Integrated electric driving system for electric industrial vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of driving systems, and provides an integrated electric driving system for an electric industrial vehicle, the integrated electric driving system for the electric industrial vehicle comprises a parallel shaft speed reducer and a motor fixed on the parallel shaft speed reducer, an output shaft of the motor is connected with an input shaft of the parallel shaft speed reducer, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with an output shaft of the parallel shaft speed reducer. Heat dissipation fins are arranged outside a shell of the motor, and when the electric drive system is installed on the industrial vehicle, the extending direction of the heat dissipation fins on the motor is the same as the running direction of the vehicle. The cooling fins outside the motor are pertinently arranged to be perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the motor so as to be consistent with the running direction of the vehicle, heat exchange with the cooling fins is enhanced by utilizing airflow formed in the running process of the vehicle, and the purpose of cleaning dust is achieved while the cooling effect of the motor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drive system technology, and particularly relates to an integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Electric industrial vehicles use electric motors as their drive system, with the drive motor and front axle reducer forming the walking power unit. An integrated electric drive system combines the reducer, motor, controller, and cooling system into one unit. The purpose is to reduce the length of external cables connecting various components. By reducing cable length, assembly and installation processes are reduced, while resistance caused by excessively long cables is lowered, thus improving the operating efficiency of the power system.

[0003] However, current research and development of integrated electric drive systems for electric industrial vehicles focuses more on the degree of system integration, while often neglecting the impact of the motor's basic structure on heat dissipation in the actual operating environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes an integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles, the specific technical solution of which is as follows: An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles includes a parallel shaft reducer and a motor fixed on the parallel shaft reducer. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the parallel shaft reducer. The motor housing has heat dissipation fins. When the electric drive system is installed on an industrial vehicle, the heat dissipation fins on the motor extend in the same direction as the vehicle's travel direction.

[0005] Furthermore, the heat dissipation fins are annular and surround the motor housing.

[0006] Furthermore, the parallel shaft reducer has a bayonet seat and a bayonet groove formed on the side wall of the bayonet seat, and the front end cover of the motor has a locking block and a connecting ear, the locking block being able to be screwed into the bayonet groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the bayonet groove is a groove that is open at one end and closed at the other. After the locking block is screwed into the open end of the bayonet groove and comes to a stop against the closed end, the connecting lug on the front end cover of the motor is aligned with the connecting hole on the parallel shaft reducer.

[0008] Furthermore, two motors are fixed on the parallel shaft reducer, and the two motors are respectively installed on both sides of the bayonet seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the bayonet seat has two interfaces, each interface forming a channel downwards and extending into the bayonet groove. The card block has two infusion holes, which are connected to the cooling circulation channel inside the motor housing. When the card block is screwed into the bayonet groove and abuts against the closed end of the bayonet groove, the infusion holes are aligned and connected with the channels inside the interfaces.

[0010] Furthermore, the channel formed downward by the interface is a T-shape including a main channel and two sub-channels. The main channel has a movable pin tube one, and the sub-channels have movable pin tube two. When pin one is accommodated in the main channel, the ends of the two pin two are attached to each other, sealing the connection between the main channel and the branch channel; After being inserted into the sub-channel along the axial direction of the main channel, the ends of the two pin tubes separate and simultaneously connect with the pin tubes, thus connecting the main channel and the sub-channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the first pin tube used to separate the second pin tube is wedge-shaped, and the end of the second pin tube that contacts the first pin tube has a chamfered edge.

[0012] Furthermore, both pin tube one and pin tube two are fixedly installed in the bayonet seat by screw caps.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring is sleeved on the outside of the second pin tube, with the two ends of the spring abutting against the screw cap and the second pin tube respectively. The spring applies a force to the second pin tube to keep the two pin tubes in a mating and close state.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) In this application, the heat dissipation fins on the outside of the motor are specifically designed to be perpendicular to the motor shaft and thus consistent with the vehicle's driving direction. By utilizing the airflow generated during vehicle driving, the heat exchange with the heat dissipation fins is enhanced, thereby improving the motor's heat dissipation effect and achieving the purpose of cleaning dust. (2) In this application, the bayonet seat is not only used to fix the motor itself, but also integrated as a coolant delivery structure. By setting two interfaces on the bayonet seat and corresponding liquid delivery holes on the bayonet block, the liquid delivery holes can be aligned with the interfaces when the motor is completely fixed, so as to deliver circulating coolant to the water cooling channel inside the housing through the interfaces. In this way, it is not necessary to set a coolant delivery structure separately on each motor, which can greatly reduce the pipeline connection and simplify the pipeline connection structure, and improve the integration of the drive system. (3) The pin tube 1 and pin tube 2 set in the channel formed by the interface can also improve the fixing effect and self-sealing effect: that is, when the electric drive system is installed and working normally, pin tube 2 extends out and inserts into the liquid inlet due to the separation action of pin tube 1, thereby locking the block in the slot. Even if the bolt on the connecting ear is loose, the motor can still be fixed, thereby improving the fixing effect of the motor. When the electric drive system malfunctions and needs to be repaired or replaced, especially when the external cooling conveying components malfunction, and the external liquid supply pipe needs to be removed from the interface, the two pin tubes 2 inside the interface will stick together and seal each other, thereby achieving the self-sealing of the interface and avoiding the loss and pollution caused by the leakage of coolant in the motor housing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the electric drive system. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of the motor structure. Figure 3 The diagram shows the connection structure between the front cover of the motor and the parallel shaft reducer. Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the bayonet seat on the parallel shaft reducer. Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the motor front end cover; Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the infusion channel inside the bayonet seat (closed state); Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic of the infusion channel inside the bayonet seat (open state). Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be practiced without these details. In other instances, well-known structures have not been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments. Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and appended claims, the word "comprising" should be interpreted in an open-ended, inclusive sense, i.e., as "including but not limited to".

[0017] like Figure 1The diagram shows the structure of an electric drive system, including a motor 10 and a parallel shaft reducer 20. The motor 10 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The housing of the motor 10 is fixed to the parallel shaft reducer 20, and the output shaft of the motor 10 is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the parallel shaft reducer 20 via a spline. The parallel shaft reducer 20 includes several sets of parallel gear shafts. Each pair of paired gears on the gear shaft meshes with each other, and a differential 21 is provided on the last stage output gear shaft. All gear shafts are mounted on the housing of the parallel shaft reducer 20 via bearings. The parallel shaft reducer 20 includes an output flange 22 on the housing. The output flange 22 is fixedly connected to the toothed flange of the front axle of the electric industrial vehicle after being positioned by a stop.

[0018] See Figure 2 The motor 10 has heat dissipation fins 11 on its outer casing. These fins are annular and perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the motor 10's rotating shaft. Based on the structure of the electric drive system, after the parallel shaft reducer 20 is fixed to the jaw flange of the vehicle's front axle via the output flange 22, the rotating shaft of the motor 10 is perpendicular to the vehicle's travel direction. This results in the heat dissipation fins 11 on the casing being generally parallel to the vehicle's travel direction. During vehicle movement, the airflow... Figure 1 The heat exchanger passes through the heat dissipation fins 11 and the gaps between the heat dissipation fins 11 in the X direction, which achieves the purpose of cleaning dust, while improving heat exchange efficiency and making it more conducive to motor heat dissipation.

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram shows the fixing structure of the motor 10 and the parallel shaft reducer 20. The motor 10 is fixed to the parallel shaft reducer 20 through the front end cover 12. The parallel shaft reducer 20 has a stop groove 23 for positioning with the front end cover 12, and a bayonet seat 24 for fixing the front end cover 12. The side wall of the bayonet seat 24 has a bayonet groove 24a, which is open at one end and closed at the other end. The side wall of the front end cover 12 has a protruding locking block 12a and several connecting ears 12b with through holes. The connecting ears 12b are fixed to the threaded holes on the parallel shaft reducer 20 by bolts.

[0020] When installing the motor 10, the protruding structure of the front cover 12 is inserted into the stop groove 23. Then, the motor 10 is rotated so that the locking block 12a is screwed into the locking groove 24a from the opening and abuts against the closed end of the locking groove 24a. At the same time, the through hole of the connecting ear 12b is aligned with the threaded hole on the parallel shaft reducer 20. Then, it is fixed in the threaded hole with bolts to complete the fixing of the motor 10 and the parallel shaft reducer 20.

[0021] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the top of the bayonet seat 24 has two interfaces 24b, which are used for inputting and outputting coolant, respectively. Each interface 24b forms a channel downwards and extends into the bayonet groove 24a. The bayonet block 12a is provided with two corresponding liquid inlet holes 12c, which are connected to the cooling circulation channel inside the motor housing 10. When the bayonet block 12a is screwed into the bayonet groove 24a and abuts against the closed end of the bayonet groove 24a, the two liquid inlet holes 12c on the bayonet block 12a are aligned with the channels formed downwards by the two interfaces 24b, so that the coolant can be delivered to the motor 10 for circulation and cooling before being output through the two interfaces 24b.

[0022] like Figure 6 As shown, each interface 24b forms a T-shaped channel downwards. This channel includes a main channel and two branch channels extending in opposite directions from one end of the main channel. The cross-section of the main channel and the two branch channels is approximately T-shaped. One pin 25 and two pins 26 are installed within the channel. Pin 25 is located in the main channel, and the two pins 26 are located in the two branch channels respectively. When the ends of the two pins 26 are aligned and fitted together, the connection between the main channel and the branch channels can be closed. Figure 6 As shown; when pin 1 25 moves into the branch channel, it applies pressure to the two pins 26, causing pins 26 to separate and reconnecting them to the main channel through pin 1 25, as shown. Figure 7 As shown.

[0023] See Figure 6 The liquid distribution channel inside pin pipe 25 is also T-shaped, with one axially arranged opening 25a and two radially arranged openings 25b. When pin pipe 25 is used to input coolant, the axially arranged opening 25a is used for liquid inlet, and the two radially arranged openings 25b are used to output coolant after aligning with pin pipe 26; when pin pipe 25 is used to output coolant, the radially arranged opening 25b is used for liquid inlet after aligning with pin pipe 26, and the axially arranged opening 25a is used for coolant output.

[0024] See Figure 6 The channel inside pin tube 26 is arranged along its axial direction to form two openings 26a at both ends. One opening 26a faces the bayonet groove 24a, and the other opening 26a is used for controlled docking with the opening 25b arranged radially on pin tube 25.

[0025] Pin 1 25 is movably disposed in the channel of interface 24b. When the external coolant delivery connector is connected and fixed through interface 24b, the protruding structure in the coolant delivery connector abuts against pin 1 25 and squeezes pin 1 25 to cause it to shift, thereby acting on the mating position of the two pins 26 and causing the two pins 26 to separate.

[0026] To facilitate the separation of the two pin tubes 26, the end of the pin tube 25 is wedge-shaped, and a chamfered edge is provided at the end of the pin tube 26 to match the end of the pin tube 25.

[0027] A screw cap 24c is provided at the top opening of the interface 24b for installing and fixing the pin tube 25; and a sealing ring is provided on the outside of the pin tube 25 to prevent coolant leakage.

[0028] Similarly, a screw cap 24d is also provided in the bayonet groove 24a for installing and fixing the pin tube 26, and a spring 27 is sleeved on the outside of the pin tube 26, so that the two ends of the spring 27 abut against the screw cap 24d and the pin tube 26 respectively, and the spring 27 applies force to the pin tube 26 to keep the two pin tubes 26 in a mating and fitting state.

[0029] In addition, a sealing ring is also installed on the outer wall of pin pipe 26 to prevent coolant leakage.

[0030] The electric drive system in this application uses two permanent magnet synchronous motors in conjunction with a parallel shaft reducer 20 and a drive control system as power output to realize the drive control of industrial vehicles. Its feature is that the heat dissipation fins 11 on the outside of the motor 10 are specifically set to be perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the motor 10 and thus consistent with the vehicle's driving direction. By utilizing the airflow generated during the vehicle's movement, the heat exchange with the heat dissipation fins 11 is enhanced, improving the motor's heat dissipation effect while achieving the purpose of cleaning dust.

[0031] Furthermore, this electric drive system is an integrated structure. The motor 10 is fixed to the parallel shaft reducer 20 and transmits power through the bayonet 24 and the connecting ear 12b. More importantly, the motor 10 not only has a heat dissipation fin structure 11, but also has a water-cooling channel inside its housing. The coolant enters the water-cooling channel inside the housing through the front cover 12. The bayonet 24 is not only used to fix the motor 10 itself, but also integrated as a coolant delivery structure. By setting two interfaces 24b on the bayonet 24 and corresponding liquid inlet holes 12c on the bayonet block 12a, the liquid inlet holes 12c can be aligned and connected with the interfaces 24b when the motor 10 is completely fixed, so as to deliver circulating coolant to the water-cooling channel inside the housing through the interfaces 24b. In this way, it is not necessary to set a separate coolant delivery structure on each motor 10, which can greatly reduce the number of pipeline connections and simplify the pipeline connection structure, thereby improving the integration of the drive system.

[0032] Based on this, the pin 1 25 and pin 26 set in the channel formed by interface 24b can also improve the fixing effect and self-sealing effect: that is, under the normal installation and working state of the electric drive system, due to the separation action of pin 2 26 by pin 1 25, it extends and inserts into the liquid inlet 12c, thereby locking the locking block 12a in the locking groove 24a. Even if the bolt on the connecting ear 12b is loose, the motor 10 can still be fixed, thereby improving the fixing effect of the motor 10. When the electric drive system malfunctions and needs to be repaired or replaced, especially when the external cooling delivery components malfunction, and it is necessary to remove the external liquid supply pipe from interface 24b, the two pins 26 inside interface 24b will stick together and seal each other, thereby achieving the self-sealing of interface 24b and avoiding the loss and contamination caused by the leakage of coolant in the motor 10 housing.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles, comprising a parallel-shaft reducer and a motor fixed to the parallel-shaft reducer, wherein the output shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the parallel-shaft reducer, characterized in that, The motor housing has heat dissipation fins. When the electric drive system is installed on an industrial vehicle, the heat dissipation fins on the motor extend in the same direction as the vehicle's travel direction.

2. The integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins are ring-shaped and surround the motor housing.

3. The integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parallel shaft reducer has a bayonet seat and a bayonet groove formed on the side wall of the bayonet seat. The front end cover of the motor has a locking block and a connecting ear. The locking block can be screwed into the bayonet groove.

4. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bayonet groove is a groove that is open at one end and closed at the other. After the locking block is screwed into the open end of the bayonet groove and stops against the closed end, the connecting lug on the front end cover of the motor is aligned with the connecting hole on the parallel shaft reducer.

5. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two motors are fixed on the parallel shaft reducer, and the two motors are respectively installed on both sides of the bayonet seat.

6. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bayonet seat has two interfaces, each interface forming a channel downwards and extending into the bayonet groove. The card block has two infusion holes, which are connected to the cooling circulation channel inside the motor housing. When the card block is screwed into the bayonet groove and abuts against the closed end of the bayonet groove, the infusion holes are aligned and connected with the channels inside the interfaces.

7. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The downward channel formed by the interface is a T-shape including a main channel and two sub-channels. The main channel has a movable pin tube one, and the sub-channels have movable pin tube two. When pin one is accommodated in the main channel, the ends of the two pin two are attached to each other, sealing the connection between the main channel and the branch channel; After being inserted into the sub-channel along the axial direction of the main channel, the ends of the two pin tubes separate and simultaneously connect with the pin tubes, thus connecting the main channel and the sub-channel.

8. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the first pin tube used to separate the second pin tube is wedge-shaped, and the end of the second pin tube that contacts the first pin tube has a chamfered edge.

9. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both pin one and pin two are fixedly installed in the bayonet seat by screw caps.

10. An integrated electric drive system for electric industrial vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, A spring is sleeved on the outside of the second pin tube. The two ends of the spring abut against the screw cap and the second pin tube respectively. The spring applies a force to the second pin tube to keep the two pin tubes in a mating and close state.

Images