A pretreatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of food detection devices, in particular to a pretreatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food, which comprises a stirring barrel, a stirring rod is rotationally installed at the inner end of the stirring barrel, a plurality of crushing knives are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the stirring rod, a test cylinder is fixedly connected to the left end of the stirring barrel, a detection tube capable of detecting food is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder, a suction device for sucking food in the stirring barrel into the detection tube is further arranged in the test cylinder, a baffle is rotationally installed at the end of an outer plate away from the detection tube, food can be sucked into the detection tube and connected to an electrode, the tedious digestion or dissolution process can be skipped, and detection can be directly carried out, so that the processing flow is greatly simplified, the process does not need complex technical operation, the equipment can be designed as a handheld or portable instrument convenient for operation, and is suitable for food production lines, detection institutions and other on-site applications.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of food detection devices, in particular to a pretreatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food. BACKGROUND

[0002] Food safety is an important issue related to public health, and heavy metal pollution is one of the main factors affecting food safety. Once heavy metals (such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, etc.) enter the human body through the food chain, they can cause serious harm to human health. In order to ensure the quality and safety of food, it is an important demand in the field of food detection to rapidly and accurately detect heavy metal components in food.

[0003] Currently, the detection of heavy metals in food usually relies on precise instrument analysis methods such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). These methods have high sensitivity and accuracy, but the sample pretreatment process is tedious and time-consuming, including sample crushing, digestion, dilution, and removal of interfering substances. Traditional pretreatment equipment has the problems of complex operation, low efficiency, and high consumption of human resources, which cannot meet the demand for rapid detection, especially in actual production and market monitoring, where high efficiency is increasingly required.

[0004] After searching, it was found that the prior art with publication number CN 217084385 U discloses a pretreatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food, which includes a device mounting base plate and a food processing barrel located on the base surface of the device mounting base plate. The top surface of the food processing barrel is provided with a stirring motor. The side wall of the food processing barrel near the device mounting base plate end is connected with a flow guide pipe for detection. The top end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner top end of the food processing barrel through a ball bearing. The support plate is provided with a plurality of through holes for filtering. This scheme uses an electromagnet to generate an attractive force for the iron block, which causes the iron block to displace towards the electromagnet, thereby pulling the plugging rod out of the plugging state, achieving the flow-through state of the liquid inside the flow guide pipe. The flowing liquid further enters the heavy metal detector, achieving the purpose of detecting the heavy metal content. The electromagnetic release device can control the detection frequency at any time, improving the detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0005] Therefore, based on the above search and in combination with existing technology, the electromagnetic block may generate some heat when energized, especially when the current is large. This may cause the food sample to be heated during the detection process. If the temperature of the food sample changes, it may affect the content of heavy metals or change the chemical properties of the sample, resulting in inaccurate results. Therefore, we propose a pretreatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a pre-treatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a pre-treatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food, comprising a stirring barrel, a stirring rod is rotatably installed at the inner end of the stirring barrel, and a plurality of crushing knives are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the stirring rod, a test cylinder is fixedly connected to the left end of the stirring barrel, a detection tube capable of detecting food is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder, an intake device for sucking food inside the stirring barrel into the detection tube is further arranged inside the test cylinder, an outer plate is fixedly installed at the inner right end of the test cylinder, the outer plate is parallel to the inner wall of the stirring barrel, a baffle is rotatably installed at the end of the outer plate away from the detection tube, and an air bag is fixedly installed at the end of the baffle away from the outer plate, and a gas delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the air bag.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application, a rectangular hole is formed in the outer surface of the outer plate, a sleeve is fixedly installed in the rectangular hole, a communication pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve away from the baffle, the communication pipe is fixedly connected to the detection tube, a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sleeve, a sealing plate is arranged on the side of the sealing ring away from the communication pipe, and the arrangement of the sealing ring and the sealing plate can effectively prevent leakage of gas or liquid, ensure a stable sealing environment for the sample during food detection, avoid the entry of external pollutants, and ensure the accuracy of the detection results.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application, sliding plates are slidingly installed at the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the sleeve, an isolation plate is arranged on the side of the sleeve away from the communication pipe, the left end of the isolation plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plates, and the sliding plates are fixedly connected to the sealing plate. The sliding installation design of the sliding plates enables the sealing system to be more flexible during operation, ensures that the sealing plate can always maintain contact with the sealing ring, and prevents any possible leakage or unstable gas / liquid flow.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, a piston is slidingly installed at the inner end of the detection tube, a sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner right end of the detection tube, and electrode sheets are fixedly connected to the ends of the piston and the sealing sleeve corresponding to each other. The sliding design of the piston in the detection tube enables the flow of liquid or gas in the detection tube to be adjusted as needed, ensures that the sample can fully contact the electrode sheets for analysis, the sliding of the piston can avoid the influence of external pressure or temperature changes on the detection results, and ensures the stability and accuracy of the detection process.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the inner end of the sealing sleeve is slidingly installed with a center rod, the left end of the center rod is fixedly installed with a one-way plug, the side of the detection tube away from the sealing sleeve is slidingly installed with a sliding rod, the end of the sliding rod close to the piston is rotatably installed with a plurality of arc plates, the arc plates are annularly distributed, the side of the sliding rod close to the piston is penetrated with an unlocking rod, and the outer surface of the unlocking rod is rotatably installed with a traction rod.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the traction rod is rotatably connected with the arc plate, the left end of the piston is fixedly connected with a locking rod, the locking rod corresponds to the unlocking rod, and the rotatable connection design of the traction rod and the arc plate enables the traction rod to accurately control the movement of the arc plate when the system needs to be adjusted or unlocked, so that the working state of the system can be more stably adjusted through the rotatable connection, the accuracy in the operation process is ensured, and deviation caused by mechanical friction or misalignment is avoided.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application, the suction device comprises a buffer cylinder, the buffer cylinder is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder, the inner end of the buffer cylinder is fixedly installed with a bellows, and the free end of the gas conveying pipe is fixedly connected with the bellows. The bellows has good flexibility and deformability, can effectively absorb and buffer the impact of the gas flow or liquid, and prevents the whole system from being negatively affected by the sudden change of the gas flow or liquid.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the output end of the detection tube is fixedly connected with a synchronization pipe, the free end of the synchronization pipe is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the buffer cylinder, one end of the bellows away from the gas conveying pipe is fixedly connected with a synchronization plug, the synchronization plug is connected with the buffer cylinder through a return spring, and the fixed communication between the synchronization pipe and the buffer cylinder can ensure the flow synchronization between the gas flow or liquid in the buffer cylinder and the detection tube, avoid the uneven sample extraction or unstable flow caused by the inconsistency of the suction process, and thus improve the coordination and reliability of the whole detection system.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application, the inner end of the test cylinder is fixedly installed with a reagent box, the outer surface of the reagent box is fixedly installed with a measuring cylinder, the output end of the measuring cylinder is fixedly connected with a liquid conveying pipe, and the free end of the liquid conveying pipe penetrates the inner end of the center rod. The fixed installation of the reagent box and the measuring cylinder can ensure the stable supply of the reagent, the design of the measuring cylinder helps to accurately control the flow and dosage of the reagent, and avoids inaccurate detection caused by excessive or insufficient reagent.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0017] 1、The present application uses, by sucking food into the detection tube and connecting the electrode, the tedious digestion or dissolution process can be skipped, and the detection can be directly carried out, so that the processing flow is greatly simplified, this process does not need complex technical operation, the equipment can be designed as handheld or portable instrument convenient for operation, suitable for food production line, detection mechanism and other field applications;

[0018] 2、The present application uses, by stirring the food in the stirring barrel, the various components are uniformly distributed, and the extracted sample can better represent the characteristics of the whole batch of food, avoiding the deviation caused by extracting the sample from a part;

[0019] 3、The present application uses, the burette can ensure that the digestion liquid put in each time is accurate and consistent, and the burette can accurately control the addition amount of each reagent, not only improves the accuracy and reliability of heavy metal detection, enhances the safety, automation degree and efficiency of the detection process, reduces the reagent waste, and provides strong guarantee for quality control and data management, so that each detection is more standardized and consistent, greatly improves the quality and reliability of detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of a pre-treatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the stirring barrel;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the test cylinder;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the air bag;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the sleeve;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the detection tube;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the sealing sleeve;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the sliding rod and the arc plate;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the burette;

[0029] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic view of the inside of the buffer cylinder.

[0030] In the figure: 1, stirring barrel; 2, driving motor; 3, test cylinder; 4, control terminal; 5, support frame; 6, unloading pipe; 11, stirring rod; 31, outer plate; 101, baffle; 102, air bag; 103, isolation plate; 104, unloading spring; 105, gas conveying pipe; 106, sleeve; 107, sliding plate; 108, sealing ring; 109, sealing plate; 110, abutting block; 111, communication pipe;

[0031] 201, detection tube; 202, synchronization tube; 203, sealing sleeve; 204, limiting ring; 205, waste pipe; 206, sealing block; 207, piston; 208, locking rod; 209, driving rod; 210, arc plate; 211, center rod; 212, one-way plug; 213, sliding rod; 214, unlocking spring; 215, unlocking rod; 216, traction rod;

[0032] 301, buffer cylinder; 302, synchronization plug; 303, corrugated tube; 304, reset spring; 401, reagent box; 402, measuring tube; 403, infusion tube; 404, infusion spring; 405, one-way rubber ring; 406, movable plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] Embodiment 1: please refer to Figure 1 Figure 4 A pre-treatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food, comprising a stirring barrel 1, a stirring rod 11 is rotatably installed at the inner end of the stirring barrel 1, a plurality of crushing knives are fixedly welded on the outer surface of the stirring rod 11, a driving motor 2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the stirring barrel 1 through bolts, the output end of the driving motor 2 is fixedly connected with the stirring rod 11, when the output end of the driving motor 2 drives the stirring rod 11 to rotate, the food entering the stirring barrel 1 can be cut by the rotating crushing knives, a support frame 5 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the stirring barrel 1 through bolts, the support frame 5 can provide stable support for the stirring barrel 1, and an unloading pipe 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the stirring barrel 1;

[0035] ​A test cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the left end of the mixing tank 1. A control terminal 4 is fixedly installed at the front end of the test cylinder 3 by bolts. The control terminal 4 integrates a touch screen display and is equipped with a processor and other components. This is a mature existing technology, and the specific working details will not be elaborated here. A detection tube 201 capable of detecting food is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder 3. The test cylinder 3 also has a suction device inside that draws food from inside the mixing tank 1 into the detection tube 201. An outer plate 31 is fixedly installed on the inner right end of the test cylinder 3. The outer plate 31 is parallel to the inner wall of the mixing tank 1 and is located away from the inner wall of the mixing tank 1. A baffle 101 is rotatably installed at one end of the detection tube 201, and an air bag 102 is fixedly installed at the end of the baffle 101 away from the outer plate 31. The air bag 102 is made of high temperature resistant rubber and has the characteristic of yield resistance. Specifically, a force-relieving spring 104 is also provided at the inner end of the air bag 102. When the stirring rod 11 drives the crushing blade to rotate, the food inside the stirring barrel 1 rotates rapidly along the inner wall of the stirring barrel 1 under the action of stirring, and at the same time, it is accompanied by a certain pressure to squeeze the baffle 101. Then the baffle 101 squeezes the air bag 102. An air supply pipe 105 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the air bag 102.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, a rectangular hole is formed on the outer surface of the outer plate 31. A sleeve 106 is fixedly installed in the rectangular hole. A connecting pipe 111 is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve 106 away from the baffle 101, and the connecting pipe 111 is fixedly connected to the detection pipe 201. A sealing ring 108 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sleeve 106. A sealing plate 109 is provided on the side of the sealing ring 108 away from the connecting pipe 111. A sealing gasket is fixedly fitted on the outer surface of the sealing plate 109 to increase the sealing performance. Slide plates 107 are slidably installed on both the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the sleeve 106. The slide plates 107 are connected to the sleeve 106 by a reset spring. An isolation plate 103 is provided on the side of the sleeve 106 away from the connecting pipe 111, and the left end of the isolation plate 103 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 107. The slide plate 107 and the sealing plate 109 are connected to the sealing plate 106. Plate 109 is fixedly connected. Specifically, a stop block 110 is fixedly installed at one end of baffle 101 near the isolation plate 103. The stop block 110 is located on the right side of the isolation plate 103. When baffle 101 is rotating, the stop block 110 abuts against the isolation plate 103, and the isolation plate 103 cannot slide out at this time. After baffle 101 rotates, the stop block 110 no longer abuts against the isolation plate 103. At this time, the isolation plate 103 is ejected under the elastic force of the reset spring. Before baffle 101 rotates, the contact between the stop block 110 and the isolation plate 103 ensures that the isolation plate 103 cannot slide out at will, which plays an effective locking role. This prevents the isolation plate 103 from being accidentally released at inappropriate times or during operation, thereby ensuring the safety of the system during operation.

[0037] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 6 -Figure 8 A kind of pre-treatment device for rapidly detecting heavy metal components in food, based on the basis of example 1, the inner end of detection tube 201 is slidably installed with piston 207, the outer surface of piston 207 is fixedly provided with sealing rubber ring, the outer surface of sealing rubber ring is closely combined with the inner wall of detection tube 201, the inner right end of detection tube 201 is fixedly connected with sealing sleeve 203, and the end corresponding to piston 207 of sealing sleeve 203 is fixedly connected with electrode sheet, the food heavy metal content in detection tube 201 is detected by voltammetry, voltammetry detects metal ions in food by applying a scanning voltage and measuring the relationship between current and voltage, and the working principle is:

[0038] A changing voltage is applied, and the oxidation-reduction reaction of metal ions on the electrode surface is observed, different metal ions have different electrochemical characteristics on the electrode, so the relationship between current and voltage can be used to identify and quantitatively analyze the type and concentration of metal;

[0039] Common calculation formula, such as quantitative analysis formula obtained by Faraday's law:

[0040]

[0041] Wherein, I is current (ampere, A), n is electron transfer number, F is Faraday constant (96485 C / mol), A is electrode area (m2), C is the concentration of metal ions in food (mol / L), v is the speed of scanning voltage (V / s), The potential of the reaction (V), according to Faraday's law, the current through the electrode can be calculated, and the concentration of metal ions in the solution can be calculated, it is worth mentioning that the above calculation is calculated by the processor in control terminal 4.

[0042] The inner end of the sealing sleeve 203 is slidingly installed with a center rod 211, the left end of the center rod 211 is fixedly installed with a one-way plug 212, and the right end is fixedly installed with a limiting ring 204. Specifically, after the one-way plug 212 moves to the left, the fluid can flow into the detection tube 201 through the sealing sleeve 203. The side of the detection tube 201 away from the sealing sleeve 203 is slidingly installed with a sliding rod 213, the end of the sliding rod 213 close to the piston 207 is rotatably installed with a plurality of arc plates 210, the arc plates 210 are annularly distributed, the side of the sliding rod 213 close to the piston 207 is provided with an unlocking rod 215, and the outer surface of the unlocking rod 215 is rotatably installed with a traction rod 216, the traction rod 216 is rotatably connected with the arc plate 210, the unlocking rod 215 and the sliding rod 213 are connected through an unlocking spring 214, the left end of the piston 207 is fixedly connected with a locking rod 208, the locking rod 208 corresponds to the unlocking rod 215, when the locking rod 208 moves to the left and contacts with the unlocking rod 215, the unlocking rod 215 moves to the left, the arc plate 210 is pulled to rotate through the traction rod 216, and the outer surface of the locking rod 208 is clamped;

[0043] The bottom end of the detection tube 201 is slidingly installed with a driving rod 209, the bottom end of the detection tube 201 is fixedly connected with a waste pipe 205, the inner end of the waste pipe 205 is slidingly installed with a sealing block 206, the waste pipe 205 communicates with the detection tube 201 after the sealing block 206 moves, the left end of the sealing block 206 is fixedly connected with the driving rod 209, the left end of the driving rod 209 is fixedly connected with the sliding rod 213, and the communication design of the waste pipe 205 and the detection tube 201 enables the waste generated after each detection process to be discharged in time through the waste pipe 205, thereby ensuring that the inside of the detection tube 201 is always clean, preventing pollutants from being left, and reducing the risk of cross contamination.

[0044] Example 3: please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 10A kind of pre-treatment device for quickly detecting heavy metal component in food, based on the basis of example 1, suction device includes buffer cylinder 301, buffer cylinder 301 is fixedly installed at the inner end of test cylinder 3, the inner end of buffer cylinder 301 is fixedly installed with bellow 303, the free end of gas delivery pipe 105 is fixedly connected with bellow 303, the output end of detection tube 201 is fixedly connected with synchronous tube 202, the free end of synchronous tube 202 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of buffer cylinder 301, and the end of bellow 303 away from gas delivery pipe 105 is fixedly connected with synchronous plug 302, synchronous plug 302 is connected between buffer cylinder 301 by reset spring 304, air blown by synchronous tube 202 enters the inside of buffer cylinder 301, and synchronous plug 302 is moved, and reset spring 304 is compressed, specifically, cavity is formed between bellow 303 and buffer cylinder 301, the outer surface of synchronous plug 302 is sleeved with sealing rubber ring, and sealing rubber ring is tightly attached with the inner wall of buffer cylinder 301;

[0045] As shown in Figure 3 、 Figure 9 the inner end of test cylinder 3 is fixedly installed with reagent box 401, reagent box 401 is internally provided with digestion liquid (such as nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, aqua regia etc.) for auxiliary detection, the outer surface of reagent box 401 is fixedly installed with measuring tube 402 by clamp, reagent box 401 is connected with measuring tube 402 by water pipe (not shown in the figure), the output end of measuring tube 402 is fixedly connected with infusion tube 403, and the free end of infusion tube 403 is arranged in the inner end of central rod 211, the inner end of measuring tube 402 is slidably installed with movable plate 406, movable plate 406 is connected with measuring tube 402 by infusion spring 404, the outer surface of movable plate 406 is fixedly connected with one-way rubber ring 405, when movable plate 406 moves to left side, one-way rubber ring 405 is pressed to make movable plate 406 extrude liquid on left side to move.

[0046] The working principle of the application is as follows:

[0047] When working, the output end of driving motor 2 drives stirring rod 11 to rotate, at this time, the crushing knives on the outer surface of stirring rod 11 crush the food in the inside of stirring barrel 1, then the food is crushed, at this time, the food generates turbulent flow in the inside of stirring barrel 1, at this time, baffle 101 starts to rotate under the pressure of turbulent flow, and starts to compress air bag 102, then the gas in the inside of air bag 102 flows to the inside of bellow 303 through gas delivery pipe 105, then bellow 303 starts to expand to make synchronous plug 302 start to move, at this time, the air in the inside of detection tube 201 is sucked through synchronous tube 202 along with synchronous plug 302, then piston 207 starts to move to left side;

[0048] Meanwhile, the abutting block 110 is no longer in contact with the isolation plate 103 during the rotation of the baffle 101, and the isolation plate 103 is ejected under the elastic force of the reset spring, and the food in the stirring barrel 1 is sucked into the inside of the detection tube 201 during the movement of the piston 207, and the movable plate 406 starts to move to the left under the movement of the piston 207, and the digestive fluid flows into the inside of the detection tube 201 through the infusion tube 403, and the food is mixed with the digestive fluid, and the heavy metal in the food is detected through Faraday's law;

[0049] When the control terminal 4 detects the heavy metal result of the food, the driving motor 2 stops running, the stirring rod 11 stops rotating, the air bag 102 returns to the initial state under the elastic force of the unloading spring 104, the synchronization plug 302 is pushed to the right under the elastic force of the reset spring 304, the piston 207 moves, the locking rod 208 ends the contact with the unlocking rod 215, the unlocking rod 215 starts to rebound under the elastic force of the unlocking spring 214, and the driving rod 209 is moved, and the food in the detection tube 201 flows out through the waste pipe 205.

[0050] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-treatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food, comprising a stirring barrel (1), characterized in that: The inner end of the stirring barrel (1) is rotatably installed with a stirring rod (11), and the outer surface of the stirring rod (11) is fixedly installed with a plurality of crushing knives, the left end of the stirring barrel (1) is fixedly connected with a test cylinder (3), the inner end of the test cylinder (3) is fixedly installed with a detection tube (201) capable of detecting food, the inside of the test cylinder (3) is further provided with a suction device for sucking food inside the stirring barrel (1) into the inside of the detection tube (201), the inner side right end of the test cylinder (3) is fixedly installed with an outer plate (31), the outer plate (31) is parallel to the inner wall of the stirring barrel (1), the end of the outer plate (31) away from the detection tube (201) is rotatably installed with a baffle (101), and the end of the baffle (101) away from the outer plate (31) is fixedly installed with an air bag (102), and the outer surface of the air bag (102) is fixedly connected with a gas conveying pipe (105); The outer surface of the outer plate (31) is provided with a rectangular hole, and the rectangular hole is fixedly installed with a sleeve shell (106), the end of the sleeve shell (106) away from the baffle (101) is fixedly connected with a communication pipe (111), and the communication pipe (111) is fixedly connected with the detection tube (201), the inner end of the sleeve shell (106) is fixedly connected with a sealing ring (108), and the side of the sealing ring (108) away from the communication pipe (111) is provided with a sealing plate (109); The inner end of the detection tube (201) is slidably installed with a piston (207), the inner side right end of the detection tube (201) is fixedly connected with a sealing sleeve (203), and the ends of the sealing sleeve (203) and the piston (207) are fixedly connected with electrode sheets; The suction device comprises a buffer cylinder (301), the buffer cylinder (301) is fixedly installed at the inner end of the test cylinder (3), the inner end of the buffer cylinder (301) is fixedly installed with a bellows (303), and the free end of the gas conveying pipe (105) is fixedly connected with the bellows (303); The output end of the detection tube (201) is fixedly connected with a synchronous pipe (202), the free end of the synchronous pipe (202) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the buffer cylinder (301), and the end of the bellows (303) away from the gas conveying pipe (105) is fixedly connected with a synchronous plug (302), and the synchronous plug (302) and the buffer cylinder (301) are connected through a return spring (304); The inner end of the test cylinder (3) is fixedly installed with a reagent box (401), the outer surface of the reagent box (401) is fixedly installed with a measuring cylinder (402), the output end of the measuring cylinder (402) is fixedly connected with a liquid conveying pipe (403), and the free end of the liquid conveying pipe (403) penetrates the inner end of the center rod (211).

2. The pre-treatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side upper and lower ends of the sleeve shell (106) are slidably installed with sliding plates (107), the side of the sleeve shell (106) away from the communication pipe (111) is provided with an isolation plate (103), the isolation plate (103) is fixedly connected with the sliding plates (107), and the sliding plates (107) are fixedly connected with the sealing plate (109).

3. The pre-treatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end of the sealing sleeve (203) is slidingly installed with a center rod (211), the left end of the center rod (211) is fixedly installed with a one-way plug (212), the side of the detection tube (201) away from the sealing sleeve (203) is slidingly installed with a sliding rod (213), the end of the sliding rod (213) close to the piston (207) is rotatably installed with a plurality of arc plates (210), the arc plates (210) are annularly distributed, the side of the sliding rod (213) close to the piston (207) is penetrated with an unlocking rod (215), and the outer surface of the unlocking rod (215) is rotatably installed with a traction rod (216).

4. The pre-treatment device for rapid detection of heavy metal components in food according to claim 3, characterized in that: The traction rod (216) is rotatably connected with the arc plate (210), and the left end of the piston (207) is fixedly connected with a locking rod (208). The locking rod (208) corresponds to the unlocking rod (215).

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