Evaporation and condensation integrated photovoltaic module and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaporation and condensation integrated photovoltaic module and an operation method thereof.The photovoltaic module is arranged in a heat pump system, the heat pump system comprises a circulation loop formed by a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a compressor and a combined heat exchanger which are sequentially connected, and the photovoltaic module comprises an obliquely-arranged photovoltaic support and a photovoltaic temperature control system; a radiator is arranged in the photovoltaic support, one side of the radiator is connected with the photovoltaic panel, the other side of the radiator is connected with a first heat exchanger, the radiator is filled with a working medium, the working medium generates gas-liquid phase change through evaporation and condensation, and the working medium is driven to conduct self-circulation heat exchange based on the density difference of the gas-liquid phase change and the gravity effect. The photovoltaic temperature control system is used for collecting the temperature of a plurality of heat exchangers in the heat pump system and switching the operation mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system based on the temperature of the first heat exchanger so as to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator. And based on the temperature of the second heat exchanger or the combined heat exchanger, temperature abnormity is recognized, and warning is given. According to the invention, the photovoltaic panel is in an optimal operation state through dual heat dissipation and temperature control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically to a photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] Solar power generation is a way of generating electricity by converting solar radiation energy into electrical energy. The most common way of solar power generation is to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy through photovoltaic devices, such as photovoltaic power generation. Photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy for use in people's daily lives. However, most photovoltaic panels have limited space available when installed, and the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels is negatively correlated with temperature. When the temperature exceeds the standard temperature range of photovoltaic panels, the power generation efficiency will decrease as the temperature rises.

[0003] However, traditional photovoltaic (PV) mounting systems rely solely on natural convection or limited air cooling for passive heat dissipation, failing to actively regulate temperature to ensure optimal power generation efficiency of the PV panels. Furthermore, high temperatures accelerate the aging of the PV panels, affecting their durability and increasing equipment costs. Most PV panels cannot be used in conjunction with heat pump systems to achieve coordinated output and utilization of solar, thermal, and electrical energy, thus failing to maximize energy efficiency. Moreover, heat pump systems cannot be used to jointly control the temperature of the PV panels, ensuring optimal power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issues of temperature control and energy utilization in existing photovoltaic panels, this invention provides a photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation and its operation method.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention discloses an evaporative condensation integrated photovoltaic module, which is installed in a heat pump system. The heat pump system includes a circulation loop formed by a heat exchanger I, a heat exchanger II, a compressor, and a combined heat exchanger connected in sequence. The photovoltaic module includes an inclined photovoltaic support and a photovoltaic temperature control system. A heat sink is provided inside the photovoltaic support. One side of the heat sink is connected to a photovoltaic panel, and the other side is connected to the heat exchanger I. The heat sink is filled with a working fluid. The working fluid achieves a gas-liquid phase change through evaporation and condensation. Based on the density difference of the gas-liquid phase change and the effect of gravity, the working fluid is driven to circulate and exchange heat.

[0007] The photovoltaic temperature control system is used to collect the temperature of multiple heat exchangers in the heat pump system, switch the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system based on the temperature of heat exchanger one to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator; and identify temperature abnormalities and issue warnings based on the temperature of heat exchanger two or combined heat exchangers.

[0008] Preferably, the radiator includes an evaporation heat exchange tube and a condensation heat exchange tube. One side of each heat exchange tube is attached to the photovoltaic panel, and the other side is attached to the heat exchanger. The inlet and outlet are connected and filled with working fluid. When the working fluid absorbs heat and evaporates, the gaseous working fluid rises to the evaporation heat exchange tube for heat dissipation. When the gaseous working fluid condenses after heat dissipation, the liquid working fluid flows back to the condensation heat exchange tube under the action of gravity to absorb heat, thus realizing self-circulating heat exchange.

[0009] Preferably, the photovoltaic temperature control system operates in two modes: a cooling mode and a heating mode.

[0010] When the temperature of the heat exchanger exceeds the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the cooling mode will be switched.

[0011] When the temperature of the heat exchanger is lower than the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature, the heating mode will be switched.

[0012] When the temperature of the heat exchanger is greater than or equal to the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature and less than or equal to the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the photovoltaic temperature control system maintains its original operating state.

[0013] Preferably, the photovoltaic temperature control system includes: a temperature sensor one, a temperature sensor two, and a temperature sensor three. The temperature sensor one is installed inside the heat exchanger one and is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchanger one. The temperature sensor two is installed inside the heat exchanger two and is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchanger two. The temperature sensor three is installed inside the combined heat exchanger and is used to detect the temperature of the combined heat exchanger.

[0014] Preferably, the photovoltaic temperature control system includes: an electronic expansion valve one, an electronic expansion valve two, and a four-way reversing valve. The electronic expansion valve one is provided on the inlet side of the heat exchanger one, and the electronic expansion valve two is provided on the outlet side, for adjusting the refrigerant flow of the heat exchanger one. The four-way reversing valve is provided between the heat exchanger two and the compressor, for adjusting the refrigerant flow direction of the heat exchanger one.

[0015] Preferably, when the photovoltaic temperature control system is in cooling mode, the electronic expansion valve increases the positive refrigerant flow rate of the heat exchanger.

[0016] When the photovoltaic temperature control system is in heating mode, the four-way reversing valve is activated to switch the refrigerant flow direction, and the refrigerant flow rate in the reverse direction of heat exchanger is increased through the electronic expansion valve.

[0017] Preferably, when the temperature of the second heat exchanger exceeds a preset first temperature range, an abnormal temperature of the second heat exchanger is detected and a warning is issued;

[0018] When the temperature of the combined heat exchanger exceeds the preset second temperature range, the abnormal temperature of the combined heat exchanger is detected and a warning is issued.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention discloses an operation method based on the photovoltaic module, the operation method comprising:

[0020] The working fluid inside the radiator circulates through evaporation and condensation to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] By acquiring the temperatures of multiple heat exchangers, the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system is switched based on the temperature of heat exchanger one in order to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator.

[0022] Based on the temperature of heat exchanger 2 or combined heat exchanger, identify temperature anomalies and issue warnings.

[0023] A third aspect of the present invention discloses a heat pump system, including the aforementioned photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation.

[0024] A fourth aspect of the present invention discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program implements the method when loaded onto the processor.

[0025] The fifth aspect of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described herein.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art,

[0027] This invention, on the one hand, uses a heat sink installed inside the photovoltaic bracket to cool the photovoltaic panel through the self-circulation of the working fluid inside the heat sink. On the other hand, the photovoltaic temperature control system indirectly regulates the temperature of the heat sink by adjusting the temperature of the heat exchanger, further cooling the photovoltaic panel. Thus, through dual heat dissipation, the photovoltaic panel is kept in the temperature range of optimal power generation efficiency, ensuring the optimal operating state of the photovoltaic panel and extending its service life.

[0028] This invention enables the integrated use of photovoltaic modules and heat pump systems. On the one hand, it allows the photovoltaic modules to achieve optimal power generation performance and significantly extend their lifespan. On the other hand, the heat pump system recovers and utilizes the heat energy of the photovoltaic panels, improving energy efficiency and achieving coordinated output and utilization of light, heat, and electrical energy.

[0029] Meanwhile, the heat sink is located inside the photovoltaic bracket, avoiding the need for additional independent heat sinks or complex liquid cooling piping systems, greatly simplifying the system structure and reducing the footprint and material usage. The photovoltaic bracket serves both as a support and fixation mechanism and as a heat dissipation and temperature control function, achieving an integrated structural and functional design. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of the photovoltaic module and heat pump system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the controller of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a forward flow diagram of heat exchanger one of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a reverse flow diagram of heat exchanger one of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the heat sink of the present invention;

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Heat exchanger one; 2. Photovoltaic module; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Heat exchanger two; 5. Electronic expansion valve one; 6. Electronic expansion valve two; 7. Compressor; 8. Four-way reversing valve; 9. Combined heat exchanger; 10. Fan one; 11. Fan two; 12. Temperature sensor one; 13. Temperature sensor two; 14. Temperature sensor three; 15. Evaporative heat exchange tube; 16. Condensing heat exchange tube; 17. Photovoltaic bracket; 18. Screw thread. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0037] like Figures 1-5 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses an evaporative condensation integrated photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module 2 is installed in a heat pump system. The heat pump system includes a heat exchanger 1, a heat exchanger 4, a compressor 7 and a combined heat exchanger 9 connected in sequence to form a circulation loop. The photovoltaic module 2 includes: an inclined photovoltaic support 17 and a photovoltaic temperature control system.

[0038] The photovoltaic bracket 17 is equipped with a heat sink inside. One side of the photovoltaic bracket 17 is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel through a screw clip 18, and the other side is connected to the heat exchanger 1 through a screw clip 18, so that one side of the heat sink is in contact with the photovoltaic panel and the other side is in contact with the heat exchanger 1. The heat sink is filled with a working fluid. The working fluid achieves gas-liquid phase change through evaporation and condensation. Based on the density difference of the gas-liquid phase change and the effect of gravity, the working fluid is driven to circulate and exchange heat.

[0039] The photovoltaic temperature control system is used to collect the temperature of multiple heat exchangers in the heat pump system, switch the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system based on the temperature of heat exchanger 1 to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator; and identify temperature abnormalities and issue warnings based on the temperature of heat exchanger 4 or combined heat exchanger 9.

[0040] The photovoltaic module 2 receives sunlight through the photovoltaic panel to generate electrical energy and heat energy respectively. The generated electrical energy is used to drive the compressor 7 and other electrical equipment, and the generated heat energy is transferred to the heat pump system through the heat exchanger 1 for heat energy recovery and utilization.

[0041] Heat is transferred between the refrigerant and outdoor air via combined heat exchanger 9, and between the refrigerant and indoor air via heat exchanger 4. The compressor 7 is driven by electricity generated by photovoltaic modules.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the radiator includes an evaporative heat exchange tube 15 and a condenser heat exchange tube 16. One side of each heat exchange tube is attached to the photovoltaic panel, and the other side is attached to the heat exchanger 1. The inlet and outlet are connected and filled with working fluid. When the working fluid evaporates and vaporizes, the gaseous working fluid rises to the evaporative heat exchange tube 15 to dissipate heat. When the gaseous working fluid condenses after dissipating heat, the liquid working fluid flows back to the condenser heat exchange tube 16 under the action of gravity to absorb heat, realizing self-circulating heat exchange, thereby dissipating heat and cooling the photovoltaic panel, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel is always in the temperature range of optimal power generation efficiency.

[0043] The photovoltaic support 17 is inclined, with the evaporation heat exchange tube 15 higher than the condensation heat exchange tube 16, thereby realizing the working fluid circulation driven by gravity.

[0044] Preferably, but not limitingly, the working fluid can be a low-boiling-point working fluid used for heat dissipation and temperature control of the photovoltaic panel. The evaporation heat exchange tube 15 is usually located in a low-temperature area, such as the top, side or extension of the photovoltaic support, so that the gaseous working fluid can be condensed into a liquid state.

[0045] The photovoltaic temperature control system includes: temperature sensor 12, temperature sensor 13, and temperature sensor 14. Temperature sensor 12 is installed in heat exchanger 1 and is used to detect the temperature of heat exchanger 1. Temperature sensor 13 is installed in heat exchanger 4 and is used to detect the temperature of heat exchanger 4. Temperature sensor 14 is installed in combined heat exchanger 9 and is used to detect the temperature of combined heat exchanger 9.

[0046] The photovoltaic temperature control system includes: electronic expansion valve 5, electronic expansion valve 6, and four-way reversing valve 8. Electronic expansion valve 5 is installed on the inlet side of heat exchanger 1 and electronic expansion valve 6 is installed on the outlet side to regulate the refrigerant flow of heat exchanger 1. The four-way reversing valve 8 is installed between heat exchanger 4 and compressor 7 to regulate the refrigerant flow direction of heat exchanger 1.

[0047] The photovoltaic temperature control system operates in two modes: cooling mode and heating mode.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, when the temperature of the heat exchanger 1 is greater than the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the cooling mode will be switched, and the forward refrigerant flow of the heat exchanger 1 will be increased through the electronic expansion valve 5.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, when the temperature of the heat exchanger 1 is lower than the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature, the heating mode will be switched, the four-way reversing valve 8 will be activated to switch the refrigerant flow direction, and the refrigerant flow in the reverse direction of the heat exchanger 1 will be increased through the electronic expansion valve 6.

[0050] When the temperature of heat exchanger 1 is greater than or equal to the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature and less than or equal to the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the photovoltaic temperature control system maintains its original operating state, so that the refrigerant flow rate of heat exchanger 1 remains unchanged.

[0051] It is understandable that the photovoltaic panel transfers heat to heat exchanger 1 by exchanging heat with the radiator, thereby raising the temperature of the refrigerant passing through heat exchanger 1 and realizing the recovery and utilization of heat energy. Therefore, the refrigerant temperature at the inlet of heat exchanger 1 is low and the temperature at the outlet is high. So when the temperature of heat exchanger 1 is higher than the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the temperature of heat exchanger 1 is lowered by adding low-temperature refrigerant in the forward direction. When the temperature of heat exchanger 1 is lower than the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature, the temperature of heat exchanger 1 is raised by adding high-temperature refrigerant in the reverse direction, thereby regulating the temperature of the photovoltaic panel.

[0052] Preferably, but not limitingly, the temperature sensor 1 can be located at the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 1 to detect the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger 1 and send the temperature data of the heat exchanger 1 to the controller.

[0053] When the temperature of the second heat exchanger 4 exceeds the preset first temperature range, the abnormal temperature of the second heat exchanger 4 is detected and a warning is issued.

[0054] When the temperature of the combined heat exchanger 9 exceeds the preset second temperature range, the abnormal temperature of the combined heat exchanger 9 is detected and a warning is issued.

[0055] The heat pump system further includes: a fan 10, a fan 21, and an insulation layer 3. The fan 10 is installed on the heat exchanger 24 and is used to blow the heat from the heat exchanger 24 into the room. By exchanging heat with the indoor air, the refrigerant temperature is regulated. The fan 21 is installed on the combined heat exchanger 9 and is used to blow the heat from the combined heat exchanger 9 into the outside. By exchanging heat with the outside air, the refrigerant temperature is regulated. The insulation layer 3 is installed on the outer surface of the heat exchanger 11 and is used to ensure the heat exchange temperature between the heat exchanger 11 and the radiator and reduce heat loss.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the heat pump system also includes a controller, which is connected to electronic expansion valve 5, electronic expansion valve 6, four-way reversing valve 8, temperature sensor 12, temperature sensor 23, and temperature sensor 34. The controller is used to switch the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system based on the temperature of heat exchanger 1 to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator; and to issue a warning based on the temperature of heat exchanger 24 or combined heat exchanger 9.

[0057] Preferably, but not limitingly, the first fan 10 and the second fan 11 can be connected to a controller to adjust their speeds according to the second temperature sensor 13 and the third temperature sensor 14, respectively, for better control of the refrigerant temperature.

[0058] Preferably, but not limitingly, the controller can also dynamically adjust the refrigerant delivery of electronic expansion valve 5 and electronic expansion valve 6 based on the temperature of temperature sensor 213, regulate the indoor temperature by controlling the temperature of heat exchanger 24, and detect whether the indoor temperature requirement is met.

[0059] Preferably, but not limitingly, the refrigerant of the present invention may be water or other media, such as chemical agents.

[0060] Embodiment 2 of the present invention discloses a method for operating the photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: The working fluid inside the radiator circulates through evaporation and condensation to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel;

[0062] Step 2: By acquiring the temperatures of multiple heat exchangers, the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system is switched based on the temperature of heat exchanger 1 to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator.

[0063] Step 3: Based on the temperature of heat exchanger 4 or combined heat exchanger 9, identify temperature anomalies and issue a warning.

[0064] Embodiment 3 of the present invention discloses a heat pump system, including the aforementioned photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation.

[0065] Embodiment 4 of the present invention discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is loaded onto the processor, it implements the method described above.

[0066] Embodiment 5 of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described herein.

[0067] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art,

[0068] This invention, on the one hand, uses a heat sink installed inside the photovoltaic bracket to cool the photovoltaic panel through the self-circulation of the working fluid inside the heat sink. On the other hand, the photovoltaic temperature control system indirectly regulates the temperature of the heat sink by adjusting the temperature of the heat exchanger, further cooling the photovoltaic panel. Thus, through dual heat dissipation, the photovoltaic panel is kept in the temperature range of optimal power generation efficiency, ensuring the optimal operating state of the photovoltaic panel and extending its service life.

[0069] This invention enables the integrated use of photovoltaic modules and heat pump systems. On the one hand, it allows the photovoltaic modules to achieve optimal power generation performance and significantly extend their lifespan. On the other hand, the heat pump system recovers and utilizes the heat energy of the photovoltaic panels, improving energy efficiency and achieving coordinated output and utilization of light, heat, and electrical energy.

[0070] Meanwhile, the heat sink is located inside the photovoltaic bracket, avoiding the need for additional independent heat sinks or complex liquid cooling piping systems, greatly simplifying the system structure and reducing the footprint and material usage. The photovoltaic bracket serves both as a support and fixation mechanism and as a heat dissipation and temperature control function, achieving an integrated structural and functional design.

[0071] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0072] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0073] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0074] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evaporative and condensing integrated photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module being disposed in a heat pump system, the heat pump system comprising a circulation loop formed by heat exchanger one (1), heat exchanger two (4), compressor (7), and combined heat exchanger (9) connected in sequence, the photovoltaic module comprising: The inclined photovoltaic support (17) and photovoltaic temperature control system are characterized in that: The photovoltaic bracket (17) is equipped with a heat sink. One side of the heat sink is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other side is connected to the heat exchanger (1). The heat sink is filled with a working fluid. The working fluid achieves gas-liquid phase change through evaporation and condensation. Based on the density difference of the gas-liquid phase change and the effect of gravity, the working fluid is driven to circulate and exchange heat. The photovoltaic temperature control system is used to collect the temperature of multiple heat exchangers in the heat pump system, switch the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system based on the temperature of heat exchanger one (1) to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator; and identify temperature abnormalities and issue warnings based on the temperature of heat exchanger two (4) or combined heat exchanger (9).

2. The photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes an evaporation heat exchange tube (15) and a condensation heat exchange tube (16). One side of each heat exchange tube is attached to the photovoltaic panel, and the other side is attached to the heat exchanger (1). The inlet and outlet are connected and filled with working fluid. When the working fluid absorbs heat and evaporates, the gaseous working fluid will rise to the evaporation heat exchange tube (15) to dissipate heat. When the gaseous working fluid dissipates heat and condenses, the liquid working fluid will flow back to the condensation heat exchange tube (16) under the action of gravity to absorb heat, thus realizing self-circulating heat exchange.

3. The photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic temperature control system has two operating modes: cooling mode and heating mode. When the temperature of the heat exchanger (1) is greater than the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the cooling mode will be switched. When the temperature of the heat exchanger (1) is lower than the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature, the heating mode will be switched; When the temperature of the heat exchanger (1) is greater than or equal to the minimum preset photovoltaic temperature and less than or equal to the maximum preset photovoltaic temperature, the photovoltaic temperature control system maintains its original operating state.

4. A photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic temperature control system includes: temperature sensor one (12), temperature sensor two (13) and temperature sensor three (14). Temperature sensor one (12) is installed in heat exchanger one (1) and is used to detect the temperature of heat exchanger one (1). Temperature sensor two (13) is installed in heat exchanger two (4) and is used to detect the temperature of heat exchanger two (4). Temperature sensor three (14) is installed in combined heat exchanger (9) and is used to detect the temperature of combined heat exchanger (9).

5. A photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic temperature control system includes: electronic expansion valve one (5), electronic expansion valve two (6) and four-way reversing valve (8). Electronic expansion valve one (5) is provided on the inlet side of heat exchanger one (1) and electronic expansion valve two (6) is provided on the outlet side to regulate the refrigerant flow of heat exchanger one (1). The four-way reversing valve (8) is provided between heat exchanger two (4) and compressor (7) to regulate the refrigerant flow direction of heat exchanger one (1).

6. A photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the photovoltaic temperature control system is in cooling mode, the positive refrigerant flow of the heat exchanger (1) is increased through the electronic expansion valve (5); When the photovoltaic temperature control system is in heating mode, the four-way reversing valve (8) is activated to switch the refrigerant flow direction and increase the refrigerant flow in the reverse direction of the heat exchanger (1) through the electronic expansion valve (6).

7. A photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature of the second heat exchanger (4) exceeds the preset first temperature range, the abnormal temperature of the second heat exchanger (4) is detected and a warning is issued; When the temperature of the combined heat exchanger (9) exceeds the preset second temperature range, the abnormal temperature of the combined heat exchanger (9) is detected and a warning is issued.

8. A method for operating a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The operating method includes: The working fluid inside the radiator circulates through evaporation and condensation to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel. By acquiring the temperatures of multiple heat exchangers, the operating mode of the photovoltaic temperature control system is switched based on the temperature of heat exchanger one (1) to adjust the heat exchange temperature of the radiator. Based on the temperature of heat exchanger 2 (4) or combined heat exchanger (9), identify temperature anomalies and issue warnings.

9. A heat pump system, characterized in that, This includes a photovoltaic module integrating evaporation and condensation as described in claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is loaded into the processor, it implements the method according to claim 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method according to claim 8.

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