Heat stroke early warning device and method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter perception

Abstract

The invention provides a heat stroke early warning device and method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter perception, and relates to the technical field of military operation medical protection. A zero-heat-flux core body temperature monitoring technology, a high-precision heart rate sensor and a three-axis acceleration sensor are integrated, key indexes such as core body temperature, heart rate and gait stability of heat stroke forebodes are monitored in real time, the neural function state is accurately judged in combination with an intelligent algorithm, and a multi-stage early warning system is constructed; early warning of labor heat stroke can be effectively achieved, and reliable protection is provided for people who work and exercise in the high-temperature environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of military operation medical protection technology, and particularly relates to a heat stroke early warning device and method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heat stroke is mainly divided into two types of labor heat stroke and typical heat stroke; summer military operations and training of troops are mostly labor heat stroke, which is prone to central nervous system and multiple organ dysfunction, develops rapidly, and the mortality rate can be as high as 40%-50%, which is an important cause of death of summer high-temperature military operations or training of troops; labor heat stroke is a fatal acute illness caused by high-intensity physical activity leading to imbalance between body heat production and heat dissipation, resulting in rapid rise of core body temperature and metabolic dysfunction. The early signs of labor heat stroke are central nervous system and cardiac dysfunction: first, nonspecific symptoms such as headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, accompanied by a gradual rise in core body temperature, often exceeding 40℃; at the same time, abnormal rapid heart rate can reach 160-180 times / min, reflecting the heart increasing the blood pump load for heat dissipation compensation; when gait instability and limb coordination decline occur, it indicates that the motor center function has been affected, which may be accompanied by delirium, lethargy and other consciousness disorders. Therefore, if the operating personnel in a high-temperature environment monitor the continuous rise of core body temperature, abnormal rapid heart rate, or the appearance of gait imbalance and other ataxia, it can be used as a precursor warning of labor heat stroke.

[0003] Core body temperature is a key physiological indicator reflecting the status of internal organs in the human body, and the temperature measurement at four places of tympanic membrane, nasopharynx, esophagus and pulmonary artery is generally considered as the gold standard for core temperature in the medical field. However, traditional invasive measurement methods such as nasopharyngeal temperature measurement and esophageal temperature measurement are difficult to popularize and apply in outdoor scenes such as outdoor sports and high-temperature operations due to their complex operation and invasiveness; although tympanic membrane temperature measurement is relatively convenient, the measurement probe needs to be inserted into the ear canal, which is affected by the physiological curvature of the ear canal, on the one hand, it is difficult to ensure the continuous and stable contact between the probe and the tympanic membrane, on the other hand, it is easy to shift or fall off during long-term wearing, so it is only suitable for single detection and difficult to realize continuous dynamic monitoring of core body temperature; at the same time, the measurement result is also easily disturbed by environmental airflow, sweat evaporation and other factors.

[0004] In recent years, breakthroughs in zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring technology have provided a new solution for core body temperature measurement during outdoor work. Based on a high-precision heat flux sensor, this technology intelligently regulates the heat exchange process between the measurement area and the environment, actively eliminating interference from external factors such as ambient temperature, wind speed, and humidity, thus achieving non-invasive and accurate capture of core body temperature. The measurement error of zero-heat-flux technology can be controlled within ±0.1℃, not only reflecting real-time changes in body temperature but also continuously monitoring and issuing early warnings of abnormal temperature rises. This provides a reliable early screening method for labor-related heatstroke in high-risk groups, significantly improving the feasibility and safety of core body temperature monitoring in high-temperature environments.

[0005] In the pathological progression of heatstroke, central nervous system dysfunction is a critical and extremely dangerous clinical manifestation. When heatstroke affects the central nervous system, abnormal motor function is often the typical external manifestation. Real-time monitoring of the patient's motor state using a triaxial accelerometer can accurately reflect this pathological change. The triaxial accelerometer can capture multidimensional parameters such as acceleration and angular velocity during patient movement. When patients exhibit symptoms such as gait instability and ataxia, their walking trajectory and limb swing amplitude will show significant abnormal fluctuations. Analysis of this data can not only visually demonstrate the impact of central nervous system damage on motor function but also effectively predict central nervous system dysfunction caused by heatstroke in its early stages, providing a quantitative basis for early warning of heatstroke.

[0006] In the early stages of heatstroke, a persistent and significant increase in heart rate is one of the warning signs. When an abnormally rapid heart rate occurs, combined with monitored motor imbalance and gait instability, as well as a sharp rise in core body temperature, a three-dimensional data system is formed, which can serve as a key auxiliary indicator for heatstroke risk assessment. By comprehensively analyzing the dynamic changes of these physiological parameters, early warning of heatstroke can be achieved, providing an important basis for timely intervention and preventing the condition from worsening.

[0007] Existing technologies have three main limitations: First, the accuracy of heatstroke early warning is poor. On the one hand, most existing devices rely on core body temperature estimation to predict heatstroke. Core body temperature monitoring methods mostly depend on surface temperature estimation, which deviates significantly from actual core body temperature and cannot accurately reflect it. On the other hand, multidimensional indicator monitoring prediction methods remain at the level of simple physiological and environmental data aggregation, lacking systematic integration. These data are not deeply correlated through scientific modeling, failing to form a comprehensive quantitative index model reflecting the risk of heatstroke, thus significantly reducing the accuracy and reliability of the prediction results. Second, the monitoring indicators lack specificity. Existing devices have biased multidimensional prediction indicator settings, relying heavily on indicators such as surface temperature, heart rate, and ambient temperature and humidity, lacking a systematic capture of key physiological indicators in the pathogenesis of heatstroke, resulting in monitoring data that cannot effectively reflect the potential risk of heatstroke. Third, existing wearable heatstroke early warning devices are cumbersome to wear and have poor stability during movement, limiting monitoring accuracy. Existing devices mostly employ a multi-component, separate design, requiring separate wearing on different parts such as the arms, chest, waist, and head. This not only makes the donning process cumbersome and inconvenient, but also makes them prone to loosening and shifting under high-intensity activity scenarios such as manual labor or military training. This unstable wearing condition also leads to reduced sensor-skin contact and data acquisition deviations, making it difficult to meet the requirements for high-precision and continuous monitoring in dynamic environments. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a heatstroke early warning device and method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing, aiming to solve the problems of poor early warning accuracy, insufficient targeting of monitoring indicators, and cumbersome wearing and poor stability during exercise in existing heatstroke early warning devices.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing. The heatstroke early warning device is a necklace-style main body, with a heart-shaped monitoring module at the front end and a snap-on adjustment buckle at the rear end.

[0010] The heart-shaped monitoring module is equipped with a zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring unit, a heart rate monitoring unit, a triaxial accelerometer, and a control unit, and the zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring unit, heart rate monitoring unit, triaxial accelerometer, and control unit are electrically connected;

[0011] The heart-shaped monitoring module is equipped with an early warning component, which is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring unit adopts a multi-layer composite structure, consisting of a medical-grade hydrogel skin contact layer, a temperature gradient detection layer of a thin-film thermopile array, a PID temperature control layer of a ceramic heating element, and a heat insulation layer of aerogel composite foam, starting from the skin contact end; the heart rate monitoring unit is a photoelectric heart rate sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the warning component includes an audible and visual warning module and a vibration alert unit. The audible and visual warning module includes an LED indicator and a buzzer, and the LED indicator and buzzer are located on the front surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module. The vibration alert unit is located on the rear surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module and is fitted to the skin.

[0014] Furthermore, the necklace-style main body is made of medical-grade silicone material; the necklace-style main body consists of a heart-shaped monitoring module and a snap-on adjustment buckle connected by a connecting strap, which contains a wire. Next to the snap-on adjustment buckle is a battery unit, which connects the battery unit and the heart-shaped monitoring module. The battery unit is equipped with a magnetic charging interface.

[0015] Furthermore, the early warning device also includes:

[0016] The battery unit is located on the necklace-style main body and is connected to the heart-shaped monitoring module. The battery unit also has a magnetic charging interface.

[0017] The communication module, located inside the heart-shaped monitoring module, includes a Bluetooth unit and a network unit;

[0018] The positioning unit, located inside the heart-shaped monitoring module, contains a Beidou positioning chip and is connected to the communication module.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for early warning of heatstroke based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step S1: Acquire the wearer's core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in real time;

[0021] Step S2: Calculate the dynamic risk index R(t) based on core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data;

[0022] Step S3: Based on the value of the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components, determine whether the predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached;

[0023] Step S4: If the predetermined warning level is reached, generate and execute the warning signal corresponding to that warning level.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific methods for obtaining the wearer's core body temperature, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in step S1 include:

[0025] The wearer's core body temperature data is obtained through a zero-heat-flux sensor;

[0026] The wearer's heart rate data is acquired through a heart rate sensor;

[0027] The wearer's triaxial acceleration data is obtained through a triaxial accelerometer.

[0028] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the dynamic risk index R(t) based on core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in step S2 includes:

[0029] A graded early warning system for heatstroke is implemented using a dynamic risk index R(t). The mathematical model for the early warning system is as follows:

[0030] R(t)=ω T ·f T (t)+ω s ·f s (t)+ω H ·f H (t)+η·R(t-1)

[0031] Where R(t) is the heatstroke risk index, f T (t) is the heat load intensity factor, f s (t) represents the neurological dysfunction factor, f H (t) represents the cardiovascular decompensation factor, ω represents the environmental adaptive weighting coefficient, and η represents the historical state memory coefficient, with dynamic weighting configuration: ω T =0.5, ω s =0.3,ω H =0.2, η=0.6, R(t-1) is the heatstroke risk index at the previous time point;

[0032] Among them, the heat load intensity factor f T The calculation method for (t) is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, T C Core body temperature The heating rate;

[0035] Neurological dysfunction factor f s The formula for calculating (t) is:

[0036]

[0037] RMS is the triaxial acceleration, which is activated when θ > 15°. Angular velocity;

[0038] Cardiovascular decompensation factor f H The formula for calculating (t) is:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, H tH is the current heart rate, Hmax is the maximum heart rate, and SDNN is the standard deviation of heart rate variability.

[0041] Furthermore, the specific method for determining whether the predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached based on the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components in step S3 includes:

[0042] The warning levels are divided into Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3, and the triggering conditions are as follows:

[0043] When R(t) > 0.6 and R(t) continues to rise, it is interpreted as a level one warning, triggering a low-frequency audible and visual warning signal and a low-frequency vibration reminder signal;

[0044] When R(t) > 0.8 or f T When (t)≥1, it is interpreted as a level 2 warning, triggering a medium-frequency audible and visual warning signal and a continuous vibration reminder signal;

[0045] When R(t) > 0.9 and f s When (t)>1.5 and lasts for 10 seconds, it is interpreted as a level 3 warning, triggering a high-frequency sound and light warning signal and a strong vibration reminder signal, and automatically sending location information and dialing the emergency number.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0047] 1. This invention employs a necklace-style wearing structure, placing the sensor at the crucial measurement point of the suprasternal notch. This is the optimal point for measuring core body temperature, gait, and heart rate, and it solves the problems of inconvenience in wearing separate devices and inaccurate data during outdoor exercise monitoring, providing a more efficient, convenient, and accurate solution for heatstroke monitoring. Simultaneously, it uses zero-heat-flux technology to monitor core body temperature. Through a non-invasive design, it eliminates the need for invasive routes such as the mouth, rectum, or esophagus; the sensor is simply placed against the skin, effectively avoiding the inaccuracies and limitations of outdoor applications in existing medical technologies. Regarding wearing stability, traditional separate devices are prone to displacement; this invention solves this problem with its sternal-anchored necklace-style integrated design.

[0048] 2. Based on collected data and multi-dimensional pathological and physiological indicators of heatstroke, such as core body temperature change trends, gait instability characteristics, and abnormal heart rate fluctuations, combined with clinical medical research findings, this invention constructs a heatstroke risk index model. Through the model, a three-level early warning logic algorithm with multi-parameter dynamic correlation is built, significantly improving the accuracy and specificity of early warnings. The breakthrough advantages of the heatstroke risk model are reflected in its two core aspects: pathology-driven design and dynamic risk tracking. In terms of pathology-driven design, key pathological indicators are accurately anchored by using fT to correspond to thermoregulatory collapse, fs to quantify central nervous system damage, and fH to capture cardiovascular decompensation. Regarding dynamic risk tracking, the false alarm rate is reduced by utilizing historical state memory ηR(t-1), while the environmental adaptive weight ωT significantly improves monitoring sensitivity in high-temperature scenarios, achieving multi-dimensional and intelligent risk management.

[0049] Based on the implementation methods provided in the above aspects, this application can be further combined to provide more implementation methods. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent upon reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example and not limitation, with the same or corresponding reference numerals denoteing the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery unit and snap-on adjustment buckle of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heart-shaped monitoring module of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the heatstroke early warning method of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the multi-level early warning triggering process of the present invention.

[0056] In the diagram: 101, necklace-style main body; 102, heart-shaped monitoring module; 103, snap-on adjustment buckle; 105, battery unit; 106, LED indicator; 107, buzzer; 202, zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring unit; 203, heart rate monitoring unit; 204, triaxial accelerometer; 205, control unit; 206, Bluetooth unit; 207, Beidou positioning chip; 410, magnetic charging interface. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The exemplary embodiments disclosed in this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of this application and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0058] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing. The heatstroke early warning device is a necklace-style main body 101. A heart-shaped monitoring module 102 is provided at the front end of the necklace-style main body 101, and a snap-on adjustment buckle 103 is provided at the rear end of the necklace-style main body 101. The heart-shaped monitoring module 102 is provided with a zero heat flux body temperature monitoring unit 202, a heart rate monitoring unit 203, a triaxial accelerometer 204, and a control unit 205. The zero heat flux body temperature monitoring unit 202, the heart rate monitoring unit 203, the triaxial accelerometer 204, and the control unit 205 are electrically connected. An early warning component is provided on the heart-shaped monitoring module 102, and the early warning component is electrically connected to the control unit 205.

[0059] Thus, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heart-shaped monitoring module 102 is located at the front end of the device, fitting snugly against the sternum. This location allows for stable contact with the skin, facilitating accurate measurement of core body temperature by the zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring unit 202 near the heart. This also helps the heart rate monitoring unit 203 obtain stable heart rate data. The triaxial accelerometer 204 can sense the real-time movement of the human torso, providing effective data for gait analysis. A snap-on adjustment buckle 103 at the rear end allows for flexible adjustment based on the wearer's neck size, ensuring the monitoring module remains securely fitted against the sternum during work or exercise. The zero-heat-flux body temperature monitoring unit 202, heart rate monitoring unit 203, and triaxial accelerometer 204 feed the collected data back to the control unit 205 in real time. The control unit 205 calculates the dynamic risk index R(t) and, based on the value of the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components, determines whether a predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached. If a predetermined warning level is reached, a warning signal corresponding to that level is generated and executed, significantly improving the accuracy and specificity of the warning.

[0060] Optionally, the zero heat flux body temperature monitoring unit 202 adopts a multi-layer composite structure, consisting of a medical-grade hydrogel skin contact layer, a temperature gradient detection layer of a thin-film thermopile array, a PID temperature control layer of a ceramic heating element, and a heat insulation layer of aerogel composite foam, starting from the skin contact end; the heart rate monitoring unit 203 is a photoelectric heart rate sensor.

[0061] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, a light-transmitting protective cover is provided on the outer surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module 102. This cover completely covers the front of the heart-shaped monitoring module 102. The LED indicator 106 and the buzzer 107 are embedded in the opening of the cover to ensure clear transmission of visual signals and effective conduction of sound waves. It also provides waterproof, dustproof and physical scratch-resistant protection. The internal structure adopts a precise layered layout: the transmitting and receiving window of the photoelectric heart rate sensor is set at the center, and multiple zero-heat flux body temperature monitoring units 202 are integrated in a high-density ring array around it. This ring array design maximizes the skin contact area and evenly distributes heat flux detection points, significantly improving the core body temperature monitoring accuracy. The bottom layer is a PCB board with a triaxial accelerometer 204 and a control unit 205 embedded in it. The Bluetooth unit 206 and the Beidou positioning chip 207 are arranged adjacently to optimize electromagnetic compatibility. This structure achieves synchronous high-precision acquisition of body temperature, heart rate and motion data and thermal / mechanical isolation of the electronic system through vertical space multiplexing, ensuring that the module meets medical-grade reliability requirements within a limited volume.

[0062] Optionally, the warning component includes an audible and visual warning module and a vibration reminder unit. The audible and visual warning module includes an LED indicator 106 and a buzzer 107, and the LED indicator 106 and the buzzer 107 are disposed on the front surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module 102. The vibration reminder unit is disposed on the rear surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module 102 and is fitted to the skin.

[0063] In this way, the LED indicator 106 and the buzzer 107 are placed in a conspicuous position on the front of the heart-shaped monitoring module 102 to ensure that the warning signal is clearly visible; the vibration reminder unit is close to the side that contacts the skin, so as to transmit warning information to the wearer in a timely manner through touch.

[0064] Specifically, once the control unit 205 determines that a warning of the corresponding level has been triggered, it sends a command to the warning component. Level 1 warning: The LED indicator 106 in the sound and light warning module illuminates with a low-frequency flashing light, the buzzer 107 emits a low-frequency sound, and the vibration reminder unit activates low-frequency vibration. This timely delivery of warning information to the wearer through visual, auditory, and tactile means reminds the wearer to pay attention to their physical condition and take appropriate protective measures, such as moving to a cool, ventilated place to rest and replenishing fluids. Level 2 warning: The LED indicator 106 in the sound and light warning module illuminates with a medium-frequency flashing light, and the buzzer 107 emits a medium-frequency sound. The sound and vibration alert unit activates continuous vibration, increasing the warning intensity to draw the wearer's attention. At this time, the wearer should immediately stop their current activity, take cooling measures, and closely monitor their physical condition. Level 3 warning: The LED indicator in the sound and light warning module illuminates with high-frequency flashing light, the buzzer 107 emits a high-frequency sound, the vibration alert unit activates strong vibration, and at the same time, the control unit 205 sends the wearer's location information through the network unit in the communication module, which is obtained by the Beidou positioning chip 207 in the positioning unit, and automatically dials the emergency number to ensure that the wearer can receive professional medical assistance as soon as possible.

[0065] Optionally, the necklace-style main body 101 is made of medical-grade silicone material; the necklace-style main body 101 is a heart-shaped monitoring module 102 connected to a snap-on adjustment buckle 103 by a connecting strap, the connecting strap is provided with a wire, and a battery unit 105 is provided next to the snap-on adjustment buckle 103. The wire connects the battery unit 105 and the heart-shaped monitoring module 102, and the battery unit 105 is provided with a magnetic charging interface 410.

[0066] Thus, the necklace-style main body 101 is made of medical-grade silicone, which is soft and conforms to the curves of the human body; the snap-on adjustment buckle 103 is located at the rear of the device, making it convenient for users to adjust according to their own neck circumference; when the battery unit 105 is low on power, the user can charge it through the magnetic charging port 410 near the snap-on adjustment buckle 103. This design not only makes it convenient for users to operate, but also does not affect the normal operation of other functional modules of the warning ring during the charging process, ensuring that the device can continuously and stably monitor the wearer's physiological state.

[0067] Optionally, the warning device further includes: a battery unit 105, a communication module, and a positioning unit; disposed on the necklace-style main body 101, the battery unit 105 is connected to the heart-shaped monitoring module 102, and the battery unit 105 is provided with a magnetic charging interface 410; disposed inside the heart-shaped monitoring module 102, including a Bluetooth unit 206 and a network unit; disposed inside the heart-shaped monitoring module 102, including a Beidou positioning chip 207, which is connected to the communication module.

[0068] Specifically, the Bluetooth unit 206 and the network unit (including the Beidou positioning chip 207) are integrated near the control unit 205 inside the heart-shaped monitoring module 102. The advantage of this centralized layout is that Bluetooth can quickly transmit body temperature, heart rate, and exercise data to mobile phones or terminals; the Beidou chip can obtain accurate location in real time and automatically send location and physiological data to the cloud or emergency center via the network (4G / 5G / satellite) in emergencies; all communication modules are designed close together, shortening the lines, reducing interference, making the signal more stable, consuming less power, and extending the device's battery life.

[0069] Through the above specific implementation methods, the heatstroke early warning device of the present invention can achieve early and accurate monitoring and early warning of heatstroke, providing reliable health protection for people working in high-temperature environments.

[0070] Secondly, such as Figure 4 The diagram shows a flowchart of a heatstroke early warning method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to the present invention; specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S1: Acquire the wearer's core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in real time;

[0072] Step S2: Based on the core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data, calculate the dynamic risk index R(t);

[0073] Step S3: Based on the value of the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components, determine whether the predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached;

[0074] Step S4: If the predetermined warning level is reached, generate and execute the warning signal corresponding to that warning level.

[0075] Optionally, the specific method for obtaining the wearer's core body temperature, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in step S1 includes:

[0076] The wearer's core body temperature data is obtained through a zero-heat-flux sensor;

[0077] The wearer's heart rate data is acquired through a heart rate sensor;

[0078] The wearer's triaxial acceleration data is obtained through a triaxial accelerometer.

[0079] Optionally, the specific method for calculating the dynamic risk index R(t) based on the core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in step S2 includes:

[0080] A graded early warning system for heatstroke is implemented using a dynamic risk index R(t). The mathematical model for the early warning system is as follows:

[0081] R(t)=ωT ·f T (t)+ω s ·f s (t)+ω H ·f H (t)+η·R(t-1)

[0082] Where R(t) is the heatstroke risk index, f T (t) is the heat load intensity factor, f s (t) represents the neurological dysfunction factor, f H (t) represents the cardiovascular decompensation factor, ω represents the environmental adaptive weighting coefficient, and η represents the historical state memory coefficient, with dynamic weighting configuration: ω T =0.5, ω s =0.3,ω H =0.2, η=0.6, R(t-1) is the heatstroke risk index at the previous time point;

[0083] Among them, the heat load intensity factor f T The calculation method for (t) is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, T C Core body temperature The heating rate;

[0086] Neurological dysfunction factor f s The formula for calculating (t) is:

[0087]

[0088] RMS is the triaxial acceleration, which is activated when θ > 15°. Angular velocity threshold;

[0089] Cardiovascular decompensation factor f H The formula for calculating (t) is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, H t Hmax is the heart rate at that time, Hmax is the maximum heart rate, and the maximum heart rate is calculated based on age: Hmax = 220 - age. SDNN is the standard deviation of heart rate variability.

[0092] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the specific method for determining whether a predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached based on the value of the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components in step S3 includes:

[0093] The warning levels are divided into Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3, and the triggering conditions are as follows:

[0094] When R(t) > 0.6 and R(t) continues to rise, it is interpreted as a level one warning, triggering a low-frequency audible and visual warning signal and a low-frequency vibration reminder signal;

[0095] When R(t) > 0.8 or f T When (t)≥1, it is interpreted as a level 2 warning, triggering a medium-frequency audible and visual warning signal and a continuous vibration reminder signal;

[0096] When R(t) > 0.9 and f s When (t)>1.5 and lasts for 10 seconds, it is interpreted as a level 3 warning, triggering a high-frequency sound and light warning signal and a strong vibration reminder signal, and automatically sending location information and dialing the emergency number.

[0097] Currently, the device is accumulating experimental data in some intensive care unit clinics, from which some validations have been obtained: when subjects experience prodromal symptoms such as headache / nausea, the clinical matching rate for Level 1 warning is 82.1%; when body temperature >38.5℃ or heart rate >180 bpm, the clinical matching rate for Level 2 warning is 93.3%; and when altered consciousness occurs, the clinical matching rate for Level 3 warning is 100%.

[0098] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing, characterized in that, The heatstroke early warning device is a necklace-style main body (101), with a heart-shaped monitoring module (102) at the front end and a snap-on adjustment buckle (103) at the rear end. The heart-shaped monitoring module (102) is equipped with a zero heat flux body temperature monitoring unit (202), a heart rate monitoring unit (203), a triaxial accelerometer (204), and a control unit (205), and the zero heat flux body temperature monitoring unit (202), the heart rate monitoring unit (203), the triaxial accelerometer (204), and the control unit (205) are electrically connected; The heart-shaped monitoring module (102) is equipped with an early warning component, and the early warning component is electrically connected to the control unit (205).

2. The heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zero heat flux body temperature monitoring unit (202) adopts a multi-layer composite structure, which consists of a medical-grade hydrogel skin contact layer, a temperature gradient detection layer of a thin film thermopile array, a PID temperature control layer of a ceramic heating element, and a heat insulation layer of aerogel composite foam, starting from the skin contact end. The heart rate monitoring unit (203) is a photoelectric heart rate sensor.

3. The heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warning component includes an audio-visual warning module and a vibration reminder unit. The audio-visual warning module includes an LED indicator (106) and a buzzer (107), and the LED indicator (106) and the buzzer (107) are disposed on the front surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module (102). The vibration reminder unit is disposed on the rear surface of the heart-shaped monitoring module (102) and is fitted to the skin.

4. The heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The necklace-style main body (101) is made of medical-grade silicone. The necklace-style main body (101) is a heart-shaped monitoring module (102) connected to a snap-on adjustment buckle (103) by a connecting strap. The connecting strap contains a wire, and a battery unit (105) is located next to the snap-on adjustment buckle (103). The wire connects the battery unit (105) and the heart-shaped monitoring module (102). The battery unit (105) is provided with a magnetic charging interface (410).

5. The heatstroke early warning device based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heart-shaped monitoring module (102) also includes: The communication module, located inside the heart-shaped monitoring module (102), includes a Bluetooth unit (206) and a network unit; The positioning unit, located inside the heart-shaped monitoring module (102), includes a Beidou positioning chip (207) and is connected to the communication module.

6. A method for early warning of heatstroke based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Acquire the wearer's core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in real time; Step S2: Based on the core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data, calculate the dynamic risk index R(t); Step S3: Based on the value of the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components, determine whether the predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached; Step S4: If the predetermined warning level is reached, generate and execute the warning signal corresponding to that warning level.

7. The heatstroke early warning method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the dynamic risk index R(t) based on the core body temperature data, heart rate data, and triaxial acceleration data in step S2 includes: A graded early warning system for heatstroke is implemented using a dynamic risk index R(t). The mathematical model for the early warning system is as follows: R(t)=ω T ·f T (t)+ω s ·f s (t)+ω H ·f H (t)+η·R(t-1) Where R(t) is the heatstroke risk index, f T (t) is the heat load intensity factor, f s (t) represents the neurological dysfunction factor, f H (t) represents the cardiovascular decompensation factor, ω represents the environmental adaptive weighting coefficient, and η represents the historical state memory coefficient, with dynamic weighting configuration: ω T =0.5, ω s =0.3,ω H =0.2, η=0.6, R(t-1) is the heatstroke risk index at the previous time point; Among them, the heat load intensity factor f T The calculation method for (t) is as follows: Among them, T C Core body temperature The heating rate; Neurological dysfunction factor f s The formula for calculating (t) is: RMS is the triaxial acceleration, which is activated when θ > 15°. Angular velocity threshold; Cardiovascular decompensation factor f H The formula for calculating (t) is: Among them, H t H is the current heart rate, Hmax is the maximum heart rate, and SDNN is the standard deviation of heart rate variability.

8. The heatstroke early warning method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for determining whether a predetermined heatstroke risk warning level has been reached based on the value of the dynamic risk index R(t) or its components in step S3 includes: The warning levels are divided into Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3, and the triggering conditions are as follows: When R(t) > 0.6 and R(t) continues to rise, it is interpreted as a level one warning, triggering a low-frequency audible and visual warning signal and a low-frequency vibration reminder signal; When R(t) > 0.8 or f T When (t)≥1, it is interpreted as a level 2 warning, triggering a medium-frequency audible and visual warning signal and a continuous vibration reminder signal; When R(t) > 0.9 and f s When (t)>1.5 and lasts for 10 seconds, it is interpreted as a level 3 warning, triggering a high-frequency sound and light warning signal and a strong vibration reminder signal, and automatically sending location information and dialing the emergency number.

9. The heatstroke early warning method based on zero heat flux and multi-parameter sensing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific methods for obtaining the wearer's core body temperature, heart rate, and triaxial acceleration data in step S1 include: The wearer's core body temperature data is obtained through a zero-heat-flux sensor; The wearer's heart rate data is acquired through a heart rate sensor; The wearer's triaxial acceleration data is obtained through a triaxial accelerometer.

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