Automatic boring clamping system of production line and machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and provides an automatic boring and clamping system for a production line and a machine tool, and the automatic boring and clamping system for the production line comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism used for positioning and clamping a workpiece; the workpiece clamping mechanism is provided with a clamping space and a feeding and discharging opening used for feeding and discharging workpieces into and out of the clamping space. The cutter template mechanism comprises a cutter fixing template and a movable boring die frame; the cutter fixing template is connected to the workpiece clamping mechanism; the movable boring die frame can move so as to be matched with or separated from the feeding and discharging ports; cutter guide sleeves are arranged on the cutter fixing template and the movable boring die frame and are used for allowing cutters to pass through so as to support and limit the positions of the cutters; and the driving mechanism is used for driving the movable boring die frame to move. By means of the arrangement, interference generated during automatic feeding and discharging of the tool guide sleeve and the workpiece can be effectively avoided, frequent manual adjustment is not needed, automatic clamping and machining of the large workpiece can be achieved easily, positioning and machining precision is ensured, efficiency is improved, and labor cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a production line automatic boring clamping system and machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of modern manufacturing, with the increasingly fierce market competition, enterprises need to improve production efficiency and optimize cost structure to enhance core competitiveness in order to achieve sustainable development. As the key link of enterprise production operation, the automation level of production line directly affects production efficiency and cost control. Realizing equipment line processing and automatic conveying has become an inevitable trend of manufacturing development. Large workpiece fine boring processing is an important process in the field of mechanical manufacturing, especially in the industries of large vehicles, ships, engineering machinery, etc. The machining quality of large workpieces such as engine cylinder blocks plays a decisive role in equipment performance. For example, the machining precision and position degree of the crankshaft hole and camshaft hole of the engine cylinder block are extremely high, which directly affects the power output, fuel economy and service life of the engine, and is the core process of engine cylinder block manufacturing.

[0003] However, there are significant technical problems in large workpiece fine boring processing. Due to the large size of the parts and long hole distance, the tool is prone to vibration during processing, resulting in poor stability. In order to ensure machining accuracy, one feasible way is to add tool guide sleeve. However, the arrangement of tool guide sleeve and automatic conveying and processing of workpiece have significant contradictions, which brings great difficulty to the automatic conveying and processing of workpiece. Since the arrangement of tool guide sleeve occupies the clamping space of workpiece, it is easy to interfere with the conveying equipment and workpiece feeding and unloading during automatic conveying and processing, which makes it difficult to realize automatic conveying and processing.

[0004] Therefore, the current large workpiece multi-axis boring machining mainly adopts manual adjustment for clamping. However, manual adjustment clamping has many drawbacks. On the one hand, the clamping efficiency is low, which cannot meet the rhythm requirements of large-scale automatic production. On the other hand, manual operation is easily affected by human factors, resulting in inaccurate positioning of workpieces, which is difficult to ensure the consistency of machining accuracy and further affects the stability of product quality. In addition, manual adjustment clamping also has the problems of high labor intensity and high labor cost, which is contrary to the development trend of automation and intelligentization of modern manufacturing. In view of the above problems, how to reduce interference and realize automatic clamping and processing of large workpieces to ensure positioning and machining accuracy has become an important issue to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0005] This invention provides an automated boring and clamping system and machine tool for production lines, which solves the problem that interference makes it difficult to achieve automated clamping and machining of large workpieces in the prior art. It can avoid interference, facilitate the automated clamping and machining of large workpieces, and ensure positioning and machining accuracy.

[0006] This invention provides an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line, comprising: A workpiece clamping mechanism is used to position and clamp a workpiece; the workpiece clamping mechanism is provided with a clamping space and loading / unloading ports for the workpiece to enter and exit the clamping space. The tool template mechanism includes a tool fixing template and a movable boring die holder; the tool fixing template is connected to the workpiece clamping mechanism; the movable boring die holder can move to cooperate with or separate from the loading and unloading ports; both the tool fixing template and the movable boring die holder are provided with tool guide sleeves for the tool to pass through to support and limit the position of the tool; The drive mechanism has its output end connected to the movable boring die frame and is used to drive the movable boring die frame to move.

[0007] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism includes: The support base forms the clamping space; A positioning component, disposed on the support base, is used to position the workpiece in the clamping space; A clamping assembly, disposed on the support base, is used to clamp and fix the workpiece within the clamping space.

[0008] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line includes a support base with a support surface for providing support for the workpiece; the positioning component includes: A fixed positioning pin, the end of which protrudes above the support surface; The automatic positioning pin has an end that can extend above or retract below the support surface.

[0009] According to the present invention, an automated boring and clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the automatic positioning pin includes: A pin is connected to the support base and can slide along its own axis; The first driving component has a driving end connected to the pin body, used to drive the pin body to slide. A locking structure is provided between the pin and the support base to lock the pin when the sliding formation of the pin meets the requirements.

[0010] According to the present invention, an automated boring machine clamping system for production lines includes a locking structure comprising: A clamping sleeve is connected to the support base and can be tightened or loosened radially; the pin passes through the clamping sleeve. An inductive switch is used to detect the travel of the pin, and when the travel of the pin reaches a set value, it controls the clamping sleeve to tighten radially to lock the pin.

[0011] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the positioning component further includes a positioning block disposed at the bottom of the clamping space; The side of the positioning block facing the loading and unloading ports is the positioning surface, and the positioning block integrates a positioning surface air detection and air blowing unit.

[0012] An automated boring machine clamping system for a production line according to the present invention further includes a guide structure; The guide structure is disposed at the bottom of the clamping space and forms a guide groove in the clamping space to adapt to the bottom size and shape of the workpiece.

[0013] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the clamping assembly includes: The support is fixedly connected to the support base; The pressure plate has one end close to the feed inlet / outlet, which is the pressing end, and the other end is the connecting end. The pressure plate is hinged to the support, and the hinge point is located between the pressing end and the connecting end. The second driving component is connected to the connecting end and is used to drive the pressure plate to swing around the hinge point.

[0014] According to the present invention, an automated boring and clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the pressing end is bent away from the loading and unloading ports, so that when the pressing end is lifted, it avoids the loading and unloading ports.

[0015] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism further includes: The material rack can be raised and lowered in the direction of the upper and lower material inlets; A lifting assembly is used to drive the material rack to lift.

[0016] According to the present invention, an automated boring machine clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the lifting assembly includes: The drive shaft is arranged in one of the directions perpendicular to the orientation of the upper and lower feed ports, and is rotatably connected to the support base; The transmission gear is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft; A transmission rack is arranged along the orientation of the upper and lower material inlets, and the transmission rack is connected to the material rack and meshes with the transmission gear. A drive structure for driving the transmission shaft to rotate.

[0017] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the drive structure includes: The drive gear is connected to the drive shaft; The active rack meshes with the active gear; Drive cylinder a is fixedly connected to the support base, and its output end is connected to one end of the drive rack; Drive cylinder b is fixedly connected to the support base, and its output end is located at the other end of the active rack.

[0018] According to the present invention, an automated boring and clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the drive cylinder a and / or the drive cylinder b are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the orientation of the loading and unloading ports.

[0019] An automated boring machine clamping system for a production line according to the present invention further includes a push-back clearance elimination component; The push-and-close clearance elimination assembly has an elastically extendable push-and-close end, which is used to elastically push against the side of the workpiece to eliminate the mating clearance between the positioning assembly and the workpiece.

[0020] According to the present invention, an automated boring machine clamping system for a production line includes a push-back clearance elimination component comprising: The base body is fixedly connected to the support base; The pusher is fixedly connected to the base body; A push sleeve is slidably connected to the base; one end of the push sleeve is fixedly connected to the output end of the pusher, and the other end is provided with an opening; A push rod is slidably engaged with the push sleeve; one end of the push rod is confined within the push sleeve, and the other end protrudes through an opening at the end of the push sleeve. An elastic element is used to provide a preload force for the push rod to pass through the opening at the end of the push sleeve.

[0021] According to the present invention, an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the elastic element includes a spring; The spring is disposed inside the push sleeve, and one end of the spring abuts against the push rod, and the other end abuts against the closed end of the push sleeve.

[0022] According to the present invention, an automated boring clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the push-back clearance elimination assembly further includes a detection switch and a lubrication unit. According to the present invention, in an automated boring machining clamping system for a production line, the tool guide sleeve on the tool fixing template is a first guide sleeve; The first guide sleeve is fixedly connected to a bearing, the inner ring of which is used for the cutting tool to pass through; it also includes a locking mechanism for limiting the rotation of the inner ring of the bearing.

[0023] According to the present invention, an automated boring machine clamping system for a production line is provided, wherein the fixed template is provided with a positioning hole penetrating the first guide sleeve and the outer ring of the bearing; the locking mechanism includes: A limiting pin is inserted into the positioning hole and slides in cooperation with the positioning hole; A driving component is used to drive the limiting pin to slide.

[0024] According to the present invention, an automated boring machine clamping system for production lines is provided, wherein a zero-point positioning system is provided between the movable boring die holder and the workpiece clamping mechanism.

[0025] The present invention also provides a machine tool, including the automated boring and clamping system for production lines provided in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0026] The automated boring and clamping system and machine tool provided by this invention, through the cooperation of the tool fixing template and the movable boring die holder, can provide support and limit the tool when machining long holes in large workpieces, avoid tool vibration, and ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Moreover, the tool guide sleeve on the movable boring die holder does not occupy the clamping space on the workpiece clamping mechanism. That is to say, before clamping and unloading, it is only necessary to use the drive mechanism to separate and avoid the loading and unloading ports of the movable boring die holder and the workpiece clamping mechanism to carry out normal clamping and unloading work. This avoids interference during automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, eliminates the need for frequent manual adjustments, facilitates the automated clamping and machining of large workpieces, ensures positioning and machining accuracy, improves efficiency, and reduces labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the automated boring and clamping system for production lines provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the automated boring and clamping system for production lines provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the workpiece clamping mechanism provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the workpiece clamping mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic positioning pin provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the push-and-close gap-eliminating component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure label: 10. Workpiece clamping mechanism; 11. Support base; 12. Positioning assembly; 121. Fixed positioning pin; 122. Automatic positioning pin; 1221. Pin body; 1222. First driving component; 1223. Clamping sleeve; 1224. Inductive switch; 123. Positioning block; 13. Pressing assembly; 131. Support; 132. Pressure plate; 133. Second driving component; 14. Push-and-reject assembly; 141. Base; 142. Pushing component; 143. Push sleeve; 144. Push rod; 145. Elastic component; 146. Detection switch; 147. Lubrication unit; 15. Material rack; 16. Lifting... Lowering component; 161, drive shaft; 162, drive gear; 163, drive rack; 164, drive gear; 165, drive cylinder a; 166, drive rack; 167, drive cylinder b; 168, guide structure; 20, tool template mechanism; 21, tool fixing template; 211, first guide sleeve; 212, bearing; 22, movable boring die holder; 221, second guide sleeve; 23, locking mechanism; 231, limit pin; 232, third drive component; 30, drive mechanism; 31, linear drive module; 32, lifting drive module; 33, zero-point positioning system; 40, workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0039] To better understand the automated boring and clamping system and machine tool for production lines provided by this invention, we first introduce its application background. With increasingly fierce market competition, automated assembly line processing and automated conveying have become an inevitable trend in the manufacturing industry. Precision boring of large workpieces is an important process in the field of mechanical manufacturing; however, significant technical challenges exist in precision boring of large workpieces.

[0040] In precision boring of large workpieces, due to the large size of the parts and the long hole spacing, the tool is prone to vibration during the machining process, resulting in poor stability. Although adding a tool guide sleeve can ensure accuracy, the arrangement of the tool guide sleeve will occupy the clamping space of the workpiece. In automated conveying machining, it is very easy to interfere with the conveying equipment and the loading and unloading of workpieces, making it difficult to realize automated conveying machining.

[0041] Therefore, current multi-axis boring of large workpieces mainly employs manual clamping. However, manual clamping has many drawbacks. On the one hand, clamping efficiency is low, failing to meet the cycle time requirements of large-scale automated production; on the other hand, manual operation is susceptible to human factors, leading to inaccurate workpiece positioning and difficulty in ensuring consistent machining accuracy, thus affecting product quality stability. Furthermore, manual clamping also suffers from high labor intensity and high labor costs, contradicting the trend of automation and intelligentization in modern manufacturing. In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an automated boring and clamping system and machine tool for production lines, which can reduce interference, facilitate the automated clamping and processing of large workpieces, and ensure positioning and processing accuracy.

[0042] The following is combined Figures 1 to 9 This invention describes an automated boring and clamping system and machine tool for production lines.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 An automated boring machine clamping system for a production line includes a workpiece clamping mechanism 10, a tool template mechanism 20, and a drive mechanism 30. The workpiece clamping mechanism 10 is used to position and clamp a workpiece 40, and has a clamping space and loading / unloading ports for the workpiece 40 to enter and exit the clamping space. The tool template mechanism 20 includes a tool fixing template 21 and a movable boring die holder 22; the tool fixing template 21 is connected to the workpiece clamping mechanism 10; the movable boring die holder 22 is movable to engage or disengage from the loading / unloading ports of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10; both the tool fixing template 21 and the movable boring die holder 22 are provided with tool guide sleeves for the tool to pass through, supporting and restricting the tool's position. The output end of the drive mechanism 30 is connected to the movable boring die holder 22 and is used to drive the movable boring die holder 22 to move.

[0044] In actual boring of the large workpiece 40, the large workpiece 40 is first positioned and clamped on the workpiece clamping mechanism 10. Then, under the action of the drive mechanism 30, the moving boring die 22 moves and engages with the loading and unloading ports of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10. The tool fixing template 21 and the tool guide sleeve on the moving boring die 22 allow the tool to pass through, supporting and restricting the position of the tool, effectively avoiding tool vibration during the machining of long holes in the large workpiece 40, and ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece 40. After machining, under the action of the drive mechanism 30, the moving boring die 22 moves to separate from the loading and unloading ports, avoiding affecting the unloading of the workpiece 40.

[0045] Compared to related technologies, the tool fixing template 21 and the movable boring die 22 work together to provide support and limit the tool when machining long holes in large workpieces 40, avoid tool vibration, and ensure the machining accuracy of workpieces 40. Moreover, the tool guide sleeve on the movable boring die 22 does not occupy the clamping space on the workpiece clamping mechanism 10. That is to say, before clamping and unloading, the movable boring die 22 only needs to be separated from the loading and unloading ports of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10 by the drive mechanism 30 to avoid interference when the workpieces 40 are automatically loaded and unloaded. Frequent manual adjustments are not required, which is conducive to the automated clamping and machining of large workpieces 40, ensures positioning and machining accuracy, improves efficiency, and reduces labor costs.

[0046] The following section will provide a detailed explanation of each component or mechanism in the automated boring and clamping system of the production line, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The workpiece clamping mechanism 10 includes a support base 11, a positioning component 12, and a clamping component 13. The support base 11 forms the foundation of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10 and provides installation positions and support for each component. The positioning component 12 is disposed on the support base 11 and is used to position the workpiece 40 in the clamping space. The clamping component 13 is disposed on the support base 11 and is used to clamp and fix the workpiece 40 in the clamping space.

[0048] Understandably, the positioning component 12 and the clamping component 13 can be configured with different structural forms depending on different actual needs. For example, the positioning component 12 usually adopts a pin and hole insertion method, and can adopt a workpiece falling pin type or an automatic pin type after the workpiece falls, mainly considering the reliability of the pin; while the clamping component 13 can adopt a structure form of clamping the side feature structure of the workpiece 40 or clamping the top, mainly considering the coincidence of the positioning and clamping points to ensure reliable clamping.

[0049] In one example of the present invention, a support surface is formed on the support base 11 for providing support for the workpiece 40; the positioning component 12 includes a fixed positioning pin 121 and an automatic positioning pin 122; wherein, the end of the fixed positioning pin 121 protrudes above the support surface; the end of the automatic positioning pin 122 can extend above the support surface or retract below the support surface.

[0050] In detail, during actual processing, it may be necessary to deal with workpieces 40 of different types and specifications. The number and position of pin holes on different workpieces 40 are not exactly the same. To address the differences in the number and position of pin holes caused by the different specifications and types of workpieces 40, a combination of fixed positioning pins 121 and automatic positioning pins 122 can be used to achieve efficient adaptation. In other words, the fixed positioning pins 121 are set based on the common positioning requirements of all workpieces 40, and their positions remain unchanged, providing a unified basic positioning reference for all types of workpieces 40 and ensuring the stability of the initial positioning. The automatic positioning pins 122 are designed for the individual positioning requirements of different workpieces 40. The automatic positioning pins 122 corresponding to their additional pin holes extend to supplement the constraints, while those without corresponding pin holes retract to avoid interference. Thus, without changing the tooling, positioning accuracy and compatibility are taken into account, production changeover costs are reduced, and processing efficiency is improved.

[0051] In detail, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fixed positioning pin 121 can be an existing cylindrical pin, which can be connected to the support base 11 by welding or threaded connection. The automatic positioning pin 122 includes a pin body 1221, a first driving member 1222, and a locking structure; wherein, the pin body 1221 is connected to the support base 11 and can slide along its own axis; the driving end of the first driving member 1222 is connected to the pin body 1221 and is used to drive the pin body 1221 to slide; the locking structure is disposed between the pin body 1221 and the support base 11 and is used to lock the pin body 1221 when the sliding stroke of the pin body 1221 meets the requirements. With this configuration, when positioning and clamping the workpiece 40, the fixed positioning pin 121 is first inserted into the pin hole of the workpiece 40 to provide initial positioning. Then, under the drive of the first driving member 1222, the pin body 1221 extends and is inserted into the corresponding pin hole of the workpiece 40. When the pin body 1221 is inserted into the position, the locking structure locks the pin body 1221, ensuring that the relative position between the pin body 1221 and the workpiece 40 does not change after positioning is completed, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0052] More specifically, the first driving component 1222 can be any type of linear driving element, including hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and electric cylinders, as long as it can drive the pin body 1221 to move to achieve the engagement of the automatic positioning pin 122 with the pin hole on the workpiece 40.

[0053] In a further example of the present invention, the locking structure includes a clamping sleeve 1223 and a sensor switch 1224; wherein, the clamping sleeve 1223 is connected to the support base 11 and can be tightened or loosened radially, and a pin 1221 passes through the clamping sleeve 1223; the sensor switch 1224 is used to detect the stroke of the pin 1221, and when the stroke of the pin 1221 reaches a set value, it controls the clamping sleeve 1223 to tighten radially, thereby locking the pin 1221. The specific structural form of the clamping sleeve 1223 can refer to the existing self-centering hydraulic clamp, and will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] In a further example of the present invention, the positioning component 12 further includes a positioning block 123 disposed at the bottom of the clamping space. The side of the positioning block 123 facing the loading and unloading port of the positioning space is the positioning surface. The positioning block 123 integrates a positioning surface air detection and blowing unit. With this configuration, air is blown into the gap between the positioning surface and the workpiece 40 by the air detection and blowing unit. Combined with the air pressure sensor to detect changes in air pressure, if the object is positioned accurately, the gap is closed and the air pressure is stable; if there is a deviation or foreign matter, the air pressure will fluctuate abnormally, thereby achieving non-contact rapid detection. At the same time, the air jet can clean the positioning surface and the bottom of the workpiece 40 of cutting fluid, iron filings and other impurities before and after positioning, ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0055] The positioning component 12 with the above structure can achieve precise positioning of workpiece 40 in the positioning space. However, for high-precision machining, even if the machining process is very fine, there will still be a small amount of fit gap between workpiece 40 and positioning component 12. The fit gap will affect the machining accuracy and workpiece accuracy consistency of subsequent production line continuous machining.

[0056] Therefore, referring to Figure 6 In a further example of the present invention, the workpiece clamping mechanism 10 further includes a push-and-close clearance elimination component 14. The push-and-close clearance elimination component 14 has a push-and-close end that can elastically push against the side of the workpiece 40 to eliminate the fitting clearance between the positioning component 12 and the workpiece 40. With this configuration, after the positioning component 12 positions the workpiece 40, the push-and-close clearance elimination component 14 pushes against the side of the workpiece 40, causing the fixed positioning pin 121 and the automatic positioning pin 122 to press against the inner wall of the pin hole on the workpiece 40, eliminating the minute clearance between the workpiece 40 and the positioning pin, ensuring machining accuracy. At the same time, the elastic push-and-close method avoids damage to the components caused by rigid contact.

[0057] In detail, the push-back gap elimination assembly 14 includes a base 141, a pusher 142, a push sleeve 143, a push rod 144, and an elastic element 145; wherein, the base 141 is fixedly connected to the support base 11; the pusher 142 is fixedly connected to the base 141; the push sleeve 143 is slidably connected to the base 141, one end of the push sleeve 143 is fixedly connected to the output end of the pusher 142, and the other end is provided with an opening; the push rod 144 is slidably engaged with the push sleeve 143, one end of the push rod 144 is confined inside the push sleeve 143, and the other end protrudes through the opening at the end of the push sleeve 143; the elastic element 145 is used to provide a preload force for the push rod 144 to protrude through the opening at the end of the push sleeve 143. With this configuration, after the positioning component 12 positions the workpiece 40, the push sleeve 143 moves toward the side of the workpiece 40 under the drive of the pusher 142, the push rod 144 presses against the workpiece 40, and the elastic element 145 undergoes elastic deformation, so that the push rod 144 and the workpiece 40 are elastically pressed together. Under the elastic force of the elastic element 145, the positioning pin is pressed against the inner wall of the pin hole on the workpiece 40, eliminating the fit clearance.

[0058] More specifically, the opening at the end of the push sleeve 143 can be configured as a stepped hole, and a limiting ring can be provided at one end of the push rod 144 located inside the push sleeve 143. The limiting ring is pressed against the stepped surface of the stepped hole, thereby restricting the end of the push rod 144 within the push sleeve 143. The elastic element 145 can be a spring, which is disposed inside the push sleeve 143. One end of the spring abuts against the push rod 144, and the other end abuts against the closed end of the push sleeve 143. The spring is always in a compressed state, thereby providing preload force for the push rod 144. The pushing element 142 can be any form of linear drive element, including hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and electric cylinders. No specific limitations are made in this embodiment of the invention.

[0059] In a further example of the present invention, the push-and-close clearance elimination assembly 14 further includes a detection switch 146 and a lubrication unit 147; wherein, the detection switch 146 is used to detect the stroke of the pusher 142, and when the stroke of the pusher 142 reaches a set value, it controls the pusher 142 to stop running to ensure that the push-and-close is in place; the lubrication unit 147 is used to provide lubricating oil to the sliding gap between the seat 141 and the push sleeve 143 to ensure that the push-and-close action is smooth.

[0060] Through the above technical solution, after the positioning component 12 positions the workpiece 40, the push-and-close clearance elimination component 14 pushes against the side of the workpiece 40 to eliminate the slight gap between the workpiece 40 and the positioning pin. Then, the clamping component 13 clamps and fixes the workpiece 40 to ensure the accuracy of the workpiece 40 positioning.

[0061] Reference Figure 7The clamping assembly 13 is disposed on the side of the support base 11, and includes a support 131, a pressure plate 132, and a second driving member 133. The support 131 is fixedly connected to the support base 11. One end of the pressure plate 132 is relatively close to the loading and unloading ports, forming a pressing end, and the other end is a connecting end. The pressure plate 132 is hinged to the support 131, and the hinge point is located between the pressing end and the connecting end. The second driving member 133 is connected to the connecting end and is used to drive the pressure plate 132 to swing around the hinge point. With this configuration, after the workpiece 40 is positioned, the second driving member 133 drives the connecting end of the pressure plate 132 to move, causing the pressing end of the pressure plate 132 to rotate around the hinge point and press against the workpiece 40, thereby achieving the positioning of the workpiece 40.

[0062] In some optional examples, the second driving element 133 can be any form of linear drive element such as a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder. The output end of the second driving element 133 and the connection end of the pressure plate 132 can also be connected in various feasible ways. For example, one end of the second driving element 133 can be hinged to the support base 11, and the other end can be hinged to the connection end of the pressure plate 132, thereby enabling the second driving element 133 to drive the pressure plate 132 to rotate around the hinge point. Of course, the output end of the second driving element 133 and the connection end of the pressure plate 132 can also be connected by a connecting rod. These are not all listed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0063] In a further example of the present invention, the pressing end of the pressure plate 132 is bent away from the loading and unloading ports, so that when the pressing end is lifted, it avoids the loading and unloading ports. This configuration allows the bent shape to naturally create clearance space for the loading and unloading ports when the pressing end is lifted, avoiding problems that may occur with traditional straight pressing ends. For example, the workpiece 40 may collide or scrape against the lifted pressing end during loading and unloading, or the loading and unloading path may be restricted due to the space occupied by the pressing end. This eliminates the risk of interference, ensuring that the loading and unloading process of the workpiece 40 can proceed continuously and without obstruction. This improves operational efficiency and reduces potential damage to the workpiece 40 or equipment failure due to collisions, providing a guarantee for the smoothness and safety of the production process.

[0064] The positioning component 12 and clamping component 13 described above enable precise positioning and fixing of the workpiece 40 in the positioning space. However, in practical applications, it has been found that the workpiece 40 is currently unloaded by direct gripping during the positioning and clamping process. This unloading method not only increases the stroke of conveying devices such as trusses, increases the overall height of the equipment, and creates interference points, but may also cause a "clamping" phenomenon due to the conveying error of the workpiece 40, making it difficult to guarantee the reliability of the workpiece 40 conveying.

[0065] To address the aforementioned issues, in a further example of the present invention, the automated boring and clamping system for the production line further includes a material rack 15 and a lifting assembly 16. The material rack 15 can move upwards and downwards in the direction of the loading and unloading ports; the lifting assembly 16 drives the material rack 15 to move upwards and downwards. With this configuration, when clamping the workpiece 40, the workpiece 40 is first placed on the material rack 15, and then the material rack 15 descends into position under the drive of the lifting assembly 16. Compared to the traditional gripping-type unloading, this effectively reduces the "clamping" problem caused by the workpiece 40 swaying and shifting. Furthermore, when inserting the cutting tool, the material rack 15 can also drive the workpiece 40 to move upwards and downwards, avoiding the cutting tool and improving the reliability of the conveying and positioning.

[0066] It is understandable that the lifting assembly 16 can be configured in different structural forms according to different needs. For example, the lifting assembly 16 can adopt any form of linear drive element, including cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, and electric cylinders.

[0067] However, although a single linear drive element has a relatively simple structure, it occupies a lot of space when it is arranged. Taking a cylinder as an example, the arrangement space of the cylinder needs to accommodate at least twice the stroke of its piston rod, which is not conducive to the compact design of the equipment.

[0068] Therefore, referring to Figure 8 In a further example of the present invention, the lifting assembly 16 includes a drive shaft 161, a drive gear 162, a drive rack 163, and a drive structure; wherein, the drive shaft 161 is arranged along one of the directions perpendicular to the upper and lower material inlets and is rotatably connected to the support base 11, more specifically, the drive shaft 161 can be arranged along the longitudinal direction of the support base 11; the drive gear 162 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 161 so that it can rotate with the drive shaft 161; the drive rack 163 is arranged along the orientation of the upper and lower material inlets, the drive rack 163 is connected to the material rack 15 and meshes with the drive gear 162; the drive structure is used to drive the drive shaft 161 to rotate.

[0069] With this configuration, the drive structure drives the transmission shaft 161 to rotate, the transmission shaft 161 drives the transmission gear 162 to rotate, and the transmission gear 162 drives the rack to move along its own length direction, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the material rack 15. Compared with traditional linear drive components, it can reduce the requirements for layout space and make the structure of the equipment more compact.

[0070] In detail, to ensure the stable movement of the material rack 15, two or more drive shafts 161 can be arranged. These drive shafts 161 are symmetrically arranged around the centerline of the material rack 15's length. Each drive shaft 161 can be equipped with two or more drive gears 162, which are symmetrically arranged around the midpoint of the drive shaft 161's length. Correspondingly, the number and arrangement of the drive racks 163 can be adapted to the drive gears 162. This symmetrical layout achieves force balance, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the material rack 15's lifting and lowering.

[0071] In addition, a guide component that cooperates with a guide shaft and a guide sleeve can be set. For example, a guide shaft is arranged in the direction of movement of the material rack 15, and a guide sleeve is fixed on the material rack 15. The material rack 15 is restricted and guided by the sliding cooperation of the guide shaft and the guide sleeve, thereby further improving the stability of the lifting of the material rack 15.

[0072] In some optional examples of this invention, the drive structure can employ a rotary drive element, such as a motor or a combination of a motor and a reducer. Alternatively, it can employ a linear drive element in conjunction with a transmission conversion mechanism to convert linear motion into rotary motion. The specific design can be tailored to actual requirements.

[0073] For ease of control, in a further example of the present invention, the drive structure includes a drive gear 164, a drive cylinder a165, a drive rack 166, and a drive cylinder b167; wherein, the drive gear 164 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft 161; the drive rack 166 is arranged laterally along the support base 11 and meshes with the drive gear 164; the drive cylinder a165 is fixedly connected to the support base 11 and its output end is connected to one end of the drive rack 166; the drive cylinder b167 is fixedly connected to the support base 11 and its output end is located at the other end of the drive rack 166.

[0074] It is important to clarify here that although both drive cylinders a165 and b167 can drive the material rack 15 to rise and fall, they play different roles in automated production. Drive cylinder a165 drives the material rack 15 to move the workpiece 40 up and down. Due to factors such as load inertia, it usually moves directly to the desired position without interruption during the intermediate stroke to ensure efficient flow. Drive cylinder b167, on the other hand, drives the material rack 15 to rise and fall during machining preparation and after machining, and avoids the cutting tool when the boring bar is inserted and withdrawn. The two work together to ensure continuous and stable production.

[0075] In addition, when the drive cylinder b167 adjusts the position of the workpiece 40 to avoid the tool, the drive cylinder a165 is unloaded to ensure the smooth movement of the active rack 166.

[0076] The lifting assembly 16 with the above structure can improve the reliability of workpiece 40 conveying and positioning, and at the same time realize the rational use of space, making the equipment have a more compact structure.

[0077] In a further example of the present invention, the lifting assembly 16 further includes a guide structure 168; the guide structure 168 is disposed at the bottom of the clamping space and forms a guide groove within the clamping space for adapting to the bottom size and shape of the workpiece 40. With this configuration, the guide structure 168 can limit and guide the workpiece 40, ensuring the conveying accuracy of the workpiece 40 and further improving the stability and reliability of the workpiece 40's conveying and positioning.

[0078] In detail, the guide structure 168 includes a plurality of guide posts or guide plates erected at the bottom of the clamping space, and guide grooves formed between the plurality of guide posts or guide plates.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, the workpiece 40 is accurately and stably clamped on the workpiece clamping mechanism 10. After clamping, the drive mechanism 30 is used to make the moving boring machine frame 22 cooperate with the loading and unloading ports of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10.

[0080] In one example of the present invention, the drive mechanism 30 includes a linear drive module 31 and a lifting drive module 32; wherein, the lifting drive module 32 is connected to the output end of the linear drive module 31; and the movable boring die holder 22 is connected to the output end of the lifting drive module 32. The linear drive module 31 is used to move the movable boring die holder 22 closer to or further away from the workpiece clamping mechanism 10, so that the movable boring die holder 22 corresponds to or avoids the loading and unloading ports of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10. The lifting drive module 32 is used to drive the movable boring die holder 22 to rise and fall, so that the movable boring die holder 22 engages with or disengages from the loading and unloading ports of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10.

[0081] In detail, the linear drive module 31 can be a combination of any type of linear drive element, including ball screws, electric cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and hydraulic cylinders, with a slide table. The lifting drive module 32 can be a linear drive element, including electric cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and hydraulic cylinders. No specific limitations are imposed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0082] In order to improve the fitting accuracy between the movable boring die holder 22 and the workpiece clamping mechanism 10, in a further example of the present invention, a zero-point positioning system 33 is provided between the movable boring die holder 22 and the workpiece clamping mechanism 10.

[0083] Specifically, the zero-point positioning system 33 typically consists of a pin (or block) and a hole (or clamping mechanism). When the two work together, they lock the relative position of the moving part (such as the moving boring die holder 22) and the fixed part (such as the workpiece clamping mechanism 10) on a preset "zero-point" reference, eliminating accumulated errors and ensuring consistent positional accuracy after each clamping or movement. As a commonly used positioning system in precision machining, its specific structure and working principle can be found in existing technologies, and will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment of the invention.

[0084] After the movable boring die holder 22 is engaged with the workpiece clamping mechanism 10, the cutting tool is inserted and moved from... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and 9 As can be seen, the tool fixing template 21 is connected to both ends of the workpiece clamping mechanism 10, and multiple tool guide sleeves are provided on it. The tool guide sleeve on the tool fixing template 21 is designated as the first guide sleeve 211, and the tool guide sleeve on the movable boring die holder 22 is designated as the second guide sleeve 221.

[0085] The second guide sleeve 221 can be an existing bushing. A bearing 212 is fixedly connected inside the first guide sleeve 211. The inner ring of the bearing 212 has a conformal guide sleeve whose contour matches the shape of the tool, allowing the tool to pass through. The conformal guide sleeve within the bearing 212 provides support for the tool, effectively improving the smoothness of tool rotation. When inserting the tool, to prevent tool rotation, a locking mechanism 23 is connected to the tool fixing template 21 to restrict the rotation of the inner ring of the bearing 212.

[0086] In detail, the tool fixing template 21 is provided with a positioning hole that passes through the first guide sleeve 211 and the outer ring of the bearing 212; the locking mechanism 23 includes a limit pin 231 and a third driving member 232; wherein, the limit pin 231 is inserted into the positioning hole and slides in cooperation with the positioning hole; the third driving member 232 is used to drive the limit pin 231 to slide, thereby pressing against or releasing the inner ring of the bearing 212, realizing the locking and unlocking of the inner ring of the bearing 212.

[0087] More specifically, the third driving component 232 can be any type of linear driving element, including hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and electric cylinders, as long as it can drive the limit pin 231 to slide and lock and unlock the inner ring of the bearing 212. No specific restrictions are imposed in this embodiment of the invention.

[0088] Finally, it should be further pointed out that the number and arrangement of the first guide sleeve 211 on the tool fixing template 21 and the number and arrangement of the second guide sleeve 221 on the moving boring die 22 need to be designed according to actual needs, such as the type and specifications of the workpiece 40. No specific restrictions are made in this embodiment of the invention.

[0089] It is understood that, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0090] The machine tool provided by the present invention is described below. The machine tool described below can be referred to in correspondence with the automated boring and clamping system for production lines described above.

[0091] A machine tool comprising the production line automated boring clamping system provided in any of the above examples.

[0092] The automated boring and clamping system and machine tool provided in this embodiment of the invention, through the cooperation of the tool fixing template 21 and the movable boring die 22, can provide support and limit the tool when machining long holes in large workpieces 40, avoid tool vibration, and ensure the machining accuracy of workpieces 40. Moreover, the tool guide sleeve on the movable boring die 22 does not occupy the clamping space on the workpiece clamping mechanism 10. That is to say, before clamping and unloading, it is only necessary to use the drive mechanism 30 to separate and avoid the loading and unloading ports of the movable boring die 22 and the workpiece clamping mechanism 10 to carry out normal clamping and unloading work, avoiding interference when the workpieces 40 are automatically loaded and unloaded, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments, which is conducive to realizing automated clamping and machining of large workpieces 40, ensuring positioning and machining accuracy, improving efficiency, and reducing labor costs.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated boring and clamping system for a production line, characterized in that, include: The workpiece clamping mechanism (10) is used to position and clamp the workpiece (40); the workpiece clamping mechanism (10) is provided with a clamping space and loading / unloading ports for the workpiece (40) to enter and exit the clamping space; The tool template mechanism (20) includes a tool fixing template (21) and a movable boring die frame (22); the tool fixing template (21) is connected to the workpiece clamping mechanism (10); the movable boring die frame (22) can move to cooperate with or separate from the loading and unloading ports; both the tool fixing template (21) and the movable boring die frame (22) are provided with tool guide sleeves for the tool to pass through to support and limit the position of the tool; The drive mechanism (30) has its output end connected to the movable boring die frame (22) and is used to drive the movable boring die frame (22) to move.

2. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece clamping mechanism (10) includes: The support base (11) has the clamping space described above; A positioning component (12) is disposed on the support base (11) for positioning the workpiece (40) in the clamping space; A clamping assembly (13) is disposed on the support base (11) for clamping and fixing the workpiece (40) within the clamping space.

3. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support base (11) has a support surface for providing support for the workpiece (40); the positioning assembly (12) includes: A fixed positioning pin (121) has its end protruding above the support surface; The automatic positioning pin (122) has an end that can extend above or retract below the support surface.

4. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The automatic positioning pin (122) includes: The pin (1221) is connected to the support (11) and can slide along its own axis; The first driving member (1222) has its driving end connected to the pin (1221) and is used to drive the pin (1221) to slide. A locking structure is provided between the pin (1221) and the support (11) for locking the pin (1221) when the sliding stroke of the pin (1221) meets the requirements.

5. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The workpiece clamping mechanism (10) further includes: The material rack (15) can be raised and lowered in the orientation of the upper and lower material inlets; Lifting assembly (16) is used to drive the material rack (15) to lift.

6. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (16) includes: The drive shaft (161) is arranged in one of the directions perpendicular to the orientation of the upper and lower feed ports and is rotatably connected to the support base (11). The transmission gear (162) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (161); A transmission rack (163) is arranged along the direction of the upper and lower feed inlets. The transmission rack (163) is connected to the feed rack (15) and meshes with the transmission gear (162). A drive structure for driving the transmission shaft (161) to rotate.

7. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving structure includes: A drive gear (164) is connected to the drive shaft (161); The active rack (166) meshes with the active gear (164); Drive cylinder a (165) is fixedly connected to the support base (11), and its output end is connected to one end of the active rack (166); The drive cylinder b (167) is fixedly connected to the support base (11), and its output end is located at the other end of the drive rack (166).

8. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a guide structure (168); The guide structure (168) is disposed at the bottom of the clamping space and forms a guide groove in the clamping space to adapt to the bottom size and shape of the workpiece (40).

9. The automated boring and clamping system for production lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a push-back gap elimination component (14); The push-to-eliminate assembly (14) has a push-to-eliminate end that can be elastically extended and retracted. The push-to-eliminate end is used to elastically push against the side of the workpiece (40) to eliminate the mating gap between the positioning assembly (12) and the workpiece (40).

10. A machine tool, characterized in that, Includes the automated boring and clamping system for production lines as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images