Isolation switch with composite arc extinguishing and intelligent control functions and control method

Abstract

The invention provides an isolating switch with composite arc extinguishing and intelligent control functions. The intelligent control module is provided with a microprocessor, a communication module and a sensor unit; the composite arc extinguishing module is composed of a magnetic blow-out coil arranged near a contact and a compressed air device connected with an arc extinguishing chamber; and the operating mechanism module comprises an operating mechanism, a transmission part, a contact and a plug-in electrical connection structure, wherein the operating mechanism and the transmission part are made of high-strength alloy materials, and the surface of the contact is plated with a high-conductivity metal coating. According to the invention, the arc extinguishing time is shortened, the contact and equipment are effectively protected, the occurrence probability of electrical accidents is reduced, and the safety and stability of a power system are improved; remote monitoring and automatic control of the isolating switch are realized, operation and maintenance management of a power system is facilitated, and the safety risk of manual operation is reduced; the overall reliability and the service life of the isolating switch are improved, the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost of equipment are reduced, the power failure time caused by equipment faults is reduced, and the continuity and the reliability of power supply are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and particularly relates to a disconnecting switch with composite arc extinguishing and intelligent control and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the power system, the disconnecting switch is an important electrical equipment, which is used to open and close the circuit under no-load current condition, and plays a role of isolating power supply and switching operation. However, the existing disconnecting switch has many problems:

[0003] 1. Insufficient arc extinguishing performance: When the disconnecting switch is opened, an arc will be generated between the contacts. If the arc is not extinguished in time or not completely, the arc may continue to burn, damaging the contacts and surrounding equipment, and even causing electrical accidents. The arc extinguishing mode of some existing disconnecting switches is relatively traditional, the arc extinguishing time is long, and the effect is not ideal.

[0004] 2. Not intelligent enough: Most disconnecting switches rely on manual on-site operation, and cannot realize remote monitoring and automatic control, which is difficult to meet the demand of modern intelligent power grid for intelligent management of equipment. In some harsh environments or emergency situations, manual operation has safety risks and is inefficient.

[0005] 3. Reliability needs to be improved: The mechanical structure and electrical connection part of the existing disconnecting switch are easily affected by environmental factors such as humidity, temperature change and electrical stress during long-term operation, resulting in poor contact, mechanical part wear and other problems, which reduces the reliability and service life of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the application provides a disconnecting switch with composite arc extinguishing and intelligent control and a control method to solve the problems of poor arc extinguishing performance, non-intelligent operation and low reliability of the existing disconnecting switch.

[0007] In a first aspect, the application embodiment provides a disconnecting switch with composite arc extinguishing and intelligent control, comprising,

[0008] an intelligent control module including a microprocessor, a communication module and a sensor unit, the sensor unit being used to monitor the operating parameters of the disconnecting switch in real time and transmit them to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor being used to control the operation of the disconnecting switch according to the monitoring data;

[0009] a composite arc extinguishing module composed of a magnetic blow coil arranged near the contact and a compressed air device connected with the arc extinguishing chamber, the magnetic blow coil being used to generate a magnetic field that lengthens the arc and moves it to the arc extinguishing chamber when the switch is opened, and the compressed air device being used to spray cooling air flow into the arc extinguishing chamber;

[0010] The operating mechanism module comprises an operating mechanism and a transmission component made of high-strength alloy material, and a contact and plug-in electrical connection structure with a surface plated with a high-conductivity metal coating;

[0011] The intelligent control module is embedded in the shell, and data interaction and remote control are performed through a wireless communication module connected to a remote monitoring platform.

[0012] Preferably, the compressed air device comprises an air tank and a pressure regulating valve, and can provide compressed air with a pressure of 0.4-0.8 MPa. The compressed air device is connected to the arc extinguishing chamber through a pipeline and is provided with a control valve and a flow regulator for adjusting the injection pressure and flow of the compressed air. The magnetic blow coil is made of 20-50 turns of high-temperature-resistant copper alloy wire with a wire diameter of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the arc extinguishing chamber is made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic material, and the inner wall is coated with a high-temperature-resistant insulating coating. The arc extinguishing chamber is provided with a labyrinth air flow channel comprising 3-7 turning sections, and the total length is not less than 150 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the sensor unit comprises,

[0015] A temperature sensor is installed 5-10 mm away from the contact, and the measurement accuracy is ±1℃, for real-time monitoring of the contact temperature.

[0016] A current sensor is connected in series in the circuit to detect the current in the circuit.

[0017] A voltage sensor is connected in parallel in the circuit to detect the voltage in the circuit.

[0018] A position sensor is installed on the operating mechanism to monitor the opening and closing position.

[0019] The signal output ends of the sensors are connected to the input ports of the microprocessor through wires.

[0020] Preferably, the communication module adopts RS485, Ethernet and wireless Wi-Fi communication protocols, and the microprocessor integrates an arc prediction function with a response time of less than 10 ms.

[0021] Preferably, the contact surface is plated with a metal coating with a thickness of 20-50 μm, and the plug-in connector has a mistaken insertion prevention structure with a contact resistance of less than 20 μΩ.

[0022] In a second aspect, a control method of a disconnecting switch comprises the following steps:

[0023] Real-time acquisition of current, voltage and temperature parameters through sensors;

[0024] When the current change rate di / dt exceeds the set threshold, the pre-opening program is started.

[0025] The compressed air flow and the magnetic field intensity are dynamically adjusted according to the arc intensity.

[0026] The set threshold value is 10A / μs-50A / μs, and the adjustment process adopts a PID algorithm, and the response time is less than 5ms.

[0027] The embodiment of the application brings the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The arc extinguishing structure greatly improves the arc extinguishing ability of the disconnecting switch, shortens the arc extinguishing time, effectively protects the contacts and equipment, reduces the probability of electrical accidents, and improves the safety and stability of the power system. The intelligent control module realizes remote monitoring and automatic control of the disconnecting switch, facilitates operation and maintenance management of the power system, improves operation efficiency, reduces safety risks of manual operation, and is especially suitable for operation in harsh environments and emergency situations. The enhanced reliability design improves the overall reliability and service life of the disconnecting switch, reduces the number of equipment maintenance and maintenance costs, reduces the downtime caused by equipment failure, and improves the continuity and reliability of power supply.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following specification, and some features will become apparent from the specification, or will be understood by those skilled in the art upon implementation of the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application are achieved and obtained by the structure specifically pointed out in the specification, claims and drawings.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are specifically described below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The overall structure of the disconnecting switch is provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 The disconnecting switch structure section view is provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 The composite arc extinguishing module structure is provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 The arc extinguishing process timing diagram is provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 The intelligent control module connection diagram is provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 The intelligent control module principle block is provided for the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 The remote monitoring system architecture diagram provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0038] Figure 8 The arc-extinguishing chamber labyrinth structure sectional view provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0039] Figure 9 The contact plating process schematic diagram provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] Embodiment 1, a disconnecting switch with composite arc-extinguishing and intelligent control, based on the disconnecting switch shell, comprising an intelligent control module, a composite arc-extinguishing module, and an operating mechanism module.

[0042] In combination Figures 1-2 As shown in the figure, the operating mechanism module comprises an operating mechanism and transmission components made of high-strength alloy materials, and contacts and plug-in electrical connection structures with a high-conductivity metal coating on the surface. The contacts comprise a static contact, a moving contact, a moving contact support, a moving contact steel frame, and a compression spring.

[0043] Specifically, the mechanical operating part is manufactured by a precision machining process to manufacture the operating mechanism and transmission components, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface quality. During installation, strictly follow the assembly drawing and process requirements to operate, adjust the gap and fit accuracy between the mechanical components, and ensure that the operating mechanism operates flexibly and reliably. Optimize the design of the operating mechanism to reduce the friction and gap between the mechanical components, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the opening and closing operation.

[0044] The electrical connection part adopts a new plug-in connection mode, and a high-conductivity and low-contact-resistance metal coating, such as silver alloy, is coated on the surface of the contact, with a coating thickness of 20-50 μm. The plug-in connector has a mistaken insertion prevention structure, the contact resistance is less than 20 μΩ, the plating process parameters are strictly controlled to ensure the thickness and uniformity of the coating, the conductivity and corrosion resistance of the contact are improved, the stability and reliability of the electrical connection are improved, the heating and failure caused by poor contact are reduced. Ensure that the plug and socket are in good contact, and set a anti-loosening device at the connection.

[0045] In combination Figures 3-4As shown, the composite arc-extinguishing module adopts a composite arc-extinguishing mode combining magnetic blow arc-extinguishing and gas blow arc-extinguishing. A magnetic blow coil is arranged near the contact of the disconnector. When an arc is generated during disconnection, the magnetic blow coil generates a magnetic field, which causes the arc to be rapidly elongated and moved to the arc-extinguishing chamber under the action of the magnetic field force. At the same time, a compressed air device is used to spray high-speed airflow into the arc-extinguishing chamber, further cooling and dispersing the arc, accelerating the arc-extinguishing speed and improving the arc-extinguishing effect.

[0046] Specifically, the magnetic blow coil is tightly wound around the contact of the disconnector, ensuring that the magnetic field can effectively act on the arc. According to the rated current and voltage of the disconnector, the number of turns, wire diameter and material of the magnetic blow coil are reasonably selected to generate a magnetic field with sufficient strength. The compressed air device includes a gas storage tank and a pressure regulating valve, and is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber through a pipeline and provided with a control valve and a flow regulator for adjusting the injection pressure and flow of compressed air according to actual arc-extinguishing requirements. The compressed air device can use a small air compressor or a gas storage tank as the air source. The arc-extinguishing chamber is made of ceramic material resistant to high temperature and arc erosion, the inner wall is coated with a high-temperature-resistant insulating coating, and a special labyrinth airflow passage with 3-7 turning sections is arranged inside, with a total length not less than 150 mm to increase the travel and residence time of the arc in the arc-extinguishing chamber, thereby enhancing arc-extinguishing and erosion.

[0047] Further, the magnetic blow coil uses 20-50 turns of high-temperature-resistant copper alloy coil with a wire diameter of 0.2-0.5 mm. When disconnected, a pulse current is passed to generate a 0.8-1.2 T magnetic field, and the arc elongation speed reaches 20 m / s. The power of the air blowing device micro-vortex compressor is 800 W, providing 0.4-0.8 MPa compressed air, which is sprayed through an annular nozzle array with a gas flow speed of ≥150 m / s. The arc-extinguishing chamber uses an AlO ceramic arc-extinguishing chamber with a temperature resistance of ≥1500°C, a labyrinth structure containing 5 turning sections with a total length of 180 mm, and an inner wall coated with a 200 μm thick AlO-ZrO composite coating.

[0048] In combination Figures 5-7 As shown, the intelligent control module adopts a layered modular design, including an integrated microprocessor, a communication unit and a sensor unit. The sensor unit monitors the disconnector's disconnection and connection state, contact temperature, current, voltage and other parameters in real time, and transmits data to the microprocessor. The microprocessor analyzes and processes the data according to the preset program and threshold values, and when an abnormal situation is detected, an alarm signal is sent in time, and the disconnector's disconnection and connection operation can be remotely controlled through the communication unit. The communication unit supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to RS485, Ethernet, wireless Wi-Fi, facilitating data interaction and remote control with the monitoring center of the power system or other intelligent devices, and realizing intelligent management of the disconnector. The abnormal situations include overcurrent, overheating, poor contact, etc.

[0049] Specifically, the sensor unit includes temperature sensors, current sensors and voltage sensors, and position sensors. The temperature sensors are installed 5-10 mm away from the contacts, with a measurement accuracy of ±1℃, for real-time monitoring of the contact temperature; the current sensors and voltage sensors are connected in series and parallel in the circuit, respectively, to detect the current and voltage in the circuit; the position sensor is a switching state sensor installed on the operating mechanism for sensing the switching position of the disconnecting switch. The signal output ends of the various sensors are connected to the input ports of the microprocessor through wires.

[0050] The integrated microprocessor uses a stable and fast processor, which is integrated with the communication module on a circuit board and packaged in the intelligent control module shell. The corresponding circuit is designed on the circuit board to realize the electrical connection between the microprocessor and the sensor unit, the communication module, and the disconnecting switch control circuit. Specifically, the microprocessor has a built-in arc prediction model. When di / dt>10A / μs is detected, the pre-opening program is started, and the air pressure is dynamically adjusted to 0.7MPa, with an opening time error of <5ms.

[0051] Further, the control program with the microprocessor is set to realize data acquisition, analysis and processing, alarm judgment and remote control, and reasonable threshold values and alarm rules are set to ensure that the alarm signal can be sent in time and accurately and the corresponding control operation can be performed when the equipment is abnormal. The software part of the communication module is configured and programmed according to the selected communication protocol to realize the communication function with external devices.

[0052] Embodiment 2, a control method of a disconnecting switch, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Real-time acquisition of current, voltage and temperature parameters by sensors;

[0054] When the current change rate di / dt exceeds the set threshold value, the pre-opening program is started;

[0055] According to the arc intensity, the compressed air flow and the magnetic field intensity are dynamically adjusted.

[0056] Wherein, the set threshold value is 10A / μs-50A / μs, and the adjustment process uses PID algorithm with a response time of less than 5ms.

[0057] Embodiment 3, in combination Figure 8 The cross-sectional view of the labyrinth structure of the arc-extinguishing chamber, the content about the forming process(precision casting) of the arc-extinguishing chamber ceramic piece, including,

[0058] Mold making: According to the design size and shape of the arc-extinguishing chamber, use high-temperature-resistant and high-precision mold materials to make molds, ensure that the size accuracy and surface finish of the mold meet the requirements. The mold should include the forming parts of the arc-extinguishing chamber body, internal labyrinth channel and other related structures.

[0059] Ceramic slurry preparation: Select high-purity high-temperature-resistant ceramic raw materials (such as Al O ceramic raw materials), mix them with appropriate additives and solvents, and make uniform ceramic slurry through ball milling, stirring and other processes. Control the particle size distribution, fluidity and viscosity of the slurry to meet the requirements of precision casting.

[0060] Pouring: Pour the prepared ceramic slurry into the mold in a vacuum or low-pressure environment to ensure that the slurry can uniformly fill all parts of the mold, especially the complex labyrinth channel structure. During pouring, auxiliary means such as vibration and centrifugation can be used to improve the filling ability and density of the slurry.

[0061] Demolding and preliminary processing: After the ceramic slurry is solidified and formed in the mold, carefully demold the ceramic body and perform preliminary processing to remove excess edges and corners. Check the size accuracy and surface quality of the body and repair any defects.

[0062] Sintering: Place the preliminarily processed ceramic body in a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering. The heating process should follow a specific sintering curve, controlling parameters such as heating rate, sintering temperature and holding time. The sintering temperature should reach 1500°C or above, and the ceramic body should be densified and its strength and high-temperature resistance improved.

[0063] Final processing and detection: Perform final processing such as grinding and polishing on the sintered ceramic part to achieve the required size accuracy and surface finish. Finally, conduct comprehensive quality detection on the ceramic part, including size measurement, density detection, strength testing, high-temperature resistance testing and internal defect detection, to ensure that the product quality meets the standards.

[0064] Example 4, combined Figure 9 with the contact plating process diagram, the content about the contact plating process (vacuum plating parameters), structurally includes the substrate, cladding layer, molten pool and powder feeding nozzle, and the specific operation is,

[0065] Pre-plating treatment: Strictly clean and degrease the surface of the contact, remove oil stains, impurities and oxidation layers on the surface, and use organic solvent cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning and other methods. Then perform activation treatment to make the contact surface active, improve the adhesion between the plating layer and the substrate, for example, use dilute acid solution for activation.

[0066] Vacuum plating equipment preparation: Place the pre-plating treated contacts into the vacuum chamber of the vacuum plating equipment, vacuumize to a certain vacuum degree, such as 10 Pa, to reduce gas interference during plating. 3 -10 Pa, to reduce gas interference during plating.

[0067] Plating material selection and placement: Select appropriate plating materials according to the required plating metal, such as silver alloy, and place them in specific positions of the vacuum plating equipment, such as evaporation source or sputtering target position.

[0068] Plating parameter setting: Set key plating parameters, including plating temperature such as 100-300℃, current density such as 0.5-2A / dm 2 , plating time (determined according to the required coating thickness, such as 20-50μm thick coating, plating time about 30-60 minutes) etc. During plating, keep these parameters stable.

[0069] Plating process monitoring: During plating, monitor the thickness, temperature, etc. of the plating layer in real time through monitoring equipment (such as film thickness monitor, temperature sensor, etc.), ensure that the plating process is carried out according to the predetermined parameters, and ensure the uniformity and quality stability of the coating.

[0070] Post-plating treatment: After plating is completed, the contacts are taken out of the vacuum chamber and necessary post-plating treatment is carried out, such as passivation treatment of the plating layer to improve its corrosion resistance; check the quality of the plating layer, including surface flatness, presence or absence of defects, adhesion, etc., and rework or scrap unqualified products.

[0071] The test data of key parameters such as arc extinction time, contact temperature rise, mechanical life, etc. are as follows:

[0072] Arc extinction time test data: After multiple tests, the arc extinction time of this disconnector under rated operating conditions is about 8ms on average, and under different current and voltage conditions, the arc extinction time fluctuates between 7-9ms, ensuring that the arc can be quickly and effectively extinguished under various operating conditions, protecting the safety of the equipment.

[0073] Contact temperature rise test data: In long-term current passing tests, when passing the rated current, the contact temperature rise stabilizes at about 40℃ within 1 hour, which is much lower than the allowable temperature rise limit specified in the industry standard. Even under the condition of 1.2 times the rated current overload, the contact temperature rise only reaches 55℃ after 2 hours of continuous operation, indicating that the contact has good heat dissipation performance and can effectively avoid poor contact and equipment failure caused by overheating.

[0074] Mechanical life test data: mechanical life test of 10000 times of opening and closing operation was carried out, and after the test, it was found that the wear of the operating mechanism and the transmission parts was very small, the fit clearance of each part still remained in the range of 0.05-0.1mm required by the design, the contact resistance change rate of the contact was less than 3%, the performance of the plug-in electrical connection structure was stable, there was no abnormal situation such as loosening and deformation, which proved that the mechanical structure of the disconnector had high reliability and could meet the use requirements of long-term frequent operation.

[0075] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprise", "comprising", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not limited to those elements, but can also include other elements not expressly listed, or inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A disconnecting switch with combined arc extinguishing and intelligent control, based on an insulating shell, characterized in that, include, The intelligent control module includes a microprocessor, a communication module, and a sensor unit. The sensor unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the disconnecting switch in real time and transmit them to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is used to control the operation of the disconnecting switch based on the monitoring data. The composite arc extinguishing module consists of a magnetic blow-out coil located near the contacts and a compressed air device connected to the arc extinguishing chamber. The magnetic blow-out coil is used to generate a magnetic field that elongates the arc and moves it into the arc extinguishing chamber when the circuit is opened, and the compressed air device is used to spray cooling airflow into the arc extinguishing chamber. The operating mechanism module includes an operating mechanism and transmission components made of high-strength alloy materials, as well as contacts and pluggable electrical connection structures with a surface coated with a highly conductive metal coating. The intelligent control module is embedded inside the housing and connects to a remote monitoring platform via a wireless communication module for data interaction and remote control.

2. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed air device includes an air storage tank and a pressure regulating valve, which can provide compressed air at 0.4-0.8 MPa. It is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber through a pipeline and is equipped with a control valve and a flow regulator for adjusting the injection pressure and flow rate of the compressed air. The magnetic blowout coil uses a 20-50 turn high-temperature resistant copper alloy coil with a wire diameter of 0.2-0.5mm.

3. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-extinguishing chamber is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material, with a high-temperature resistant insulating coating on the inner wall, and is equipped with a labyrinthine airflow channel containing 3-7 turning sections, with a total length of not less than 150mm.

4. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor unit includes, A temperature sensor, installed 5-10 mm from the contact, has a measurement accuracy of ±1℃ and is used to monitor the contact temperature in real time. A current sensor, connected in series in a circuit, detects the current in the circuit; A voltage sensor, connected in parallel in the circuit, detects the voltage in the circuit; A position sensor is installed on the operating mechanism to monitor the opening and closing position; The signal output terminals of each sensor are connected to the input port of the microprocessor via wires.

5. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module adopts RS485, Ethernet and wireless Wi-Fi communication protocols, and the microprocessor integrates arc prediction function with a response time of less than 10ms.

6. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating mechanism is made of aluminum alloy and has undergone T6 heat treatment. The clearance of the mechanical transmission parts is controlled within the range of 0.05-0.1mm.

7. The disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact surface is coated with a metal coating with a thickness of 20-50μm, and the pluggable connector has an anti-misinsertion structure with a contact resistance of less than 20μΩ.

8. The control method for the disconnecting switch according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The sensor collects current, voltage, and temperature parameters in real time. When the current change rate di / dt exceeds the set threshold, the pre-tripping procedure is initiated. The compressed air flow rate and magnetic field strength are dynamically adjusted according to the electric arc intensity.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The set threshold is 10A / μs-50A / μs, and the adjustment process uses a PID algorithm with a response time of less than 5ms.

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