An automatic unloading device and method for camshaft machining

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic unloading device and method for camshaft machining, relating to the technical field of conveying devices for CNC machining. It includes a feeding mechanism mounted on a machine frame; the machine frame is equipped with a cam profile detection mechanism, a reference transmission control mechanism, and a camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism; the cam profile detection mechanism includes a detection roller, a detection shaft, and an infrared through-beam sensor. By setting up the cam profile detection mechanism, this invention utilizes the continuous contact between the detection roller and the entire length of the camshaft, combined with the detection shaft, sliding block, and infrared through-beam sensor, to detect changes in the camshaft profile in real time, calculating parameters such as shaft length, number of cams, and cam spacing. This solves the problems of low efficiency and error-proneness in existing technologies that rely on manual measurement of camshaft parameters, avoiding deviations in subsequent machining references due to inaccurate parameter measurements, improving the accuracy and efficiency of parameter acquisition before camshaft machining, and providing a reliable data foundation for precision machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of conveying devices for CNC machining, and particularly to an automatic unloading device and method for camshaft machining. Background Technology

[0002] As a core precision component controlling valve opening and closing timing, the camshaft requires extremely high precision in key indicators such as profile accuracy and base circle coaxiality. It typically requires CNC special machining processes such as CNC grinding and CNC milling to meet micron-level machining accuracy requirements. After CNC special machining, the camshaft needs to be transported from the machine tool to subsequent inspection and assembly processes via a dedicated unloading device. However, during transport, due to differences in the reference position of different camshaft specifications (such as shaft length, number of cams, cam spacing, and base circle diameter), direct transport to subsequent processes can easily lead to distorted inspection data or assembly misalignment due to reference deviations. Therefore, automatic reference calibration of the camshaft during transport is essential. However, existing camshaft unloading devices with reference calibration mechanisms still have the following shortcomings in use:

[0003] Existing automatic unloading devices, if they need to adapt to multiple specifications, often rely on manually changing clamping blocks and adjusting the spacing of conveyor guides, or only support a small range of specification adjustments. When the production line quickly switches camshaft specifications, the device faces a core problem: the positioning reference of the camshaft needs to be adjusted in real time according to the specification change, but the existing devices lack an automatic reference calibration mechanism based on cam profile recognition. If only the shaft length parameter is adjusted, the support point may deviate from the cam base circle due to the difference in cam spacing, causing the camshaft to use the cam tip as the support point during unloading, resulting in shaft tilting. If manual calibration is relied upon, the switching efficiency of the production line will be greatly reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an automatic unloading device and method for camshaft machining, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: an automatic unloading device for camshaft machining, comprising a frame and a feeding mechanism mounted on the frame, wherein the feeding mechanism includes an X-axis conveyor belt and a Y-axis conveying mechanism; both the X-axis conveyor belt and the Y-axis conveying mechanism are mounted on the frame; the X-axis conveyor belt is used to drive the camshaft to be conveyed along the X-axis; the Y-axis conveying mechanism is used to drive the camshaft to be conveyed along the Y-axis; the frame is provided with a cam profile detection mechanism, a reference transmission control mechanism, and a camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism; the cam profile detection mechanism includes: a detection roller and a detection shaft. The system includes an infrared beam sensor; a mounting bracket is mounted on the frame, a sliding block is slidably connected to the mounting bracket, a detection roller is rotatably connected to the sliding block around its axis, and the axis of the detection roller remains parallel to the axis of the camshaft; a first spring is provided between the mounting bracket and the sliding block; when the first spring loses its restraint, it drives the sliding block to move and reset; a detection shaft is located at the bottom of the sliding block; the infrared beam sensor is located on the mounting bracket; when the detection shaft moves up and down with the movement of the sliding block, the infrared beam sensor is used to detect the number of times the detection shaft moves up and down;

[0006] The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis direct drive slide for marking the camshaft reference positioning position; the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism is located at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt and is used to drive the X-axis direct drive slide to move in order to achieve camshaft reference positioning; the reference transmission control mechanism is located between the cam profile detection mechanism and the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism and is used to provide driving force for the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the reference transmission control mechanism includes a conveying pipe, a butterfly valve, a cylinder, and a piston; the cylinder is installed at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt, and an air storage tank is installed on the frame; the cylinder and the air storage tank are connected through the conveying pipe; the butterfly valve is located on the conveying pipe, and a detection rod is hinged to the end of the detection shaft; the detection rod is connected to the lever of the butterfly valve and is used to drive the butterfly valve to open and close; the piston is slidably connected to the cylinder; a pressure sensor is installed in the cylinder and is used to detect the pressure inside the cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a guide sleeve is coaxially provided on the cylinder body; the piston rod on the piston is coaxially inserted into the guide sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting hose is provided between the delivery pipe and the cylinder; when the cylinder moves relative to the gas storage tank, the connecting hose is used to maintain the connection between the cylinder and the gas storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism includes a push rod, a mounting base, and an X-axis direct drive sliding seat; one end of the push rod is connected to the piston rod of the piston, the mounting base is slidably connected to the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt via a first slide rail, and the length direction of the first slide rail is parallel to the conveying direction of the X-axis conveyor belt; the end of the push rod is connected to the mounting base; and the X-axis direct drive sliding seat is disposed on the mounting base.

[0011] Preferably, the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism further includes a Y-axis positioning mechanism; the Y-axis positioning mechanism is used to abut against the camshaft to position the Y-axis.

[0012] Preferably, the Y-axis positioning mechanism includes a connecting shaft, a mounting block, a positioning block, a guide shaft, a second spring, and a connecting rod; one end of the connecting shaft is fixed to the push rod, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the mounting base, with the connecting shaft slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove; a through hole is provided on the mounting base, and both the mounting block and the positioning block are slidably connected within the through hole; one end of the guide shaft is fixed to the mounting block, and the other end of the guide shaft is inserted into the positioning block; the mounting block and the positioning block are connected by the second spring.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting base is provided with a position locking mechanism; the position locking mechanism includes a cylinder, a limiting block, and a baffle; the cylinder is mounted on the mounting base, the limiting block is fixed to the output shaft of the cylinder, and the limiting block has a limiting groove adapted to the end of the push rod; one end of the push rod is hinged to the piston rod of the piston, and the other end of the push rod is inserted into the limiting groove; the limiting block has a misalignment opening communicating with the limiting groove; the baffle is located at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt; when the cylinder drives the limiting block to move, so that the end of the push rod is aligned with the misalignment opening, the limiting block abuts against the baffle.

[0014] Preferably, the frame is equipped with a controller, which is electrically connected to the infrared beam sensor, the air pressure sensor and the cylinder.

[0015] An automatic unloading method for camshaft machining, using the aforementioned automatic unloading device for camshaft machining; specifically including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, Cam Profile Detection: The camshaft is driven by the X-axis conveyor belt to be transported vertically along its axis, while the camshaft is driven horizontally by the Y-axis conveyor mechanism. Under the action of the first spring, the entire length of the camshaft is made to continuously contact the detection rollers. Utilizing the mechanical linkage of the detection rollers, sliding blocks, and detection shaft, the camshaft length is calculated by the contact time, and the number of cams is calculated by the number of up-and-down movements of the detection shaft and the time difference between the up-and-down movements of the cam spacing detection shaft. This is converted into a recognizable signal, and the number of up-and-down movements is recorded by an infrared beam sensor to complete the feature detection.

[0017] Step 2, Reference Transmission Control: The reference transmission control mechanism is adapted to multiple camshaft specifications to provide a power source for the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism to drive the X-axis direct drive slide to move to the target position;

[0018] Step 3, Reference Positioning Adjustment: The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism is used to move the X-axis direct drive slide block to the target position, thus completing the camshaft reference positioning.

[0019] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention, by setting up a cam profile detection mechanism, utilizes a detection roller that continuously contacts the entire length of the camshaft. Combined with a detection shaft, sliding block, and infrared photoelectric sensor, it detects changes in the camshaft profile in real time and calculates parameters such as shaft length, number of cams, and cam spacing. This solves the problems of low efficiency and error-proneness in existing technologies that rely on manual measurement of camshaft parameters. It avoids deviations in subsequent machining references due to inaccurate parameter measurements, improves the accuracy and efficiency of parameter acquisition before camshaft machining, and provides a reliable data foundation for precision machining.

[0021] This invention establishes a reference transmission control mechanism, in which the detection rod is linked to the butterfly valve. This mechanism converts the mechanical signal from the cam profile detection mechanism into butterfly valve opening adjustment, thereby precisely controlling the gas flow rate from the gas tank to the cylinder, changing the gas pressure inside the cylinder, and driving the piston to move. Compared with the traditional complex power transmission structure, this invention significantly simplifies the power transmission path, reduces the number of parts, lowers maintenance costs and the probability of failure, and can quickly and accurately adjust the driving force and piston stroke according to different camshaft specifications, enhancing the device's adaptability to multiple camshaft specifications.

[0022] This invention establishes a camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism and a Y-axis positioning mechanism. Based on the different driving forces provided by the reference transmission control mechanism for camshafts of different specifications, the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism achieves camshaft reference positioning. Furthermore, the Y-axis positioning mechanism allows the movement trajectory of the positioning block to be controlled through the cooperation of the connecting shaft and the arc-shaped slide groove. The guide shaft ensures the coaxiality of the mounting block and the positioning block, and the second spring provides elastic compensation. This ensures that after the X-axis direct-drive sliding seat moves to the target position, it can drive the positioning block to accurately and stably fit against the camshaft base circle, improving positioning stability. Simultaneously, it can adapt to camshafts with different base circle diameters, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments of the positioning components, further enhancing the accuracy and stability of camshaft reference positioning and the device's versatility for multiple camshaft specifications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after removing the feeding mechanism;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional enlarged schematic diagram of the cam profile detection mechanism, the reference transmission control mechanism, and the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional enlarged structural schematic diagram of the cam profile detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a partially cross-sectional, three-dimensional enlarged structural diagram of a portion of the reference transmission control mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a partially cross-sectional, enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional enlarged structural diagram of the limiting block of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. X-axis conveyor belt; 22. Y-axis conveyor mechanism; 221. Second slide rail; 222. Screw; 223. Motor; 3. Cam profile detection mechanism; 31. Mounting bracket; 32. Sliding block; 33. Detection roller; 34. First spring; 35. Detection shaft; 36. Detection rod; 4. Reference transmission control mechanism; 41. Conveying pipe; 42. Butterfly valve; 43. Connecting hose; 44. Cylinder; 45. Piston ; 46. Guide sleeve; 5. Camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism; 51. Push rod; 52. Mounting seat; 53. X-axis direct drive sliding seat; 54. Y-axis positioning mechanism; 541. Connecting shaft; 542. Arc-shaped slide groove; 543. Mounting block; 544. Positioning block; 545. Guide shaft; 546. Second spring; 547. Connecting rod; 6. Position locking mechanism; 61. Cylinder; 62. Limiting block; 63. Limiting groove; 64. Misalignment port; 65. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-6An automatic unloading device for camshaft machining is shown, comprising a frame 1 and a feeding mechanism 2 mounted on the frame 1. The feeding mechanism 2 includes an X-axis conveyor belt 21 and a Y-axis conveying mechanism 22. Both the X-axis conveyor belt 21 and the Y-axis conveying mechanism 22 are mounted on the frame 1. The X-axis conveyor belt 21 drives the camshaft to be conveyed along the X-axis; the Y-axis conveying mechanism 22 drives the camshaft to be conveyed along the Y-axis. A cam profile detection mechanism 3, a reference transmission control mechanism 4, and a camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 are mounted on the frame 1. The cam profile detection mechanism 3 includes a detection roller 33, a detection shaft 35, and an infrared beam sensor. A mounting frame 31 is mounted on the frame 1, and a sliding block 32 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 31. The detection roller 33 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 32 around its axis, and the axis of the detection roller 33 remains parallel to the axis of the camshaft. A first... Spring 34; when the first spring 34 loses its restraint, it drives the sliding block 32 to move and reset; detection shaft 35 is disposed at the bottom of the sliding block 32; infrared beam sensor is disposed on mounting bracket 31; it is understood that the infrared beam sensor is prior art and is not shown in the figure, so it will not be described in detail; when the detection shaft 35 moves up and down with the movement of the sliding block 32, the infrared beam sensor is used to detect the number of times the detection shaft 35 moves up and down; camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 includes X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 for marking the camshaft reference positioning position; camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 is disposed at the bottom of X-axis conveyor belt 21 and is used to drive X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 to move in order to achieve camshaft reference positioning; reference transmission control mechanism 4 is disposed between cam profile detection mechanism 3 and camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 and is used to provide driving force for camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5;

[0037] It is understood that this application does not limit the specific structure and installation method of the Y-axis conveying mechanism 22. The following only provides a feasible technical solution: The Y-axis conveying mechanism 22 includes a second slide rail 221, a screw 222 and a motor 223; The X-axis conveyor belt 21 is slidably connected to the frame 1 through the second slide rail 221, the motor 223 is installed on the frame 1, the screw 222 is coaxially connected to the output end of the motor 223, and a threaded seat is provided at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt 21, and the screw 222 is threaded into the threaded seat; The motor 223 drives the screw 222 to rotate around its axis, thereby driving the X-axis conveyor belt 21 to slide along the second slide rail 221.

[0038] It should be noted that the camshaft is conveyed horizontally along an inclined line by the combined transport of the X-axis conveyor belt 21 and the Y-axis conveyor mechanism 22. During the camshaft transport process, in its natural state, the top of the detection roller 33 is slightly higher than the bottom of the camshaft base circle. This causes the camshaft base circle to initially make slight contact with the detection roller 33 as it approaches. As the camshaft is transported, when the cam position of the camshaft contacts the detection roller 33, it will drive the detection roller 33 to move. At this time, it will drive the sliding block 32 to move down along the mounting bracket 31, and the detection shaft 35 will move down accordingly. Simultaneously, through the mounting... The infrared beam sensor on the frame 31 detects the number of up and down movements of the detection shaft 35 in real time. Combined with the conveying speed and time of the camshaft, the shaft length, number of cams and cam spacing of the camshaft are calculated. Then, the up and down movement of the detection shaft 35 drives the reference transmission control mechanism 4 to move, and the reference transmission control mechanism 4 provides a power source for the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5, so that the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 can drive the X-axis direct drive slide 53 to move to the target position. The target position is the reference position of the conveying camshaft, and the automatic calibration of the camshaft reference is completed.

[0039] The cam profile detection mechanism 3 utilizes the mechanical linkage between the detection roller 33, sliding block 32, and detection shaft 35, combined with an infrared through-beam sensor, to accurately detect the camshaft length, number of cams, and cam spacing. This eliminates the need for manual measurement and avoids errors caused by manual operation. The reference transmission control mechanism 4 works in conjunction with the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 to achieve automatic calibration of camshaft references for multiple specifications. This solves the problem of existing devices relying on manual replacement of clamping blocks or only supporting small-range specification adjustments. It avoids data distortion or assembly misalignment due to reference deviations, while significantly improving production line changeover efficiency. It also ensures that the camshaft always uses the cam base circle as a support point during transport, preventing shaft tilting.

[0040] Please see Figures 1-5 The reference transmission control mechanism 4 includes a conveying pipe 41, a butterfly valve 42, a cylinder 44, and a piston 45. The cylinder 44 is installed at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt 21, and an air tank is installed on the frame 1. The cylinder 44 and the air tank are connected through the conveying pipe 41. The butterfly valve 42 is located on the conveying pipe 41, and a detection rod 36 is hinged to the end of the detection shaft 35. The detection rod 36 is connected to the lever of the butterfly valve 42 and is used to drive the butterfly valve 42 to open and close. The piston 45 is slidably connected inside the cylinder 44. A pressure sensor is installed inside the cylinder 44 and is used to detect the pressure inside the cylinder 44. A guide sleeve 46 is coaxially installed on the cylinder 44. The piston rod on the piston 45 is coaxially inserted into the guide sleeve 46. Through the guiding action of the guide sleeve 46, the radial displacement of the piston rod of the piston 45 is effectively limited, thereby improving the control accuracy.

[0041] It should be noted that when the detection shaft 35 moves up and down, it drives the detection rod 36 to swing, which in turn drives the lever of the butterfly valve 42 to rotate, thereby adjusting the opening and closing degree of the butterfly valve 42. When the opening degree of the butterfly valve 42 changes, the gas flow rate delivered to the cylinder 44 by the delivery pipe 41 changes, and the air pressure in the cylinder 44 changes accordingly. The air pressure sensor in the cylinder 44 detects the air pressure value in real time. The change in air pressure in the cylinder 44 pushes the piston 45 to slide along the axis of the cylinder 44. The piston rod of the piston 45 extends or retracts, providing a stable driving force for the subsequent camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5. Moreover, the detection data of the air pressure sensor can be used as a basis for judging whether the piston 45 has reached the target value.

[0042] By linking the detection rod 36 with the butterfly valve 42, the mechanical signal from the cam profile detection mechanism 3 is converted into the opening adjustment of the butterfly valve 42, thereby controlling the air pressure in the cylinder 44 and achieving precise control of the driving force. The air pressure sensor in the cylinder 44 can monitor the air pressure in real time to ensure that the movement stroke of the piston 45 is precisely matched with the camshaft specifications, avoiding reference positioning deviations due to insufficient or excessive driving force. At the same time, the pneumatic drive method can adapt to the driving force requirements of multiple camshaft specifications without frequent replacement of power components, further improving the device's adaptability to multiple camshaft specifications. Moreover, the pneumatic drive operates smoothly, reducing mechanical impact damage to the camshaft.

[0043] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 7 A connecting hose 43 is provided between the delivery pipe 41 and the cylinder 44; when the cylinder 44 moves relative to the air tank, the connecting hose 43 is used to maintain the connection between the cylinder 44 and the air tank.

[0044] It should be noted that the connecting hose 43 has good flexibility. When the X-axis conveyor belt 21 drives the cylinder 44 to move relative to the gas tank, or when the position of the cylinder 44 changes due to the movement of other components, the connecting hose 43 can bend or extend with the movement of the cylinder 44, always maintaining the connection between the cylinder 44 and the gas tank. This ensures that the gas in the conveying pipe 41 can be continuously and stably delivered to the cylinder 44, and that the gas delivery will not be interrupted or leaked due to changes in the position of the cylinder 44, thus ensuring the continuity of the driving force output of the reference transmission control mechanism 4.

[0045] Please see Figures 1-2 and Figure 5 The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 includes a push rod 51, a mounting base 52, and an X-axis direct drive slide seat 53; one end of the push rod 51 is connected to the piston rod of the piston 45; the mounting base 52 is slidably connected to the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt 21 via a first slide rail, and the length direction of the first slide rail is parallel to the conveying direction of the X-axis conveyor belt 21; the end of the push rod 51 is connected to the mounting base 52; and the X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 is disposed on the mounting base 52.

[0046] It should be noted that when the piston rod of piston 45 extends or retracts under the action of air pressure inside cylinder 44, it drives push rod 51 to move. Push rod 51 pushes mounting seat 52 to slide along the first slide rail. Mounting seat 52 drives X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 to move synchronously along the X-axis direction. Based on the air pressure value inside cylinder 44 detected by air pressure sensor, the extension length of piston rod of piston 45 can be controlled, thereby controlling the moving distance of X-axis direct drive slide seat 53, so that X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 can be accurately moved to the target position that matches the current camshaft specifications, providing precise X-axis direction support for camshaft reference positioning.

[0047] The connection between push rod 51 and mounting base 52 allows the movement distance of X-axis direct drive sliding seat 53 to be precisely controlled by the air pressure inside cylinder 44, adapting to camshafts of different lengths and cam spacings of various specifications. No manual adjustment of the mounting base 52 position is required, improving the efficiency and accuracy of reference positioning.

[0048] Please see Figures 4-5 The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 also includes a Y-axis positioning mechanism 54; the Y-axis positioning mechanism 54 is used to abut against the camshaft to position the Y-axis; when the X-axis direct drive slide 53 moves along the X-axis to the target position, the Y-axis positioning mechanism 54 contacts the base circle surface of the camshaft, adapting to camshafts with different base circle diameters, ensuring that the Y-axis positioning mechanism 54 is always in close contact with the base circle of the camshaft, avoiding contact with the cam tip, thereby determining the reference position of the camshaft in the Y-axis direction, and cooperating with the X-axis direct drive slide 53 to complete the bidirectional reference positioning of the camshaft.

[0049] Please see Figures 7-8 The Y-axis positioning mechanism 54 includes a connecting shaft 541, a mounting block 543, a positioning block 544, a guide shaft 545, a second spring 546, and a connecting rod 547. One end of the connecting shaft 541 is fixed to the push rod 51. An arc-shaped groove 542 is provided on the mounting base 52, and the connecting shaft 541 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove 542. A through hole is provided on the mounting base 52, and the mounting block 543 and the positioning block 544 are both slidably connected in the through hole. One end of the guide shaft 545 is fixed to the mounting block 543, and the other end of the guide shaft 545 is inserted into the positioning block 544. The mounting block 543 and the positioning block 544 are connected by the second spring 546.

[0050] It should be noted that by moving the push rod 51, the connecting shaft 541 is driven to slide along the arc-shaped slide groove 542. The sliding of the connecting shaft 541 can drive the mounting block 543 to slide along the through hole on the mounting base 52. When the mounting block 543 slides, the guide shaft 545 and the second spring 546 drive the positioning block 544 to move synchronously. The positioning block 544 moves towards the camshaft and contacts its base circle. The second spring 546 automatically compresses according to the diameter of the base circle to achieve elastic compensation, ensuring that the positioning block 544 is always in close contact with the base circle. The top of the positioning block 544 is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the base circle of the largest camshaft. The trajectory design of the arc-shaped groove can prevent the positioning block 544 from contacting the tip of the cam.

[0051] It should be noted that the guide shaft 545 ensures the coaxiality of the movement of the mounting block 543 and the positioning block 544, preventing the positioning block 544 from shifting. The elastic compensation effect of the second spring 546 can adapt to camshafts with different base circle diameters, eliminating the need for manual adjustment of the positioning block 544 position and improving the device's adaptability and positioning efficiency for camshafts of various specifications.

[0052] Please see Figures 4-5 and Figures 7-9 The mounting base 52 is provided with a position locking mechanism 6; the position locking mechanism 6 includes a cylinder 61, a limiting block 62 and a baffle 65; the cylinder 61 is mounted on the mounting base 52, the limiting block 62 is fixed to the output shaft of the cylinder 61, and the limiting block 62 has a limiting groove 63 adapted to the end of the push rod 51; one end of the push rod 51 is hinged to the piston rod of the piston 45, and the other end of the push rod 51 is inserted into the limiting groove 63; the limiting block 62 has a misalignment opening 64 communicating with the limiting groove 63; the baffle 65 is set at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt 21; when the cylinder 61 drives the limiting block 62 to move, so that the end of the push rod 51 is aligned with the misalignment opening 64, the limiting block 62 abuts against the baffle 65.

[0053] It should be noted that during the movement of push rod 51, the rotation of push rod 51 is restricted by limit groove 63, so that X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 can move to the target position under the drive of push rod 51; then, limit block 62 is driven to move by cylinder 61, so that the end of push rod 51 is aligned with misalignment port 64, and limit block 62 abuts against baffle 65, locking the position of X-axis direct drive slide seat 53; limit block 62 releases the lock on the end of push rod 51, and then cylinder 61 can push push rod 51 through misalignment port 64 to continue moving, thereby driving connecting shaft 54 ​​to move in arc-shaped slide groove 542, realizing the movement of drive positioning block 544; through the cooperation of cylinder 61 and limit block 62 of position locking mechanism 6, the position of X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 is quickly locked after it reaches the target position, preventing the X-axis direct drive slide seat 53 from shifting due to factors such as vibration and air pressure fluctuation, ensuring the stability of reference positioning, and greatly improving the reliability of reference positioning. The matching design between the limiting groove 63 and the end of the push rod 51 allows for precise locking of the push rod 51 during the movement of the X-axis direct-drive sliding seat 53; while the misalignment port 64 facilitates the movement of the positioning block 544 driven by the remaining air pressure inside the cylinder 44 to achieve Y-axis positioning. The automated control of the position locking mechanism 6 eliminates the need for manual operation, further enhancing the automation level and operating efficiency of the production line, and ensuring that the camshaft maintains a precise reference position throughout subsequent inspection and assembly processes.

[0054] Please see Figures 1-2 and Figure 5 A controller is installed on the frame 1. The controller is electrically connected to the infrared beam sensor, the air pressure sensor, and the cylinder 61. It is understood that the controller is existing technology and is not shown in the figure, so it will not be described in detail. It should be noted that the infrared beam sensor transmits the signal of the number of up and down movements of the detection shaft 35 to the controller. The controller calculates the number of cams on the camshaft based on the signal. The air pressure sensor transmits the air pressure data in the cylinder 44 to the controller. The controller determines the extension length of the piston rod of the piston 45 based on the air pressure value, and then determines whether the X-axis direct drive slide block 53 has reached the target position. When the X-axis direct-drive slide block 53 reaches the target position, the controller sends a control signal to the cylinder 61, driving the cylinder 61 to move and lock the position locking mechanism 6. When it is necessary to switch the camshaft specifications or adjust the position, the controller receives the relevant signal and controls the cylinder 61 to move in the opposite direction to release the lock. The piston rod of the piston 45 is equipped with a third spring. When the butterfly valve 42 is closed and the gas in the cylinder 44 is discharged, the piston rod of the piston 45 can be driven to reset through the third spring, which facilitates the readjustment of the reference positioning. Then, according to the new detection signal, the opening degree of the butterfly valve 42 and the air pressure in the cylinder 44 are controlled to drive the X-axis direct-drive slide block 53 and the Y-axis positioning mechanism 54 to adjust to the new target position.

[0055] Example 2: The technical solution in this example differs from that in Example 1 in that: Please refer to... Figures 1-10An automatic unloading method for camshaft machining, using the aforementioned automatic unloading device for camshaft machining; specifically including the following steps:

[0056] Step 1, Cam Profile Detection: The camshaft is driven to move vertically along its axis by the X-axis conveyor belt 21, while the camshaft is driven to move horizontally by the Y-axis conveyor mechanism 22. Under the action of the first spring 34, the entire length of the camshaft is continuously in contact with the detection roller 33. Utilizing the mechanical linkage of the detection roller 33, the sliding block 32, and the detection shaft 35, the camshaft length is calculated by the contact time, and the number of cams is calculated by the number of up-and-down movements of the detection shaft 35 and the time difference between the up-and-down movements of the cam spacing detection shaft 35. This is converted into a recognizable signal, and the number of up-and-down movements is recorded by an infrared beam sensor to complete the feature detection.

[0057] Step 2, Reference Transmission Control: The reference transmission control mechanism 4 is adapted to multiple camshaft specifications to provide a power source for the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 to drive the X-axis direct drive slide block 53 to move to the target position;

[0058] Step 3, Reference Positioning Adjustment: The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism 5 drives the X-axis direct drive slide block 53 to move to the target position, thus completing the camshaft reference positioning.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic unloading device for camshaft machining, comprising a frame (1) and a feeding mechanism (2) mounted on the frame (1), the feeding mechanism (2) comprising an X-axis conveyor belt (21) and a Y-axis conveyor mechanism (22), characterized in that: The frame (1) is equipped with a cam profile detection mechanism (3), a reference transmission control mechanism (4), and a camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5); the cam profile detection mechanism (3) includes: The detection roller (33) is mounted on the frame (1), and a sliding block (32) is slidably connected to the mounting bracket (31). The detection roller (33) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (32) around the axis. A first spring (34) is provided between the mounting bracket (31) and the sliding block (32). A detection shaft (35) is disposed at the bottom of the sliding block (32); And an infrared beam sensor for detecting the number of times the detection axis (35) moves up and down, the infrared beam sensor being mounted on the mounting bracket (31). The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5) is located at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt (21); the reference transmission control mechanism (4) is located between the cam profile detection mechanism (3) and the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5); The reference transmission control mechanism (4) includes a conveying pipe (41), a butterfly valve (42), a cylinder (44), and a piston (45); the cylinder (44) is installed at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt (21), and an air tank is installed on the frame (1). The cylinder (44) and the air tank are connected through the conveying pipe (41); the butterfly valve (42) is connected to the conveying pipe (41), and a detection rod (36) is hinged to the end of the detection shaft (35); the detection rod (36) is connected to the lever of the butterfly valve (42); the piston (45) is slidably connected inside the cylinder (44); a pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the cylinder (44) is installed inside the cylinder (44); The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5) includes a push rod (51), a mounting base (52), and an X-axis direct drive sliding base (53); one end of the push rod (51) is connected to the piston rod of the piston (45); the mounting base (52) is slidably connected to the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt (21) via a first slide rail, and the length direction of the first slide rail is parallel to the conveying direction of the X-axis conveyor belt (21); the end of the push rod (51) is connected to the mounting base (52); the X-axis direct drive sliding base (53) is disposed on the mounting base (52). The camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5) also includes a Y-axis positioning mechanism (54) for abutting against the camshaft to position the Y-axis. The Y-axis positioning mechanism (54) includes a connecting shaft (541), a mounting block (543), a positioning block (544), a guide shaft (545), a second spring (546), and a connecting rod (547). One end of the connecting shaft (541) is fixed to the push rod (51), and an arc-shaped groove (542) is provided on the mounting base (52). The connecting shaft (541) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove (542). A through hole is provided on the mounting base (52), and the mounting block (543) and the positioning block (544) are slidably connected in the through hole. One end of the guide shaft (545) is fixed to the mounting block (543), and the other end of the guide shaft (545) is inserted into the positioning block (544). The second spring (546) is sleeved on the guide shaft (545) between the mounting block (543) and the positioning block (544).

2. The automatic unloading device for camshaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide sleeve (46) is coaxially provided on the cylinder (44); the piston rod on the piston (45) is coaxially inserted into the guide sleeve (46).

3. The automatic unloading device for camshaft machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting hose (43) is provided between the delivery pipe (41) and the cylinder (44) to maintain the connection between the cylinder (44) and the gas storage tank during movement.

4. The automatic unloading device for camshaft machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (52) is provided with a position locking mechanism (6); the position locking mechanism (6) includes a cylinder (61), a limiting block (62), and a baffle (65); the cylinder (61) is mounted on the mounting base (52), and the limiting block (62) is fixed to the output shaft of the cylinder (61); the limiting block (62) has a limiting groove (63) adapted to the end of the push rod (51); one end of the push rod (51) is hinged to the... The piston rod of the piston (45) has the other end of the push rod (51) inserted into the limiting groove (63); the limiting block (62) has a misalignment opening (64) communicating with the limiting groove (63); the baffle (65) is set at the bottom of the X-axis conveyor belt (21); when the cylinder (61) drives the limiting block (62) to move, so that the end of the push rod (51) is aligned with the misalignment opening (64), the limiting block (62) and the baffle (65) abut against each other.

5. The automatic unloading device for camshaft machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame (1) is equipped with a controller, which is electrically connected to the infrared beam sensor, the air pressure sensor and the cylinder (61).

6. An automatic unloading method for camshaft machining, characterized in that: An automatic unloading device for machining camshafts using any one of claims 1-5; specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1, Cam profile detection: The camshaft is driven to move vertically along its axis by the X-axis conveyor belt (21), and simultaneously driven to move horizontally by the Y-axis conveyor mechanism (22). Under the action of the first spring (34), the entire length of the camshaft is continuously in contact with the detection roller (33). The mechanical linkage of the detection roller (33), the sliding block (32) and the detection shaft (35) is used to calculate the length of the camshaft by the contact time. The number of cams is calculated by the number of up and down movements of the detection shaft (35) and the time difference between the up and down movements of the cam spacing detection shaft (35). This is converted into an identifiable signal. The number of up and down movements is then recorded by an infrared beam sensor to complete the feature detection. Step 2, Reference Transmission Control: The reference transmission control mechanism (4) adapts to multiple camshaft specifications, providing a power source for the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5) to achieve camshaft reference positioning; Step 3, Reference Positioning Adjustment: The camshaft reference position is marked by the camshaft reference positioning adjustment mechanism (5) to complete the camshaft reference positioning.

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