Saline-alkali soil improvement dynamic monitoring system based on intelligent perception of Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil improvement dynamic monitoring system based on Internet of Things intelligent perception, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement. A saline-alkali soil improvement dynamic monitoring system based on Internet of Things intelligent perception comprises a detection support, a movable frame, a monitoring structure installation sleeve and a processor module, and a soil detection sensor used for detecting the interior of saline-alkali soil is installed at the lower end of a monitoring probe. According to the saline-alkali soil monitoring system, the problems that the position structure of a monitoring structure is inconvenient to adjust and the monitoring effect is affected in the actual use process of an existing saline-alkali soil monitoring system are solved, and analysis and judgment are performed through the processor module according to detection information of the environment detection sensor and the soil detection sensor; through the Internet of Things, remote operation and monitoring work can be achieved, the applicability is high, the system is suitable for conducting improved monitoring work in a special environment, the use effect is improved, and long-term work is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of saline-alkali land improvement technology, specifically to a dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent sensing. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land is a type of soil where salts accumulate. Alkaline soil refers to soil containing carbonates or biphosphates, with a high pH value and alkaline properties. Saline-alkali soil has low organic matter content, low soil fertility, poor physical and chemical properties, and contains more anions and cations that are harmful to crops, making it difficult for crops to sprout. Therefore, in the initial stage of improvement, the focus should be on improving soil conditions.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN108337948A discloses a saline-alkali land improvement system with charge / discharge data monitoring and control functions. The system includes a water distribution device for distributing water to the saline-alkali land to form saline-alkali water; a saline-alkali water treatment device connected to the water distribution device for distilling the saline-alkali water; a photovoltaic water pump located between the water distribution device and the saline-alkali water treatment device for pumping the saline-alkali water into the saline-alkali water treatment device; a solar panel for supplying power to the photovoltaic water pump; a monitoring element electrically connected to the solar panel to monitor the power supply from the solar panel to the photovoltaic water pump; and a processing unit electrically connected to the monitoring element for controlling the operation of the solar panel and the photovoltaic water pump. This patent, by setting up a saline-alkali land improvement system with charge / discharge data monitoring and control functions, provides a stable and continuous power supply to the photovoltaic water pump, ensuring its stable operation and thus guaranteeing the improvement effect of the saline-alkali land.

[0004] The saline-alkali land monitoring system described in the above patent has limitations in practical use. The location and structure of the monitoring structure are difficult to adjust, which affects the monitoring effect. Therefore, it cannot meet the current needs. In response, we propose a dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on Internet of Things intelligent sensing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on Internet of Things intelligent sensing, which solves the problem in the background art where the location of the monitoring structure is inconvenient to adjust during actual use, thus affecting the monitoring effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on Internet of Things intelligent sensing, comprising a detection bracket, a movable frame, a monitoring structure mounting sleeve, and a processor module, wherein the movable frame is disposed at the upper end of the detection bracket, and the monitoring structure mounting sleeve is installed inside the movable frame;

[0007] Both sides of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve are equipped with environmental detection sensors for detecting the environmental status of saline-alkali land.

[0008] A monitoring probe is installed inside the lower part of the mounting sleeve of the monitoring structure, and a soil detection sensor for detecting soil inside the saline-alkali land is installed at the lower end of the monitoring probe.

[0009] The processor module is used to collect detection information from environmental monitoring sensors and soil monitoring sensors.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the detection bracket is provided with a plurality of positioning frames, which are connected to the detection bracket by fixing screws, and the lower end of the plurality of positioning frames is equipped with an irrigation sprinkler head, which is connected to a water pump, and a solenoid valve is installed inside the irrigation sprinkler head.

[0011] Preferably, the installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads is set, including:

[0012] Extract the outlet pressure and outlet flow rate corresponding to the specified outlet pressure range;

[0013] The interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head is obtained using the water pressure and water flow rate.

[0014] The interval setting coefficient R of the irrigation sprinkler heads is obtained by the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] Where R represents the interval setting coefficient corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head; P represents the outlet water pressure of the irrigation sprinkler head; Q represents the outlet water flow rate of the irrigation sprinkler head; and k represents the characteristic constant of the sprinkler head, wherein the characteristic constant of the sprinkler head is obtained by the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Where k represents the characteristic constant of the spray head; C d The flow coefficient corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head describes the efficiency relationship between the actual flow rate and the theoretical maximum flow rate of the nozzle. The value of the flow coefficient ranges from 0.6 to 0.95; d represents the nozzle diameter; θ represents the spray angle corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head; ρ represents the density of the sprayed liquid; g represents the gravitational acceleration; a represents the base of the exponential function. The installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler head is obtained using the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head.

[0019] Preferably, the installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads is obtained by using the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler heads, including:

[0020] Extract the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head;

[0021] Extract the spray coverage area A of the irrigation sprinkler head;

[0022] Extract the maximum overlapping area A of the irrigation sprinkler heads c ;

[0023] The spacing coefficient R and the spray coverage area A of the irrigation sprinkler heads are combined with the maximum overlap area A of the irrigation sprinkler heads. c Obtain the upper and lower limits of the installation spacing range for irrigation sprinkler heads;

[0024]

[0025] Among them, D max and D min This indicates the upper and lower limits of the installation spacing range for irrigation sprinkler heads; A represents the sprinkler coverage area; R represents the spacing coefficient corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler heads; A c The value indicates the maximum overlap area of ​​the irrigation sprinkler heads; L indicates the length of the positioning frame.

[0026] Preferably, a first motor is installed on one side of the upper end of the detection bracket, a first threaded screw is installed at one end of the first motor, a guide plate is installed on the outside of the movable frame, and the first threaded screw passes through the guide plate and is threadedly connected to the guide plate.

[0027] Preferably, solar photovoltaic panels are installed on both outer sides of the testing bracket, and a photovoltaic panel bracket is installed at the lower end of the solar photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel bracket is connected to the testing bracket and the solar photovoltaic panel respectively by fixing screws.

[0028] Preferably, support frames are installed on both sides of the testing bracket, one side of the support frame is welded to the testing bracket, and a lifting sleeve is installed at the lower end of the support frame. A hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the lifting sleeve, and the hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the height of the testing bracket.

[0029] Preferably, a second motor is installed at one end of the movable frame, the second motor is connected to the movable frame by fixing screws, the motor shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second threaded screw by a coupling, a monitoring structure moving block is installed at the lower end of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve, and monitoring structure guide blocks are installed on both sides of the monitoring structure moving block, and the second threaded screw passes through the monitoring structure guide block and is threadedly connected to the monitoring structure guide block.

[0030] Preferably, the monitoring structure mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to the monitoring structure moving block, the monitoring structure moving block passes through the moving frame and is slidably connected to the moving frame, and the moving frame is slidably connected to the detection bracket through a guide plate.

[0031] Preferably, an electric cylinder is installed at the upper end of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve, a telescopic rod is installed at the lower end of the electric cylinder, a connecting sleeve is installed at the upper end of the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod extends into the connecting sleeve and slides in connection with the connecting sleeve, and the soil detection sensor is connected to the telescopic rod by fixing screws.

[0032] Preferably, the input terminal of the processor module is connected to the output terminal of the monitoring probe, and the input terminal of the monitoring probe is connected to the output terminals of the environmental monitoring sensor and the soil monitoring sensor, respectively.

[0033] The processor module is used to receive monitoring information stored in the monitoring probe, and the monitoring probe includes a camera module. The environmental detection sensor and the soil detection sensor are used to monitor the environmental information and soil information of the saline-alkali land, respectively.

[0034] The environmental detection sensor includes a light sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the environmental detection sensor is used to monitor the light intensity around the saline-alkali land, and the processor module controls the water volume of the irrigation sprinkler head;

[0035] The soil detection sensor also includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a moisture content sensor, and the soil detection sensor is used to monitor the pH value and soil salinity of the soil.

[0036] The output of the processor module is connected to the input of the irrigation sprinkler head, the first electric motor, the solar photovoltaic panel, the second electric motor, and the electric cylinder, respectively.

[0037] The processor module adjusts the switching of the irrigation sprinkler head, the first electric motor, the solar photovoltaic panel, the second electric motor, and the electric cylinder based on the environmental and soil information of the saline-alkali land being monitored.

[0038] The processor module is bidirectionally connected to the wireless transmission module, and the wireless transmission module is bidirectionally connected to the control terminal.

[0039] The wireless transmission module is used to transmit and receive data information from the processor module, and the control terminal is used to send control commands to the processor module through the wireless transmission module.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] 1. In operation, the monitoring system of the present invention irrigates the saline-alkali land below by spraying water through irrigation sprinkler heads. After irrigation, the monitoring work is carried out by the monitoring probe under the moving block of the monitoring structure. Based on the detection information of environmental detection sensors and soil detection sensors, the processor module analyzes and judges the information and sends the detection information to the control terminal through the wireless transmission module. Through the Internet of Things, the system can be remotely operated and monitored. It has strong applicability and is suitable for improving monitoring work in special environments, improving the effect of use, and is conducive to long-term operation.

[0042] 2. In operation, the monitoring system of this invention compares the monitoring information stored in the monitoring probe with the detection information from the environmental and soil sensors to determine the improvement effect. It then performs intelligent sensing and intelligent control. The system controls the first threaded screw to move the moving frame laterally within the detection bracket. A second motor rotates the second threaded screw, causing the moving block of the monitoring structure to move within the moving frame, thus adjusting the position of the monitoring probe. This allows for various adjustment methods, good applicability, and adaptation to different monitoring locations. An electric cylinder adjusts the position of the telescopic rod, which, in conjunction with a hydraulic cylinder, raises and lowers the monitoring probe. Once the probe extends into the saline-alkali soil, the soil sensor detects soil information, improving the detection effect by detecting saline-alkali soil at different locations. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the front view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of area A in the middle;

[0045] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the invention from below;

[0046] Figure 4 This is an axonometric view of the side view after the position of the monitoring probe of the present invention has been adjusted;

[0047] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the mounting sleeve of the monitoring structure of the present invention, viewed from below.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Detection bracket; 101. Positioning frame; 102. Irrigation sprinkler head; 103. First electric motor; 104. First threaded screw; 2. Solar photovoltaic panel; 201. Photovoltaic panel bracket; 3. Support frame; 301. Lifting sleeve; 4. Moving frame; 401. Second electric motor; 402. Second threaded screw; 403. Guide plate; 5. Monitoring structure mounting sleeve; 501. Monitoring structure moving block; 502. Monitoring structure guide block; 503. Electric cylinder; 504. Environmental monitoring sensor; 505. Monitoring probe; 506. Linked sleeve; 507. Telescopic rod; 508. Soil monitoring sensor; 6. Processor module; 7. Wireless transmission module; 8. Control terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] To address the issue of inconvenient adjustment of the monitoring structure's location in existing saline-alkali land monitoring systems, which affects monitoring effectiveness during practical use, please refer to... Figure 1 - Figure 2 , Figure 4 - Figure 6 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0053] The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing includes a detection bracket 1, a movable frame 4, a monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5, and a processor module 6. The movable frame 4 is set at the upper end of the detection bracket 1, and the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5 is installed inside the movable frame 4.

[0054] Both sides of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5 are equipped with environmental monitoring sensors 504 for detecting the environmental conditions of saline-alkali land.

[0055] A monitoring probe 505 is installed inside the lower part of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5, and a soil detection sensor 508 for detecting the soil inside the saline-alkali land is installed at the lower end of the monitoring probe 505.

[0056] The processor module 6 is used to collect detection information from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508. Based on the detection information from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508, the processor module 6 compares the data with the monitoring information stored in the monitoring probe 505 to determine the improvement effect, perform intelligent sensing, and thus intelligently control the operation.

[0057] A first motor 103 is installed on one side of the upper end of the detection bracket 1. A first threaded screw 104 is installed at one end of the first motor 103. A guide plate 403 is installed on the outside of the movable frame 4. The first threaded screw 104 passes through the guide plate 403 and is threadedly connected to the guide plate 403.

[0058] The monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the monitoring structure moving block 501. The monitoring structure moving block 501 passes through the moving frame 4 and is slidably connected to the moving frame 4. The moving frame 4 is slidably connected to the detection bracket 1 through the guide plate 403. By controlling the first threaded screw 104, the moving frame 4 is driven to move laterally in the detection bracket 1. Then, by adjusting the second motor 401, the second threaded screw 402 is driven to rotate, which drives the monitoring structure moving block 501 to move inside the moving frame 4. Thus, the position of the monitoring probe 505 can be adjusted. The adjustment method is diverse, the applicability is good, and it is conducive to adapting to different monitoring positions.

[0059] An electric cylinder 503 is installed at the upper end of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5, a telescopic rod 507 is installed at the lower end of the electric cylinder 503, a connecting sleeve 506 is installed at the upper end of the telescopic rod 507, the telescopic rod 507 extends into the connecting sleeve 506 and slides in connection with the connecting sleeve 506, and the soil detection sensor 508 is connected to the telescopic rod 507 by fixing screws.

[0060] Support frames 3 are installed on both sides of the detection bracket 1. One side of the support frame 3 is welded to the detection bracket 1, and a lifting sleeve 301 is installed at the lower end of the support frame 3. A hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the lifting sleeve 301, and the hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the height of the detection bracket 1. The position of the telescopic rod 507 is adjusted by the electric cylinder 503. The telescopic rod 507 is adjusted in conjunction with the hydraulic cylinder, which drives the monitoring probe 505 to rise and fall. After the monitoring probe 505 extends into the saline-alkali soil, the soil information is detected by the soil detection sensor 508. The saline-alkali soil at different locations is detected, thereby improving the detection effect.

[0061] A second motor 401 is installed at one end of the movable frame 4. The second motor 401 is connected to the movable frame 4 by fixing screws. The motor shaft of the second motor 401 is fixedly connected to a second threaded screw 402 by a coupling. A monitoring structure moving block 501 is installed at the lower end of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5. Monitoring structure guide blocks 502 are installed on both sides of the monitoring structure moving block 501. The second threaded screw 402 passes through the monitoring structure guide block 502 and is threadedly connected to the monitoring structure guide block 502.

[0062] Specifically, during operation, the monitoring system compares the data from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508 with the data stored in the monitoring probe 505 to determine the improvement effect. This intelligent sensing enables intelligent control. The system controls the first threaded screw 104 to move the moving frame 4 laterally within the detection bracket 1. The second motor 401 rotates the second threaded screw 402, causing the monitoring structure moving block 501 to move within the moving frame 4. This allows for adjustment of the monitoring probe 505's position, offering diverse adjustment methods and good applicability to different monitoring locations. The electric cylinder 503 adjusts the position of the telescopic rod 507, which, in conjunction with the hydraulic cylinder, raises and lowers the monitoring probe 505. Once the monitoring probe 505 extends into the saline-alkali soil, the soil detection sensor 508 detects soil information, improving the detection effect by detecting saline-alkali soil at different locations.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] To address the problems of inconvenient management, site constraints, and unsuitability for long-term operation of existing saline-alkali land monitoring systems, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 - Figure 6 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0065] The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing includes a detection bracket 1, a movable frame 4, a monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5, and a processor module 6. The movable frame 4 is set at the upper end of the detection bracket 1, and the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5 is installed inside the movable frame 4.

[0066] Both sides of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5 are equipped with environmental monitoring sensors 504 for detecting the environmental conditions of saline-alkali land.

[0067] A monitoring probe 505 is installed inside the lower part of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve 5. A soil detection sensor 508 for detecting the inside of the saline-alkali land is installed at the lower end of the monitoring probe 505. When the monitoring system is working, it sprays the irrigation sprinkler head 102 to irrigate the saline-alkali land below. After irrigation, the monitoring work is carried out by the monitoring probe 505 below the monitoring structure moving block 501, based on the detection information of the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508.

[0068] The processor module 6 is used to collect detection information from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508. Based on the detection information from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508, the processor module 6 compares the data with the monitoring information stored in the monitoring probe 505 to determine the improvement effect, perform intelligent sensing, and thus intelligently control the operation.

[0069] The upper end of the testing bracket 1 is provided with several positioning frames 101, which are connected to the testing bracket 1 by fixing screws. The lower end of the several positioning frames 101 is equipped with irrigation sprinkler heads 102, which are connected to water pumps and have solenoid valves installed inside.

[0070] Solar photovoltaic panels 2 are installed on both sides of the outer side of the testing bracket 1. A photovoltaic panel bracket 201 is installed at the lower end of the solar photovoltaic panel 2. The photovoltaic panel bracket 201 is connected to the testing bracket 1 and the solar photovoltaic panel 2 by fixing screws.

[0071] The input terminal of the processor module 6 is connected to the output terminal of the monitoring probe 505, and the input terminal of the monitoring probe 505 is connected to the output terminals of the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508 respectively.

[0072] The processor module 6 is used to receive the monitoring information stored in the monitoring probe 505, and the monitoring probe 505 includes a camera module, an environmental detection sensor 504 and a soil detection sensor 508, which are used to monitor the environmental information and soil information of the saline-alkali land, respectively.

[0073] The environmental monitoring sensor 504 includes a light sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the environmental monitoring sensor 504 is used to monitor the light intensity around the saline-alkali land, and the processor module 6 controls the water volume of the irrigation sprinkler head 102.

[0074] The soil testing sensor 508 also includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a moisture content sensor, and the soil testing sensor 508 is used to monitor the pH value and soil salinity of the soil.

[0075] The output of the processor module 6 is connected to the input of the irrigation sprinkler head 102, the first motor 103, the solar photovoltaic panel 2, the second motor 401, and the electric cylinder 503, respectively.

[0076] The processor module 6 adjusts the switching of the irrigation sprinkler head 102, the first motor 103, the solar photovoltaic panel 2, the second motor 401, and the electric cylinder 503 based on the environmental and soil information of the saline-alkali land being monitored.

[0077] The processor module 6 is bidirectionally connected to the wireless transmission module 7, and the wireless transmission module 7 is bidirectionally connected to the control terminal 8.

[0078] The wireless transmission module 7 is used to transmit and receive data information from the processor module 6. The control terminal 8 is used to send control commands to the processor module 6 through the wireless transmission module 7. The processor module 6 analyzes and judges the data and sends the detection information to the control terminal 8 through the wireless transmission module 7. Through the Internet of Things, remote operation and monitoring can be carried out. It has strong applicability and is suitable for improving monitoring work in special environments, improving the effectiveness of use, and is conducive to long-term operation.

[0079] Specifically, during operation, the monitoring system sprays water onto the saline-alkali land below the irrigation system through the irrigation sprinkler head 102. After irrigation, the monitoring probe 505 below the moving block 501 of the monitoring structure performs monitoring. Based on the detection information from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508, the processor module 6 analyzes and judges the information and sends it to the control terminal 8 via the wireless transmission module 7. Through the Internet of Things, remote operation and monitoring are possible. The system is highly adaptable and suitable for improving monitoring work in special environments, enhancing its effectiveness and facilitating long-term operation.

[0080] Working Principle: During use, the detection bracket 1 and support frame 3 are fixed on the saline-alkali land to be monitored. In operation, the monitoring system irrigates the saline-alkali land below through the irrigation sprinkler head 102. After irrigation, monitoring is performed by the monitoring probe 505 below the moving block 501. Based on the detection information from the environmental sensor 504 and soil sensor 508, the processor module 6 compares the data stored in the monitoring probe 505 to determine the improvement effect. Intelligent sensing enables intelligent control operation. Furthermore, by controlling the first threaded screw 104, the moving frame 4 moves laterally within the detection bracket 1. Then, by adjusting the second motor 401, the second threaded screw 402 rotates, causing the moving block 501 to move within the moving frame 4. This allows for adjustment of the position of the monitoring probe 505, with various adjustment methods and good applicability, making it suitable for different monitoring locations. The position of the telescopic rod 507 is adjusted by the electric cylinder 503, and the telescopic rod 507 is adjusted in conjunction with the hydraulic cylinder, driving the monitoring probe 505 to rise and fall. After the monitoring probe 505 extends into the saline-alkali soil, soil information is detected by the soil detection sensor 508, detecting saline-alkali soil at different locations, improving the detection effect. Based on the detection information from the environmental detection sensor 504 and the soil detection sensor 508, the processor module 6 analyzes and judges the information, and sends the detection information to the control terminal 8 via the wireless transmission module 7. Through the Internet of Things, remote operation and monitoring can be carried out, making it highly applicable and suitable for improved monitoring work in special environments, improving the use effect and facilitating long-term operation.

[0081] At the same time, the installation spacing range of irrigation sprinkler heads is set, including:

[0082] Extract the outlet pressure and outlet flow rate corresponding to the specified outlet pressure range;

[0083] The interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head is obtained using the water pressure and water flow rate.

[0084] The interval setting coefficient R of the irrigation sprinkler heads is obtained by the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] Where R represents the interval setting coefficient corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head; P represents the outlet water pressure of the irrigation sprinkler head; Q represents the outlet water flow rate of the irrigation sprinkler head; and k represents the characteristic constant of the sprinkler head, wherein the characteristic constant of the sprinkler head is obtained by the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] Where k represents the characteristic constant of the spray head; C dThe flow coefficient of the irrigation sprinkler head describes the efficiency relationship between the actual flow rate and the theoretical maximum flow rate of the nozzle. The flow coefficient ranges from 0.6 to 0.95; d represents the nozzle diameter; θ represents the spray angle of the irrigation sprinkler head; ρ represents the density of the sprayed liquid; g represents the acceleration due to gravity; and a represents the base of the exponential function, which is selected based on the actual application scenario.

[0089] The installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads is obtained by using the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler heads.

[0090] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: C d ·d 2 ·sin(2θ) reflects the combined effect of the structure and spray characteristics of the sprinkler head itself. The larger the value, the stronger the spray coverage and other performance of the sprinkler head may be under the same conditions. By correlating the above comprehensive characteristic parameters with the density of the spray liquid and gravitational acceleration, a value relevant to the actual spraying conditions is obtained. As this value increases, The logarithmic function increases because it is monotonically increasing within its domain. It will also increase. This comprehensively reflects the relationship between pressure and flow rate; when P increases or Q decreases (within a reasonable range), Increase An increase indicates an enhanced spraying effect. The formula comprehensively considers multiple factors affecting the spraying effect. It covers the structural parameters of the spray head itself, which directly determine the spraying characteristics and coverage area; it also considers the influence of environmental physical parameters on the liquid spraying process; and it incorporates the outlet water pressure P and outlet water flow rate Q, both of which play a crucial role in the actual coverage and effectiveness of the spraying. By organically combining these factors, the performance of the spray head can be more comprehensively evaluated, thereby determining the appropriate interval setting coefficient. The logarithmic function part utilizes the monotonicity of the logarithmic function to quantify the combined effect of the spray head structure and environmental factors, allowing the result to vary within a certain range and reflecting the differences in the degree of influence brought about by changes in each factor. The exponential function part cleverly reflects the influence of the relationship between outlet water pressure and flow rate on the spraying effect through exponential and reciprocal operations, and transforms this influence into a value varying between 0 and 1. Multiplying this value by the logarithmic function part, they together constitute the interval setting coefficient, mathematically constructing a reasonable relationship between each factor and the coefficient. The interval setting coefficient R is ultimately used to determine the installation interval of the sprinkler heads, and the formula is closely related to the actual application scenario. R, obtained through comprehensive consideration of various factors and mathematical calculations, can reasonably guide the setting of sprinkler head intervals based on the actual performance and working conditions of the sprinkler heads, thereby achieving better irrigation results and possessing practical application value.

[0091] Simultaneously, by extracting the outlet pressure and flow rate corresponding to the range of outlet pressure values, and using these parameters to obtain the spacing coefficient R for the irrigation sprinkler heads, this technical solution can accurately calculate the installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads. This helps ensure the uniformity and efficiency of the irrigation system, avoiding water waste and insufficient crop irrigation. The technical solution introduces a sprinkler head characteristic constant k, which is calculated by considering multiple factors such as the flow coefficient Cd of the irrigation sprinkler head, nozzle diameter d, spray angle θ, spray liquid density ρ, and gravitational acceleration g. This more accurately reflects the differences in coverage and efficiency of different sprinkler heads under the same outlet pressure and flow rate, thus allowing for more rational setting of the installation spacing. Since the spacing coefficient R is calculated based on multiple parameters such as outlet pressure, outlet flow rate, and sprinkler head characteristic constant, this technical solution can be flexibly adjusted according to different crops, soil conditions, climate conditions, and irrigation needs. This helps improve the adaptability and flexibility of the irrigation system, enabling it to better meet irrigation needs in different scenarios. By precisely calculating the installation spacing range of irrigation sprinkler heads, this technical solution ensures that the coverage area of ​​each sprinkler head overlaps without over-irrigation, thus achieving uniform irrigation. This helps optimize irrigation effects, improve water resource utilization efficiency, and reduce the adverse effects on crop growth caused by under- or over-irrigation. This technical solution provides a mathematical formula-based calculation method to determine the installation spacing range of irrigation sprinkler heads, which simplifies the installation and commissioning process. Engineers or operators only need to calculate based on parameters such as actual water pressure, water flow rate, and sprinkler head characteristics to determine a reasonable installation spacing range, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of installation and commissioning.

[0092] In summary, this technical solution improves the uniformity, efficiency, and adaptability of the irrigation system by precisely calculating the installation spacing range of irrigation sprinkler heads, optimizing irrigation effects and resource utilization efficiency, and simplifying the installation and commissioning process. This is of great significance for improving agricultural production efficiency, conserving water resources, and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0093] Specifically, the installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads is obtained by using the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler heads, including:

[0094] Extract the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head;

[0095] Extract the spray coverage area A of the irrigation sprinkler head;

[0096] Extract the maximum overlapping area A of the irrigation sprinkler heads c ;

[0097] The spacing coefficient R and the spray coverage area A of the irrigation sprinkler heads are combined with the maximum overlap area A of the irrigation sprinkler heads. c Obtain the upper and lower limits of the installation spacing range for irrigation sprinkler heads;

[0098]

[0099] Among them, D max and D min This indicates the upper and lower limits of the installation spacing range for irrigation sprinkler heads; A represents the sprinkler coverage area; R represents the spacing coefficient corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler heads; A c The value indicates the maximum overlap area of ​​the irrigation sprinkler heads; L indicates the length of the positioning frame.

[0100] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: The solution comprehensively considers multiple factors related to the installation spacing of irrigation sprinkler heads. The sprinkler coverage area directly affects the theoretically coverable area and is a fundamental factor in determining the installation spacing. The interval setting coefficient comprehensively reflects the performance parameters of the sprinkler head itself (such as flow coefficient, nozzle diameter, spray angle, water pressure, and flow rate). A larger interval setting coefficient indicates better sprinkler head performance and stronger coverage, allowing for a larger installation spacing. The positioning frame length L reflects the spatial constraints in actual installation; a longer positioning frame may restrict the installation position of the sprinkler head, reducing the installation spacing. The maximum overlap area considers the allowable overlap of the sprinkler area; a larger overlap area allows for a more appropriate reduction in the installation spacing. These factors comprehensively cover all aspects affecting the installation spacing, making the formula more closely aligned with actual installation needs.

[0101] The effects of coverage area, positioning frame length, and spacing setting coefficient on the spacing were comprehensively considered; This approach further incorporates factors such as the length of the positioning frame, the spacing coefficient, and the overlapable area. This ensures that the upper limit value can be reasonably large under different conditions, conforming to the logic of determining the upper limit of the installation spacing. The coefficient 10 in the formula is determined based on actual engineering experience, experimental data, or specific design standards, and is used to adjust the magnitude of the calculation results, ensuring that the obtained installation spacing value is within a reasonable range for practical application. Simultaneously, the calculations of various physical quantities in the formula, such as the square root and multiplication operations for area-related quantities, also conform to geometric and physical principles, reasonably transforming the influence of various factors into the calculation of the installation spacing.

[0102] Meanwhile, by comprehensively considering various factors, the calculated Dmax allows for the determination of a larger installation spacing while meeting the performance requirements of the sprinkler heads and actual installation conditions. This helps reduce the number of sprinkler heads used, thereby lowering equipment costs and installation and maintenance workload, while ensuring effective coverage of the irrigation area. For example, when the sprinkler head performance is good (larger R) and the coverage area is large enough, a larger spacing can be set to avoid resource waste caused by excessively dense installation of sprinkler heads. Adaptable to different scenarios: Due to considerations such as the length of the positioning frame and the overlapable area, Dmax can adapt to different installation environments and irrigation needs. In scenarios with relatively spacious areas, shorter positioning frame lengths, and permissible overlap, a suitable larger installation spacing can be calculated using the formula, improving the layout flexibility of the irrigation system.

[0103] The lower limit value Dmin ensures that the installation spacing is not too small, thus avoiding excessive overlap of spray areas and wasting water and equipment resources. At the same time, it also prevents blind spots in irrigation coverage caused by excessive spacing, ensuring that the entire irrigation area receives uniform and effective spraying, improving irrigation quality. Considering practical installation limitations such as the length of the positioning frame, Dmin provides a reasonable minimum installation spacing, allowing the sprinkler heads to be installed in accordance with actual spatial conditions, ensuring the feasibility and stability of the installation.

[0104] Simultaneously, by comprehensively considering the spacing coefficient R of irrigation sprinkler heads, the sprinkler coverage area A, and the maximum overlapping area Ac, this technical solution can accurately calculate the installation spacing range of irrigation sprinkler heads (upper limit Dmax and lower limit Dmin). This ensures that the spacing between sprinkler heads is neither too dense, leading to resource waste, nor too sparse, affecting irrigation efficiency. A precise installation spacing range helps achieve uniform irrigation, ensuring that the area covered by each sprinkler head receives adequate water. This not only improves irrigation efficiency and reduces water waste but also promotes healthy crop growth, increasing yield and quality. This technical solution allows for adjustment of the installation spacing range based on different sprinkler head characteristics (such as coverage area, overlapping area, etc.) and irrigation needs. This enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the irrigation system, making it suitable for different crops, soil conditions, and climatic conditions. By accurately calculating the installation spacing range, this technical solution helps optimize water resource utilization. Reasonable spacing settings can reduce water waste while ensuring crops receive sufficient irrigation. This is of great significance for improving the sustainability of agricultural production. Precise installation spacing helps reduce problems such as uneven irrigation, water waste, or crop damage caused by improper spacing. This improves the stability and reliability of the irrigation system, ensuring normal crop growth and yield.

[0105] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0106] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on Internet of Things intelligent sensing, comprising a detection bracket (1), a movable frame (4), a monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5), and a processor module (6), characterized in that, The movable frame (4) is set at the upper end of the detection bracket (1). The monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5) is installed inside the movable frame (4). Environmental detection sensors (504) for detecting the environmental status of saline-alkali land are set on both sides of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5). A monitoring probe (505) is installed at the lower inside of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5). A soil detection sensor (508) for detecting the soil inside the saline-alkali land is installed at the lower end of the monitoring probe (505). The processor module (6) is used to collect the detection information of the environmental detection sensor (504) and the soil detection sensor (508).

2. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the testing bracket (1) is provided with several positioning frames (101), which are connected to the testing bracket (1) by fixing screws. The lower ends of the several positioning frames (101) are equipped with irrigation sprinkler heads (102), which are connected to water pumps. Solenoid valves are installed inside the irrigation sprinkler heads (102).

3. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads (102) is set, including: Extract the outlet pressure and outlet flow rate corresponding to the specified outlet pressure range; The interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head (102) is obtained by using the water pressure and water flow rate. The installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler head (102) is obtained by using the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head (102).

4. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads (102) is obtained by using the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler heads (102), including: Extract the interval setting coefficient R corresponding to the irrigation sprinkler head (102); Extract the spray coverage area A of the irrigation sprinkler head (102); Extract the maximum overlapping area A of the irrigation sprinkler head (102). c ; The spacing setting coefficient R and the spray coverage area A of the irrigation sprinkler head (102) are combined with the maximum overlapping area A of the irrigation sprinkler head (102). c Obtain the upper and lower limits of the installation spacing range of the irrigation sprinkler heads (102).

5. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first motor (103) is installed on one side of the upper end of the detection bracket (1). A first threaded screw (104) is installed at one end of the first motor (103). A guide plate (403) is installed on the outside of the movable frame (4). The first threaded screw (104) passes through the guide plate (403) and is threadedly connected to the guide plate (403). The monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the monitoring structure moving block (501). The monitoring structure moving block (501) passes through the movable frame (4) and is slidably connected to the movable frame (4). The movable frame (4) is slidably connected to the detection bracket (1) through the guide plate (403).

6. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection bracket (1) is equipped with solar photovoltaic panels (2) on both sides of its exterior. A photovoltaic panel bracket (201) is installed at the lower end of the solar photovoltaic panel (2). The photovoltaic panel bracket (201) is connected to the detection bracket (1) and the solar photovoltaic panel (2) respectively by fixing screws.

7. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Support frames (3) are installed on both sides of the testing bracket (1). One side of the support frame (3) is welded to the testing bracket (1). A lifting sleeve (301) is installed at the lower end of the support frame (3). A hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the lifting sleeve (301), and the hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the height of the testing bracket (1).

8. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second motor (401) is installed at one end of the movable frame (4). The second motor (401) is connected to the movable frame (4) by fixing screws. The motor shaft of the second motor (401) is fixedly connected to a second threaded screw (402) by a coupling. A monitoring structure moving block (501) is installed at the lower end of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5). Monitoring structure guide blocks (502) are installed on both sides of the monitoring structure moving block (501). The second threaded screw (402) passes through the monitoring structure guide block (502) and is threadedly connected to the monitoring structure guide block (502).

9. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 8, characterized in that: An electric cylinder (503) is installed at the upper end of the monitoring structure mounting sleeve (5), a telescopic rod (507) is installed at the lower end of the electric cylinder (503), a connecting sleeve (506) is installed at the upper end of the telescopic rod (507), the telescopic rod (507) extends into the connecting sleeve (506) and slides in connection with the connecting sleeve (506), and the soil detection sensor (508) is connected to the telescopic rod (507) by fixing screws.

10. The dynamic monitoring system for saline-alkali land improvement based on IoT intelligent sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input terminal of the processor module (6) is connected to the output terminal of the monitoring probe (505), and the input terminal of the monitoring probe (505) is connected to the output terminals of the environmental detection sensor (504) and the soil detection sensor (508), respectively. The processor module (6) is used to receive monitoring information stored in the monitoring probe (505), and the monitoring probe (505) includes a camera module. The environmental detection sensor (504) and the soil detection sensor (508) are used to monitor the environmental information and soil information of the saline-alkali land, respectively. The environmental detection sensor (504) includes a light sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the environmental detection sensor (504) is used to monitor the light intensity around the saline-alkali land, and the processor module (6) controls the water volume of the irrigation sprinkler head (102); The soil detection sensor (508) also includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a moisture content sensor, and the soil detection sensor (508) is used to monitor the pH value and soil salinity of the soil. The output of the processor module (6) is connected to the input of the irrigation sprinkler head (102), the first motor (103), the solar photovoltaic panel (2), the second motor (401), and the electric cylinder (503), respectively. The processor module (6) adjusts the switching of the irrigation sprinkler head (102), the first motor (103), the solar photovoltaic panel (2), the second motor (401) and the electric cylinder (503) according to the environmental and soil information of the saline-alkali land monitored; The processor module (6) is bidirectionally connected to the wireless transmission module (7), and the wireless transmission module (7) is bidirectionally connected to the control terminal (8); The wireless transmission module (7) is used to transmit and receive data information from the processor module (6), and the control terminal (8) is used to send control commands to the processor module (6) through the wireless transmission module (7).

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