft 903 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the U-shaped sensing frame 901 by bolts. The extension arm 907 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 903 through a diamond-shaped bearing seat 904. A side mounting bracket 905 is fixedly connected to the extension arm 907 by bolts. A sensor 906 for measuring the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 903 is installed on the side mounting bracket 905. The sensor 906 is an angle sensor, model: WDD35D4.

[0032] Induction wheels 902 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the U-shaped induction frame 901 via bearings, specifically symmetrically distributed about the rotation axis 903. The induction wheels 902 are made of wear-resistant nylon, exhibiting almost no elastic or contact deformation, resulting in a long service life and low replacement costs. The centerlines of the two induction wheels 902 coincide. During drilling and monitoring, the extension arm 907 moves towards the drill pipe 10 until both induction wheels 902 are in contact with the drill pipe 10. The U-shaped induction frame 901 then adaptively rotates around the rotation axis 903 to ensure that the centerlines of the induction wheels 902 are parallel to the centerline of the drill pipe 10.

[0033] Specifically, by setting up a U-shaped sensing frame 901 and placing two sensing wheels 902 at the upper and lower ends of the frame, the distance between the two wheels 902 is extended. Both wheels 902 are in contact with the surface of the drill rod 10. Therefore, when the drill rod 10 tilts, the two wheels 902 generate a force in response to the tilt. At this time, the U-shaped sensing frame 901 rotates adaptively around the rotating shaft 903. Thus, the cooperation between the rotating shaft 903 and the two wheels 902 achieves a mechanical contact measurement method, directly measuring the relative posture of the drill rod 10 during drilling. This method is not only more accurate than laser measurement and amplitude measurement, but also simplifies the calculation by measuring the rotation angle through the cooperation of the sensor 906 and the rotating shaft 903 and inferring the degree of drill rod 10 tilt. The calculation process is shown in the example below:

[0034] First, the inclination of drill pipe 10 can be decomposed into two horizontal components: inclination angle. (Angle between drill pipe 10 and the vertical line) and inclination angle .

[0035] The three angle sensors are located at respectively =0°、 =120° =240° azimuth.

[0036] Rotation angle measured by each angle sensor and The component is correlated in the direction of the angle sensor, that is:

[0037]

[0038] in:

[0039] : The rotation angle (in radians) measured by the i-th angle sensor, i=1, 2, 3.

[0040] : Inclination angle of drill pipe 10 (unit: radians), deviation index.

[0041] The tilt angle of drill pipe 10 (in radians), from the first angle sensor ( =0°) Measure counterclockwise.

[0042] : The azimuth angle of the i-th angle sensor ( =0°、 =120° =240°).

[0043] The proportionality constant depends on the geometric parameters of the U-shaped induction frame 901.

[0044] The solution can be obtained by measuring the values ​​from three angle sensors. and :

[0045] Calculation of tilt components:

[0046] ;

[0047] in, and These represent the tilt angles along the X-axis ( (direction) and Y-axis (perpendicular) (Directional) component.

[0048] tilt angle and tilt direction angle :

[0049]

[0050] It is the arctangent function in the four quadrants, ensuring Within the range of 0°–360°.

[0051] Additionally, it should be noted that the drilling rig is recommended to be calibrated after assembly to ensure that the drill rod 10 has a known tilt angle. Record the mean of αᵢ and calculate And the angle sensor needs to be calibrated at zero point regularly (when the drill rod is 10mm vertical). =0), the above calibration and verification processes can all be implemented under existing standardized metrology or calibration specifications.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the drill rod 10 drives the drill core barrel to drill, it is necessary to add and install the drill rod 10 in real time to realize the drilling or drilling core barrel drilling operation. The three sets of contact detection components 9 are in the position state of wrapping the drill rod 10. If the position is not switched, it will affect the addition and installation of the drill rod 10.

[0053] To solve this problem, the embodiment adopts the following approach:

[0054] An mounting plate 914 is bolted inside the mounting frame 8. A guide rail 908 is bolted to the upper surface of the mounting plate 914. One side of the guide rail 908 is slidably mounted to the extension arm 907 via a slide table. A side bracket 911 is bolted to one side of the extension arm 907. The side bracket 911 is provided with an indexing pin 912 for positioning and locking. Correspondingly, in the embodiment, the upper surface of the mounting plate 914 preferably has two pin sleeves 910 that cooperate with the indexing pins 912, which are bolted to it. The pin sleeves 910 are more conducive to forming a stable cooperation with the indexing pins 912.

[0055] Both ends of the guide rail 908 are bolted with stop seats 909 to block the slides mounted on the guide rail 908. The travel of the slides is equal to the distance between the two pin sleeves 910. Rubber pads are provided on the side of each stop seat 909 that contacts the slide. The rubber pads are to reduce damage caused by collisions between the stop seats 909 and the slides; the equal travel of the slides and the distance between the two pin sleeves 910 ensure that the operator can quickly and accurately switch the positions of the indexing pin 912 and the pin sleeves 910 by simply sliding the extension arm 907 until the slide of the extension arm 907 contacts the stop seat 909. It should be noted that the indexing pin 912 and the pin sleeves 910 can be selected and purchased as needed; their structural form is not restricted here and will not be elaborated upon.

[0056] Specifically, when it is necessary to install an additional drill rod 10, the locking state between the indexing pin 912 and the pin sleeve 910 is released, and then the extension arm 907 is pulled outward, causing the extension arm 907 to move along the guide rail 908 via the slide until the slide contacts the end stop 909. At this time, the indexing pin 912 is rotated, causing the indexing pin 912 to re-lock with another pin sleeve 910. This action is repeated three times, thereby completing the discontinuation of the sensing wheels 902 of the three sets of contact detection components 9 from the drill rod 10, leaving a gap, which is the installation gap for the next drill rod 10.

[0057] In this embodiment, the end of the extension arm 907 furthest from the U-shaped sensor frame 901 is bolted to a traction handle 913, which is L-shaped. This structural design helps construction workers to slide and pull the extension arm 907, making the operation more efficient.

[0058] The exemplary usage process of the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) The drilling rig is moved to the designated location by means of, for example, a crane or a transport vehicle.

[0060] (2) Install the drill rod 10 to the bottom of the drive shaft 603. Start the drive motor 606 to drive the drive sprocket 605 to rotate the driven sprocket 601 through the chain. The rotation of the driven sprocket 601 will drive the drive shaft 603 to rotate in the main shaft 602, thereby realizing the rotation of the drill rod 10.

[0061] (3) Using the cooperation with the traction motor 2, the drilling operation of the drill rod 10 is carried out to penetrate deep into the ground.

[0062] (4) Push the extension arm 907 to move so that the two sensing wheels 902 of the U-shaped sensing frame 901 remain in contact with the surface of the drill rod 10. If the drill rod 10 tilts during drilling, the two sensing wheels 902 can rotate adaptively with the tilt of the drill rod 10. At this time, the U-shaped sensing frame 901 rotates around the rotation axis 903 and measures the rotation angle value through the sensor 906. Therefore, the cooperation between the rotation axis 903 and the two sensing wheels 902 can realize the direct measurement of the relative posture of the drill rod 10 during drilling in a mechanical contact measurement method. Among them, thresholds are set for the sensors 906 in the three sets of contact detection components 9. When the degree of tilt of the drill rod 10 exceeds the set threshold, an alarm is triggered or the drilling operation is stopped.

[0063] (5) During continuous drilling, when it is necessary to install additional drill rods 10, the locking state between the indexing pin 912 and the pin sleeve 910 is released, and then the extension arm 907 is pulled outward so that the extension arm 907 moves along the guide rail 908 through the slide until the slide contacts the end stop 909. At this time, the indexing pin 912 is rotated so that the indexing pin 912 is locked with another pin sleeve 910 again. The above actions are repeated three times to complete the discontinuation of the sensing wheels 902 of the three sets of contact detection components 9 from the drill rod 10, thus leaving the installation gap for the next drill rod 10.

[0064] (6) After the drill rod 10 is installed, perform (5) in reverse order. Then, the induction wheels 902 of the three sets of contact detection components 9 will re-contact the drill rod 10. Then repeat the above actions until the drilling operation is completed.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described above by way of embodiments, the above embodiments are only used to exemplify possible implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the present invention should also be covered by the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling rig with a drilling-while-drilling detection function, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (1), two uprights (3), a slide (7), a fixed frame (8), and contact detection components (9). The two uprights (3) are vertically mounted on the frame (1). The slide (7) is slidably mounted on the two uprights (3) and can be lifted and lowered along the two uprights (3) under the drive of the traction system. The slide (7) is equipped with a power component (6) for driving the drill rod (10) to rotate. The fixed frame (8) is fixedly connected between the two uprights (3) and located near the bottom of the uprights (3). There are two or more sets of contact detection components (9), and the two or more sets of contact detection components (9) are distributed on the outer periphery of the drill rod (10). The contact detection assembly (9) includes an extension arm (907) and a U-shaped sensing frame (901). The extension arm (907) is slidably arranged in a direction parallel to the radial direction of the drill rod (10). The U-shaped sensing frame (901) is vertically arranged, and a rotating shaft (903) is fixedly connected at the middle position of the U-shaped sensing frame (901). The extension arm (907) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (903) through a diamond-shaped bearing seat (904). A side mounting bracket (905) is fixedly connected to the extension arm (907), and a [missing information - likely a device or component] is mounted on the side mounting bracket (905). A sensor (906) is used to measure the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (903); wherein, at both ends of the U-shaped sensing frame (901), sensing wheels (902) are rotatably mounted via bearings, and the center lines of the two sensing wheels (902) coincide with each other. During drilling detection, the extension arm (907) moves toward the drill pipe (10) until both sensing wheels (902) are in contact with the drill pipe (10). The U-shaped sensing frame (901) rotates adaptively around the rotating shaft (903) so that the center line of the sensing wheel (902) is parallel to the center line of the drill pipe (10).

2. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing wheel (902) is a nylon wheel, and the sensor (906) is an angle sensor.

3. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of contact detection components (9) is three sets, and the three sets of contact detection components (9) are distributed in a circular array.

4. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact detection assembly (9) also includes a mounting plate (914) fixedly connected to the mounting frame (8). A guide rail (908) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate (914). The guide rail (908) is slidably installed on the extension arm (907) via a slide table. A side bracket (911) is fixedly connected to the extension arm (907). An indexing pin (912) for positioning and locking is provided on the side bracket (911).

5. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 4, characterized in that, A traction handle (913) is fixedly connected to the end of the extension arm (907) away from the U-shaped sensor frame (901).

6. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the guide rail (908) are fixedly connected to stop seats (909) to block the slides mounted on the guide rail (908).

7. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both stops (909) have protective pads on the side that contacts the slide.

8. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power assembly (6) includes a main shaft (602) fixedly connected inside the slide (7). A drive shaft (603) that can be detachably installed with the drill rod (10) is rotatably mounted inside the main shaft (602). A driven sprocket (601) is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft (603). An upper mounting bracket (604) is fixedly connected to the slide (7). A drive motor (606) is fixedly connected to the upper mounting bracket (604). A drive sprocket (605) is keyed to the output shaft of the drive motor (606). The drive sprocket (605) and the driven sprocket (601) are connected by chain drive.

9. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction system includes a traction motor (2) fixedly connected inside the frame (1), a pulley (4) fixedly connected to the top of the frame (1), a lifting frame (701) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slide (7), a lifting ring (702) provided on the lifting frame (701), a traction rope (5) installed inside the lifting ring (702), and the traction rope (5) passing through the pulley (4) and winding around the take-up drum that cooperates with the traction motor (2).

10. The drilling rig with drilling-while-drilling detection function according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lifting ring (702) and the traction rope (5) passing through the pulley (4) are both positioned at the center line of the drill pipe (10).

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