Gas separation system and gas separation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas separation system and a gas separation method. The gas separation system comprises a gas inlet pipeline assembly; the separation device is provided with a containing cavity, the containing cavity communicates with the gas inlet pipeline assembly, the containing cavity is configured to be used for containing an adsorption material, and the adsorption material is configured to be used for adsorbing gas or desorbing the gas from the adsorption material so as to separate the gas; the temperature adjusting device is connected with the separating device, and the temperature adjusting device is configured to be used for adjusting the environment temperature in the containing cavity; and the pressure adjusting device is connected with the separating device, and the pressure adjusting device is configured to be used for adjusting the environment pressure in the containing cavity. The gas separation system can flexibly adjust the temperature and pressure according to different requirements of adsorption and desorption, so that adsorption and desorption are more thorough, the separation effect is good, an adsorption material is regenerated more completely, and the service life of an adsorbent is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gas separation, in particular to a gas separation system and a gas separation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of industrial waste gas treatment and resource utilization, carbon dioxide in power plant flue gas as one of the main greenhouse gases, its efficient separation and recovery is of great significance. The physical adsorption method in the post-combustion carbon capture technology has the advantages of simple operation process, high automation degree and environmental friendliness, and has become a research hotspot for carbon dioxide separation. The physical adsorption method realizes the separation of carbon dioxide and other gas components through the selective adsorption and desorption of adsorbents on carbon dioxide.

[0003] However, the traditional physical adsorption method still has the disadvantages of poor separation effect and low separation efficiency when it is actually applied to the carbon dioxide separation process. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a gas separation system and a gas separation method to solve the problems of poor separation effect and low separation efficiency in the existing gas separation process.

[0005] A gas separation system, comprising:

[0006] An air inlet pipeline assembly;

[0007] A separation device having a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being in communication with the air inlet pipeline assembly, the receiving cavity being configured to receive an adsorbent material, the adsorbent material being configured to adsorb a gas or desorb a gas from the adsorbent material to separate the gas;

[0008] A temperature adjusting device connected to the separation device, the temperature adjusting device being configured to adjust the ambient temperature in the receiving cavity;

[0009] A pressure adjusting device connected to the separation device, the pressure adjusting device being configured to adjust the ambient pressure in the receiving cavity.

[0010] In one embodiment, the separation device includes at least two separation assemblies, at least two of the separation assemblies being connected in parallel to the air inlet pipeline assembly, the temperature adjusting device and the pressure adjusting device, the separation assemblies having the receiving cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment, the separation assembly includes:

[0012] a separator, an inner portion of the separator forms the accommodation cavity, the accommodation cavity is in communication with the gas inlet pipeline assembly and the pressure regulating device respectively;

[0013] a jacket, the jacket is connected to an outer surface of the separator and forms a heat exchange cavity, the heat exchange cavity is in communication with the temperature regulating device, the heat exchange cavity is configured to accommodate a heat exchange medium.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the temperature regulating device comprises:

[0015] a cooling assembly, the cooling assembly is in communication with the heat exchange cavity, the cooling assembly is configured to cool the heat exchange medium;

[0016] a heating assembly, the heating assembly is in parallel communication with the cooling assembly and the heat exchange cavity, the heating assembly is configured to heat the heat exchange medium.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the cooling assembly comprises a cooling pipeline, a refrigeration device and a refrigeration reservoir, the refrigeration device, the refrigeration reservoir and the heat exchange cavity are sequentially communicated through the cooling pipeline; and / or

[0018] the heating assembly comprises a heating pipeline, a heater and a heating reservoir, the heater, the heating reservoir and the heat exchange cavity are sequentially communicated through the heating pipeline.

[0019] In one of the embodiments, the gas inlet pipeline assembly comprises a gas inlet pipeline, a gas inlet power member and a flow controller, the gas inlet pipeline is in communication with the accommodation cavity of the separation device, the gas inlet power member and the flow controller are arranged on the gas inlet pipeline; and / or

[0020] the pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating pipeline and a pressure regulator, the pressure regulator is in communication with the accommodation cavity of the separation device through the pressure regulating pipeline.

[0021] In one of the embodiments, the gas separation system further comprises a vacuumizing device, the vacuumizing device comprises a vacuumizing pipeline and a vacuumizing power member, the vacuumizing power member is in communication with the accommodation cavity of the separation device through the vacuumizing pipeline.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the gas separation system further comprises an exhaust assembly, the exhaust assembly comprises a first exhaust pipeline and a second exhaust pipeline, the first exhaust pipeline and the second exhaust pipeline are in communication with the accommodation cavity of the separation device respectively, the first exhaust pipeline is configured to exhaust the remaining gas in the accommodation cavity when the adsorbent material adsorbs gas, the second exhaust pipeline is configured to exhaust the desorbed gas in the accommodation cavity when gas is desorbed from the adsorbent material.

[0023] In one of the embodiments, the gas separation system further comprises a flow detector and / or a gas concentration detector, which are arranged on the first exhaust pipeline and / or the second exhaust pipeline.

[0024] A gas separation method, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Introducing gas into a receiving cavity of a separation device through an air inlet pipeline assembly, so that the gas contacts with adsorbent material in the receiving cavity;

[0026] Adjusting the ambient temperature in the receiving cavity through a temperature adjusting device;

[0027] Adjusting the ambient pressure in the receiving cavity through a pressure adjusting device;

[0028] Based on the changes of the temperature and the pressure, adsorbing gas by the adsorbent material in the receiving cavity or desorbing gas from the adsorbent material to separate the gas.

[0029] The gas separation system and the gas separation method described above can effectively utilize the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent material to specific gas, and realize gas separation under the synergistic effect of temperature and pressure. The gas separation system of the embodiments of the present application can flexibly adjust the temperature and the pressure according to different requirements of adsorption and desorption, so that the adsorption and desorption are more complete, the separation effect is good, the regeneration of the adsorbent material is more complete, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent material is effectively ensured, the service life of the adsorbent is prolonged, and the gas separation system still has a high recovery rate for target gas after a plurality of cycles of adsorption and desorption and regeneration of the adsorbent material, and the separation efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a gas separation system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a gas separation method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0033] 10, gas separation system;

[0034] 100, air inlet pipeline assembly; 110, air inlet pipeline; 120, air inlet power member; 130, flow controller; 140, first air inlet valve; 150, second air inlet valve;

[0035] 200, separation device; 210, separation assembly; 211, separator; 212, jacket; 213, receiving cavity; 214, heat exchange cavity; 220, temperature measurement assembly;

[0036] 310, temperature decreasing assembly; 311, temperature decreasing pipeline; 312, refrigeration device; 313, refrigeration storage; 314, temperature decreasing inlet valve; 315, temperature decreasing outlet valve; 320, temperature increasing assembly; 321, temperature increasing pipeline; 322, heater; 323, heating storage; 324, temperature increasing inlet valve; 325, temperature increasing outlet valve;

[0037] 400, pressure regulating device; 410, pressure regulating pipeline; 420, pressure regulator; 430, pressure regulating valve;

[0038] 500, vacuumizing device; 510, vacuumizing pipeline; 520, vacuumizing power; 530, first vacuumizing valve; 540, second vacuumizing valve;

[0039] 610, first exhaust pipeline; 611, first exhaust valve; 612, second exhaust valve; 620, second exhaust pipeline; 621, third exhaust valve; 622, fourth exhaust valve; 630, flow detector; 640, gas concentration detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without using these specific details in other ways. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like, if any, are used herein for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" can include at least one of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0043] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like appear, these terms should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the first feature is described as "on" or "under" the second feature and the like, it can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be the first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be the first feature directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0045] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed to" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be a middle element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be a middle element. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the present application are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation.

[0046] Referring to Figure 1 shown, Figure 1A structural diagram of a gas separation system 10 in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The gas separation system 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes an air inlet pipeline assembly 100, a separation device 200, a temperature adjusting device, and a pressure adjusting device 400. The gas separation system 10 can effectively adsorb and separate target gas. In order to facilitate understanding, the following embodiment takes the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide in power plant flue gas as an example for introduction.

[0047] Specifically, the air inlet pipeline assembly 100 is used to communicate with a gas source, so as to deliver the gas to be separated to the separation device 200. The separation device 200 has a receiving cavity 213, which is in communication with the air inlet pipeline assembly 100. The receiving cavity 213 is configured to receive an adsorbent material, which is configured to adsorb gas or desorb gas from the adsorbent material to separate the gas. The temperature adjusting device is connected with the separation device 200, and is configured to adjust the ambient temperature in the receiving cavity 213 to adjust the adsorption or desorption state of the adsorbent material. The pressure adjusting device 400 is connected with the separation device 200, and is configured to adjust the ambient pressure in the receiving cavity 213 to adjust the adsorption or desorption state of the adsorbent material. For example, when the gas separation system 10 is used to separate carbon dioxide in power plant flue gas, the adsorbent material can be selected as an adsorbent capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide, such as activated carbon, molecular sieve, etc. By adsorbing carbon dioxide in the flue gas by the adsorbent material, and then desorbing the carbon dioxide, the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide in the flue gas can be achieved.

[0048] Through the above structural design, the temperature adjusting device and the pressure adjusting device 400 are used to adjust the ambient temperature and the ambient pressure in the receiving cavity 213, respectively, so as to effectively utilize the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent material for specific gas, and realize gas separation under the synergistic effect of temperature and pressure. For example, when separating carbon dioxide in power plant flue gas, by adjusting the temperature and the pressure for adsorption and desorption, respectively, the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is first adsorbed by cooling, and then combined with pressurization, so as to completely adsorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas as much as possible, and then the carbon dioxide can be recovered through subsequent desorption. Thus, the gas separation system 10 of the embodiment of the present application can flexibly adjust the temperature and the pressure according to different requirements of adsorption and desorption, so as to make the adsorption and desorption more complete, the separation effect is good, the regeneration of the adsorbent material is more complete, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent material is effectively ensured, the service life of the adsorbent is prolonged, and after the cyclic process of adsorption and desorption of the adsorbent material for multiple times, the gas separation system 10 still has a high recovery rate for the target gas, and the separation efficiency is high. Moreover, the gas separation system 10 can improve the separation effect of carbon dioxide in power plant flue gas, obtain high-purity carbon dioxide product, reduce the carbon dioxide content in waste gas emission, reduce the impact on the environment, and at the same time, provide a high-purity gas source for subsequent recovery and utilization of carbon dioxide, which has significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0049] In some embodiments, the separation device 200 includes at least two separation components 210, which are connected in parallel to the intake pipe assembly 100, the temperature regulating device, and the pressure regulating device 400. Each separation component 210 has a receiving cavity 213. For example, see... Figure 1 As shown, the separation device 200 includes four separation components 210, which are identical in structure and connected in parallel. The inlet pipe assembly 100 employs a split-flow design, distributing the flue gas evenly into the receiving chambers 213 of each separation component 210 via multiple branch pipes. Temperature and pressure regulating devices 400 are connected to each separation component 210 via a main pipe and branch pipes, respectively, enabling independent and precise temperature and pressure regulation of each component 210. In this embodiment, multiple separation components 210 are arranged in parallel. On the one hand, when the gas separation system 10 is processing a large volume of gas, each separation component 210 can operate in parallel, greatly increasing the gas throughput. On the other hand, since each separation component 210 can operate independently, when the adsorbent material in one separation component 210 reaches adsorption saturation and requires regeneration, that component 210 can be desorbed and regenerated individually, while the other components continue adsorption, ensuring the continuity of the carbon dioxide separation process in the power plant flue gas by the entire gas separation system 10. Therefore, the gas separation system 10 of this embodiment alternately performs adsorption and adsorbent regeneration cycles among multiple separation components 210, thereby continuously adsorbing carbon dioxide gas, achieving efficient separation and recovery of carbon dioxide gas in flue gas, while reducing separation operation cycle and energy consumption.

[0050] It should be understood that in other alternative embodiments, the number of separation components 210 is not limited to four. For example, the number of separation components 210 can also be two, three, five, six, etc., with all separation components 210 connected in parallel.

[0051] In some embodiments, the separation assembly 210 includes a separator 211 and a jacket 212. A receiving cavity 213 is formed inside the separator 211, which is connected to both the intake pipe assembly 100 and the pressure regulating device 400. The jacket 212 is connected to the outer surface of the separator 211, and a heat exchange cavity 214 is formed between the jacket 212 and the separator 211. The heat exchange cavity 214 is connected to the temperature regulating device and is configured to contain a heat exchange medium. Thus, the heat exchange medium, in conjunction with the temperature regulating device, exchanges heat with the adsorbent material within the receiving cavity 213, preventing direct contact between the heat exchange medium and the adsorbent material. This avoids the introduction of impurity gases, such as hot air, into the receiving cavity 213 during the heat exchange process.

[0052] Exemplarily, the separator 211 can be made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material in a cylindrical container, and the internal space of the separator 211 is the accommodation cavity 213 for loading the adsorption material. The jacket 212 is wrapped around the outer surface of the separator 211, and the heat exchange cavity 214 formed between the jacket 212 and the separator 211 is communicated with the temperature adjusting device through a pipeline. The heat exchange medium can be heat-conducting oil to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Thus, through the above structural design of the separator 211 and the jacket 212, the heat exchange medium can uniformly surround the separator 211, the temperature adjustment is more efficient, and the adsorption material in the accommodation cavity 213 is uniformly heated or cooled, avoiding local overheating or overcooling. Controlling the uniform temperature environment makes the adsorption of carbon dioxide by the adsorption material more sufficient, and the desorption is also more thorough, thereby improving the separation purity of carbon dioxide, reducing the loss of adsorption material caused by uneven temperature, and prolonging the service life of the adsorption material.

[0053] In some embodiments, the separation device 200 further comprises a temperature measuring assembly 220, and the temperature measuring assembly 220 comprises a plurality of temperature detectors arranged on the jacket 212 in the height direction. Exemplarily, the temperature detectors can be temperature sensors, and the plurality of temperature sensors can detect the temperatures of different regions in the heat exchange cavity 214 between the jacket 212 and the separator 211, so as to ensure the uniform temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 214, thereby uniformly heating the inside of the accommodation cavity 213.

[0054] In some embodiments, the temperature adjusting device comprises a cooling assembly 310 and a heating assembly 320, and the cooling assembly 310 and the heating assembly 320 are connected in parallel. Specifically, the cooling assembly 310 is communicated with the heat exchange cavity 214 and is configured to cool the heat exchange medium. The heating assembly 320 is connected in parallel with the cooling assembly 310 and is communicated with the heat exchange cavity 214, and the heating assembly 320 is configured to heat the heat exchange medium. Exemplarily, during the adsorption process, if a lower temperature is required to improve the adsorption efficiency, the cooling assembly 310 can be quickly started, and the heating assembly 320 is closed; during the desorption process, the heating assembly 320 is opened, and the cooling assembly 310 is closed, and the temperature is quickly raised by the heating assembly 320 to realize efficient desorption of the gas from the adsorption material. Thus, the cooling assembly 310 and the heating assembly 320 are connected in parallel, so that the temperature adjusting device can quickly respond to different temperature requirements, thereby flexibly adjusting the temperature, so as to shorten the adsorption and desorption cycle, improve the efficiency of gas separation, and ensure the efficiency and stability of gas separation treatment.

[0055] Optionally, in some embodiments, the cooling assembly 310 comprises a cooling pipeline 311, a refrigerating device 312 and a refrigerating reservoir 313, the refrigerating device 312, the refrigerating reservoir 313 and the heat exchange cavity 214 are sequentially communicated through the cooling pipeline 311. Exemplarily, when the heat exchange medium adopts heat-conducting oil, the refrigerating device 312 can be selected as a cold oil machine for cooling the heat-conducting oil. The refrigerating reservoir 313 can be selected as a heat preservation tank for storing the cooled heat-conducting oil and preserving the heat-conducting oil, reducing the loss of cold energy and keeping the heat-conducting oil in a low temperature state. The cooling pipeline 311 is respectively provided with a cooling inlet valve 314 and a cooling outlet valve 315, the cooling inlet valve 314 is used for controlling the on-off between the cooling pipeline 311 and the inlet of the heat exchange cavity 214, and the cooling outlet valve 315 is used for controlling the on-off between the cooling pipeline 311 and the outlet of the heat exchange cavity 214. The refrigerating device 312, the refrigerating reservoir 313, the cooling inlet valve 314, the heat exchange cavity 214 and the cooling outlet valve 315 are communicated through the cooling pipeline 311 to form a cooling circulation loop, and a cooling circulation pump can be arranged on the cooling circulation loop to provide power for circulating the heat exchange medium in the cooling circulation loop, so that the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 214 can be continuously cooled by the refrigerating device 312 to keep the heat exchange medium in a low temperature state, thereby ensuring effective cooling of the inside of the accommodation cavity 213.

[0056] Optionally, in some embodiments, the heating assembly 320 comprises a heating pipeline 321, a heater 322 and a heating reservoir 323, the heater 322, the heating reservoir 323 and the heat exchange cavity 214 are sequentially communicated through the heating pipeline 321. Exemplarily, when the heat exchange medium adopts heat-conducting oil, the heater 322 can be selected as a heat-conducting oil heater 322 for heating the heat-conducting oil. The heating reservoir 323 can be selected as a heat preservation tank for storing the heated heat-conducting oil and preserving the heat-conducting oil, reducing the loss of heat and keeping the heat-conducting oil in a high temperature state. The heating pipeline 321 is respectively provided with a heating inlet valve 324 and a heating outlet valve 325, the heating inlet valve 324 is used for controlling the on-off between the heating pipeline 321 and the inlet of the heat exchange cavity 214, and the heating outlet valve 325 is used for controlling the on-off between the heating pipeline 321 and the outlet of the heat exchange cavity 214. The heater 322, the heating reservoir 323, the heating inlet valve 324, the heat exchange cavity 214 and the heating outlet valve 325 are communicated through the heating pipeline 321 to form a heating circulation loop, and a heating circulation pump can be arranged on the heating circulation loop to provide power for circulating the heat exchange medium in the heating circulation loop, so that the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 214 can be continuously heated by the heater 322 to keep the heat exchange medium in a high temperature state, thereby ensuring effective heating of the inside of the accommodation cavity 213.

[0057] In some embodiments, the intake pipe assembly 100 includes an intake pipe 110, an intake power component 120, and a flow controller 130. The intake pipe 110 communicates with the receiving cavity 213 of the separation device 200, and the intake power component 120 and the flow controller 130 are disposed on the intake pipe 110. Exemplarily, the intake power component 120 of the intake pipe assembly 100 can be a centrifugal fan, a centrifugal pump, etc., and the flow controller 130 can be an intelligent flow regulating valve. The arrangement of the intake power component 120 and the flow controller 130 ensures that the gas flow rate entering the separation device 200 is stable and adjustable. Furthermore, during the power plant flue gas treatment process, the intake volume is adjusted in a timely manner by the flow controller 130 according to changes in the flue gas generation, ensuring that the adsorbent material can fully contact the target carbon dioxide gas in the flue gas, thereby improving adsorption efficiency.

[0058] It is understood that when the number of separation components 210 is at least two, the intake pipe 110 can be connected to the receiving cavity 213 of a corresponding separation component 210 through multiple branch pipes, and intake valves can be installed on each of the multiple branch pipes. (See reference...) Figure 1 As shown, taking two separation components 210 as an example, the inlet pipe 110 is connected to the receiving cavity 213 of the two separation components 210 via two branch pipes, each equipped with a first inlet valve 140 and a second inlet valve 150. During gas separation, when the adsorbent material in the separation component 210 connected to the first inlet valve 140 reaches adsorption saturation and requires regeneration, the first inlet valve 140 can be closed to perform desorption and regeneration on that separation component 210, while the second inlet valve 150 is opened to allow the separation component 210 connected to the second inlet valve 150 to continue adsorption. Similarly, when the adsorbent material in the separation component 210 connected to the second inlet valve 150 reaches adsorption saturation and requires regeneration, the second inlet valve 150 can be closed while the first inlet valve 140 is opened, thus switching the separation components 210 for adsorption, ensuring the continuity of gas separation, improving separation efficiency, and reducing the separation operation cycle.

[0059] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating device 400 includes a pressure regulating line 410 and a pressure regulator 420, the pressure regulator 420 being connected to the receiving cavity 213 of the separation device 200 via the pressure regulating line 410. Exemplarily, the pressure regulator 420 may be an air compressor, which is connected to the receiving cavity 213 via the pressure regulating line 410. A pressure regulating valve 430 is provided on the pressure regulating line 410 for controlling its opening and closing. By introducing compressed air into the receiving cavity 213 through the pressure regulating device 400 to regulate the environmental pressure within the receiving cavity 213, a stable pressure environment can be provided for the adsorption and desorption processes, ensuring the adsorption and desorption effects of the adsorbent material on the gas.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gas separation system 10 further comprises a vacuumizing device 500, which comprises a vacuumizing pipeline 510 and a vacuumizing power 520, the vacuumizing power 520 being in communication with the receiving cavity 213 of the separation assembly 210 through the vacuumizing pipeline 510. Exemplarily, the vacuumizing power 520 can be a vacuum pump, which is in communication with the receiving cavity 213 through the vacuumizing pipeline 510, for performing vacuumizing treatment inside the receiving cavity 213, to provide a wider pressure regulating range for gas separation. Specifically, during gas separation, when it is required to reduce the ambient pressure inside the receiving cavity 213 to facilitate gas desorption or to maintain a specific adsorption condition, the vacuumizing power 520 is started to extract the gas inside the receiving cavity 213 through the vacuumizing pipeline 510. Moreover, in some gas separation scenarios with strict pressure requirements, the ambient pressure inside the receiving cavity 213 can be further reduced by vacuumizing, to create a near-vacuum environment, so that the adsorption and desorption processes of the adsorption material to the gas are more clear and controllable, and the precision and effect of gas separation are improved.

[0061] It can be understood that, when the number of the separation assemblies 210 is at least two, the vacuumizing pipeline 510 can be in communication with the receiving cavity 213 of each separation assembly 210 through a plurality of branch pipelines, and a vacuumizing valve can be arranged on each branch pipeline. Referring to FIG. 2, the number of the separation assemblies 210 is taken as two as an example, wherein the vacuumizing pipeline 510 is in communication with the receiving cavities 213 of the two separation assemblies 210 through two branch pipelines, and a first vacuumizing valve 530 and a second vacuumizing valve 540 are arranged on the two branch pipelines, respectively. Figure 1 It can be understood that, when the number of the separation assemblies 210 is at least two, the vacuumizing pipeline 510 can be in communication with the receiving cavity 213 of each separation assembly 210 through a plurality of branch pipelines, and a vacuumizing valve can be arranged on each branch pipeline. Referring to FIG. 2, the number of the separation assemblies 210 is taken as two as an example, wherein the vacuumizing pipeline 510 is in communication with the receiving cavities 213 of the two separation assemblies 210 through two branch pipelines, and a first vacuumizing valve 530 and a second vacuumizing valve 540 are arranged on the two branch pipelines, respectively.

[0062] In some embodiments, the gas separation system 10 further comprises an exhaust assembly comprising a first exhaust pipeline 610 and a second exhaust pipeline 620, which are respectively communicated with the receiving cavities 213 of the separation devices 200, the first exhaust pipeline 610 is configured to exhaust the remaining gas in the receiving cavities 213 when the adsorbent material adsorbs the gas, and the second exhaust pipeline 620 is configured to exhaust the desorbed gas in the receiving cavities 213 when the gas is desorbed from the adsorbent material. Specifically, when separating the carbon dioxide in the flue gas of a power plant, the first exhaust pipeline 610 exhausts the remaining gas in the receiving cavities 213 which is not adsorbed in the adsorption stage, and these gases are mainly nitrogen and the like. The second exhaust pipeline 620 exhausts the target carbon dioxide gas desorbed from the adsorbent material in the desorption stage. By independently setting the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620, the mutual interference of the gases in the adsorption and desorption processes is avoided, the purity of the exhausted remaining gas and desorbed gas is ensured, the subsequent recycling of the desorbed gas is facilitated, the pollution of the remaining gas to the environment is reduced, and the dual benefits of environmental protection and economy are achieved.

[0063] It can be understood that when the number of the separation assemblies 210 is at least two, the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620 can be respectively communicated with the receiving cavities 213 of the corresponding one of the separation assemblies 210 through a plurality of branch pipes, and exhaust valves are respectively arranged on the plurality of branch pipes. For reference Figure 1As shown, the number of separation assemblies 210 is taken as two as an example, wherein the first exhaust pipeline 610 is communicated with the accommodation cavities 213 of the two separation assemblies 210 through two branches respectively, and the two branches are respectively provided with the first exhaust valve 611 and the second exhaust valve 612. The second exhaust pipeline 620 is communicated with the accommodation cavities 213 of the two separation assemblies 210 through two branches respectively, and the two branches are respectively provided with the third exhaust valve 621 and the fourth exhaust valve 622. In the gas separation process, when the separation assembly 210 communicated with the first exhaust valve 611 performs the adsorption operation and the separation assembly 210 communicated with the second exhaust valve 612 performs the desorption operation, at this time, the first exhaust valve 611 is opened to discharge the remaining gas in the accommodation cavity 213 which is not adsorbed, and the third exhaust valve 621 is closed, while the second exhaust valve 612 is closed, and the fourth exhaust valve 622 is opened to discharge the target gas desorbed from the adsorption material. When the separation assembly 210 communicated with the second exhaust valve 612 performs the adsorption operation and the separation assembly 210 communicated with the first exhaust valve 611 performs the desorption operation, at this time, the third exhaust valve 621 is opened to discharge the remaining gas in the accommodation cavity 213 which is not adsorbed, and the first exhaust valve 611 is closed, while the fourth exhaust valve 622 is closed, and the second exhaust valve 612 is opened to discharge the target gas desorbed from the adsorption material. Thus, by controlling the cooperation of the first exhaust valve 611, the second exhaust valve 612, the third exhaust valve 621 and the fourth exhaust valve 622, the adsorption and desorption operations of the separation assemblies 210 can be switched, the continuity of the gas separation is ensured, the separation efficiency is improved, and the separation operation period is reduced.

[0064] Further, in some embodiments, the gas separation system 10 further comprises a flow detector 630 and a gas concentration detector 640, which are arranged on the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620. Specifically, the flow detector 630 is installed on the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620 of the exhaust assembly respectively, which can be used to detect the discharge flow of the remaining gas and the desorption gas in the adsorption process, for example, the flow detector 630 can adopt an electromagnetic flowmeter. By detecting the flow of the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620, the progress of the adsorption process can be known, such as whether the adsorption material reaches saturation or not. And the gas concentration detector 640 is communicated with the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620 respectively, which can be used to detect the concentration of the target gas in the remaining gas and the desorption gas in the adsorption process, for example, the gas concentration detector 640 can adopt a smoke analyzer. By detecting the concentration of the gas in the first exhaust pipeline 610 and the second exhaust pipeline 620, the adsorption and desorption effects can be judged, so that the parameters such as temperature and pressure can be adjusted in time, so as to optimize the gas separation process through automatic control and further improve the gas separation effect.

[0065] Referring to Figure 2 Another embodiment of the present application provides a gas separation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0066] S10, gas is introduced into the receiving cavity 213 of the separation device 200 through the gas inlet pipeline assembly 100, so that the gas contacts with the adsorbent material in the receiving cavity 213. For example, the gas inlet power element 120 in the gas inlet pipeline assembly 100 is started, and the power plant flue gas is transported into the receiving cavity 213 of the separation device 200 through the gas inlet pipeline 110, so that the flue gas fully contacts with the adsorbent material filled in the receiving cavity 213 which has selective adsorption to carbon dioxide.

[0067] S20, the ambient temperature in the receiving cavity 213 is adjusted by the temperature adjusting device. For example, according to the characteristics of the adsorbent material and the process requirements, the ambient temperature in the receiving cavity 213 is adjusted to a suitable adsorption temperature by the temperature adjusting device.

[0068] S30, the ambient pressure in the receiving cavity 213 is adjusted by the pressure adjusting device 400. For example, the ambient pressure in the receiving cavity 213 is adjusted to a suitable value by the pressure adjusting device 400.

[0069] S40, based on the changes of the temperature and the pressure, the adsorbent material in the receiving cavity 213 is used to adsorb or desorb the gas to separate the gas. For example, under suitable temperature and pressure conditions, the adsorbent material adsorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas, realizing carbon dioxide separation. When the adsorbent material reaches a certain adsorption saturation degree, the carbon dioxide is desorbed from the adsorbent material by changing the temperature and pressure conditions, completing an adsorption and desorption cycle.

[0070] The gas separation method of the embodiment of the present application uses the changes of the temperature and the pressure to control the adsorption and desorption process, improving the targeting and efficiency of the gas separation. In the process of treating the flue gas of the power plant, the carbon dioxide in the flue gas can be efficiently separated, and at the same time, the regeneration of the adsorbent material is more complete by accurately controlling the temperature and the pressure, which can reduce the loss of the adsorbent material, prolong the service life of the adsorbent material, and reduce the production cost.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the number of the separation assemblies 210 included in the separation device 200 is at least two, the gas separation method of the embodiment of the present application can use the at least two separation assemblies 210 to alternately and continuously adsorb and separate the target gas. Referring to Figure 1As shown, taking the number of separation assemblies 210 as two as an example, the gas separation method includes performing the above steps S10 to S40 on one of the separation assemblies 210 first, and then performing the above steps S10 to S40 on the two separation assemblies 210 respectively, and keeping the two separation assemblies 210 in the adsorption and desorption states respectively. Specifically, the adsorption, desorption and regeneration commissioning are first performed on one of the separation assemblies 210 in a cycle, and the adsorption saturation time, the temperature programmed desorption time, the vacuum desorption time and the cooling regeneration time of the single separation assembly 210 are measured. Then, using the above measured time parameters, the two separation assemblies 210 are controlled to alternately and continuously adsorb the target gas. And at each moment, one separation assembly 210 is kept for adsorption, and the other separation assembly 210 is kept for adsorbent regeneration. Among them, the adsorption saturation time is not less than the sum of the temperature programmed desorption time, the vacuum desorption time and the cooling regeneration time, so as to ensure that the adsorption and adsorbent desorption and regeneration between the two separation assemblies can be continuously and uninterruptedly cycled.

[0072] Of course, it should be understood that when the number of separation assemblies 210 is more, the control is performed at each moment, part of the separation assemblies 210 are kept for adsorption, and the rest of the separation assemblies 210 are kept for adsorbent desorption and regeneration, so as to ensure continuous separation of the target gas.

[0073] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0074] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as the limitation of the patent application scope. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas separation system, characterized in that, The gas separation system includes: Intake piping assembly; A separation device having a receiving cavity connected to the air inlet pipeline assembly, the receiving cavity being configured to receive an adsorbent material, the adsorbent material being configured to adsorb gas or desorb gas from the adsorbent material to separate the gas; A temperature regulating device, connected to the separation device, configured to regulate the ambient temperature within the containment cavity; A pressure regulating device, connected to the separation device, is configured to regulate the ambient pressure within the containment cavity.

2. The gas separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation device includes at least two separation components, which are connected in parallel to the air intake pipeline assembly, the temperature regulating device, and the pressure regulating device. Each separation component has the receiving cavity.

3. The gas separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The separation component includes: A separator, the interior of which forms the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being connected to the intake pipe assembly and the pressure regulating device respectively; A jacket is attached to the outer surface of the separator and forms a heat exchange cavity, which is connected to the temperature regulating device and is configured to contain the heat exchange medium.

4. The gas separation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature regulating device includes: A cooling component, which is connected to the heat exchange chamber, is configured to cool the heat exchange medium. A heating component is connected in parallel with the cooling component in the heat exchange chamber, and the heating component is configured to heat the heat exchange medium.

5. The gas separation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes a cooling pipeline, a cooler, and a refrigeration storage unit, wherein the cooler, the refrigeration storage unit, and the heat exchange chamber are sequentially connected through the cooling pipeline; and / or The heating assembly includes a heating pipeline, a heater, and a heat storage tank, wherein the heater, the heat storage tank, and the heat exchange chamber are connected in sequence through the heating pipeline.

6. The gas separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake piping assembly includes an intake pipe, an intake power component, and a flow controller. The intake pipe communicates with the receiving cavity of the separation device. The intake power component and the flow controller are disposed on the intake pipe; and / or The pressure regulating device includes a pressure regulating pipeline and a pressure regulator, and the pressure regulator is connected to the receiving cavity of the separation device through the pressure regulating pipeline.

7. The gas separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas separation system also includes a vacuum pumping device, which includes a vacuum pumping pipeline and a vacuum pumping power component. The vacuum pumping power component is connected to the receiving cavity of the separation device through the vacuum pumping pipeline.

8. The gas separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas separation system further includes an exhaust assembly, which includes a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe. The first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the receiving cavity of the separation device. The first exhaust pipe is configured to discharge the remaining gas in the receiving cavity when the adsorbent material adsorbs gas, and the second exhaust pipe is configured to discharge the desorbed gas in the receiving cavity when the gas desorbs from the adsorbent material.

9. The gas separation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gas separation system further includes a flow detector and / or a gas concentration detector, wherein the flow detector and / or the gas concentration detector are disposed on the first exhaust pipe and / or the second exhaust pipe.

10. A gas separation method, characterized in that, The gas separation method includes the following steps: Gas is introduced into the housing cavity of the separation device through the air inlet pipe assembly so that the gas comes into contact with the adsorbent material in the housing cavity. The ambient temperature inside the containment cavity is adjusted by a temperature regulating device; The environmental pressure within the containment cavity is adjusted using a pressure regulating device; Based on changes in temperature and pressure, the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent material within the containment cavity or the gas is desorbed from the adsorbent material to separate the gas.

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