Electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology and capable of adapting to wide-range dynamic voltage

Abstract

The invention provides an electrode boiler capable of adapting to wide-range dynamic voltage based on a composite insulation technology, which comprises a three-phase alternating current electrode with an access voltage range of 10 kV to 24 kV and a boiler body, and further comprises an insulation structure between the three-phase alternating current electrode and the boiler body, the insulation structure comprises a ceramic sleeve group and a lower insulation sleeve which are mutually nested, the electrode connecting piece is connected with the boiler body in a penetrating mode and used for connecting external high voltage electricity and internal three-phase alternating current electrodes, the electrode connecting piece sequentially comprises a high-voltage power supply connecting port, an electrode connecting screw rod, a connecting rod and an inner electrode interface, a positioning piece is arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod, and a positioning bin is arranged at the outer end of the positioning piece; a boiler shell metal tube base is arranged at the outer end of the positioning bin, and a positioning lantern ring is arranged at the upper end of the boiler shell metal tube base. The invention provides an electrode boiler suitable for a wide voltage range, and the electrode boiler is provided with a self-adaptive control and optimized insulation structure and can safely and stably operate under the three-phase alternating current of 10 kV to 24 kV.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrode boiler, in particular to an electrode boiler capable of adapting to wide range of dynamic voltage based on composite insulation technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of efficient and flexible electric heating conversion equipment, electrode boiler is widely used in clean energy consumption, regional heating and industrial steam field, but its technical development still faces the following key problems and shortcomings: (1) Narrow range of power supply The power supply adapted by traditional electrode boiler is single voltage grade, generally connected to 10kV±1kV, which has high requirement for stability of power supply voltage and cannot be applied in the scene with large range of power supply voltage; (2) Electrode insulation technology Insulation isolation is needed between electrode boiler shell and electrode, and ceramic is a good insulating material, traditional 10kV electrode boiler adopts ceramic as insulating piece, and the dry withstand voltage of ceramic under power frequency is required to be greater than or equal to 35kV; the insulation requirement of 20kV electrode boiler is higher than that of 10kV electrode boiler, and the dry withstand voltage of ceramic under power frequency is required to be greater than or equal to 55kV; if pure ceramic is used for insulation isolation, the length of ceramic under 20kV working condition needs to be lengthened, and the longer the ceramic is, the more unbalanced the stress is under pressure, which is more likely to cause rupture; (3) Electrode structure design 10kV electrode boiler and its electrode have been widely applied, and the main structure of electrode has types such as hockey stick type, blade type and cylindrical type, and the electrode structure design for avoiding current density control and sharp end effect needs to be further researched under 20kV working condition.

[0003] In the prior art, traditional electrode boiler usually operates at a lower voltage level (such as 6-10kV), and has problems such as large electrode envelope area, high current density on the surface of electrode, and easy damage of insulation structure, and with the increase of voltage level, the current between electrodes decreases, but more complex insulation and safety design are needed to ensure stable operation of the boiler; therefore, we improve it and propose an electrode boiler capable of adapting to wide range of dynamic voltage based on composite insulation technology. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems of traditional electrode boiler which usually operates at a lower voltage level (such as 6-10kV), has problems such as large electrode envelope area, high current density on the surface of electrode, and easy damage of insulation structure, and with the increase of voltage level, the current between electrodes decreases, but more complex insulation and safety design are needed to ensure stable operation of the boiler.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical solutions: The electrode boiler based on the composite insulation technology can adapt to a wide range of dynamic voltage to improve the above problems.

[0006] The application is particularly as follows: The electrode boiler based on the composite insulation technology can adapt to a wide range of dynamic voltage, comprising a three-phase alternating current electrode with an input voltage range of 10kV to 24kV and a boiler body, further comprising: An insulation structure between the three-phase alternating current electrode and the boiler body, the insulation structure comprising a ceramic sleeve group and a lower insulation sleeve.

[0007] The electrode connecting piece of the boiler body is connected to the outside high-voltage power and the internal three-phase alternating current electrode, and the electrode connecting piece comprises a high-voltage power connection port, an electrode connecting screw rod, a connecting rod, and an internal electrode interface in sequence. The outer end of the connecting rod is provided with a positioning piece, the outer end of the positioning piece is provided with a positioning bin, the outer end of the positioning bin is provided with a boiler shell metal pipe seat, the upper end of the boiler shell metal pipe seat is provided with a positioning sleeve ring, and a plurality of sets of linkage threaded parts are arranged between the positioning sleeve ring and the boiler shell metal pipe seat.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the application, the positioning bin is embedded in the inner side of the upper end of the boiler shell metal pipe seat, the positioning piece is wrapped around the inner end of the positioning bin, and the boiler shell metal pipe seat is fixedly connected with the boiler body.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the application, the ceramic sleeve group comprises an upper ceramic sleeve, a central ceramic sleeve, and a lower ceramic sleeve. The upper ceramic sleeve and the lower ceramic sleeve are upwardly tapered and downwardly tapered, respectively, for increasing the sealing area and the pressure sealing performance.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the application, the lower insulation sleeve is embedded between the central ceramic sleeve and the lower ceramic sleeve. The lower insulation sleeve has a fixed combination of a central circular ring plate and an upper and lower equal-length sleeve structure. The lower insulation sleeve is wrapped around the outer end of the connecting rod, and the lower insulation sleeve is made of a formed high-molecular polymer insulating material.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the application, at least one set of compression nuts is arranged between the upper end of the upper ceramic sleeve and the electrode connecting screw rod for fixing the upper ceramic sleeve and the electrode connecting screw rod.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the application, a neuron PID adaptive controller is further included for adaptive control and adjustment of parameters according to the power signals (voltage and current signals) of the boiler input line to achieve the requirement of constant output of the boiler.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the application, the neuron PID adaptive controller comprises: An input variable acquisition module for acquiring the power signals (voltage and current signals) of the boiler input line. The neuron algorithm module is realized by a Parmetric ReLU function; The output control module has two output neurons, which respectively control the liquid level adjusting mechanism and the solution conductivity control device of the boiler body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: In the scheme of the application: 1. By setting the electrode boiler suitable for a wide voltage range, three-phase alternating current with a voltage range from 10kV to 24kV is connected, and adaptive control adjustment parameters are required for the voltage range to meet the requirement of constant boiler output, and the protection and control through the fusion of the neuron PID adaptive algorithm realizes automatic following of the load, the power signal (voltage and current signal) of the boiler input line is collected as an input variable, the neuron algorithm Parmetric ReLU function is realized for adaptation, the number of output neurons is two (the boiler liquid level adjusting mechanism and the solution conductivity control device), and finally the automatic following of the load in the wide voltage range is realized. 2. The three-phase electrode of the electrode boiler is in a high-temperature and high-pressure wet steam environment, and the insulation design between the electrodes and the shell is a key part of the boiler design, the electrodes and the shell are isolated by a special insulation structure, the insulation structure is combined into a nested type by a ceramic sleeve and a high-molecular polymer insulation material, the combined insulation structure not only superimposes the insulation performance of the two materials, but also compensates for the defect that the ceramic insulation structure is easy to break, in addition to the insulation isolation effect, the combined insulation structure also has considerable pressure-bearing sealing performance, and the structure realizes perfect compatibility of insulation, pressure bearing and sealing functions. 3. Under the same power of the boiler, the higher the voltage level, the smaller the current between the electrodes, compared with other lower voltage level (6-10kV) electrode boilers, the electrode boiler involved in the patent reduces the electrode envelope area, increases the safety distance between the electrodes and the 0 position under the condition that the internal structure size does not change, and the electrode structure optimization avoids the possibility of tip discharge, and meets the requirements of insulation safety and stable operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the electrode boiler suitable for wide-range dynamic voltage based on the composite insulation technology is provided for the application; Figure 2 The right end slide rail side sectional structure diagram of the electrode boiler suitable for wide-range dynamic voltage based on the composite insulation technology is provided for the application; Figure 3 The front view of the electrode boiler suitable for wide-range dynamic voltage based on the composite insulation technology is provided for the application; Figure 2 ​Figure 4 Split structure schematic diagram of boiler shell metal pipe base and positioning ring of electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology suitable for wide range of dynamic voltage provided for the present application; Figure 5 Split structure schematic diagram of boiler shell metal pipe base and positioning ring of electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology suitable for wide range of dynamic voltage provided for the present application; Figure 3 Amplification structure schematic diagram of A in the middle; Figure 6 Comparison diagram of original electrode envelope area and electrode envelope area of the present application of electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology suitable for wide range of dynamic voltage provided for the present application; Figure 7 Structure flow chart of neuron PID self-adaptive controller of electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology suitable for wide range of dynamic voltage provided for the present application.

[0016] Indicated in the figure: 1, electrode connecting screw; 2, compression nut; 3, upper ceramic sleeve; 4, lower insulating sleeve; 5, lower ceramic sleeve; 6, inner electrode interface; 7, boiler shell metal pipe base; 8, high-voltage power supply connection port; 9, central ceramic sleeve; 10, positioning piece; 11, positioning ring; 12, linkage threaded part; 13, neuron PID self-adaptive controller; 14, boiler body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents some embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features and technical schemes in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] It should be noted that: similar labels and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0020] As Figures 1-7 shown, the present embodiment proposes an electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology suitable for wide range of dynamic voltage, including a three-phase alternating current electrode with an access voltage range of 10kV to 24kV and a boiler body 14, further including: The insulation structure between the three-phase alternating current electrode and the boiler body 14, which comprises a ceramic sleeve group and a lower insulation sleeve 4.

[0021] The electrode connecting piece of the boiler body 14 is connected to the external high-voltage power supply and the internal three-phase alternating current electrode, and comprises a high-voltage power supply connecting port 8, an electrode connecting screw 1, a connecting rod, and an inner electrode interface 6. The outer end of the connecting rod is provided with a positioning piece 10, the outer end of the positioning piece 10 is provided with a positioning cavity, the outer end of the positioning cavity is provided with a boiler shell metal pipe base 7, the upper end of the boiler shell metal pipe base 7 is provided with a positioning sleeve ring 11, and a plurality of sets of linkage threaded parts 12 are arranged between the positioning sleeve ring 11 and the boiler shell metal pipe base 7.

[0022] The live body comprises the high-voltage power supply connecting port 8, the electrode connecting screw 1, the connecting rod, the inner electrode interface 6, and the compression nut 2.

[0023] The positioning cavity is embedded in the inner side of the upper end of the boiler shell metal pipe base 7, the positioning piece 10 is wrapped around the inner end of the positioning cavity, and the boiler shell metal pipe base 7 is fixedly connected with the boiler body 14.

[0024] The ceramic sleeve group comprises an upper ceramic sleeve 3, a central ceramic sleeve 9, and a lower ceramic sleeve 5. The upper ceramic sleeve 3 and the lower ceramic sleeve 5 are upwardly tapered and downwardly tapered, respectively, for increasing the sealing area and the pressure-bearing sealing performance.

[0025] The lower insulation sleeve 4 is embedded between the central ceramic sleeve 9 and the lower ceramic sleeve 5. The lower insulation sleeve 4 has a shape of a fixed combination of a central circular ring plate and an upper and lower equal-length sleeve structure. The lower insulation sleeve 4 is wrapped around the outer end of the connecting rod, and is made of a formed high-molecular polymer insulating material.

[0026] At least one set of compression nuts 2 is arranged between the upper end of the upper ceramic sleeve 3 and the electrode connecting screw 1, for fixing the upper ceramic sleeve 3 and the electrode connecting screw 1.

[0027] The insulation structure embeds a large-diameter insulation nest (the lower insulation sleeve 4) between the two sections of ceramic (the central ceramic sleeve 9 and the lower ceramic sleeve 5), and superimposes the insulation creepage distances of the two sections of ceramic. The outer side of the lower insulation sleeve 4 adopts a large-diameter umbrella-shaped outer shape, which improves the external surface insulation anti-fouling level. The inner side of the lower insulation sleeve 4 adopts an upper and lower equal-length sleeve structure, the inner hole of the lower insulation sleeve 4 embedded therein is isolated from the external steam, so that the medium contamination is avoided, and the insulation performance of the insulation nest material can be maximized. The insulation performance of the combined insulation structure is more than twice that of the simple ceramic structure.

[0028] The segmented ceramic combination mode compensates for the defect that long ceramic is easy to break. The insulation nest has a certain elasticity, which avoids damage to the ceramic.

[0029] In addition, the insulation structure not only has the insulation isolation effect, but also can be used as a sealing pad. The upper ceramic sleeve 3, the central ceramic sleeve 9 and the lower ceramic sleeve 5 are all in a conical shape, which effectively increases the sealing area and improves the pressure sealing performance.

[0030] The three-phase alternating current electrode is wrapped at the outer end of the insulation structure, and the three-phase alternating current electrode adopts a large curved surface structure. The heating power is controlled by the immersion depth of the electrolyte in the length direction of the electrode. Compared with the traditional electrode boiler, the boiler in the application reduces the number of electrodes and lengthens the electrode length, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the electrode envelope area and controlling the electrode surface current density in a reasonable range, and realize the safe and stable operation of the boiler in a wide voltage range of 10-24kV.

[0031] According to the accompanying Figure 6 As shown: taking a 10MW electrode boiler as an example, the electrode envelope area of the traditional 10kV immersion electrode boiler is generally in a three-petal petal shape. The electrode envelope area cross-sectional area of the electrode boiler in the application is only one tenth of that of the traditional boiler, and the electrode envelope is in a circular distribution, and the electric field on the electrode surface is balanced in all directions, which is beneficial to the balance of three-phase voltage.

[0032] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned mode, further comprising a neuron PID adaptive controller 13 for adaptive control and adjustment of parameters according to the power signal (voltage, current signal) of the boiler body 14 incoming line, to realize the requirement of constant output of the boiler body 14.

[0033] The neuron PID adaptive controller 13 comprises: An input variable acquisition module for acquiring the power signal (voltage, current signal) of the boiler incoming line; A neuron algorithm module using ParmetricReLU function to realize self-adaptation; Among them, it needs to be confirmed that the existing basic principle of ParmetricReLU function: ParmetricReLU is a famous variant of ReLU activation function, which aims to solve the inherent "dead neuron" problem of ReLU, and introduces a very small additional parameter to improve the expressiveness of the model.

[0034] First, the standard ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) function: f(x)=max(0,x); Advantages: simple and efficient calculation, alleviates the gradient disappearance problem (gradient is 1 in the positive interval); Disadvantages: Dead ReLU Problem, when the input is negative, the output and gradient of ReLU are both 0, which means that once a neuron falls into this case, it is very likely that it can never be activated again and its weights can never be updated in the subsequent training process.

[0035] Secondly, the definition of PReLU: PReLU improves the negative half of ReLU, instead of simply setting the output to 0, it introduces a learnable parameter a (usually a very small number, such as 0.01) to perform a non-zero, linear transformation on the negative part; Its mathematical definition is as follows: f(x)=max(0,x)+a*min(0,x); This formula can also be equivalently written in the form of a piecewise function: f(x)={x,if x>0{a*x,if x≤0}.

[0036] Here: x is the input of the function (usually the result of the linear transformation of the output of the previous layer of neurons); a is a learnable parameter, usually initialized to a small value (for example, 0.25 or 0.01). It can be unique to each neuron or shared by all neurons.

[0037] The output control module has 2 output neurons, which control the liquid level adjusting mechanism and the solution conductivity control device of the boiler body 14 respectively.

[0038] In use, the application: The electrode boiler is connected to 10kV to 24kV three-phase alternating current, the high-voltage power supply connection port 8 of the electrode connecting piece is connected with an external high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power is introduced into the electrode inside the boiler through the electrode connecting screw rod 1, the connecting rod and the inner electrode interface 6; the insulation structure (including the ceramic sleeve group and the lower insulation sleeve 4) between the electrode and the boiler shell realizes the insulation, pressure bearing and sealing functions. The insulation is embedded between the two sections of ceramics, and the insulation creepage distance is superimposed, so that the insulation performance and the anti-fouling level are improved; the power signal (voltage and current signals) of the boiler incoming line is collected by the neuron PID adaptive controller 13 as an input variable; the neuron PID adaptive controller 13 adopts the Parmetric ReLU function to realize the adaptive algorithm, and outputs the control signal to the liquid level adjusting mechanism and the solution conductivity control device of the boiler body 14, so that the load is automatically followed, and the boiler output is ensured to be unchanged; the immersion depth of the electrolyte in the length direction of the electrode controls the heating power. The electrode adopts a large curved surface structure, the number of electrodes is reduced, the length of the electrode is lengthened, the current density on the surface of the electrode is controlled in a reasonable range, the boiler is safely and stably operated in a wide voltage range of 10-24kV, the electrode envelope area is circularly distributed, the electric field on the surface of the electrode is balanced in all directions, which is beneficial to the balance of three-phase voltage, the possibility of sharp-point discharge is avoided, and the requirements of insulation safety and stable operation are met.

[0039] The above examples are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the technical solutions described in the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the present application; all technical solutions and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the application are covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology that can adapt to a wide range of dynamic voltages, comprising three-phase AC electrodes with an input voltage range of 10kV to 24kV and a boiler body (14), characterized in that, Also includes: The insulation structure between the three-phase AC electrodes and the boiler body (14) includes a nested ceramic bushing assembly and a lower insulating bushing (4). The boiler body (14) is connected to an electrode connector for connecting the external high voltage and the internal three-phase AC electrode. The electrode connector includes a high voltage power connection port (8), an electrode connecting screw (1), a connecting rod and an internal electrode interface (6) in sequence. The outer end of the connecting rod is provided with a positioning part (10). The outer end of the positioning part (10) is provided with a positioning chamber. The outer end of the positioning chamber is provided with a boiler shell metal tube seat (7). The upper end of the boiler shell metal tube seat (7) is provided with a positioning collar (11). Multiple sets of linkage threaded parts (12) are provided between the positioning collar (11) and the boiler shell metal tube seat (7).

2. The electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology capable of adapting to a wide range of dynamic voltages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning chamber is embedded in the inner side of the upper end of the boiler shell metal tube seat (7), and the positioning element (10) covers the inner end of the positioning chamber. The boiler shell metal tube seat (7) is fixedly connected to the boiler body (14).

3. The electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology that can adapt to a wide range of dynamic voltages according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ceramic sleeve assembly includes an upper ceramic sleeve (3), a central ceramic sleeve (9), and a lower ceramic sleeve (5). The upper ceramic sleeve (3) and the lower ceramic sleeve (5) are respectively tapered upwards and tapered downwards, which are used to increase the sealing area and pressure-bearing sealing performance.

4. The electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology that can adapt to a wide range of dynamic voltages according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower insulating sleeve (4) is embedded between the central ceramic sleeve (9) and the lower ceramic sleeve (5). The shape of the lower insulating sleeve (4) is a fixed combination of a central circular plate and upper and lower equal-length sleeves. The lower insulating sleeve (4) is wrapped around the outer end of the connecting rod. The lower insulating sleeve (4) is made of molded polymer insulating material.

5. The electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology that can adapt to a wide range of dynamic voltages according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one set of clamping nuts (2) is provided between the upper end of the upper ceramic sleeve (3) and the electrode connecting screw (1) for fixing the upper ceramic sleeve (3) and the electrode connecting screw (1).

6. The electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology adaptable to a wide range of dynamic voltages according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a neuron PID adaptive controller (13), which is used to adaptively control and adjust parameters according to the electrical signals (voltage and current signals) of the boiler body (14) input line in order to achieve the requirement that the output of the boiler body (14) remains unchanged.

7. The electrode boiler based on composite insulation technology adaptable to a wide range of dynamic voltages according to claim 6, characterized in that, The neuron PID adaptive controller (13) includes: The input variable acquisition module is used to acquire electrical signals (voltage and current signals) from the boiler inlet. The neuron algorithm module uses the ParmetricReLU function to achieve adaptive behavior. The output control module has two output neurons, which respectively control the liquid level adjustment mechanism and the solution conductivity control device of the boiler body (14).

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