Pepper straw granulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a pepper straw granulator which comprises a base, a conveying mechanism arranged on the base, a drying assembly arranged in the middle of the conveying mechanism, a smashing mechanism arranged behind the conveying mechanism, a forming mechanism arranged at a discharging opening of the smashing mechanism, a compression roller assembly and a fodder chopper assembly. The conveying mechanism comprises a supporting frame and a chain plate type conveying assembly arranged above the supporting frame through a frame. The pressing roller assembly comprises an extrusion roller, and the chopper assembly comprises a portal frame arranged on the supporting frame and matched with the chain plate type conveying assembly, a chopper arranged on the portal frame in a sliding mode and an air cylinder arranged on the outer side of the top of the portal frame. The compression roller assembly with the telescopic extrusion component is arranged in the middle of the conveying mechanism, coarse and hard portions of pepper straw can be extruded in a targeted mode, pre-crushing and softening are achieved, the follow-up crushing load is reduced, equipment abrasion is reduced, meanwhile, the pepper straw is divided into small sections through the fodder chopper assembly, and cutter shaft winding in the later stage of dispersion is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of straw crushing and granulation, and particularly relates to a chili straw granulator. BACKGROUND

[0002] Resource utilization of biomass straw is an important way to solve agricultural waste pollution and develop clean energy. The straw granulation technology realizes the improvement of transportation, storage and combustion efficiency by compressing loose straw into high-density particles. As a special agricultural waste, chili straw has a large annual output and is tough in fiber, containing a small amount of capsaicin and wax components, so the granulation process has higher specific requirements for equipment. The main stem of chili straw has high lignification degree and high hardness, and has a large number of branches and long fibers. The existing equipment directly sends the original straw into the crushing mechanism, lacking a targeted pre-treatment link. After the coarse and hard main stem and long fibers enter the crushing mechanism, the cutting blade is prone to uneven stress, accelerated wear, and even fiber winding around the shaft, equipment jamming and shutdown. The existing granulation equipment only processes wheat straw and rape straw, which are long and straight, and do not have a large number of branches. At the same time, the lignification degree is low, and no pre-treatment is needed to complete the granulation. However, chili straw has high lignification degree, and there are a large number of branches. Directly sending chili straw into the crushing mechanism is easy to cause winding of the shaft. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to solve at least the above problems and / or deficiencies, and to provide at least the advantages described later.

[0004] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages of the present application, a chili straw granulator is provided, which comprises a base, a transmission mechanism arranged above the base to transport chili straw, a drying assembly arranged in the middle of the transmission mechanism, a crushing mechanism arranged at the rear of the transmission mechanism and processing chili straw, and a forming mechanism arranged at the discharge port of the crushing mechanism. The chili straw granulator further comprises a press roller assembly arranged in the middle of the transmission mechanism to pretreat chili straw, and a cutter assembly arranged at the rear end of the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism comprises a support frame and a chain plate type conveying assembly arranged above the support frame through the frame. The press roller assembly comprises extrusion rollers rotatably arranged on the frame, wherein the extrusion rollers are located above the chain plate type conveying assembly, and each extrusion roller is provided with a plurality of retractable extrusion parts on the surface in the circumferential direction. The cutter assembly comprises a gantry arranged on the support frame and matched with the chain plate type conveying assembly, a cutter slidingly arranged on the gantry, and a gas cylinder arranged on the outer side of the top of the gantry. The cylinder's output shaft is connected to the top of the guillotine, and a conical discharge component that matches the feed inlet of the crushing assembly is provided on one side of the gantry frame. The drying assembly is mounted on a support frame and forms a drying area on the conveying mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the forming mechanism includes: a granulation box disposed on a base and connected to a spiral conveying assembly; a grinding disc disposed inside the granulation box; multiple pressure rollers disposed above the grinding disc and extruding the material inside the granulation box; a main shaft passing through the middle of the granulation box and rotatably connected to the multiple pressure rollers; and a drive motor that is drively connected to the main shaft is disposed on the outer surface of the granulation box. The grinding disc has multiple granulation holes.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of shock-absorbing spring assemblies are provided between the support frame and the frame, which are arranged in pairs on the support frame and connected to the bottom of the frame with a vibration motor; The chain conveyor assembly and the gantry have a predetermined gap, and a collection box is provided on the support frame, which is located in the gap between the chain conveyor assembly and the gantry.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes: a crushing box disposed on a base, a feed hopper that cooperates with a guide groove disposed on the top of the crushing box, and a crushing component disposed inside the crushing box and located at the rear end of the feed hopper; The crushing component is provided below a spiral conveyor component for transporting the crushed material.

[0008] Preferably, the spiral conveying assembly includes: a conveying shaft disposed inside the crushing chamber and located below the crushing assembly, wherein spiral blades are disposed on the conveying shaft for conveying the crushed chili straw; The transmission shaft has a grinding section in the middle, the granulation box is connected to the end of the spiral blade, and the crushing box has a channel inside that is adapted to the diameter of the spiral blade.

[0009] Preferably, the drying assembly includes: a drying box mounted on a chain conveyor belt via a bracket, a heating element disposed at the top of the drying box, a drive fan disposed on the outer side of the top of the drying box, and a fan disposed inside the drying box and drivenly connected to the output shaft of the drive fan, the fan being located above the heating element; The drying box has an opening for the chain conveyor belt to pass through, and a closed curtain is hinged at the opening.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes: a humidity regulating component disposed inside the crushing chamber for processing the crushed chili straw, the humidity regulating component including: multiple nozzles disposed inside the crushing chamber and located behind the crushing component, and a water tank disposed on the top of the crushing chamber, the water tank being connected to each nozzle through a pipeline; Control valves are installed on the connecting pipes between the water tank and the nozzle, and the control valves are connected to an external control terminal.

[0011] Preferably, the granulation box has a discharge port at the bottom and further includes: a scraper that cooperates with the lower surface of the grinding disc, and a granulation motor disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the granulation box. The output shaft of the granulation motor is connected to the scraper and causes the scraper to rotate around the lower surface of the grinding disc. The output shaft of the granulation motor is equipped with a scraper that cooperates with the inner side wall of the bottom of the granulation box.

[0012] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes: a pair of cutting rollers arranged inside the crushing chamber, the cutting rollers being located below the feed hopper and arranged along the height direction of the inclined crushing chamber; Each cutting roller is equipped with multiple cutting blades, and the cutting blades on two cutting rollers are staggered on the corresponding cutting rollers. The interior of the crushing box is arranged in coordination with the cutting rollers, forming an inverted cone structure in space.

[0013] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The retractable extrusion component of the pressure roller assembly can adapt to materials of different thicknesses, avoiding excessive extrusion of the pressure roller by excessively thick materials; 2. The chaff cutter assembly is driven by a cylinder to cut the chili stalks, avoiding problems such as excessively long branches getting tangled in the subsequent cutting shaft; 3. The drying component dries the pre-treated straw during the transmission process. After being squeezed, the straw has a looser structure, a larger heating area, and the moisture is more easily released after the wax layer is destroyed.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a chili straw pelletizer without a feeding assembly; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the support frame and the frame itself. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion roller and extrusion plate assembly. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the granulation box; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge end of the granulation box; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the spatial layout of the assembly components and pressure roller assembly within the frame; Figure 9 To organize the component spatial structure diagram; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the guide comb's spatial structure; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the stop bar, brush bristles, and stop block.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. Conveying mechanism; 21. Support frame; 22. Frame; 23. Chain conveyor assembly; 3. Drying assembly; 4. Crushing assembly; 41. Crushing box; 42. Feed hopper; 43. Cutting roller; 44. Cutting blade; 45. Conveying shaft; 46. Spiral blade; 47. Grinding section; 48. Dispersing rod; 49. Dispersing roller; 5. Forming mechanism; 51. Granulating box; 52. Partition plate; 53. Dispersing plate; 54. Grinding disc; 55. Pressure roller; 56. Main shaft; 57. Drive motor; 58. Scraper; 59. Scraper plate; 6. Pressure roller assembly; 61. Extrusion. 62. Roller, 63. Extrusion plate, 64. Connecting shaft, 65. Buffer spring, 66. Wedge baffle, 7. Guillotine assembly, 71. Gantry frame, 72. Guillotine, 73. Cylinder, 74. Conical discharge component, 8. Water tank, 9. Nozzle, 10. Shock-absorbing spring assembly, 11. Vibration motor, 12. Discharge end, 13. Laser profile sensor, 14. Sorting assembly, 141. Connecting roller, 142. Guide comb, 143. Circular cutter, 15. Collection box, 16. Feeding and lifting component, 17. Drying roller, 18. Electric heating tube, 19. Baffle bar, 20. Brush bristles, 21. Stop block. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description. It should be understood that terms such as "having," "comprising," and "including" as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description; it does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms such as "installed," "provided with," "sleeved / connected," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention discloses a chili straw pelletizer, comprising: a base 1, a conveying mechanism 2 disposed above the base 1 for conveying chili straw, a drying component 3 disposed in the middle of the conveying mechanism 2, a crushing mechanism disposed behind the conveying mechanism 2 for processing chili straw, a forming mechanism 5 disposed at the discharge port of the crushing mechanism, and further comprising: a pressure roller assembly 6 disposed in the middle of the conveying mechanism 2 for pre-processing chili straw, and a guillotine assembly 7 disposed at the rear end of the conveying mechanism 2. The transmission mechanism 2 includes: a support frame 21, and a chain plate type transmission assembly 23 mounted on the support frame 21 via a frame 22; The pressure roller assembly 6 includes: a pressure roller 61 rotatably mounted on the frame 22, the pressure roller 61 being located above the chain plate conveyor assembly 23, and each pressure roller 61 having multiple retractable pressure components arranged on its surface in the circumferential direction; The guillotine assembly 7 includes: a gantry frame 71 mounted on the support frame 21 and cooperating with the chain plate conveyor assembly 23; a guillotine 72 slidably mounted on the gantry frame 71; and a cylinder mounted on the outer side of the top of the gantry frame 71. The cylinder's output shaft is connected to the top of the guillotine 73 via a transmission connection. A conical discharge component that cooperates with the feed inlet of the crushing component 4 is provided on one side of the gantry frame 71. The drying component 3 is mounted on the support frame 21 and forms a drying area on the transmission mechanism 2.

[0019] Working principle: First, the collected chili straw is placed on the chain conveyor assembly 23 of the conveying mechanism 2. The chain conveyor assembly 23 drives the straw forward. When the straw is conveyed to the pressure roller assembly 6, the extrusion roller 61 on the frame 22 begins to rotate. Multiple retractable extrusion components distributed circumferentially on its surface gradually contact the straw as the roller rotates. For thicker main stems and hard branches, the extrusion components contract under pressure, and through elastic force, they perform directional extrusion on the lignified parts, achieving pre-crushing and destroying the waxy epidermis. After pre-crushing, the chain conveyor assembly 23 continues to drive the chili straw backward. The pre-treated straw enters the drying area formed by the drying assembly 3 along the chain conveyor belt for drying. Component 3 generates hot air to dry the chili stalks. Because the stalks are compressed, the surface area exposed to heat increases significantly, and the waxy layer is broken down, allowing moisture to dissipate more easily. Heat can quickly penetrate the stalks, effectively drying them. The dried stalks are then conveyed to the guillotine assembly 7 at the rear of the conveyor mechanism 2. The stalks enter the opening of the gantry frame 71, where a cylinder at the top of the gantry frame 71 drives the guillotine 72 to slide vertically at high frequency, using the shearing force of the blades to cut the stalks into uniform segments (the cutting length can be adjusted by the stroke of the cylinder 73 and the transmission speed of the chain conveyor assembly 23), preventing the stalks from tangling around the blades during crushing due to excessive length. The cut stalks fall under gravity into the conical discharge part 74 on one side of the gantry frame 71. The conical structure guides the material into the feed inlet of the crushing mechanism. After entering the crushing mechanism, the segmented straw is further crushed into fine particles. The crushed material enters the forming mechanism 5 through the discharge port, and finally forms chili straw particles with uniform density and qualified strength under the extrusion action of the forming mechanism 5. The extrusion component includes: an extrusion plate 62 slidably disposed on the surface of the extrusion roller 61 through multiple connecting shafts 63. Each connecting shaft 63 is fitted with a buffer spring 64. The inner sidewall of the extrusion plate 62 is provided with wedge-shaped baffles 65 extending towards the surface of the extrusion roller 61. The surface of the extrusion roller 61 is provided with wedge-shaped grooves that cooperate with each wedge-shaped baffle 65. Through the cooperation of the wedge-shaped baffles 65 and the wedge-shaped grooves (not shown in the figure), when some branches extend into the extrusion plate 62, the extrusion plate 62 is squeezed, which drives the wedge-shaped baffles 65 to cut the extended branches, avoiding problems such as the branches entangled in the extrusion plate 62.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the forming mechanism 5 includes: a granulation box 51 disposed on the base 1 and connected to the spiral conveying assembly; a grinding disc 54 disposed inside the granulation box 51; multiple pressure rollers 55 disposed above the grinding disc 54 and extruding the material inside the granulation box 51; a main shaft 56 passing through the middle of the granulation box 51 and rotatably connected to the multiple pressure rollers 55; and a drive motor 57 that is drively connected to the main shaft 56 is disposed on the outer surface of the granulation box 51. The grinding disc 54 has multiple granulation holes. This technical solution allows the grinding disc 54 and the multi-pressure roller 55 to work together to provide uniform and continuous extrusion pressure. The drive motor 5757 drives the multiple pressure rollers 55 to rotate synchronously via the main shaft 56. An annular extrusion zone is formed between the pressure rollers 55 and the grinding disc 54. The pulverized chili straw material enters this zone and is forced into the granulation holes of the grinding disc 54 by the pressure rollers 55 using radial pressure. The extruded material exits from below the grinding disc 54. The system also includes: a partition 52 disposed inside the granulation box 51 and above the grinding disc 54; a pressure roller 55 located between the partition 52 and the grinding disc 54; a dispersing plate 53 disposed above the partition 52 and rotatably connected to the main shaft 56; the area inside the granulation box 51 located above the partition 52 being connected to the outlet of the spiral conveyor assembly; and an opening on the partition 52 for the chili straw to enter the pressing and granulation space of the grinding disc 54.

[0021] In the above technical solution, a plurality of shock-absorbing spring assemblies 10 are provided between the support frame 21 and the frame 22, and are arranged in pairs on the support frame 21 and connected to the bottom of the frame 22 by a vibration motor 11. The chain conveyor assembly 23 and the gantry frame 71 have a predetermined gap, and a collection box is provided on the support frame 21. The collection box is located in the gap between the chain conveyor assembly 23 and the gantry frame 71. Using this technical solution, during drying, the chain conveyor assembly 23 stops conveying, and the vibrating motor 11 is turned on. The paired vibrating motors 11 generate high-frequency vibration. The shock-absorbing spring assembly 10 is configured as a spiral spring and a telescopic guide rod. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod to reduce the impact of the vibrating motor 11 and also to clean up impurities. High-density impurities such as mixed soil and small stones are separated from the straw under the action of vibration inertia and fall onto the surface of the chain conveyor assembly 23. The vibration time is adjusted according to the cleanliness of the straw. After vibrating for a period of time, the vibrating motor 11 is turned off, and the chain conveyor assembly 23 continues to convey the material. The fallen soil, small stones and other impurities fall into the collection box through the gap between the chain conveyor assembly 23 and the gantry frame 71. The collection box can be periodically removed and emptied to reduce maintenance workload.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the crushing mechanism includes: a crushing box 41 disposed on the base 1, a feeding hopper 42 that cooperates with the guide groove is disposed on the top of the crushing box 41, and a crushing component disposed inside the crushing box 41 and located at the rear end of the feeding hopper 42. The crushing assembly includes a spiral conveyor assembly for transporting the crushed material below it. Using this technical solution, the feed hopper 42 on the crushing box 41 cooperates with the conical discharge component 74 to ensure accurate material entry into the crushing box 41. The material entering the crushing box 41 is crushed by the crushing assembly, further pulverizing it. The pulverized chili stalks then enter the spiral conveyor assembly and are transported to the subsequent forming mechanism 5. It also includes: a dispersing roller 49 set inside the crushing box 41 and cooperating with the inlet of the spiral conveying assembly. The dispersing roller 49 is provided with multiple dispersing rods 48. The vertical height of two dispersing rods 48 is slightly larger than the size of the inlet of the spiral conveying assembly. The dispersing rods 48 disperse the crushed material and at the same time repeatedly hit the cutting blades 44 of the cutting wheel with the incompletely crushed material to repeatedly crush the material. At the same time, the dispersing rods 48 mix the water mist sprayed from the nozzle 9 evenly with the chili straw material.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the spiral conveying assembly includes: a conveying shaft 45 disposed inside the crushing box 41 and located below the crushing assembly, and spiral blades 46 disposed on the conveying shaft 45 for conveying the crushed chili straw. The transmission shaft 45 has a grinding section 47 in the middle, the granulation box 51 is connected to the end of the spiral blade 46, and the bottom of the crushing box 41 has a channel adapted to the diameter of the spiral blade 46. Using this technical solution, the transmission shaft 45 is rotated by an external motor, and the spiral blade 46 can forcefully push the crushed chili straw axially. Simultaneously, the grinding section 47 in the middle of the transmission shaft 45 further grinds the crushed chili straw material to ensure it reaches the required particle size for granulation. The continuous spiral structure of the blades can scrape away material adhering to the box wall, preventing residue accumulation. The end of the transmission shaft 45 is directly connected to the granulation box 51, and the material is directionally fed into the extrusion area between the pressure roller 55 and the grinding disc 54 through a fixed channel.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the drying component 3 includes: a drying box mounted on a chain conveyor belt via a bracket, a heating component installed at the top inside the drying box, a drive fan installed on the outside of the top of the drying box, and a fan (not shown in the figure) installed inside the drying box and connected to the output shaft of the drive fan. The fan is located above the heating component (not shown in the figure). The drying chamber features an opening for the conveyor belt to pass through, with a hinged sealing curtain at the opening. This design achieves several advantages: First, the coordinated design of the heating element and fan creates forced convection heating, improving drying efficiency and uniformity. The heating element at the top of the drying chamber (which can be configured as an electric heating element or an infrared heating plate) generates stable heat, driving the fan to rotate at high speed, pushing the heat downwards and creating a circulating airflow within the chamber. Second, the integrated design of the sealing curtain and the drying chamber reduces heat loss and lowers energy consumption. The hinged sealing curtain (made of high-temperature resistant silicone) at the opening of the drying chamber hangs naturally as the conveyor belt passes through, forming a flexible seal with the belt surface. This does not affect material transport and significantly reduces heat loss from the opening, improving drying efficiency.

[0025] The above technical solution also includes: a humidity regulating component installed inside the crushing box 41 for processing the crushed chili straw. The humidity regulating component includes: multiple nozzles 9 installed inside the crushing box 41 and located behind the crushing component, and a water tank 8 installed on the top of the crushing box 41. The water tank 8 is connected to each nozzle 9 through a pipeline. In this design, control valves (not shown in the figure) are installed on the connecting pipes between the water tank 8 and the nozzle 9. These control valves are communicatively connected to an external control terminal. Using this technical solution, firstly, if the material is dried for a long time in the initial drying stage, or if the material itself is too dry, making it difficult to form later, the external control terminal actively controls the opening and closing of the control valves to ensure that the material meets the required moisture content, thus guaranteeing successful forming later.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the bottom of the granulation box 51 is provided with a discharge port, and it also includes: a scraper 58 that cooperates with the lower surface of the grinding disc 54, and a granulation motor that is set on the outer side of the bottom of the granulation box 51. The output shaft of the granulation motor is connected to the scraper 58 and causes the scraper 58 to rotate around the lower surface of the grinding disc 54. The output shaft of the granulating motor is equipped with a scraper 59 that mates with the inner wall of the bottom of the granulation box 51. This design ensures rapid granulation and improved output efficiency through the fit between the scraper 58 and the lower surface of the grinding disc 54. When the chili straw material is squeezed out of the granulation holes of the grinding disc 54 by the pressure roller 55, it forms columnar particles that partially adhere to the lower surface of the grinding disc 54. As the scraper 58 rotates with the output shaft of the granulating motor, the blade maintains a 0.1-0.3mm gap with the lower surface of the grinding disc 54. The rotation speed of the scraper 58 can be adjusted according to the required granulation length. The fit between the scraper 59 and the inner wall of the bottom of the granulation box 51 ensures thorough cleaning without dead corners, preventing material residue. The output shaft of the granulation motor drives the scraper 59 to rotate synchronously. The edge of the scraper 59 is in close contact with the bottom and inner wall of the granulation box 51 (gap ≤ 0.5mm), which can push the granules falling from the grinding disc 54 to the discharge end 12 and prevent the material from accumulating in the corner of the bottom of the box. The system also includes: a partition 52 disposed inside the granulation box 51, the partition 52 passing through the main shaft 56 and located above the grinding disc 54, and a plurality of dispersing plates 53 disposed above the partition 52 and cooperating with the upper surface of the partition 52, each dispersing plate 53 being connected to the main shaft 56 in a transmission manner, the partition 52 having a notch for material to enter the lower space, the upper space of the partition 52 being connected to the end of the spiral blade 46, the material transmitted from the spiral blade is dispersed by the cooperation of the dispersing plates 53 and sent into the lower granulation space hole, the dispersed material is more evenly distributed in the granulation space, which is convenient for extrusion molding, makes the material more evenly distributed in the granulation space, and the force on each pressure roller 55 is more even, reducing the probability of damage, extending the service life and maintenance cycle of the machine; The system also includes a feeding assembly located behind the granulation box. The feeding assembly includes a collection box and a feeding lifting component 16 connected to the collection box 15. The outlet of the feeding lifting component 16 is located above the inlet. In this technology, when dealing with different moisture contents of each batch of straw material, a large amount of material that is difficult to form exists in the early preparation process. In existing equipment, the material that cannot be formed in the early stage is usually manually fed back into the feeding hopper. This means that during use, people need to lift the material from a low place to a high place many times, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. However, in this invention, the collection box 15 and the feeding lifting component 16 can easily put the material that was not formed in the early stage into the crushing box for secondary processing, avoiding waste of raw materials and reducing the labor of personnel.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the crushing component includes: a pair of cutting rollers 43 arranged inside the crushing box 41, the cutting rollers 43 being located below the feed hopper 42 and arranged along the height direction of the inclination of the crushing box 41; Each cutting roller 43 is provided with multiple cutting blades 44, and the cutting blades 44 on two cutting rollers 43 are arranged alternately on the corresponding cutting rollers 43. The interior of the crushing box 41 is arranged in coordination with the cutting rollers 43, forming an inverted conical structure in space. In this technical solution, the cutting rollers 43 are arranged in layers along the inclined height direction of the crushing box 41. The upper low-speed cutting rollers 43 first coarsely cut the straw falling from the feed hopper 42 into segments, and then guide it to the lower high-speed cutting rollers 43 by gravity. The interlaced cutters on the two sets of cutting rollers 43 form a combined shearing force, which prevents the straw from getting tangled between the cutters. At the same time, the inclined layout promotes the natural sliding of the crushed material, reducing accumulation and blockage. This layered crushing mode gradually refines the straw from whole material into uniform fragments with a length difference of ≤5mm. This reduces the instantaneous load on a single set of cutters and, compared with horizontally placed crushing cutters, reduces the probability of blockage and significantly enhances continuous operation capability. Meanwhile, the internal arrangement of the crushing box 41 and the cutting rollers 43 are coordinated to form an inverted cone structure in space, which allows the material to be smoothly collected and enter the inlet of the spiral conveyor component.

[0028] It also includes a sorting assembly 14 disposed between the pressure roller assembly 6 and the drying assembly 3. The sorting assembly 14 includes a connecting roller 141 disposed between the extrusion roller and the drying chamber and rotatably connected to the two side walls of the frame. The surface of the connecting roller 141 is provided with multiple rows of guide teeth 142 in the circumferential direction. An output motor is provided on one side of the frame and is drivenly connected to the connecting roller 141. In actual operation, when the material after being squeezed by the pressure roller assembly is conveyed between the extrusion roller and the drying chamber, the output motor starts and drives the connecting roller 141 to rotate through the transmission chain. The multiple rows of guide teeth 142 disposed in the circumferential direction on the surface of the connecting roller 141 rotate synchronously with the connecting roller 141. When the material passes under or to the side of the connecting roller 141, the rotating guide teeth 142 will insert into the material, playing a role in combing, dispersing and guiding the material. It also includes: a stop bar 19 disposed between the frames, the stop bar 19 cooperating with the guide comb teeth, the stop bar 19 being spatially located behind the connecting roller 141, performing a knocking operation on the straw inserted into the guide comb teeth to prevent the guide comb teeth from driving the straw to rotate synchronously after being inserted into the straw. A brush bristle cooperating with the guide comb teeth is disposed on the upper side of one side of the stop bar, and multiple stops 21 are disposed below the brush bristle. The gap between each stop 21 is adapted to the size of the guide comb teeth. When some guide comb teeth are inserted into the straw, and the straw is driven to rotate, the guide comb teeth preferentially pass between the stops. At this time, because the stops are fixedly disposed, they will obstruct and scrape the straw. This process removes the straw that was originally stuck on the guide comb teeth from the comb teeth. Then the guide comb teeth continue to move and come into contact with the bristles. The bristles further clean up any residue that may be on the guide comb teeth. In the actual operation process, the chili straws are not in a basic order and are conveyed in a disorderly manner. This will cause the straws to overlap, affecting the subsequent drying and chopping process. By using the multi-step guide comb teeth 142 to comb the disordered straws, the straws are aligned in space, improving the drying efficiency. At the same time, it can also ensure that the length of the chili straws after being cut by the chopper is consistent, which is convenient for subsequent crushing. The guide comb teeth 142 are configured with a three-stage stepped tapering structure. The root diameter of the guide comb teeth 142 is 3-4 mm, the middle (1 / 3 of the distance from the end) is reduced to 2-3 mm, and the end is reduced to 1-2 mm. This configuration allows the teeth to penetrate into the straw between different gaps, making it easier to comb the straw. It also includes: an annular cutter 143 disposed on the surface of the connecting roller 141 and located between each guide comb tooth 142. Through the cooperation between the annular cutter 143 and the guide comb tooth 142, when the branches of the chili stalks become entangled during the combing process of the guide comb tooth 142, the branches are cut off by the action of the annular cutter 143 to ensure the alignment effect of the guide comb tooth 142. It also includes: a pair of drying rollers 17 arranged at the feed hopper. The pair of drying rollers 17 arranged at the feed hopper can slow down the falling speed of the material. At the same time, the chopped material is dried again at the drying rollers, which makes it easier for the material to be further crushed in the crushing box and improves the crushing rate of the material. It also includes: an electric heating tube 18 inserted in the middle of the transmission shaft, which heats the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft and the spiral blades further heat the crushed material, further evaporate the moisture inside the material, and control the moisture content inside the crushed material. A method for granulating chili straw, step one: pre-pressing the collected chili straw to reduce its transport volume and pre-crushing the straw; Step 2: Place the preliminarily dried chili stalks onto the conveyor mechanism 2. The drying component 3 further dries the moisture in the chili stalks, controlling their moisture content to 6%-10%. Step 3: After the chili stalks enter the crushing box 41, the crushing components crush them and then convey them into the crushing box 41 through the spiral conveyor components. Step 4: The molding additive inside the storage tank is mixed evenly with the chili straw through the nozzle, and the chili straw is granulated by the pressure roller 55 and the grinding disc 54.

[0029] Working principle: In step one, the initial pressing not only reduces the transport volume, but also uses mechanical force to initially damage the waxy layer and fiber structure of the chili stalks; In step two, the chili stalks are further crushed by the pressure roller assembly 6 and moved into the interior of the drying assembly 3 with the cooperation of the conveying mechanism 2. The temperature of the drying assembly is adjusted to between 60-80℃ to pre-dry the material. The conveying mechanism sends the pre-dried material to the guillotine assembly for cutting and sends the guillotine material into the feed hopper through the conical discharge part. In step three, the chopped chili stalks are further dried by the drying rollers at the feed hopper. After the dried chili stalks enter the crushing box 41, the crushing components crush them and then convey them to the forming mechanism through the screw conveyor components. During the conveying process, the electric heating tube inside the screw shaft is turned on, and the screw shaft heats up and further heats and dries the crushed material. The temperature of the drying roller is adjusted to 75-90℃ to further dry the material after it has been cut by the guillotine, which facilitates crushing during the crushing process. The temperature of the electric heating tube is adjusted to 85-100℃.

[0030] In step three, after the crushing component crushes the chili stalks, water mist is sprayed onto the crushed chili stalks through nozzle 9, and with the cooperation of the dispersing rod 48, the chili stalks are mixed evenly. The dryness and wetness of the material coming out of the discharge port of the forming mechanism 5 are judged by the shape of the material. If the moisture content of this batch of material is too high and it cannot be granulated, the material is collected from the discharge end and re-entered into the crushing box through the feeding component. At this time, the nozzle is closed, and the transmission speed of the transmission mechanism and the rotation speed of the screw transmission component are reduced through the external control terminal to slow down the transmission speed of the subsequent batch of material, prolong the drying process of straw, and the material is reheated and dried through the electric heating tube inside the screw shaft. The transmission speed and heating temperature are continuously adjusted until the granulation of this batch of material meets the requirements. If the moisture content of this batch of material is too low and it cannot be formed, the material is collected from the discharge end and re-entered into the crushing box through the feeding component. At this time, the nozzle is turned on (the amount of water sprayed each time is between 3% and 5% of the material weight), and the temperature of the heating roller and the electric heating tube inside the screw shaft at the granulation box is reduced. At the same time, the transmission speed of the transmission component mechanism is increased. Then, water is sprayed on the re-entering material and it is mixed with the help of the dispersing rod. Meanwhile, the grinding part on the screw shaft crushes the material with insufficient or excessive moisture content and that has already been formed a second time, so as to facilitate the full integration of material and water and facilitate the subsequent re-granulation process.

[0031] The system simultaneously employs three sets of dispersing rods 48 (rotation speed 600 r / min) for three-dimensional mixing. A laser contour sensor 13 is installed at the discharge port of the forming mechanism 5 to capture the material's forming shape in real time, triggering an alarm when the non-deformation rate exceeds 8%. The control system uses a PID algorithm to achieve closed-loop control by adjusting the opening and closing time of the nozzles 9 and the opening and closing of the electric heating tube inside the spiral shaft. Through changes in the forming rate, the system automatically corrects the water spray volume and the secondary drying temperature of the material, ensuring that the forming rate in the granulation process remains stable at over 90%. Meanwhile, when the laser contour sensor determines that the current material irregularity rate is greater than 8% (i.e., not formed), the control system controls the transmission mechanism to stop transmission, and the guillotine also stops working. The worker collects the material from the current batch and puts it into the collection box. The material is then conveyed to the crushing box through the feeding and lifting components. The material undergoes secondary processing through the nozzle and the electric heating tube inside the transmission shaft to adjust its internal moisture content again until the material from the discharge end meets the requirements. Then, the control system controls the transmission mechanism and the guillotine to start and carry out the subsequent granulation process.

[0032] This invention employs a triple drying method, which involves initial drying via a drying assembly (drying assembly, 60-80℃): firstly removing free water from the surface of the straw at a lower temperature, and simultaneously using the mechanical force of the pressure roller assembly to break down the structure and make the moisture more easily diffused. Secondary drying (drying roller, 75-90℃): After the straw is chopped, the internal bound water is evaporated in a targeted manner. At this time, the temperature is higher than the initial drying temperature, which further reduces the moisture content of the straw, making it easier for the subsequent crushing process. Because the feed hopper is open, in actual operation, a sealing cover can be added to the feed hopper and the conical feed piece to reduce heat loss and also speed up the drying process of the chili straw. Final drying (electric heating element, 70-80℃): Combined with the dynamic stirring of the spiral conveyor, the moisture content of the pulverized material is precisely locked at 10%-13%, which avoids sticking to the mold during granulation due to excessive moisture and prevents the particles from becoming loose and easily broken due to insufficient moisture, thus improving the granulation molding rate.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A chili straw pelletizing machine, comprising: The base, the conveying mechanism for conveying chili straws set above the base, the drying component set in the middle of the conveying mechanism, the crushing mechanism set behind the conveying mechanism for processing the chili straws, and the forming mechanism set at the discharge port of the crushing mechanism, characterized in that it further includes: a pressure roller assembly set in the middle of the conveying mechanism for pre-processing the chili straws, and a guillotine assembly set at the rear end of the conveying mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes: a support frame, and a chain plate type transmission assembly mounted on the support frame via a frame; The pressure roller assembly includes: a pressure roller rotatably mounted on a frame, the pressure roller being located above the chain conveyor assembly, and each pressure roller having multiple retractable pressure components arranged on its surface in the circumferential direction; The guillotine assembly includes: a gantry frame mounted on a support frame and cooperating with a chain conveyor assembly; a guillotine slidably mounted on the gantry frame; and a cylinder mounted on the outer side of the top of the gantry frame. The cylinder's output shaft is connected to the top of the guillotine, and a conical discharge component that matches the feed inlet of the crushing assembly is provided on one side of the gantry frame. The drying assembly is mounted on a support frame and forms a drying area on the conveying mechanism.

2. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The forming mechanism includes: a granulation box disposed on a base and connected to a spiral conveying assembly; a grinding disc disposed inside the granulation box; multiple pressure rollers disposed above the grinding disc and extruding the material inside the granulation box; a main shaft passing through the middle of the granulation box and rotatably connected to the multiple pressure rollers; and a drive motor that is connected to the main shaft for transmission is disposed on the outer surface of the granulation box. The grinding disc has multiple granulation holes.

3. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple shock-absorbing spring assemblies are provided between the support frame and the frame, and are arranged in pairs on the support frame and connected to the bottom of the frame by a vibration motor. The chain conveyor assembly and the gantry have a predetermined gap, and a collection box is provided on the support frame, which is located in the gap between the chain conveyor assembly and the gantry.

4. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes: a crushing box mounted on a base, a feed hopper that cooperates with a guide groove on the top of the crushing box, and a crushing component located inside the crushing box and at the rear end of the feed hopper; The crushing component is provided below a spiral conveyor component for transporting the crushed material.

5. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral conveying assembly includes: a conveying shaft disposed inside the crushing box and located below the crushing assembly, wherein spiral blades are disposed on the conveying shaft for conveying the crushed chili straw; The transmission shaft has a grinding section in the middle, the granulation box is connected to the end of the spiral blade, and the crushing box has a channel inside that is adapted to the diameter of the spiral blade.

6. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drying assembly includes: a drying box mounted on a support above a chain conveyor assembly, a heating element located at the top of the drying box, a drive fan located on the outside of the top of the drying box, and a fan located inside the drying box and connected to the output shaft of the drive fan, the fan being located above the heating element. The drying box has an opening for the chain conveyor belt to pass through, and a closed curtain is hinged at the opening.

7. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A humidity control component is installed inside the crushing chamber for processing the crushed chili straw. The humidity control component includes: multiple nozzles installed inside the crushing chamber and located behind the crushing component; and a water tank installed at the top of the crushing chamber. The water tank is connected to each nozzle through a pipeline. Control valves are installed on the connecting pipes between the water tank and the nozzle, and the control valves are connected to an external control terminal.

8. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The granulation box has a discharge port at the bottom and also includes: a scraper that cooperates with the lower surface of the grinding disc, and a granulation motor located on the outside of the bottom of the granulation box. The output shaft of the granulation motor is connected to the scraper and causes the scraper to rotate around the lower surface of the grinding disc. The output shaft of the granulation motor is equipped with a scraper that cooperates with the inner side wall of the bottom of the granulation box.

9. The chili straw pelletizer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The crushing assembly includes: a pair of cutting rollers arranged inside the crushing chamber, the cutting rollers being located below the feed hopper and arranged along the height direction of the inclined crushing chamber; Each cutting roller is equipped with multiple cutting blades, and the cutting blades on two cutting rollers are staggered on the corresponding cutting rollers. The interior of the crushing box is arranged in coordination with the cutting rollers, forming an inverted cone structure in space.

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