Multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-unit fuel gas transmission and distribution control system which comprises a fuel gas pressure adjusting module used for reducing pressure of introduced high-pressure fuel gas and then conveying the high-pressure fuel gas to a plurality of fuel gas conveying modules at the tail end through a safety diffusion module; the safe diffusion module is arranged between the fuel gas pressure adjusting module and the fuel gas conveying module and used for overpressure alarm, emergency diffusion and safe diffusion of the fuel gas; and the fuel gas conveying module is used for carrying out secondary pressure adjustment on the fuel gas subjected to pressure reduction according to requirements and conveying stable natural gas. Through cooperative control of the fuel gas pressure adjusting module, the safety diffusion module and the fuel gas conveying module, a multi-stage pressure adjusting and dynamic switching mechanism is adopted, real-time pressure monitoring and automatic adjustment are achieved in the fuel gas transmission and distribution process, the problem of ring network pressure unbalance is effectively solved, meanwhile, through double-threshold-value diffusion control of the safety diffusion module, the safety of the ring network is improved, and the reliability of the ring network is improved. And the safety protection capability of the system is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gas transmission and distribution control technology, and more specifically, to a multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing gas transmission and distribution systems suffer from dynamic imbalances in ring network pressure and flow. This is primarily manifested in the fact that multi-point gas transmission and distribution control systems regulate pressure and flow independently at local points, lacking a coordinated mechanism across the entire system. When gas demand in a certain area within the gas transmission and distribution ring network suddenly increases or decreases, it can easily trigger overpressure or underpressure in local pipeline sections, leading to insufficient gas supply. This can even cause pressure fluctuations in the gas transmission and distribution ring network, creating a chain reaction and affecting the overall stability of transmission and distribution.

[0003] Furthermore, gas leakage in ring networks is a significant issue. In densely distributed gas transmission and distribution ring networks, leakage signals are easily interfered with by other nodes, resulting in a high rate of missed reports, delaying emergency repairs, and increasing safety risks. Additionally, existing systems often use preset fixed values ​​for the operating parameters of pressure regulating devices and other equipment within the ring network, failing to dynamically adjust gas load in real time according to the gas demand at multiple points within the network, leading to low equipment operating efficiency.

[0004] In terms of supply and demand forecasting and dynamic scheduling, the existing system's forecast of gas demand at multiple points is mostly based on historical averages. The scheme does not take into account the impact of multiple operating conditions such as weather and seasons, resulting in a certain deviation between equipment selection and actual demand, making it difficult to meet the stable gas supply demand under complex operating conditions.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system and method, which has the advantages of improving gas transmission and distribution stability, realizing dynamic pressure regulation and enhancing safety protection capabilities.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system, including

[0009] The gas pressure regulating module is used to reduce the pressure of the introduced high-pressure gas and then deliver it to several gas delivery modules at the end via a safety venting module.

[0010] The safety venting module is located between the gas pressure regulating module and the gas delivery module and is used for gas overpressure alarm, emergency venting and safety venting.

[0011] The gas delivery module is used to perform secondary pressure regulation on the depressurized gas as needed and to deliver a stable supply of natural gas.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas pressure regulating module includes an air inlet pipe, one end of which is configured as an air inlet for introducing high-pressure gas, and a first ball valve, a first pressure transmitter, a first pressure gauge and a first filter are provided on the air inlet pipe;

[0013] The rear end of the intake pipe is provided with a first pressure regulating pipe and a second pressure regulating pipe connected in parallel;

[0014] The first pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a first shut-off valve, a first pressure regulating valve, a second pressure gauge, and a second ball valve. The second pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a second shut-off valve, a first regulating valve, and a third ball valve. The outlet ends of both the first and second pressure regulating pipelines are connected to one end of the gas outlet pipeline. A second pressure transmitter and a first flow meter are provided on the gas outlet pipeline.

[0015] The second pressure transmitter is used to collect the pressure in the outlet pipeline and send it to the first control unit. The first control unit sends commands to the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve according to the pressure in the outlet pipeline to control the opening and closing of the first pressure regulating pipeline and the second pressure regulating pipeline.

[0016] The other end of the gas outlet pipe is configured as an outlet for discharging the depressurized gas.

[0017] Furthermore, the safety venting module includes an intermediate pipeline for connecting the gas pressure regulating module and the gas delivery module, and a venting pipeline connected to the intermediate pipeline.

[0018] The inlet end of the connecting pipeline is equipped with a third shut-off valve. The venting pipeline is connected to the intermediate pipeline through the first branch and the second branch respectively. A safety valve for controlling the on / off state is provided on the first branch, and a pneumatic needle valve is provided on the second branch. The pneumatic needle valve controls the on / off state of the second branch by pressure data sent by the third pressure transmitter installed on the connecting pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, the gas delivery module includes several gas delivery units arranged in parallel;

[0020] The gas delivery unit includes a delivery pipeline, one end of which is connected to the safety venting module. A fourth ball valve, a second filter, a third pressure gauge, and a second flow meter are provided on the delivery pipeline.

[0021] The other end of the delivery pipeline is provided with a third pressure regulating pipeline and a fourth pressure regulating pipeline connected in parallel;

[0022] The third pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a fourth shut-off valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a flow limiting valve, a differential pressure transmitter, and a fifth ball valve; the fourth pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a fifth shut-off valve, a second regulating valve, and a sixth ball valve; the outlet ends of the third and fourth pressure regulating pipelines are connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through a gas supply pipeline, and a fourth pressure transmitter is provided on the gas supply pipeline.

[0023] The fourth pressure transmitter is used to collect the pressure in the gas supply line and send it to the second control unit. The second control unit sends commands to the fourth and fifth shut-off valves according to the pressure in the gas supply line to control the opening and closing of the third and fourth pressure regulating lines.

[0024] A multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control method includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. High-pressure gas is introduced into the gas pressure regulating module through the gas inlet, flows through the gas inlet pipeline into the first pressure regulating pipeline, and after the pressure is regulated by the first pressure regulating valve, it is introduced into the safety venting module through the gas outlet pipeline.

[0026] S2. During step S1, the second pressure transmitter detects the pressure in the outlet pipeline in real time and sends it to the first control unit. If the pressure in the outlet pipeline is greater than the threshold of the first control unit, the first control unit controls the first shut-off valve to close the first pressure regulating pipeline and controls the second shut-off valve to open the second pressure regulating pipeline.

[0027] S3. High-pressure gas flows through the inlet pipe into the second pressure regulating pipe. After the pressure is regulated by the first regulating valve, it flows through the outlet pipe through the intermediate pipe of the safety venting module and into the gas delivery module.

[0028] S4. During the process of high-pressure gas flowing through the safety venting module, the safety venting module detects the pressure in the intermediate pipeline in real time through the third pressure transmitter;

[0029] When the pressure in the intermediate pipeline exceeds the first threshold, the pneumatic needle valve controls the second branch to open, and the high-pressure gas in the intermediate pipeline is discharged through the second branch and the venting pipeline.

[0030] If the pressure in the intermediate pipeline continues to rise and exceeds the second threshold, the safety valve controls the first branch to open, and the high-pressure gas in the intermediate pipeline is discharged through the first branch and the second branch via the venting pipeline.

[0031] S5. After the high-pressure gas flows into the gas delivery module, it flows through the delivery pipeline into the third pressure regulating pipeline, and after the pressure is regulated by the second pressure regulating valve, it supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment through the gas supply pipeline.

[0032] S6. During step S5, the fourth pressure transmitter detects the pressure in the gas supply line in real time and sends it to the second control unit; if the pressure in the gas supply line is greater than the threshold of the second control unit, the second control unit controls the fourth shut-off valve to close the third pressure regulating line and controls the fifth shut-off valve to open the fourth pressure regulating line.

[0033] S7. High-pressure gas flows through the delivery pipeline into the fourth pressure regulating pipeline. After the pressure is regulated by the second regulating valve, hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen-using equipment through the gas supply pipeline.

[0034] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] By analyzing the pressure transmission path of the ring network, a multi-level coordinated regulation system is proposed. An intermediate pressure buffer layer is set after primary pressure regulation, and a graded release mechanism absorbs pressure surges. To address differences in end-user gas consumption, parallel pressure regulating units are used to achieve secondary pressure adaptation, forming a pressure gradient control chain. Simultaneously, an inter-module linkage mechanism is established to prevent cascading reactions through isolation of abnormal operating conditions.

[0036] Through the coordinated control of the gas pressure regulation module, safety venting module, and gas transmission module, and by adopting a multi-level pressure regulation and dynamic switching mechanism, real-time pressure monitoring and automatic adjustment are achieved during the gas transmission and distribution process, effectively solving the problem of ring network pressure imbalance. At the same time, the dual-threshold venting control of the safety venting module significantly improves the system's safety protection capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system described in this invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas pressure regulating module described in this invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the safe release module described in this invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas delivery module described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention proposes a multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system, including a gas pressure regulating module A, which is used to reduce the pressure of high-pressure gas and then deliver it to the terminal gas transmission module C via a safety venting module B; the safety venting module B is located between the pressure regulating module and the transmission module and is used for overpressure alarm and emergency venting; the gas transmission module C is used for secondary pressure regulation and delivery of stable gas.

[0043] Among them, gas pressure regulation module A refers to the device that performs primary pressure conversion, which can be implemented using a parallel pressure regulating pipeline structure, maintaining stable output pressure by switching different pressure regulating branches. Safety venting module B refers to the pressure anomaly handling device, which can be implemented using a tiered venting valve group, triggering corresponding venting paths by setting different pressure thresholds. Gas delivery module C refers to the end-point pressure adaptation device, which can be implemented using multiple pressure regulating units connected in parallel, selecting the pressure regulating channel according to the needs of the gas-using equipment.

[0044] Specifically, high-pressure gas enters safety venting module B after primary pressure regulation to form intermediate pressure. When the pressure exceeds a set threshold, a tiered venting mechanism is triggered. After entering the delivery module, the intermediate-pressure gas undergoes secondary pressure adaptation through multiple pressure regulating units, each automatically switching its operating state based on end-point pressure feedback. Safety venting module B monitors intermediate pipeline pressure fluctuations in real time. In case of abnormal pressure, it prioritizes opening the low-loss venting path, and when the pressure continues to rise, it activates the high-flow venting path, forming a tiered pressure buffering mechanism.

[0045] Compared to existing technologies, traditional systems employ single-stage pressure regulation with a single safety valve B2. This solution constructs a three-stage pressure regulation system, forming a step-by-step pressure fluctuation absorption mechanism. Existing technologies lack an intermediate pressure buffer layer; this solution incorporates an independent safety venting module B to isolate abnormal operating conditions. Traditional terminal pressure regulating devices operate with fixed parameters; this solution uses parallel pressure regulating units to achieve dynamic pressure adaptation.

[0046] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively mitigates the transmission of pressure fluctuations in the ring network. An intermediate pressure buffer layer absorbs sudden pressure changes upstream, preventing drastic pressure fluctuations at the terminal. The staged venting mechanism reduces gas loss while ensuring safety, and the parallel structure of multiple pressure regulating units improves the accuracy of terminal pressure regulation, meeting the dynamic needs of different gas-consuming devices. The collaborative work between modules forms a pressure gradient control chain, achieving a dynamic balance between ring network pressure and flow.

[0047] This application further proposes a gas pressure regulating module A, including an inlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe is designated as an inlet P1 for introducing high-pressure gas. A first ball valve A1, a first pressure transmitter A2, a first pressure gauge A3, and a first filter A4 are installed on the inlet pipe. A first pressure regulating pipe and a second pressure regulating pipe connected in parallel are provided at the rear end of the inlet pipe. A first shut-off valve A5, a first pressure regulating valve A7, a second pressure gauge A9, and a second ball valve A10 are installed on the first pressure regulating pipe. A second shut-off valve A6, a first regulating valve A8, and a third ball valve A11 are installed on the second pressure regulating pipe. The outlet ends of both pressure regulating pipes are connected to the gas outlet pipe. A second pressure transmitter A12 and a first flow meter A13 are installed on the gas outlet pipe. The second pressure transmitter A12 is used to collect the pressure of the gas outlet pipe and send it to a first control unit A14. The first control unit A14 controls the on / off of the two pressure regulating pipes according to the pressure data. The other end of the gas outlet pipe is designated as a gas outlet.

[0048] The first pressure transmitter A2 is an electronic sensor used for real-time monitoring of the inlet pressure of the intake pipe. It can be implemented using a piezoresistive pressure sensor, transmitting pressure data via a current signal. The first pressure regulating line is an independent pressure regulating channel equipped with a main pressure regulating valve. It can be implemented using an electric pressure regulating valve with PID control, providing rapid response. The second pressure regulating line is a redundant pressure regulating channel equipped with a backup regulating valve, serving as an emergency path in case the main pressure regulating channel fails. The first control unit A14 is a pressure closed-loop control system, which can be implemented using a PLC controller, incorporating a pressure threshold comparison algorithm and valve control logic.

[0049] Specifically, when high-pressure gas enters through inlet P1, the first pressure transmitter A2 and the first pressure gauge A3 synchronously monitor the inlet pressure, and the first filter A4 removes particulate matter from the gas. The gas is then diverted to the parallel first and second pressure regulating pipelines. The first pressure regulating valve A7 in the main pressure regulating pipeline precisely adjusts the pressure according to a preset value, while the first regulating valve A8 in the standby pressure regulating pipeline remains in standby mode. The second pressure transmitter A12 in the outlet pipeline continuously collects outlet pressure data. When the pressure exceeds a set threshold, the first control unit A14 immediately closes the first shut-off valve A5 in the main pressure regulating pipeline and simultaneously opens the second shut-off valve A6 in the standby pressure regulating pipeline, switching to the standby channel for pressure regulation. The independent control mechanisms of the two pressure regulating pipelines provide redundant protection, and the first flow meter A13 synchronously monitors changes in outlet flow rate to ensure the stability of flow output during pressure regulation.

[0050] Compared to existing technologies, traditional gas pressure regulating systems use a single regulating loop and lack real-time feedback control, making them prone to pressure fluctuations when gas load changes abruptly. This solution addresses this by implementing dual parallel pressure regulating channels, enabling millisecond-level switching to the backup channel in case of main valve failure, thus resolving the system pressure runaway problem caused by single-point failures. Furthermore, the closed-loop feedback mechanism between the pressure transmitter and the PLC controller actively suppresses pressure fluctuations, overcoming the lag in response of traditional mechanical pressure regulating devices.

[0051] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the pressure imbalance problem caused by sudden changes in local gas consumption in the gas transmission and distribution ring network. Intelligent switching of the dual pressure regulating channels prevents the cascading spread of pressure fluctuations, ensuring the pressure stability of the multi-node gas transmission and distribution system. The redundant pressure regulating design significantly improves system reliability, the pressure closed-loop control mechanism reduces the amplitude of outlet pressure fluctuations, and the collaborative monitoring of the flow meter and pressure transmitter provides multiple safety guarantees for the system.

[0052] This application further proposes a safety venting module B, which includes an intermediate pipeline for connecting the gas pressure regulating module A and the gas delivery module C, and a venting pipeline connected to the intermediate pipeline. The inlet end of the connecting pipeline is provided with a third shut-off valve B1. The venting pipeline is connected to the intermediate pipeline through a first branch and a second branch. A safety valve B2 for controlling the on / off state is provided on the first branch, and a pneumatic needle valve B3 is provided on the second branch. The pneumatic needle valve B3 controls the on / off state of the second branch by pressure data sent by a third pressure transmitter B4 installed on the connecting pipeline.

[0053] The intermediate pipeline refers to the gas transmission channel connecting the outlet of the gas pressure regulating module A and the inlet of the gas delivery module C. It can be formed by welding seamless steel pipes and is used to carry the gas flow after preliminary pressure regulation. The venting pipeline is an emergency pressure relief channel connected in parallel with the intermediate pipeline. It can be connected to an external emission device using high-pressure resistant stainless steel pipes and is used to divert gas under overpressure conditions. The third shut-off valve B1 is an electric or pneumatic valve installed at the inlet of the intermediate pipeline. It can be an electromagnetically driven ball valve and is used to cut off the gas input in emergencies. The safety valve B2 is a mechanical pressure relief device. It can be a spring-loaded safety valve B2 that automatically opens when the pipeline pressure exceeds a preset mechanical threshold. The pneumatic needle valve B3 is a precision regulating valve controlled by a pneumatic signal. It can be driven by a proportional pneumatic actuator and is used to adjust the opening degree based on pressure data. The third pressure transmitter B4 is a sensor that monitors the pressure of the intermediate pipeline in real time. It can be a piezoresistive pressure sensor and is used to convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal for transmission to the control system.

[0054] Specifically, the intermediate pipeline, serving as the main gas transmission channel, remains unobstructed under normal operating conditions. When the third pressure transmitter B4 detects that the pipeline pressure reaches the first set threshold, the pneumatic needle valve B3 receives a control signal and opens the second branch, allowing some gas to be discharged through the venting pipeline, achieving initial pressure relief. If the pressure continues to rise to the second set threshold, the safety valve B2 automatically opens the first branch under mechanical action, creating a larger pressure relief channel. The third shut-off valve B1 can completely close the intermediate pipeline inlet when it detects continuous overpressure, blocking gas input. This staged pressure relief mechanism achieves differentiated treatment at different pressure stages through a combination of electrical control and mechanical protection.

[0055] Compared to existing technologies, traditional safety venting devices typically employ a single mechanical safety valve B2, which has a fixed opening pressure and a delayed response. This solution, by adding a pneumatic needle valve branch B3, allows for precise control at the initial stage of pressure fluctuations, avoiding the delay in the action of mechanical valves. Existing technologies often use a single venting path, which poses a risk of insufficient pressure relief capacity under severe overpressure. The dual-branch structure, through staged opening, ensures both rapid response under minor overpressure and provides a large-flow pressure relief capacity.

[0056] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves graded processing of pressure fluctuations in the gas transmission and distribution ring network, effectively reducing the risk of overpressure leakage. The dual mechanism of electrical control and mechanical protection solves the problem of lag in the response of the traditional safety valve B2. The combined use of dynamic pressure monitoring and the pneumatic needle valve B3 can promptly eliminate initial pressure fluctuations and prevent chain reactions. The dual-branch venting structure ensures system safety while avoiding resource waste caused by excessive gas emissions.

[0057] This application further proposes a gas delivery module C comprising several gas delivery units arranged in parallel. Each gas delivery unit includes a delivery pipeline. One end of the delivery pipeline is connected to a safety venting module B. The delivery pipeline is equipped with a fourth ball valve C1, a second filter C2, a third pressure gauge C3, and a second flow meter C4. The other end of the delivery pipeline is equipped with a third and a fourth pressure regulating pipeline connected in parallel. The third pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a fourth shut-off valve C5, a second pressure regulating valve C7, a flow limiting valve C8, a differential pressure transmitter C9, and a fifth ball valve C1. 1. The fourth pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a fifth shut-off valve C6, a second regulating valve C10, and a sixth ball valve C12. The outlet ends of the third and fourth pressure regulating pipelines are connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through a gas supply pipeline. A fourth pressure transmitter C13 is installed on the gas supply pipeline. The fourth pressure transmitter C13 is used to collect the pressure in the gas supply pipeline and send it to the second control unit C14. The second control unit C14 sends commands to the fourth shut-off valve C5 and the fifth shut-off valve C6 according to the pressure in the gas supply pipeline to control the opening and closing of the third and fourth pressure regulating pipelines.

[0058] The second filter C2 refers to the filter device installed at the inlet of the delivery pipeline, which can be implemented using a sintered stainless steel filter element structure, used to intercept solid particles in the gas. The fourth ball valve C1 refers to the opening and closing control device installed at the inlet of the delivery pipeline, which can be implemented using a floating ball valve structure, used to control the start and stop of the gas delivery unit. The third pressure gauge C3 refers to the mechanical pressure indicating instrument installed on the delivery pipeline, which can be implemented using a Bourdon tube pressure gauge structure, used to display the inlet pressure of the delivery pipeline in real time. The second flow meter C4 refers to the flow detection device installed on the delivery pipeline, which can be implemented using a turbine flow sensor, used to monitor the instantaneous flow rate of the gas delivery unit.

[0059] Specifically, when the gas load of the hydrogen-using equipment changes, the pressure fluctuations in the gas supply pipeline are detected in real time by the fourth pressure transmitter C13, and the second control unit C14 determines whether the pressure data exceeds the preset threshold range. If the pressure rises abnormally, the second control unit C14 immediately closes the fourth shut-off valve C5 to cut off the operation of the third pressure regulating pipeline, and simultaneously opens the fifth shut-off valve C6 to activate the fourth pressure regulating pipeline, and performs emergency pressure regulation through the second regulating valve C10. Under normal operating conditions, the flow limiting valve C8 in the third pressure regulating pipeline automatically adjusts its opening according to the differential pressure data detected by the differential pressure transmitter C9, forming a linkage control with the second pressure regulating valve C7 to keep the gas flow rate change rate smooth. The second filter C2 continuously filters impurities in the gas to prevent particulate matter from entering the pressure regulating valve and causing blockage. The third pressure gauge C3 and the second flow meter C4 provide operators with visualized operating parameters to help judge the system's operating status.

[0060] Compared to existing technologies, traditional gas delivery units are equipped with only a single pressure regulating pipeline and lack a dynamic switching mechanism, making them prone to overload failure of the pressure regulating valve when gas load changes abruptly. This solution establishes a dual protection mechanism by setting up parallel main and backup pressure regulating pipelines, combined with pressure detection and automatic switching control. In existing technologies, the pressure regulating valve opening adjustment relies solely on preset parameters and cannot dynamically adjust the flow gradient based on real-time pressure difference. However, this solution achieves a smooth transition of flow rate changes through the coordinated control of the differential pressure transmitter C9 and the flow limiting valve C8.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of pressure and flow imbalance caused by fixed equipment operating parameters in ring network gas transmission and distribution systems, and realizes the function of dynamically adjusting the operating parameters of the pressure regulating device according to real-time gas load. When the gas demand in a certain area increases sharply, the system can quickly switch the pressure regulating channel and automatically adjust the flow gradient to avoid overpressure or underpressure in local pipeline sections. The design of dual redundant pressure regulating channels ensures continuous and stable gas supply under conditions of drastic fluctuations in gas load, and prevents ring network oscillations caused by sudden pressure changes.

[0062] This application further proposes a high-pressure gas transmission and distribution control method including the following steps: High-pressure gas is introduced into the gas pressure regulating module A through the inlet P1, flows through the inlet pipeline into the first pressure regulating pipeline, and is introduced into the safety venting module B after pressure regulation by the first pressure regulating valve A7; During the process, the pressure of the gas outlet pipeline is detected in real time and sent to the first control unit A14, and when the pressure exceeds the threshold, it is switched to the second pressure regulating pipeline; After the gas flows through the second pressure regulating pipeline for regulation, it enters the intermediate pipeline of the safety venting module B; The pressure of the intermediate pipeline is detected in real time, and when it exceeds the first threshold, the second branch is opened for venting through the pneumatic needle valve B3, and when it exceeds the second threshold, the first branch is opened for venting through the safety valve B2; After the gas flows into the transmission module, it enters the third pressure regulating pipeline for secondary regulation; The pressure of the gas supply pipeline is detected and switched to the fourth pressure regulating pipeline when it exceeds the threshold.

[0063] The first control unit A14 is a controller used to receive pressure signals and control the switching of pressure regulating pipelines. It can be implemented using a PLC or DCS system, triggering the shut-off valve by comparing the outlet pressure with a preset threshold in real time. The second control unit C14 is a processor used for closed-loop control of the end-point pressure. It can be implemented using an embedded controller combined with a PID algorithm, dynamically adjusting the pressure regulating path based on the supply pipeline pressure. The pneumatic needle valve B3 is a precision flow regulating device driven by a pneumatic signal. It can be implemented using a diaphragm structure with an electromagnetic pilot valve, achieving a response speed in milliseconds. The safety valve B2 is a mechanical overpressure protection device. It can be implemented using a spring-loaded lever structure, automatically opening when the pipeline pressure exceeds the mechanical set value.

[0064] Specifically, this method establishes a dynamic balance mechanism for gas transmission and distribution by constructing a closed-loop control system with multi-level pressure regulation and safety protection. In the primary pressure regulation stage, a parallel dual-pipeline redundancy design is adopted. When the main pressure regulating pipeline experiences overpressure, the backup pipeline is automatically switched to avoid pressure surges caused by a single equipment failure. The intermediate pipeline is equipped with a graded pressure threshold triggering mechanism. A pneumatic needle valve B3 enables rapid response to normal overpressure, and combined with safety valve B2, forms dual protection, effectively addressing different levels of abnormal operating conditions. The redundant pressure regulation structure is replicated in the final transmission and distribution stage, dynamically switching the pressure regulation path according to real-time gas load to eliminate deviations between preset parameters and actual needs. All modules communicate via cascaded communication between pressure transmitters and control units, achieving end-to-end coordinated control from the gas inlet to the gas consumer.

[0065] Compared to existing technologies, traditional methods employ independent pressure regulating devices and lack a coordination mechanism, making them prone to cascading pressure fluctuations when local gas consumption changes abruptly. This solution, through closed-loop feedback control and redundant pipeline design, shortens the pressure regulation response time and reduces the amplitude of system pressure fluctuations. Existing technologies using a fixed threshold safety valve B2 exhibit a hysteresis effect; this solution combines a pneumatic needle valve B3 with a staged venting strategy for the safety valve B2, improving the speed of overpressure handling. Traditional terminal pressure regulation uses a single pipeline structure; this solution improves the stability of the gas supply pressure through a dual-pipeline dynamic switching mechanism.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the pressure fluctuation problem caused by sudden changes in gas demand at multiple points in the gas transmission and distribution ring network, and realizes the dynamic adjustment capability of the pressure regulating device according to the real-time load. By constructing a multi-level collaborative control mechanism, the overall pressure balance of the transmission and distribution system is maintained while ensuring rapid and safe venting under overpressure conditions. The redundant pressure regulating design of the terminal transmission and distribution links significantly improves the gas supply stability, enabling the system to adapt to real-time changes in gas load at multiple points within the ring network.

[0067] In this document, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used for the clarity of expressing the technical solution and for the convenience of description, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0068] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0069] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system, characterized in that, include Gas pressure regulating module A is used to reduce the pressure of the introduced high-pressure gas and then deliver it to several gas delivery modules C at the end via safety venting module B; Safety venting module B is located between gas pressure regulating module A and gas delivery module C, and is used for gas overpressure alarm, emergency venting and safety venting; Gas delivery module C is used to perform secondary pressure regulation on the depressurized gas according to demand and deliver a stable supply of natural gas.

2. The multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas pressure regulating module A includes an air inlet pipe, one end of which is set as an air inlet P1 for introducing high-pressure gas. The air inlet pipe is equipped with a first ball valve A1, a first pressure transmitter A2, a first pressure gauge A3 and a first filter A4. The rear end of the intake pipe is provided with a first pressure regulating pipe and a second pressure regulating pipe connected in parallel; The first pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a first shut-off valve A5, a first pressure regulating valve A7, a second pressure gauge A9, and a second ball valve A10. The second pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a second shut-off valve A6, a first regulating valve A8, and a third ball valve A11. The outlet ends of both the first and second pressure regulating pipelines are connected to one end of the gas outlet pipeline. The gas outlet pipeline is equipped with a second pressure transmitter A12 and a first flow meter A13. The second pressure transmitter A12 is used to collect the pressure in the outlet pipeline and send it to the first control unit A14. The first control unit A14 sends commands to the first shut-off valve A5 and the second shut-off valve A6 according to the pressure in the outlet pipeline to control the opening and closing of the first pressure regulating pipeline and the second pressure regulating pipeline. The other end of the gas outlet pipeline is configured as an outlet P2 for discharging the depressurized gas.

3. The multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The safety venting module B includes an intermediate pipeline for connecting the gas pressure regulating module A and the gas delivery module C, and a venting pipeline connected to the intermediate pipeline. The inlet end of the connecting pipeline is equipped with a third shut-off valve B1. The venting pipeline is connected to the intermediate pipeline through the first branch and the second branch respectively. The first branch is equipped with a safety valve B2 for controlling the on / off state, and the second branch is equipped with a pneumatic needle valve B3. The pneumatic needle valve B3 controls the on / off state of the second branch by the pressure data sent by the third pressure transmitter B4 installed on the connecting pipeline.

4. The multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas delivery module C includes several gas delivery units arranged in parallel. The gas delivery unit includes a delivery pipeline, one end of which is used to connect to the safety venting module B. A fourth ball valve C1, a second filter C2, a third pressure gauge C3, and a second flow meter C4 are provided on the delivery pipeline. The other end of the delivery pipeline is provided with a third pressure regulating pipeline and a fourth pressure regulating pipeline connected in parallel; The third pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a fourth shut-off valve C5, a second pressure regulating valve C7, a flow limiting valve C8, a differential pressure transmitter C9, and a fifth ball valve C11; the fourth pressure regulating pipeline is equipped with a fifth shut-off valve C6, a second regulating valve C10, and a sixth ball valve C12; the outlet ends of the third and fourth pressure regulating pipelines are connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through a gas supply pipeline, and a fourth pressure transmitter C13 is installed on the gas supply pipeline; The fourth pressure transmitter C13 is used to collect the pressure in the gas supply line and send it to the second control unit C14. The second control unit C14 sends instructions to the fourth shut-off valve C5 and the fifth shut-off valve C6 according to the pressure in the gas supply line to control the opening and closing of the third and fourth pressure regulating lines.

5. A multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control method, comprising a multi-unit gas transmission and distribution control system as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. High-pressure gas is introduced into the gas pressure regulating module A through the gas inlet P1, flows through the gas inlet pipeline into the first pressure regulating pipeline, and after the pressure is regulated by the first pressure regulating valve A7, it is introduced into the safety venting module B through the gas outlet pipeline. S2. During step S1, the second pressure transmitter A12 detects the pressure in the outlet pipeline in real time and sends it to the first control unit A14. If the pressure in the outlet pipeline is greater than the threshold of the first control unit A14, the first control unit A14 controls the first shut-off valve A5 to close the first pressure regulating pipeline and controls the second shut-off valve A6 to open the second pressure regulating pipeline. S3. High-pressure gas flows through the intake pipe into the second pressure regulating pipe. After the pressure is regulated by the first regulating valve A8, it flows through the outlet pipe through the intermediate pipe of the safety venting module B and into the gas delivery module C. S4. During the process of high-pressure gas flowing through the safety venting module B, the safety venting module B detects the pressure in the intermediate pipeline in real time through the third pressure transmitter B4. When the pressure in the intermediate pipeline exceeds the first threshold, the pneumatic needle valve B3 controls the second branch to open, and the high-pressure gas in the intermediate pipeline is discharged through the second branch and the venting pipeline. If the pressure in the intermediate pipeline continues to rise and exceeds the second threshold, safety valve B2 controls the first branch to open, and the high-pressure gas in the intermediate pipeline is discharged through the first branch and the second branch via the venting pipeline. S5. After the high-pressure gas flows into the gas delivery module C, it flows through the delivery pipeline into the third pressure regulating pipeline, and after the pressure is regulated by the second pressure regulating valve C7, it supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment through the gas supply pipeline. S6. During step S5, the fourth pressure transmitter C13 detects the pressure in the gas supply line in real time and sends it to the second control unit C14; if the pressure in the gas supply line is greater than the threshold of the second control unit C14, the second control unit C14 controls the fourth shut-off valve C5 to close the third pressure regulating line and controls the fifth shut-off valve C6 to open the fourth pressure regulating line. S7. High-pressure gas flows through the delivery pipeline into the fourth pressure regulating pipeline. After the pressure is regulated by the second regulating valve C, hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen-using equipment through the gas supply pipeline.

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