Feeding device
By employing an elastic floating and pressing feeding device in the reed harvester, the problem of reed crushing and breaking was solved, achieving efficient and stable conveying, simplifying the structure, and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511442751.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
The feeding device of existing reed harvesters is prone to squeezing and breaking the reeds during the conveying process, resulting in excessive losses. In addition, the structure is complex and the cost is high.
The feeding device includes a housing and first and second conveying mechanisms. The spacing of the conveying channels is adjusted by an elastic floating mechanism, and flexible clamping and continuous clamping are achieved by combining an elastic clamping device, which simplifies the structure and reduces manufacturing costs.
It reduces the breakage of reeds, improves utilization, simplifies the device structure, lowers manufacturing costs, and ensures stable conveying performance and environmental cleanliness.
Smart Images
Figure CN120959052A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of reed harvester technology, and more particularly to a feeding device. Background Technology
[0002] Most existing reed harvesters use forage harvester feeding devices, which employ multi-roller feeding. This means the forage harvester feeding device includes a frame and multiple feeding rollers rotatably mounted on the frame. These rollers include multiple upper feeding rollers and multiple lower feeding rollers mounted along the conveying direction. The upper and lower feeding rollers rotate in opposite directions, forming a conveying channel through which the reeds are transported. Because the spacing of these existing conveying channels is fixed, if the amount of reeds is large, the feeding rollers will compress the reeds during feeding, causing them to break into small particles that fall off, resulting in excessive reed loss. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to solve the technical problem that the feeding device in the prior art easily squeezes and crushes the reed, the present invention provides a feeding device that can reduce the crushing of reed stalks, improve the utilization rate of reed, simplify the structure of the feeding device, and reduce manufacturing costs.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the feeding device provided by the present invention includes a housing and a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism vertically spaced on the housing. The first conveying mechanism includes two spaced-apart first drive wheels and a first conveyor belt wound around the outside of the two first drive wheels. The second conveying mechanism includes two spaced-apart second drive wheels and a second conveyor belt wound around the outside of the two second drive wheels. A conveying channel is formed between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. The first conveying mechanism is vertically floating on the housing through an elastic floating mechanism to adjust the spacing of the conveying channel. The first conveyor belt includes a first conveying section located on the side of the conveying channel and between the two first drive wheels. The housing is also provided with an elastic pressing device for elastically pressing the first conveying section toward the second conveying mechanism.
[0005] Preferably, the first transmission wheel is located inside the housing and has a first wheel axle that passes through the housing. The elastic floating mechanism includes two pairs of elastic floating components disposed on the outside of the housing. One pair of elastic floating components is disposed at both ends of one of the first wheel axles and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle. The other pair of elastic floating components is disposed at both ends of the other first wheel axle and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle.
[0006] Preferably, the elastic floating assembly includes a movable seat, a first bearing seat, and a first elastic element. The movable seat is vertically slidably mounted on the housing. The first bearing seat is disposed on the movable seat and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle. The first elastic element is disposed on the housing and keeps the movable seat moving toward the direction of the second conveying mechanism.
[0007] Preferably, the movable seat is connected to a vertically extending guide rod, and the housing is provided with a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate that are vertically spaced apart. The first limiting plate is provided with a guide hole through which the guide rod passes. The first elastic element is sleeved on the guide rod and located between the first limiting plate and the movable seat. The second limiting plate is located on the side of the movable seat away from the first limiting plate to limit the floating distance of the movable seat.
[0008] Preferably, the first bearing seat of the pair of elastic floating components is slidably mounted on the movable seat, the first bearing seat slides relative to the movable seat to adjust the distance between the two first transmission wheels, and the first bearing seat is fixed on the movable seat by a first locking mechanism to fix the distance between the two first transmission wheels.
[0009] Preferably, the elastic pressing device includes a floating pressure plate, a second elastic element, and a pressing seat. The pressing seat is mounted on the housing and located between the two first transmission wheels. The floating pressure plate is located on the side of the first conveying section away from the conveying channel. The second elastic element is located between the pressing seat and the floating pressure plate so that the floating pressure plate maintains a tendency to press the first conveying section in the direction of the second conveying mechanism.
[0010] Preferably, the floating pressure plate has a pressing surface pressed onto the first conveying section and a clearance slope located at both ends of the conveying direction. The clearance slope is connected to the pressing surface, and the distance between the two clearance slopes gradually increases in the direction away from the pressing surface.
[0011] Preferably, the second conveyor belt includes a second conveying section located on the side of the conveying channel and between two second drive wheels, and the feeding device further includes a fixed pressure plate that supports the second conveying section toward the first conveying mechanism.
[0012] Preferably, the second transmission wheel is located inside the housing and has a second wheel axle that passes through the housing. Two pairs of fixing components are provided on the outside of the housing. One pair of fixing components is located at both ends of one of the second wheel axles and rotates in cooperation with the second wheel axle. The other pair of fixing components is located at both ends of the other second wheel axle and rotates in cooperation with the second wheel axle.
[0013] Preferably, the fixing assembly includes a fixing seat fixedly mounted on the housing and a second bearing seat mounted on the fixing seat. The second bearing seat is rotatably engaged with the second wheel axle. The second bearing seats of the pair of fixing assemblies are slidably mounted on the fixing seat. The second bearing seats slide relative to the fixing seat to adjust the distance between the two second transmission wheels. The second bearing seats are fixed on the fixing seat by a second locking mechanism to fix the distance between the two second transmission wheels.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The feeding device of this invention uses a conveyor belt to transport reeds. The conveyor belt can be set to be relatively long, which reduces the number of feeding rollers compared to existing multi-roller feeding devices, thereby simplifying the structure of the feeding device and reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, when a large amount of reeds enters the conveying channel, the reeds will cause the first conveying mechanism to move away from the second conveying mechanism, so that the spacing of the conveying channel can be increased adaptively, thus making room for the reeds and avoiding excessive compression of the reeds, which would cause loss due to the formation of fine particles. This reduces the breakage of reed stalks and improves the utilization rate of reeds. When a small amount of reeds enters the conveying channel, the elastic floating mechanism drives the first conveying mechanism to reset and resume normal feeding. Finally, the elastic pressing device elastically presses the first conveying section towards the second conveying mechanism, which makes the first conveying section fit the reeds, thereby making the first and second conveyor belts form sufficient clamping force on the reeds, so that the reeds can be transported stably, thus ensuring the conveying effect of the reeds. That is, the feeding device of this invention can achieve flexible pressing and continuous clamping feeding, thereby achieving stable, gentle and efficient feeding of reeds.
[0015] 2. The first drive wheel is located inside the housing and has a first axle that penetrates the housing. The elastic floating mechanism includes two pairs of elastic floating components located on the outside of the housing. One pair of elastic floating components is located at both ends of one of the first axles and rotates with that axle. The other pair of elastic floating components is located at both ends of the other first axle and rotates with that axle. Since dust and grass clippings are generated during the transport of reeds, placing the first conveyor belt and the first drive wheel inside the housing, i.e., placing the conveying channel inside the housing, can effectively reduce the spread of dust and grass clippings to the outside of the housing, ensuring a clean environment outside the housing. Placing the elastic floating mechanism on the relatively clean outside of the housing keeps it away from dust and grass clippings, preventing their accumulation and potential jamming. Furthermore, the elastic floating mechanism is a vulnerable component; therefore, placing it outside the housing allows maintenance personnel to directly inspect, lubricate, or replace it without opening the housing or disassembling the internal conveyor belt. This significantly reduces downtime and lowers maintenance difficulty and cost.
[0016] 3. The elastic floating assembly includes a movable seat, a first bearing seat, and a first elastic element. The movable seat is vertically slidably mounted on the housing. The first bearing seat is located on the movable seat and rotates with the first wheel axle. The first elastic element is located on the housing and tends to move the movable seat towards the second conveying mechanism. This design allows the first elastic element to push the movable seat, which in turn transmits force to the first wheel axle via the first bearing seat. This ultimately creates a continuous and stable pressure on the second conveying mechanism. When the reed conveying volume is large, the first wheel axle can be driven to move away from the second conveying mechanism, causing the movable seat to compress the first elastic element. This allows the first conveying mechanism to move and increase the conveying channel spacing. When excessively thick reeds pass through, the first elastic element's restoring force allows the first conveying mechanism to automatically return to its original working position and continue normal feeding, thus achieving flexible and tight feeding.
[0017] 4. The movable seat is connected to a vertically extending guide rod. The housing is provided with a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate that are vertically spaced apart. The first limiting plate has a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through. A first elastic element is sleeved on the guide rod and located between the first limiting plate and the movable seat. The second limiting plate is located on the side of the movable seat away from the first limiting plate to limit the floating distance of the movable seat. This design guides the vertical floating of the movable seat through the cooperation of the guide hole and the guide rod, preventing the movable seat from tilting and getting stuck during floating. In addition, the first elastic element sleeved on the guide rod can guide the vertical extension and contraction of the first elastic element through the guide rod, preventing the first elastic element from tilting during extension and contraction, which would cause an imbalance in the force applied to the movable seat and lead to jamming.
[0018] 5. In one pair of elastic floating components, the first bearing seat is slidably mounted on the movable seat. The first bearing seat slides relative to the movable seat to adjust the distance between the two first drive wheels. The first bearing seat is fixed to the movable seat by the first locking mechanism to fix the distance between the two first drive wheels. This design allows the first conveyor belt to maintain optimal tension by adjusting the distance between the two first drive wheels, avoiding problems caused by excessive tightness (aggravated wear, increased energy consumption) or excessive looseness (slippage, wear, misalignment), thereby extending the service life of the first conveyor belt. Compared with designs that require disassembling the entire first drive wheel or using complex tensioning mechanisms such as eccentric sleeves, this linear sliding adjustment method is simple, intuitive, and highly precise. Maintenance personnel only need to loosen the first locking mechanism, move the first bearing seat to the appropriate position, and then re-lock it, making operation very convenient.
[0019] 6. The elastic clamping device includes a floating pressure plate, a second elastic element, and a pressing seat. The pressing seat is mounted on the housing and located between the two first transmission wheels. The floating pressure plate is located on the side of the first conveying section away from the conveying channel. The second elastic element is located between the pressing seat and the floating pressure plate to keep the floating pressure plate pressing against the first conveying section in the direction of the second conveying mechanism. This design allows the overall floating of the first conveying mechanism to adapt to changes in the amount of reed being conveyed. The floating pressure plate, under the action of the second elastic element, can move independently and locally up and down to adapt to local unevenness, looseness, or uneven thickness of the reed within the conveying channel. This dual self-adaptation ensures that the reed receives an extremely close and uniform clamping force throughout the entire conveying process, completely eliminating dead angles of local suspension or insufficient clamping force. This allows the reed to maintain the correct posture and trajectory for forward conveying, effectively preventing the reed from tilting, twisting, or blocking within the conveying channel, ensuring smooth and orderly conveying.
[0020] 7. The floating pressure plate has a pressing surface pressed onto the first conveying section and avoidance ramps located at both ends of the conveying direction. The avoidance ramps are connected to the pressing surface, and the distance between the two avoidance ramps gradually increases in the direction away from the pressing surface. With this design, when the floating pressure plate is designed as a straight surface at both ends of the conveying direction, it will form line contact with the surface of the first conveyor belt, causing local stress concentration and breakage of the first conveyor belt. This technical solution is designed so that the avoidance ramps can form surface contact with the first conveyor belt, thereby reducing stress concentration and extending the service life of the first conveyor belt. In addition, after the first conveyor belt contacts the avoidance ramps, a guiding ramp is also formed, so that the reeds can be gradually and gently guided along the guiding ramps into the conveying channel below the floating pressure plate after contacting the guiding ramps, greatly reducing the risk of the reeds being "stuck" at the inlet and ensuring a smooth and continuous feeding process.
[0021] 8. The second conveyor belt includes a second conveying section located on the side of the conveying channel and between two second drive wheels. The feeding device also includes a fixed pressure plate, which supports the second conveying section towards the first conveying mechanism. With this design, the second conveyor belt itself is flexible. When suspended a long distance between the two second drive wheels, the second conveying section may dent, shake, or vibrate under the action of the reeds and the pressure of the elastic clamping device, thus affecting conveying. The fixed pressure plate provides continuous and comprehensive support for the second conveying section. Thus, when the first conveying section is pressed down under the action of the elastic clamping device, the reeds are firmly pressed onto this stable second conveyor belt, ensuring the clamping force of the second and first conveyor belts on the reeds, thereby generating real and effective friction. Finally, the support of the fixed pressure plate ensures that the wrap angle area between the second conveyor belt and the second drive wheels (especially the second drive wheels connected to the drive component) maintains optimal contact, reducing the risk of slippage and improving operational stability and reliability.
[0022] 9. The second drive wheel is located inside the housing and has a second wheel axle that penetrates the housing. Two pairs of fixing components are located on the outside of the housing. One pair of fixing components is located at both ends of one of the second wheel axles and rotates with that axle. The other pair of fixing components is located at both ends of the other second wheel axle and rotates with that axle. Since dust and grass clippings are generated during the transport of reeds, placing the second conveyor belt and the second drive wheel inside the housing—that is, placing the conveying channel inside the housing—effectively reduces the spread of dust and grass clippings to the outside of the housing, ensuring a clean environment outside the housing. Placing the fixing components on the relatively clean outside of the housing keeps them away from dust and grass clippings. Furthermore, placing the fixing components outside the housing allows maintenance personnel to directly inspect, lubricate, or replace the conveyor belt without opening the housing or disassembling the internal conveyor belt, significantly reducing downtime and lowering maintenance difficulty and costs.
[0023] 10. The fixing components include a fixed base fixedly mounted on the housing and a second bearing seat mounted on the fixed base. The second bearing seat rotates with the second wheel shaft. A pair of second bearing seats in the fixing components are slidably mounted on the fixed base. The second bearing seats slide relative to the fixed base to adjust the distance between the two second drive wheels. The second bearing seats are fixed to the fixed base by a second locking mechanism to fix the distance between the two second drive wheels. This design allows the second conveyor belt to maintain optimal tension by adjusting the distance between the two second drive wheels, avoiding problems caused by excessive tightness (increased wear, increased energy consumption) or excessive looseness (slippage, wear, misalignment), thereby extending the service life of the second conveyor belt. Compared to designs that require disassembling the entire second drive wheel or using complex tensioning mechanisms such as eccentric sleeves, this linear sliding adjustment method is simple, intuitive, and highly precise. Maintenance personnel only need to loosen the second locking mechanism, move the second bearing seat to the appropriate position, and then re-lock it, making operation very convenient. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of an elastic floating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shell in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view of AA; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view of BB; In the diagram, 100 is the housing; 101 is the first through hole; 102 is the second through hole; 103 is the third through hole; 110 is the first limiting plate; 120 is the second limiting plate; 130 is the support rod; 131 is the support column; 140 is the tail carriage plate; 200 is the first conveying mechanism; 210 is the first transmission wheel; 211 is the first wheel axle; 220 is the first conveyor belt; 221 is the first conveying section; 300 is the second conveying mechanism; 310 is the second transmission wheel; 311 is the second wheel axle; 320 is the second conveyor belt; 321 is the second conveying section; 400 is the elastic floating mechanism; 410 is the elastic floating component; and 411 is the movable seat. 4110, First locking plate; 412, First bearing seat; 413, First elastic element; 414, Guide rod; 420, First locking mechanism; 421, First threaded rod; 422, First locking nut; 500, Fixing assembly; 510, Fixing seat; 511, Second locking plate; 520, Second bearing seat; 530, Second locking mechanism; 531, Second threaded rod; 532, Second locking nut; 600, Elastic pressing device; 610, Floating pressure plate; 611, Pressing surface; 612, Avoidance slope; 613, Floating rod; 620, Second elastic element; 630, Pressing seat; 700, Fixed pressure plate. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "longitudinal," "lateral," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based solely on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device / component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Example
[0026] Combination Figures 1 to 6The feeding device of this embodiment includes a housing 100 and a first conveying mechanism 200 and a second conveying mechanism 300 vertically spaced on the housing 100. The first conveying mechanism 200 includes two spaced first drive wheels 210 and a first conveyor belt 220 wound around the outside of the two first drive wheels 210. The second conveying mechanism 300 includes two spaced second drive wheels 310 and a second conveyor belt 320 wound around the outside of the two second drive wheels 310. A conveying channel is formed between the first conveyor belt 220 and the second conveyor belt 320. The first conveying mechanism 200 is vertically floating on the housing 100 by an elastic floating mechanism 400 to adjust the spacing of the conveying channel. The first conveyor belt 220 includes a first conveying section 221 located on the side of the conveying channel and between the two first drive wheels 210. An elastic pressing device 600 is also provided on the housing 100. The elastic pressing device 600 is used to elastically press the first conveying section 221 toward the second conveying mechanism 300.
[0027] In this embodiment, the feeding device uses a conveyor belt to transport the reeds. The conveyor belt can be set to be relatively long, which reduces the number of feeding rollers compared to existing multi-roller feeding devices, thus simplifying the structure of the feeding device and reducing manufacturing costs. Furthermore, when a large amount of reeds enters the conveying channel, the reeds will cause the first conveying mechanism 200 to move away from the second conveying mechanism 300, so that the spacing of the conveying channel automatically increases, thereby making room for the reeds and avoiding excessive compression that could lead to the formation of fine particles and loss, thus reducing the breakage of the reed stalks and improving the utilization rate of the reeds. When a small amount of reeds... After entering the conveying channel, the elastic floating mechanism 400 drives the first conveying mechanism 200 to reset and perform normal feeding. Finally, the elastic pressing device 600 elastically presses the first conveying section 221 towards the second conveying mechanism 300, so that the first conveying section 221 fits against the reed, thereby making the first conveyor belt 220 and the second conveyor belt 320 form sufficient clamping force on the reed, so that the reed can be conveyed stably, thus ensuring the conveying effect of the reed. That is, the feeding device in this embodiment can realize flexible pressing and continuous clamping feeding, thereby achieving stable, gentle and efficient feeding of the reed.
[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 200 is located above the second conveying mechanism 300. The first drive wheel 210 is located inside the housing 100 and has a first wheel axle 211 penetrating the housing 100. The second drive wheel 310 is located inside the housing 100 and has a second wheel axle 311 penetrating the housing 100. At this time, the first conveyor belt 220 and the second conveyor belt 320 are also located inside the housing 100. Since dust and grass clippings will be generated during the transport of reeds, the first conveyor belt 220, the first drive wheel 210, the second conveyor belt 320, and the second drive wheel 310 are all located inside the housing 100. That is, the conveying channel is located inside the housing 100, which can effectively reduce the diffusion of dust and grass clippings to the outside of the housing 100, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the environment outside the housing 100. The elastic floating mechanism 400 in this embodiment includes two pairs of elastic floating components 410 disposed on the outside of the housing 100. One pair of elastic floating components 410 is disposed at both ends of one of the first wheel axles 211 and rotatably engages with the first wheel axle 211. The other pair of elastic floating components 410 is disposed at both ends of the other first wheel axle 211 and rotatably engages with the first wheel axle 211. In this embodiment, the two first transmission wheels 210 are distributed back-to-back at intervals along the conveying direction. One pair of elastic floating components 410 is disposed at both ends of the front first wheel axle 211 and rotatably engages with the front first wheel axle 211. The other pair of elastic floating components 410... Located at both ends of the first rear wheel axle 211 and rotating in cooperation with it, the elastic floating mechanism 400 is positioned outside the relatively clean housing 100, keeping it away from dust and grass clippings to prevent them from accumulating and jamming. Furthermore, since the elastic floating mechanism 400 is a wear part, its placement outside the housing 100 allows maintenance personnel to directly inspect, lubricate, or replace it without opening the housing 100 or disassembling the internal first conveyor belt 220, significantly reducing downtime and lowering maintenance difficulty and costs.
[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the elastic floating mechanism 400 of this embodiment includes four elastic floating components 410. Each elastic floating component 410 includes a movable seat 411, a first bearing seat 412, and a first elastic element 413. The first elastic element 413 is a spring. The movable seat 411 is vertically slidably mounted on the housing 100. The first bearing seat 412 is disposed on the movable seat 411 and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle 211. The first elastic element 413 is disposed on the housing 100 and keeps the movable seat 411 moving towards the second conveying mechanism 300. When the first conveying mechanism 200 is located above the second conveying mechanism 300, the first elastic element 413 is disposed on the housing 100 and keeps the movable seat 411 moving downward. This design allows the first elastic element 413 to push the movable seat 411, which in turn transmits force to the first wheel axle 211 via the first bearing seat 412. This ultimately creates a continuous and stable pressure on the first conveying mechanism 200, pointing towards the second conveying mechanism 300. When the reed conveying volume is large, the first wheel axle 211 can be driven to move away from the second conveying mechanism 300, causing the movable seat 411 to compress the first elastic element 413. This allows the first conveying mechanism 200 to move and increase the spacing between conveying channels. When excessively thick reeds pass through, the restoring force of the first elastic element 413 allows the first conveying mechanism 200 to automatically return to its original working position and continue normal feeding, thus achieving flexible compression feeding. Furthermore, the first conveying mechanism 200 is positioned above the second conveying mechanism 300, reducing the elasticity requirement on the first elastic element 413 and lowering its manufacturing cost.
[0030] To ensure the vertical floating of the movable seat 411, in this embodiment, a guide rod 414 extending vertically upward is connected to the top of the movable seat 411. The housing 100 is provided with a first limiting plate 110 and a second limiting plate 120 arranged vertically at intervals. The first limiting plate 110 and the second limiting plate 120 can be integrally formed with the housing 100 or fixed to the housing 100 by screws. The first limiting plate 110 is provided with a guide hole for the guide rod 414 to pass through. The first elastic element 413 is sleeved on the guide rod 414 and located between the first limiting plate 110 and the movable seat 411. The second limiting plate 120 is located on the side of the movable seat 411 away from the first limiting plate 110 to limit the floating distance of the movable seat 411. In this embodiment, the first limiting plate 110 is located above the movable seat 411, the guide rod 414 is located at the top of the movable seat 411, and the second limiting plate 120 is located below the movable seat 411 to limit the downward floating distance of the movable seat 411. This design allows for the vertical floating of the movable seat 411 through the cooperation of the guide hole and the guide rod 414, preventing the movable seat 411 from tilting and getting stuck during floating. Furthermore, the first elastic element 413, sleeved on the guide rod 414, can be guided vertically by the guide rod 414 to prevent tilting of the first elastic element 413 during extension and retraction, which could lead to an unbalanced force on the movable seat 411 and cause it to get stuck. Preferably, the top of the movable seat 411 has two guide rods 414 spaced apart along its length, each guide rod 414 having a first elastic element 413 sleeved on it. The second limiting plate 120 and the side wall of the housing 100 form a first guide groove, which further guides the vertical sliding of the movable seat 411.
[0031] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first bearing seat 412 of one pair of elastic floating components 410 is slidably mounted on the movable seat 411. The first bearing seat 412 slides relative to the movable seat 411 to adjust the distance between the two first transmission wheels 210. The first bearing seat 412 is fixed to the movable seat 411 by the first locking mechanism 420 to fix the distance between the two first transmission wheels 210. With this design, the first conveyor belt 220 can be kept in the optimal tension state by adjusting the distance between the two first transmission wheels 210, avoiding the problems caused by being too tight (increased wear and increased energy consumption) or too loose (slippage, wear, and deviation), thereby extending the service life of the first conveyor belt 220. Compared with designs that require disassembling the entire first transmission wheel 210 or using complex tensioning mechanisms such as eccentric sleeves, this linear sliding adjustment method is simple in structure, intuitive, and has high adjustment accuracy. Maintenance personnel only need to loosen the first locking mechanism 420, move the first bearing seat 412 to the appropriate position, and then re-lock it, making the operation very convenient.
[0032] Taking a case where the first bearing seat 412 of the front elastic floating assembly 410 is slidably mounted on the front movable seat 411 and the first bearing seat 412 of the rear elastic floating assembly 410 is fixedly mounted on the rear movable seat 411, the front movable seat 411 is provided with a second guide groove extending along the conveying direction. The opening of the second guide groove is open in the direction away from the housing 100. The first bearing seat 412 is slidably mounted in the second guide groove. The first locking mechanism 420 includes a first threaded rod 421 and a first locking nut 422. The first threaded rod 421 is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat 412 and extends rearward. The first locking plate 4110 is provided in the second guide groove. The first locking plate 4110 has a through hole for the first threaded rod 421 to pass through. Two first locking nuts 422 are respectively threaded to the first threaded rod 421 and are located on the front and rear sides of the first locking plate 4110. After the first bearing seat 412 on the front side slides and the distance between the two first transmission wheels 210 is adjusted, the first threaded rod 421 can be locked relative to the first locking plate 4110 by rotating the two first locking nuts 422 to abut against the first locking plate 4110, thereby fixing the first bearing seat 412 on the front side to the movable seat 411 on the front side. The movable seat 411 on the rear side has a first mounting groove with an opening facing away from the housing 100. The first bearing seat 412 on the rear side is fixed in the first mounting groove so that the first bearing seat 412 on the rear side is fixedly mounted on the movable seat 411 on the rear side.
[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, since the first bearing seat 412 on the front side can move vertically and in the front-back direction relative to the housing 100, a first through hole 101 is provided on the upper front side of the housing 100 for the first wheel axle 211 on the front side to pass through. The first through hole 101 is a rectangular hole with rounded corners. The first bearing seat 412 on the rear side can only move vertically relative to the housing 100, so a second through hole 102 is provided on the upper rear side of the housing 100 for the first wheel axle 211 on the rear side to pass through. The second through hole 102 is a waist-shaped hole that extends vertically.
[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the second conveying mechanism 300 is fixed in the vertical direction relative to the housing 100. Two pairs of fixing components 500 are provided on the outside of the housing 100. One pair of fixing components 500 is located at both ends of one of the second wheel shafts 311 and rotates with the second wheel shaft 311. The other pair of fixing components 500 is located at both ends of the other second wheel shaft 311 and rotates with the second wheel shaft 311. Since the two second wheel shafts 311 are distributed at a front-to-back interval along the conveying direction, one pair of fixing components 500 is located at both ends of the front second wheel shaft 311 and rotates with the front second wheel shaft 311, and the other pair of fixing components 500 is located at both ends of the rear second wheel shaft 311 and rotates with the rear second wheel shaft 311. By placing the four fixing components 500 on the relatively clean outside of the housing 100, the fixing components 500 can be kept away from dust, grass clippings, etc. In addition, since the fixing components 500 are placed outside the housing 100, maintenance personnel can directly perform inspection, lubrication or replacement without opening the housing 100 or disassembling the internal second conveyor belt 320. This greatly shortens downtime and reduces maintenance difficulty and cost.
[0035] The fixing assembly 500 includes a fixing seat 510 and a second bearing seat 520 mounted on the fixing seat 510. The fixing seat 510 is fixed to the outside of the housing 100 by screws or welding. The second bearing seat 520 is rotatably engaged with the second wheel axle 311. The second bearing seats 520 of the pair of fixing assemblies 500 are slidably mounted on the fixing seat 510. The second bearing seats 520 slide relative to the fixing seat 510 to adjust the distance between the two second transmission wheels 310. The second bearing seats 520 are fixed to the fixing seat 510 by the second locking mechanism 530 to fix the distance between the two second transmission wheels 310. This design allows the second conveyor belt 320 to maintain optimal tension by adjusting the distance between the two second drive wheels 310, avoiding problems caused by being too tight (aggravating wear and increasing energy consumption) or too loose (slipping, wear, and misalignment). This extends the service life of the second conveyor belt 320. Compared to designs that require disassembling the entire second drive wheel 310 or using complex tensioning mechanisms such as eccentric sleeves, this linear sliding adjustment method is simple, intuitive, and highly precise. Maintenance personnel only need to loosen the second locking mechanism 530, move the second bearing seat 520 to the appropriate position, and then re-lock it, making the operation very convenient.
[0036] Taking a case where the front second bearing seat 520 is slidably mounted on the front fixed seat 510 and the rear second bearing seat 520 is fixedly mounted on the rear fixed seat 510 as an example, the front fixed seat 510 is provided with a third guide groove extending along the conveying direction. The opening of the third guide groove is open in the direction away from the housing 100. The front second bearing seat 520 is slidably mounted in the third guide groove. The second locking mechanism 530 includes a second threaded rod 531 and a second locking nut 532. The second threaded rod 531 is fixedly connected to the second bearing seat 520 and extends rearward. The third guide groove... The device includes a second locking plate 511 with a through hole for the second threaded rod 531 to pass through. Two second locking nuts 532 are threadedly connected to the second threaded rod 531 and located on the front and rear sides of the second locking plate 511, respectively. After the second bearing seat 520 on the front side slides and the distance between the two second transmission wheels 310 is adjusted, the two second locking nuts 532 are rotated to abut against the second locking plate 511, thereby locking the second threaded rod 531 relative to the second locking plate 511 and fixing the second bearing seat 520 on the front side to the fixed seat 510. The fixed seat 510 on the rear side has a second mounting groove with an opening facing away from the housing 100. The second bearing seat 520 on the rear side is fixed in the second mounting groove, so that the second bearing seat 520 on the rear side is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat 510. Since the second bearing seat 520 on the front side can move in the front and back direction relative to the housing 100, a third through hole 103 is provided on the front side of the housing 100 for the second wheel axle 311 on the front side to pass through. The third through hole 103 is an oblong hole extending in the front and back direction.
[0037] In addition, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the elastic pressing device 600 in this embodiment includes a floating pressure plate 610, a second elastic element 620, and a pressing seat 630. The pressing seat 630 is a hollow pressing rod, and the extension direction of the pressing rod is parallel to the axis of the first transmission wheel 210. The two ends of the pressing seat 630 are fixedly installed in the housing 100 by screw connection, and multiple pressing seats 630 are spaced apart between two first transmission wheels 210 along the conveying direction. The floating pressure plate 610 is located in the first conveying section 221 away from the conveying channel. On one side, the floating pressure plate 610 is provided with a plurality of floating rods 613 extending in the direction away from the conveying channel. The floating rods 613 pass through the pressing seat 630 and are connected to the limit nut. The floating rods 613 can float vertically relative to the pressing seat 630. The second elastic element 620 is a spring sleeved on the floating rods 613. The second elastic element 620 is provided between the pressing seat 630 and the floating pressure plate 610 so that the floating pressure plate 610 maintains the tendency to press the first conveying section 221 in the direction of the second conveying mechanism 300. This design allows the overall floating of the first conveying mechanism 200 to adapt to changes in the amount of reed being conveyed. Meanwhile, the floating pressure plate 610, under the action of the second elastic element 620, can move up and down independently and locally to adapt to local unevenness, looseness, or uneven thickness of the reed in the conveying channel. This dual self-adaptation ensures that the reed receives an extremely close and uniform clamping force throughout the entire conveying process, completely eliminating dead angles of local suspension or insufficient clamping force. This allows the reed to maintain the correct posture and trajectory for forward conveying, effectively preventing the reed from tilting, twisting, or blocking in the conveying channel, and ensuring smooth and orderly conveying.
[0038] Preferably, the floating pressure plate 610 has a pressing surface 611 pressed onto the first conveying section 221 and a clearance slope 612 located at both ends of the conveying direction. The clearance slope 612 is connected to the pressing surface 611, and the distance between the two clearance slopes 612 gradually increases in the direction away from the pressing surface. With this design, when the floating pressure plate 610 is designed as a straight surface at both ends of the conveying direction, it will form line contact with the surface of the first conveyor belt, causing local stress concentration and breakage of the first conveyor belt 220. This technical solution is designed so that the avoidance slope 612 can form surface contact with the first conveyor belt 220, thereby reducing stress concentration and extending the service life of the first conveyor belt 220. In addition, after the first conveyor belt 220 contacts the avoidance slope 612, a guiding slope will also be formed, so that the reeds can be gradually and gently guided along the guiding slope into the conveying channel below the floating pressure plate 610 after contacting the guiding slope, which greatly reduces the risk of the reeds being tripped at the entrance and ensures the smoothness and continuity of the feeding process.
[0039] To ensure that the first conveyor belt 220 and the second conveyor belt 320 form an effective clamping force on the reed, the second conveyor belt 320 in this embodiment includes a second conveying section 321 located on the side of the conveying channel and between the two second drive wheels 310. The feeding device also includes a fixed pressure plate 700. The housing 100 is provided with a plurality of hollow support rods 130 spaced apart along the conveying direction. The extension direction of the plurality of support rods 130 is parallel to the axis of the second drive wheel 310. The two ends of the support rods 130 are fixed in the housing 100 by screw connection. The plurality of support rods 130 are located between the two second drive wheels 310. The top of the support rods 130 is provided with a plurality of upwardly extending support columns 131. The top of the support columns 131 is fixedly connected to the fixed pressure plate 700. The fixed pressure plate 700 supports the second conveying section 321 in the direction of the first conveying mechanism 200. With this design, the second conveyor belt 320 itself is flexible. When suspended for a long distance between the two second drive wheels 310, the second conveyor section 321 will dent, shake, or vibrate under the action of the reeds and the pressure of the elastic clamping device 600, thus affecting the conveying. The fixed pressure plate 700 can provide continuous and comprehensive support for the second conveyor section 321. In this way, when the first conveyor section 221 is pressed down under the action of the elastic clamping device 600, the reeds can be firmly pressed onto this stable second conveyor belt 320, thereby ensuring the clamping force of the second conveyor belt 320 and the first conveyor belt 220 on the reeds, thus generating real and effective friction. Finally, the support of the fixed pressure plate 700 ensures that the wrap angle area between the second conveyor belt 320 and the second drive wheel 310 (especially the second drive wheel connected to the drive component) maintains the best contact state, reducing the risk of slippage and improving the stability and reliability of operation.
[0040] Finally, the feeding device in this embodiment also includes two driving components, which are hydraulic motors or electric motors. One driving component is connected to one of the first transmission wheels 210 to drive the first transmission wheel 210 to rotate, and the other driving component is connected to one of the second transmission wheels 310 to drive the second transmission wheel 310 to rotate. The rotation direction of the first transmission wheel 210 is opposite to that of the second transmission wheel 310. In addition, the conveying channel has an inlet and an outlet, and a tail drag plate 140 is also provided inside the housing 100. The tail drag plate 140 is located behind the second transmission wheel 310 and slightly lower than the second conveying section 321 to provide auxiliary support for the subsequent feeding of reeds into the shredding drum. The extending direction of the tail drag plate 140 is parallel to the axis of the second transmission wheel 310.
[0041] It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the first conveying mechanism may also be disposed below the second conveying mechanism, and the second conveying mechanism is fixedly disposed vertically relative to the housing, which is equivalent to the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism interchanged in Embodiment 1, which will not be described in detail here.
[0042] It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the second conveying mechanism is also mounted on the housing via an elastic floating mechanism, and the specific arrangement of the first conveying mechanism can be referred to, which will not be described in detail here.
[0043] It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the first bearing seat on the front side is fixedly mounted on the movable seat on the front side, and the first bearing seat on the rear side is slidably mounted on the movable seat on the rear side. The first bearing seat on the rear side is fixed on the movable seat on the rear side by a first locking mechanism. In this way, the distance between the two first transmission wheels can also be adjusted by moving the first bearing seat on the rear side.
[0044] It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the second bearing seat on the front side is fixedly mounted on the fixed seat on the front side, and the second bearing seat on the rear side is slidably mounted on the fixed seat on the rear side. The second bearing seat on the rear side is fixed to the fixed seat on the rear side by the second locking mechanism. In this way, the distance between the two second transmission wheels can also be adjusted by moving the second bearing seat on the rear side.
[0045] It is understood that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the feeding device can also feed slender, rod-shaped plants such as corn stalks and sorghum stalks.
[0046] In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, the present invention may have other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications based on the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope defined in the claims of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A feeding device, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism vertically spaced on the housing. The first conveying mechanism includes two spaced-apart first drive wheels and a first conveyor belt wound around the outside of the two first drive wheels. The second conveying mechanism includes two spaced-apart second drive wheels and a second conveyor belt wound around the outside of the two second drive wheels. A conveying channel is formed between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. The first conveying mechanism is vertically floating on the housing via an elastic floating mechanism to adjust the spacing of the conveying channel. The first conveyor belt includes a first conveying section located on the side of the conveying channel and between the two first drive wheels. The housing is also provided with an elastic pressing device for elastically pressing the first conveying section toward the second conveying mechanism.
2. The feeding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission wheel is located inside the housing and has a first wheel axle that passes through the housing. The elastic floating mechanism includes two pairs of elastic floating components located on the outside of the housing. One pair of elastic floating components is located at both ends of one of the first wheel axles and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle. The other pair of elastic floating components is located at both ends of the other first wheel axle and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle.
3. The feeding device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic floating assembly includes a movable seat, a first bearing seat, and a first elastic element. The movable seat is vertically slidably mounted on the housing. The first bearing seat is disposed on the movable seat and rotates in cooperation with the first wheel axle. The first elastic element is disposed on the housing and causes the movable seat to maintain a tendency to move towards the second conveying mechanism.
4. The feeding device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The movable seat is connected to a vertically extending guide rod. The housing is provided with a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate that are vertically spaced apart. The first limiting plate is provided with a guide hole through which the guide rod passes. The first elastic element is sleeved on the guide rod and located between the first limiting plate and the movable seat. The second limiting plate is located on the side of the movable seat away from the first limiting plate to limit the floating distance of the movable seat.
5. The feeding device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first bearing seat of one pair of elastic floating components is slidably mounted on the movable seat. The first bearing seat slides relative to the movable seat to adjust the distance between the two first transmission wheels. The first bearing seat is fixed to the movable seat by a first locking mechanism to fix the distance between the two first transmission wheels.
6. The feeding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic pressing device includes a floating pressure plate, a second elastic element, and a pressing seat. The pressing seat is mounted on the housing and located between two first transmission wheels. The floating pressure plate is located on the side of the first conveying section away from the conveying channel. The second elastic element is located between the pressing seat and the floating pressure plate so that the floating pressure plate maintains a tendency to press the first conveying section in the direction of the second conveying mechanism.
7. The feeding device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The floating pressure plate has a pressing surface pressed onto the first conveying section and a clearance slope located at both ends of the conveying direction. The clearance slope is connected to the pressing surface, and the distance between the two clearance slopes gradually increases in the direction away from the pressing surface.
8. The feeding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The second conveyor belt includes a second conveying section located on the side of the conveying channel and between two second drive wheels. The feeding device also includes a fixed pressure plate that supports the second conveying section toward the first conveying mechanism.
9. The feeding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The second transmission wheel is located inside the housing and has a second wheel axle that passes through the housing. Two pairs of fixing components are provided on the outside of the housing. One pair of fixing components is located at both ends of one of the second wheel axles and rotates in cooperation with the second wheel axle. The other pair of fixing components is located at both ends of the other second wheel axle and rotates in cooperation with the second wheel axle.
10. The feeding device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The fixing assembly includes a fixing seat fixedly mounted on the housing and a second bearing seat mounted on the fixing seat. The second bearing seat is rotatably engaged with the second wheel axle. The second bearing seats of the pair of fixing assemblies are slidably mounted on the fixing seat. The second bearing seats slide relative to the fixing seat to adjust the distance between the two second transmission wheels. The second bearing seats are fixed on the fixing seat by a second locking mechanism to fix the distance between the two second transmission wheels.