High-speed multichannel parallel data acquisition system and method based on optical sensing and time-space conversion
By using a high-speed, multi-channel parallel data acquisition system based on optical sensing and spatiotemporal conversion, the limitations of traditional data acquisition systems in terms of high speed, high precision, and multi-channel parallelism are overcome, achieving efficient and accurate data acquisition.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510895896.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing data acquisition systems have limitations in terms of high speed, high precision, and multi-channel parallelism. Traditional electronic ADCs face the dilemma of speed, resolution, and power consumption, while photonic ADC technology is not yet fully mature in terms of accuracy and number of channels.
A high-speed, multi-channel parallel data acquisition system based on optical sensing and spatiotemporal conversion is adopted. It utilizes a probe laser, an optical sensor array, a high-speed beam deflection module, a focusing lens, and an optical camera. The changes in the target quantity are directly measured by the optical sensor and converted into changes in the intensity of the sensor output beam. The spatiotemporal conversion image is formed by combining high-speed beam deflection and focusing for data acquisition.
It achieves parallel acquisition of thousands of data channels, with a sampling rate of up to 1GHz and a sampling accuracy of up to 16bit, breaking through the speed and bandwidth limitations of traditional electronic ADCs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120970699A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data acquisition, in particular to a high-speed multi-channel parallelization data acquisition system and method based on optical sensing and space-time conversion. BACKGROUND
[0002] Data acquisition systems have wide application value in many disciplines and fields, including scientific research, industrial detection, medical diagnosis, military equipment, etc. The technological progress in various fields has put forward higher requirements for data acquisition systems, and high parallelism, high timeliness and high precision measurement are the main development directions at present. For example, phased array radar and electronic warfare systems need to simultaneously collect the radio frequency signals of hundreds to thousands of antenna elements, with a sampling rate of up to GHz level for each channel; high-energy physics experiments may need more than 100,000 channel detector arrays to capture nanosecond particle pulses, with a sampling rate of 100MS / s to 1GS / s for each channel; ultrasonic imaging systems usually need hundreds of channels of data acquisition channels with a sampling rate of tens of MHz to receive the ultrasonic echoes detected by the ultrasonic detection array; brain science research also needs 512-10,240 channel high-speed data acquisition cards for high-throughput acquisition of neural signals.
[0003] The core of a data acquisition system is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a clock synchronization system. The ADC converts analog signals (continuous time, continuous amplitude) into digital signals (discrete time, discrete amplitude), directly affecting key indicators such as sampling rate, resolution, noise, dynamic range, etc. of the data acquisition system. The clock synchronization system is used for timing control of sampling. If the data transmission bandwidth is insufficient, the data of a high sampling rate ADC may be lost. If the clock jitter is serious, the sampling accuracy of a high-speed ADC will be greatly reduced. Traditional electronic ADCs face fundamental limitations and are trapped in the "impossible triangle" of speed-resolution-power consumption, i.e. in high-speed, high-resolution applications, power consumption explodes, in low-power, high-resolution applications, sampling speed is limited (such as 24-bit Sigma-Delta ADC bandwidth usually <1MHz), and in high-speed, low-power applications, resolution has to be sacrificed. In recent years, photonic ADCs have become a potential solution to overcome these obstacles by virtue of the unique functions of optical elements and technologies. Photonic ADCs break through the speed and bandwidth limitations of traditional electronic ADCs through optoelectronic fusion, using optical sampling and optical or electronic quantization technology, and are the frontier technology in the field of high-speed data acquisition. However, photonic ADC technology is still in the development stage and has deficiencies in accuracy and channel number, etc. SUMMARY
[0004] The application aims to solve the demand of high-speed, high-precision, multi-channel parallel data acquisition in various application scenarios such as ultrasonic imaging, brain-computer interface, scientific research, and the like, and provides a high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system based on optical sensing and space-time conversion.
[0005] Another object of the application is to provide a working method based on the high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system.
[0006] The technical scheme adopted to achieve the object of the application is as follows:
[0007] A high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system based on optical sensing and space-time conversion comprises a probe laser, an optical sensor array, a high-speed beam deflection module, a focusing lens, an optical camera, a synchronous trigger circuit, and a computer, wherein:
[0008] The probe laser is a light source of the optical sensor array, the optical sensor array receives a probe beam output by the probe laser and a sensor output beam;
[0009] The high-speed beam deflection module scans the sensor output beam to output a dynamic deflected beam;
[0010] The focusing lens is located outside one focal length of the high-speed beam deflection module, focuses the deflected beam to form a focused beam;
[0011] The photosensitive surface of the optical camera is located at the back focal plane of the focusing lens to record the space-time conversion image formed by the focused beam; the computer is communicatively connected with the optical camera to acquire and process the space-time conversion image for multi-channel data extraction, visual display, and storage; and the computer is communicatively connected with the high-speed beam deflection module and the optical camera through the synchronous trigger circuit.
[0012] In the above technical scheme, the probe laser is connected with the optical sensor array through free space or fiber coupling or the like.
[0013] In the above technical scheme, the optical sensor array comprises but is not limited to a fiber sensor array or a thin film interferometer.
[0014] In the above technical scheme, the optical sensor array is composed of a plurality of same or different optical sensors, and each optical sensor serves as an independent measurement unit.
[0015] In the above technical scheme, the high-speed beam deflection module comprises but is not limited to a galvanometer mirror, a rotating polygon mirror, and a micro-electro-mechanical device.
[0016] In the above technical solution, the optical camera includes, but is not limited to, a charge-coupled device or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor.
[0017] In the above technical solution, the column pixel orientation of the optical camera is consistent with the deflection axis direction of the high-speed beam deflection module.
[0018] Another aspect of the present application also includes a working method of the high-speed multi-channel parallelized data acquisition system, including the following steps:
[0019] In the optical sensor array, after the probe beam interacts with the to-be-measured quantity, the optical property of the probe beam changes, and the change is further converted into an intensity change of the probe beam, and an output sensor output beam is output, the optical sensor array converts the change of the to-be-measured quantity into an intensity change of the sensor output beam;
[0020] The high-speed beam deflection module scans the sensor output beam to form a dynamic deflected beam, and the focusing lens converts the angular displacement of the deflected beam into linear displacement of the focused beam in the scanning direction (along the x direction); when the focused beam is a laser line, the laser line moves horizontally on the optical camera to form a continuous two-dimensional image of the space-time conversion image, each row of pixels of the space-time conversion image represents a high-speed data acquisition channel, and the column pixels represent the sampling time; when the focused beam is a one-dimensional laser focus array, the one-dimensional laser focus array moves horizontally on the optical camera to form a plurality of parallel strips, the space-time conversion image is a plurality of parallel strips, each strip represents a high-speed data acquisition channel, and the column pixels represent the sampling time, each high-speed data acquisition channel acquires a to-be-measured data changing with time;
[0021] The computer is in communication connection with the optical camera to acquire and process the space-time conversion image, and the computer indirectly controls the starting deflection of the high-speed beam deflection module and the starting exposure of the optical camera through the synchronization trigger circuit.
[0022] In the above technical solution, the to-be-measured quantity is a physical quantity, a chemical quantity, or a biological quantity.
[0023] In the above technical solution, the optical property includes one or more of amplitude, polarization, phase, and propagation direction.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0025] The high-speed multi-channel parallelized data acquisition system of the present application is not to indirectly acquire the converted electrical signal of the sensor, but to directly measure the to-be-measured quantity by using an optical sensor, to convert the change of the to-be-measured quantity into the intensity change of a probe light beam, to rapidly scan the sensor output light beam by using a high-speed light beam deflection device, to form a focused light beam after focusing, and to project the focused light beam onto the row pixel points of an optical camera, so as to convert the change of the intensity of the probe light beam with time into the change of the image intensity with space by means of a time-space conversion mechanism. Therefore, each row of pixels of the optical camera is converted into an independent high-speed data acquisition channel, and the column pixel points represent the sampling time. Thanks to the modern and mature CMOS semiconductor process, the technology can realize the parallelization and synchronous acquisition of thousands of data channels, the sampling rate can reach 1 GHz, and the sampling accuracy can reach 16 bits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural and working principle schematic diagram of a high-speed multi-channel parallelized data acquisition system of an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) is a side view and (b) is a top view.
[0027] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is an image of a focused light beam captured by an optical camera when the high-speed light beam deflection module is stationary, wherein (a) is an image when the focused light beam is a laser line, and (b) is an image when the focused light beam is a focal point array.
[0028] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a parallelized multi-channel data acquisition schematic diagram based on an optical camera when the high-speed light beam deflection module scans and the focused light beam is a laser line.
[0029] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a parallelized multi-channel data acquisition schematic diagram based on an optical camera when the high-speed light beam deflection module scans and the focused light beam is a focal point array.
[0030] 1-probe laser, 2-optical sensor array, 3-high-speed light beam deflection module, 4-focusing lens, 5-optical camera, 6-synchronous trigger circuit, 7-computer, 8-probe light beam, 9-sensor output light beam, 10-deflected light beam, 11-focused light beam, 12-time-space conversion image, 13-single-channel data, 14-multi-channel data. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0032] Embodiment 1
[0033] As Figure 1As shown, a high-speed multi-channel parallelization data acquisition system based on optical sensing and space-time conversion, comprising a probe laser 1, an optical sensor array 2, a high-speed beam deflection module 3, a focusing lens 4, an optical camera 5, the synchronous trigger circuit 6 and a computer 7, wherein:
[0034] The probe laser 1 is the light source of the optical sensor array 2, which receives the probe beam 8 output by the probe laser 1 and the to-be-measured quantity, and outputs a sensor output beam 9; preferably, the probe laser 1 is connected to the optical sensor array 2 via free space or fiber coupling, etc., and the optical sensor array 2 includes but is not limited to a fiber sensor array, a thin film interferometer, etc. The optical sensor array 2 is composed of a plurality of identical or different optical sensors, each of which serves as an independent measurement unit. In the optical sensor array 2, the probe beam 8 interacts with the to-be-measured physical, chemical or biological quantity, converts the change of the to-be-measured quantity into the intensity change of the sensor output beam 9, and after calibration, can reflect the change of the to-be-measured physical, chemical or biological quantity. The sensor output beam 9 output by the optical sensor array 2 contains a single or multiple beams, and the intensity change of a part or one of them represents the output of an optical sensor in the optical sensor array 2.
[0035] The high-speed beam deflection module 3 is used for deflection of the sensor output beam 9 when it is static, so that the output angle changes to form a deflected beam 10, as shown in the top view of Figure 1 When the high-speed beam deflection module 3 works (rotates), it is used for scanning the sensor output beam 9, preferably, the high-speed beam deflection module 3 includes but is not limited to a galvanometer mirror, a rotating polygon mirror, a micro-electro-mechanical device or any other device capable of causing rapid deflection of the reflection or transmission angle of the light beam.
[0036] The photosensitive surface of the optical camera 5 is located at the back focal plane of the focusing lens 4 to record the space-time conversion image 12 formed by the focused beam 11, preferably, the optical camera 5 includes but is not limited to a charge-coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or other available types of two-dimensional photodetector arrays, and the column pixel orientation of the optical camera 5 is consistent with the deflection axis direction of the high-speed beam deflection module 3, i.e. Figure 1 The y-axis direction in the side view; the orientation of the row pixels is Figure 1 The x-axis direction in the top view;
[0037] The synchronous trigger circuit 6 receives instructions from the computer 7, sends or receives a synchronization pulse signal, and is used for synchronization triggering between the initial deflection of the high-speed beam deflection module 3 and the initial exposure of the optical camera 5.
[0038] The computer 7 is used to control the optical camera 5 and the synchronous trigger circuit 6, and is communicatively connected with the optical camera 5 to collect and process the space-time conversion image 12, and to perform extraction, visualization display and storage, saving and display of multi-channel data. The computer 7 indirectly controls the starting deflection of the high-speed beam deflection module 3 and the starting exposure of the optical camera 5 through the synchronous trigger circuit 6.
[0039] Embodiment 2
[0040] This embodiment is based on the high-speed multi-channel parallelized data acquisition system of embodiment 1, and provides a high-speed multi-channel parallelized data acquisition method, including the following steps:
[0041] In the optical sensor array 2, after the probe beam 8 interacts with the to-be-measured, the optical property of the probe beam 8 changes, and is further converted into a change in the intensity of the probe beam 8, and an output sensor output beam 9 is output. Preferably, the to-be-measured is a physical quantity, a chemical quantity or a biological quantity, and preferably the optical property is amplitude, polarization, phase, propagation direction, etc.
[0042] The high-speed beam deflection module 3 has two working states:
[0043] When the high-speed beam deflection module 3 is at rest, the focusing lens 4 focuses the deflected beam 10 into a focused beam 11, and forms a laser line or a one-dimensional laser focal point array on the back focal plane of the focusing lens 4 (when the sensor output beam 9 output by the optical sensor array 2 is a spatially continuous single laser beam, a laser line is formed on the back focal plane of the focusing lens 4, and when the sensor output beam 9 output by the optical sensor array 2 is a spatially separated beam array, a point array is formed on the back focal plane of the focusing lens 4), which is oriented parallel to the deflection axis of the high-speed beam deflection module 3, i.e. Figure 1 the y-axis direction in the side view. When the data acquisition system starts to work, the high-speed beam deflection module 3 deflects, and the focusing lens 4 converts the angular displacement of the deflected beam 10 into linear displacement of the focused beam 11 along the x direction, as shown in Figure 1 the top view.
[0044] When the high-speed beam deflection module 3 is at rest, the focused beam 11 forms a linear or one-dimensional point array image on the optical camera 5, and the direction is parallel to the column of pixels. At this time, the optical camera 5 collects a static image, as shown in Figure 2 Each point on the linear or one-dimensional point array image corresponds to a single sensor unit in the optical sensor array 2, and the change in its intensity reflects the output of the optical sensor unit.
[0045] When the data acquisition system starts working, the high-speed beam deflection module 3 scans (rotates), and the focused beam 11 begins to move rapidly along the horizontal direction of the optical camera 5 on its photosensitive unit. This process occupies the entire exposure time of the optical camera, so after exposure, the optical camera 5 records a two-dimensional image, i.e., a space-time transformed image. Specifically: during the exposure and integration process of the optical camera 5, the laser line or one-dimensional laser focal array formed by the focused beam 11 rapidly scans along the x-axis on the photosensitive surface of the optical camera 5, sequentially sensing the column pixels of the optical camera 5 with the scanning time, and forming an image like this after exposure. Figure 3 , 4 The spatiotemporal transformation image 12 is shown. When the focused beam 11 is a laser line, the spatiotemporal transformation image 12 is a continuous two-dimensional image. When the focused beam 11 is a laser focal array, the spatiotemporal transformation image 12 formed is multiple parallel stripes.
[0046] Thus, the time-space conversion mechanism transforms the optical camera into a high-speed, multi-channel, high-precision data acquisition system. When the focused beam 11 is a laser line, each row of pixels in the recorded time-space converted image 12 represents one high-speed data acquisition channel, while the column pixels represent the sampling time. When the focused beam 11 is a laser focal array, each strip in the recorded time-space converted image 12 represents one high-speed data acquisition channel, while the column pixels represent the sampling time. The intensity profile of each row of pixels or each strip in the time-space converted image 12 is extracted to obtain single-channel data 13, which is then aggregated into multi-channel data 14.
[0047] Through this time-space transformation mechanism, the fluctuations of the measurement over time are converted into the spatial fluctuations of the intensity of the time-space transformed image 12.
[0048] The computer 7 is communicatively connected to the optical camera 5 to acquire and process the spatiotemporal conversion image. The computer 7 indirectly controls the initial deflection of the high-speed beam deflection module 3 and the initial exposure of the optical camera 5 through the synchronous trigger circuit 6.
[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-speed, multi-channel parallel data acquisition system based on optical sensing and spatiotemporal conversion, characterized in that, It includes a detection laser, an optical sensor array, a high-speed beam deflection module, a focusing lens, an optical camera, a synchronous triggering circuit, and a computer, among which: The detection laser is the light source of the optical sensor array. The optical sensor array receives the beam to be measured and the detection beam output by the detection laser, and outputs the sensor output beam. The high-speed beam deflection module scans the sensor output beam and outputs a dynamically deflected beam. The focusing lens is located beyond one focal length of the high-speed beam deflection module, and focuses the deflected beam to form a focused beam. The photosensitive surface of the optical camera is located at the back focal plane of the focusing lens to record the spatiotemporal transformation image formed by the focused beam; the computer is communicatively connected to the optical camera to acquire and process the spatiotemporal transformation image for multi-channel data extraction, visualization display and storage; the computer is communicatively connected to the high-speed beam deflection module and the optical camera through the synchronous trigger circuit.
2. The high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection laser is connected to the optical sensor array via free space or fiber optic coupling.
3. The high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical sensor array includes, but is not limited to, fiber optic sensor arrays or thin-film interferometers.
4. The high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical sensor array consists of multiple identical or different optical sensors, each of which serves as an independent measurement unit.
5. The high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed beam deflection module includes, but is not limited to, a galvanometer mirror, a rotating polygon mirror, and a microelectromechanical device.
6. The high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical camera includes, but is not limited to, charge-coupled devices or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices.
7. The high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The column pixel orientation of the optical camera is consistent with the deflection axis direction of the high-speed beam deflection module.
8. The working method of the high-speed multi-channel parallel data acquisition system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: In the optical sensor array, after the probe beam interacts with the target, the optical properties of the probe beam change, which is further converted into an intensity change of the probe beam and output by the sensor. The optical sensor array converts the change in the target into an intensity change of the sensor output beam. The high-speed beam deflection module scans the sensor output beam to form a dynamic deflected beam. The focusing lens converts the angular displacement of the deflected beam into the linear displacement of the focused beam in the scanning direction. When the focused beam is a laser line, the laser line moves horizontally on the optical camera, forming a continuous two-dimensional spatiotemporal conversion image. Each row of pixels in the spatiotemporal conversion image represents a high-speed data acquisition channel, and the column pixels represent the sampling time. When the focused beam is a one-dimensional laser focus array, the one-dimensional laser focus array moves horizontally on the optical camera to form multiple parallel stripes. The spatiotemporal conversion image consists of multiple parallel stripes, each strip representing a high-speed data acquisition channel, and the column pixels representing the sampling time. Each high-speed data acquisition channel corresponds to acquiring a data that is to be measured and changes over time. The computer is communicatively connected to the optical camera to acquire and process the spatiotemporal conversion image. The computer indirectly controls the initial deflection of the high-speed beam deflection module and the initial exposure of the optical camera through the synchronous trigger circuit.
9. The working method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The quantity to be measured is a physical quantity, a chemical quantity, or a biological quantity.
10. The working method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The optical properties include one or more of amplitude, polarization, phase, and propagation direction.