High-energy-efficiency battery swap station liquid cooling system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery heat dissipation systems, in particular to a high-energy-efficiency battery swap station liquid cooling system which comprises an equipment host and an external pipeline, the equipment host comprises a water pump module, a pipeline, a heat dissipation module, a filter and a controller, and the heat dissipation module comprises a dry cooler and a plate heat exchanger. The liquid outlet end of the water pump module communicates with an electric three-way valve, and the other two ends of the electric three-way valve communicate with the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger through pipelines correspondingly. According to the structure, the liquid cooling self-circulation and natural air cooling technology is adopted, in the low-temperature working condition, a compressor does not need to be started, a liquid cooling self-circulation mode is started, anti-freezing liquid is automatically controlled through a valve, the temperature of the anti-freezing liquid is reduced through the evaporator, the dry cooler and the natural air cooling technology, and then the anti-freezing liquid directly enters a cooled object for heat dissipation; the energy efficiency of the whole machine is improved by reducing starting of the compressor and reducing power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery heat dissipation system technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency liquid cooling system for battery swapping stations and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, one of the major challenges facing the industry is how to quickly replenish their energy, making them as convenient as traditional gasoline-powered cars. The emergence of charging and battery swapping stations has successfully solved this problem. These stations are facilities for quickly replacing the battery packs of electric vehicles. Battery temperature management is a critical factor in this process, as overheated batteries can lead to performance degradation, shortened lifespan, and even safety hazards. Under high-rate charging and discharging conditions, traditional natural cooling and forced air cooling often cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements. Therefore, liquid cooling, with its higher heat dissipation efficiency, is increasingly becoming the mainstream heat dissipation method for lithium batteries.

[0003] Existing liquid cooling systems for charging and battery swapping stations primarily focus on solving the thermal management of batteries and their environment. Their goal is simply to achieve the target temperature of the object being cooled through the liquid cooling system, while ignoring the energy consumption and annual and life-cycle costs of the liquid cooling system in the application scenario of battery swapping stations.

[0004] The application scenario of battery swapping stations involves the continuous replacement of batteries. When a depleted battery is swapped into the station for charging, the liquid cooling system needs to operate for thermal management. Therefore, the frequency and operating time of the liquid cooling system are very long, especially in commercial vehicle swapping stations, which operate under high load 24 / 7. Since it cannot switch cooling modes according to ambient temperature, prolonged and unnecessary use of the compressor for cooling in low ambient temperatures results in high power consumption. Therefore, the liquid cooling system needs further focus on reducing its operating power to lower the energy consumption of the swapping station and bring more benefits to the customer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station and its control method, which reduces operating power under both high and low ambient temperature conditions, and creates a control method to achieve low-energy automatic operation to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0006] This invention provides a high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station, comprising a main unit and external piping. The main unit includes a water pump module, piping, a heat dissipation module, a filter, and a controller. The heat dissipation module includes a dry cooler and a plate heat exchanger. The outlet of the water pump module is connected to an electric three-way valve. The other two ends of the electric three-way valve are connected to the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger respectively via piping. The outlets of the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger are connected to the inlet of the external piping via piping and a clamp interface of the main unit. The inlet of the water pump module is connected to the outlet of the external piping via piping and a clamp interface of the main unit. Manual butterfly valves and temperature sensors are installed at the connections between the piping and the external piping. The inlet of the external piping is connected to a fan coil unit and a battery pack respectively via piping and is equipped with an electric ball valve. The outlets of the fan coil unit and the battery pack are connected to the outlet of the external piping via piping and are equipped with manual ball valves. Pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the water pump module. A safety valve is installed on one side of the water pump module's outlet. The water pump module includes a water pump and a stop valve. The system includes a return valve and a manual butterfly valve. The manual butterfly valve is connected to both ends of the water pump via a pipeline. The check valve is connected to the water pump outlet via a pipeline. The plate heat exchanger is equipped with a compressor system, which includes a compressor, a condenser, and an electronic expansion valve. The compressor suction end is connected to the plate heat exchanger, and the compressor discharge end is connected to the condenser. The other end of the condenser is connected to a frequency converter heat dissipation copper pipe. One side of the frequency converter heat dissipation copper pipe is connected to a dryer filter. The electronic expansion valve is connected to the dryer filter plate heat exchanger on both sides. The compressor suction end is equipped with a suction thermometer and a suction pressure gauge, and the compressor discharge end is equipped with a discharge thermometer and a discharge pressure gauge. Refrigerant inlets are provided between the suction thermometer and the suction pressure gauge, between the suction thermometer and the suction pressure gauge, and between the dryer filter and the electronic expansion valve. A filter is provided at the liquid inlet of the pipeline connecting to the external pipeline. A fan is provided at the dryer and condenser. The fan, electric three-way valve, water pump, compressor system, and electric ball valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0007] Preferably, the main unit of the equipment further includes a spray system, which includes a spray water pump, a receiving tray, a water supply pipe, and atomizing spray nozzles. The inlet of the spray water pump is connected to a filter and to the outlet of the receiving tray. The receiving tray is located below the dry cooler and condenser. The atomizing spray nozzles are connected to a spray temperature sensor and to the outlet of the spray water pump. The receiving tray is equipped with high and low liquid level switches. The water supply pipe extends into the receiving tray and is equipped with a water supply solenoid valve. The spray system is electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Preferably, the water pump module has a high-level water tank on one side of the inlet end, a filling valve at the top of the high-level water tank, an online liquid level sensor and a local liquid level sensor inside the high-level water tank, and an overflow port above the high-level water tank.

[0009] Preferably, the water pump module has a pipe connected to its inlet end and an electric ball valve at the outlet end.

[0010] Preferably, the water pump module is designed in two parallel sets, and the compressor system is designed in two sets and connected to the plate heat exchanger separately.

[0011] Preferably, a PTC heater is provided at the connection between the pipeline and the liquid inlet end of the external pipeline, and the PTC heater is a modular design.

[0012] Preferably, a drain valve is provided at a relatively low position on the pipe directly connected to the external pipe, and an automatic air vent valve is provided at a relatively high position on the pipe directly connected to the external pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the condenser is an aluminum microchannel heat exchanger, and the external piping is composed of steel pipe, rubber pipe, nylon pipe and corrugated pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the plate heat exchanger adopts a two-fluorine-one-water design, where two refrigerant cycles exchange heat with one coolant cycle through one plate heat exchanger.

[0015] Preferably, the method includes the following: S1. The operation method of the natural air cooling energy-saving mode is as follows: When the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 5℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-3, starting the water pump and fan. At the same time, the fan is controlled in two stages. The unit outlet water temperature is the control target. First, the number of fans running is controlled in one stage, and then the fan is regulated by frequency conversion. The PID control algorithm is used to accurately control the unit outlet water temperature. S2. The normal mode operation method is as follows: When the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 5℃ and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 30℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-2, starting the water pump and fan, and simultaneously starting the compressor for cooling. During the coolant circulation, the temperature of the medium entering the battery and the medium temperature at the battery outlet are monitored. If the temperature is too high or too low, the system will issue an alarm or shutdown warning. The PLC system uses a PID algorithm to adjust the compressor's operating frequency by actually detecting the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the target temperature of the medium required by the battery. S3. The operation method of the energy-saving mode of the spray function is as follows: When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 30℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-2, starting the water pump and fan, and simultaneously starting the compressor refrigeration and spray pump. When the spray water temperature exceeds the alarm set value of 45℃, an alarm for excessively high spray water temperature is issued. In the spray circuit, the default signal of the liquid level switch is 0. When the liquid level is too low, the low liquid level switch sends signal 1, the water replenishment solenoid valve opens, and the liquid is automatically replenished to the liquid collection tray. When the liquid level is replenished, the high liquid level switch sends signal 1, and the water replenishment solenoid valve closes.

[0016] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The structure provided by the present invention adopts liquid cooling self-circulation and natural air cooling technology. In low temperature conditions, there is no need to start the compressor. It enters the liquid cooling self-circulation mode. The antifreeze is automatically controlled by the valve. It does not pass through the evaporator. It passes through the dry cooler and the temperature of the antifreeze is reduced by natural air cooling technology. Then it directly enters the object being cooled to dissipate heat. By reducing the compressor start-up, power consumption is reduced and the overall energy efficiency is improved. 2. The structure provided by the present invention adopts spray-assisted heat dissipation technology. When the high temperature condition is reached, the spray circulation is activated and the spray water absorbs heat through evaporation to achieve auxiliary cooling of the dry cooler, which can create a lower condensing temperature for the refrigeration system, reduce the compressor power, and improve the overall energy efficiency. 3. The structure provided by this invention allows the dry cooler and condenser to share a common cooling fan in their structural design, thereby reducing equipment cost. 4. The structure provided by this invention includes manual valves installed at the inlet and outlet of the unit. When the unit needs maintenance, the valves can be closed without affecting the external piping. 5. The structure provided by the present invention has a filter that filters the medium before it passes through the battery, preventing impurities from flowing through the battery and causing blockage or other damage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device host system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external pipeline and equipment host connection system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a logic diagram of the control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Various embodiments of the present invention may exist in the form of a range. It should be understood that the description in the form of a range is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present invention. Therefore, it should be considered that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within that range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in the present invention, it means including any referenced number (fraction or integer) within the indicated range. Unless otherwise specifically stated, all raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased commercially or prepared using existing equipment.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" specifically refer to the orientation of the figures in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, in this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," etc., mean "including but not limited to." In this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this invention, "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In this invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "At least one," "at least one of the following," or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plural item. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" or "at least one of a, b, and c" can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be a single or multiple.

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station includes a main unit and external piping. The main unit includes a pump module, piping, a heat dissipation module, a filter, and a controller. The heat dissipation module includes a dry cooler and a plate heat exchanger. The outlet of the pump module is connected to an electric three-way valve. The other two ends of the electric three-way valve are connected to the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger respectively via piping. The outlets of the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger are connected to the inlet of the external piping via piping and the main unit's clamp interface. The inlet of the pump module is connected to the outlet of the external piping via piping and the main unit's clamp interface. Manual butterfly valves and temperature sensors are installed at the connections between the piping and the external piping. The inlet of the external piping is connected to the fan coil unit and the battery pack respectively via piping and is equipped with an electric ball valve. The outlets of the fan coil unit and the battery pack are connected to the outlet of the external piping via piping and are equipped with manual ball valves. Pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the pump module, and a safety valve is installed on one side of the pump module's outlet. The pump module includes a pump. The system includes a check valve and a manual butterfly valve. The manual butterfly valve is installed at both ends of the water pump via a pipeline, and the check valve is installed at the water pump outlet via a pipeline. The plate heat exchanger is equipped with a compressor system, which includes a compressor, a condenser, and an electronic expansion valve. The compressor suction end is connected to the plate heat exchanger, and the compressor discharge end is connected to the condenser. The other end of the condenser is connected to a frequency converter heat dissipation copper pipe. One side of the frequency converter heat dissipation copper pipe is connected to a dryer filter. The electronic expansion valve is connected to the dryer filter plate heat exchanger on both sides. The compressor suction end is equipped with a suction thermometer and a suction pressure gauge, and the compressor discharge end is equipped with a discharge thermometer and a discharge pressure gauge. Refrigerant injection ports are installed between the suction thermometer and the suction pressure gauge, between the suction thermometer and the suction pressure gauge, and between the dryer filter and the electronic expansion valve. A filter is installed at the liquid inlet end of the pipeline connecting to the external pipeline. Fans are installed at the dryer and condenser. The fans, electric three-way valve, water pump, compressor system, and electric ball valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] Specifically: The external piping consists of primary and secondary piping. The primary piping is the main pipeline, which contains several secondary pipeline branch interfaces. The secondary piping includes several battery pack circulation branches and fan coil unit circulation branches. Each secondary pipeline branch is equipped with an electric ball valve to control the on / off state of the branch. For example, when the battery needs cooling / heating, the electric ball valve is opened; when not needed, the electric ball valve is closed. Each secondary pipeline is also equipped with a manual valve, which can be closed when the battery pack malfunctions, serving as an online maintenance function. like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown: The main unit of the equipment also includes a spray system, which includes a spray water pump, a liquid receiving tray, a water supply pipe, and atomizing spray nozzles. The water inlet of the spray water pump is connected to a filter and to the liquid outlet of the liquid receiving tray. The liquid receiving tray is located below the dry cooler and condenser. The atomizing spray nozzles are connected to a spray temperature sensor and to the water outlet of the spray water pump. The liquid receiving tray is equipped with high and low liquid level switches. The water supply pipe extends into the liquid receiving tray and is equipped with a water supply solenoid valve. The spray system is electrically connected to the controller.

[0025] Specifically: Spray-assisted heat dissipation technology, when operating at high temperatures, activates the spray cycle, and the spray water absorbs heat through evaporation to assist in cooling the dry cooler, which can create a lower condensing temperature for the refrigeration system, reduce compressor power, and improve the overall energy efficiency; like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: A high-level water tank is provided on one side of the water pump module inlet end. A filling valve is provided at the top of the high-level water tank. An online liquid level sensor and a local liquid level sensor are provided inside the high-level water tank. An overflow port is provided above the high-level water tank.

[0026] Specifically: The elevated water tank is designed so that during initial system operation, the medium is replenished to the intermediate level. When the medium temperature changes, thermal expansion and contraction cause the coolant to expand or contract, leading to frequent system pressure fluctuations. The elevated water tank provides sufficient space for coolant expansion and contraction, avoiding these problems. Each battery pack replacement at the battery swapping station results in coolant loss. The elevated water tank has sufficient volume and coolant reserves to handle extended coolant losses, avoiding the drawbacks of conventional expansion tank designs and eliminating the need for a separate real-time replenishment device, thus reducing system cost and failure rate. The elevated water tank also features an online level sensor that monitors and reports the tank level in real time. An alarm is triggered when the level exceeds the warning line. The local level sensor allows maintenance personnel to easily observe the actual tank level. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: The water pump module has a pipe at the outlet end that connects to its inlet end and is equipped with an electric ball valve.

[0027] Specifically: When the number of batteries in operation is very small (e.g., 1-2), and the water pump frequency is reduced to the minimum but still cannot match the system flow demand, the bypass solenoid valve is opened to allow the excess flow to bypass back to the water pump inlet without passing through the battery, thus achieving the function of perfectly matching the flow control with the battery pack flow demand. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: the water pump module is designed in two parallel sets, and the compressor system is designed in two sets and connected to the plate heat exchanger separately.

[0028] Specifically: when one pump fails, the other pump can maintain half of its capacity to ensure the unit does not shut down; each pump is equipped with a check valve and a maintenance butterfly valve before and after, enabling the pump to be maintained online. When one pump fails, maintenance can be carried out without shutting down the entire unit. The unit adopts a dual-compressor design, which makes the overall system more reliable. Even after one pump fails, it still has half of its working capacity. In addition, the control system monitors the running time of the two compressors and performs balanced control of running time to extend the service life of the compressors. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: A PTC heater is installed at the connection between the pipeline and the liquid inlet of the external pipeline. The PTC heater is a modular design.

[0029] Specifically: The electric heating function set in the coolant circulation adopts a modular design, and the number of activations and heating power can be controlled according to actual needs. When the battery or battery compartment environment needs to be heated, the electric heater is controlled to start working. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: A drain valve is installed at the lower position of the pipe directly connected to the external pipe, and an automatic air vent valve is installed at the higher position of the pipe directly connected to the external pipe.

[0030] Specifically: when the system needs maintenance or the cooling medium needs to be replaced, the medium can be discharged from the low position of the unit by manually opening the drain valve; when the gas in the system accumulates to a certain level, the automatic exhaust valve will open to discharge the gas. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: The condenser uses an aluminum microchannel heat exchanger, and the external piping consists of steel pipes, rubber pipes, nylon pipes, and corrugated pipes.

[0031] Specifically: the condenser has high heat exchange efficiency and small size; the external piping meets pressure resistance and cleanliness requirements; like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: The plate heat exchanger adopts a two-fluorine-one-water design, with two refrigerant cycles exchanging heat with one coolant cycle through one plate heat exchanger.

[0032] Specifically: the size of the evaporator was reduced, lowering the cost; like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: This includes the following methods: S1. The operation method of natural air cooling energy-saving mode is as follows: When the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 5℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-3, starting the water pump and fan. At the same time, the fan is controlled in two stages. The unit outlet water temperature is the control target. First, the number of fans running is controlled in one stage, and then the fan is regulated by frequency conversion. The PID control algorithm is used to accurately control the unit outlet water temperature. S2, the normal mode operation method is as follows: When the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 5℃ and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 30℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-2, starting the water pump and fan, and simultaneously starting the compressor for cooling. During the coolant circulation, the temperature of the medium entering the battery and the medium temperature at the battery outlet are monitored. If the temperature is too high or too low, the system will issue an alarm or shutdown warning. The PLC system uses a PID algorithm to adjust the compressor's operating frequency by actually detecting the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the target temperature of the medium required by the battery. The operation method of S3, the energy-saving mode of the spray function is as follows: When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 30℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-2, starting the water pump and fan, and simultaneously starting the compressor refrigeration and spray pump. When the spray water temperature exceeds the alarm set value of 45℃, an alarm for excessively high spray water temperature is issued. In the spray circuit, the default signal of the liquid level switch is 0. When the liquid level is too low, the low liquid level switch sends signal 1, the water replenishment solenoid valve opens, and the liquid is automatically replenished to the liquid collection tray. When the liquid level is replenished, the high liquid level switch sends signal 1, and the water replenishment solenoid valve closes.

[0033] Specifically: In the coolant circulation system, pressure sensors are installed at the pump's outlet and inlet to monitor the pressure data at these two locations in real time. The PLC system calculates the pressure difference (pump outlet - pump inlet) to determine whether the water circulation system is operating normally. If the pressure is too high or too low, the system will issue an alarm or shutdown warning. It can also analyze the corresponding system flow rate based on the pump performance database. Compared to other designs, this eliminates the need for flow sensors, reducing unit costs. For the refrigerant circulation system, suction / discharge temperature and pressure sensors are installed. The suction pressure sensor is placed in the refrigerant piping to detect the refrigerant's entry into the compressor, providing key parameters for compressor operation. The suction temperature sensor is placed in the refrigerant piping to monitor the refrigerant temperature, ensuring the compressor operates under optimal temperature conditions. When the pressure and temperature values ​​exceed the set warning values, the control system will issue an alarm or shutdown warning. The spray-assisted cooling technology activates the spray circulation under high-temperature conditions. The spray water absorbs heat through evaporation, assisting in cooling the dry cooler, creating a lower condensing temperature for the refrigeration system, reducing compressor power, and improving overall energy efficiency.

[0034] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this invention may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed in this invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station, comprising a main unit and external piping, wherein the main unit includes a water pump module, piping, a heat dissipation module, a filter, and a controller, characterized in that: The heat dissipation module includes a dry cooler and a plate heat exchanger. The outlet of the water pump module is connected to an electric three-way valve. The other two ends of the electric three-way valve are connected to the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger respectively via pipes. The outlets of the dry cooler and the plate heat exchanger are connected to the inlet of an external pipe via pipes and a main unit clamp interface. The inlet of the water pump module is connected to the outlet of the external pipe via pipes and a main unit clamp interface. Manual butterfly valves and temperature sensors are installed at the connections between the pipes and the external pipes. The inlet of the external pipe is connected to a fan coil unit and a battery pack respectively via pipes and is equipped with an electric ball valve. The outlets of the fan coil unit and the battery pack are connected to the outlet of the external pipe via pipes and are equipped with manual ball valves. Pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the water pump module. A safety valve is installed on one side of the water pump module's outlet. The water pump module includes a water pump, a check valve, and a manual butterfly valve. The manual butterfly valve is located at both ends of the water pump via pipes. The check valve... A compressor system is installed on the plate heat exchanger via a pipeline located at the water pump outlet. The compressor system includes a compressor, a condenser, and an electronic expansion valve. The compressor suction end is connected to the plate heat exchanger, and the compressor discharge end is connected to the condenser. The other end of the condenser is connected to a frequency converter heat dissipation copper pipe. A dryer filter is connected to one side of the frequency converter heat dissipation copper pipe. The electronic expansion valve is connected to the dryer filter plate heat exchanger on both sides. The compressor suction end is equipped with a suction thermometer and a suction pressure gauge, and the compressor discharge end is equipped with a discharge thermometer and a discharge pressure gauge. Refrigerant injection ports are provided between the suction thermometer and the suction pressure gauge, between the suction thermometer and the suction pressure gauge, and between the dryer filter and the electronic expansion valve. A filter is provided at the liquid inlet end of the pipeline connecting to the external pipeline. A fan is provided at the dryer and condenser. The fan, electric three-way valve, water pump, compressor system, and electric ball valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

2. The high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main unit of the equipment also includes a spray system, which includes a spray water pump, a receiving tray, a water supply pipe, and atomizing spray nozzles. The inlet of the spray water pump is connected to a filter and to the outlet of the receiving tray. The receiving tray is located below the dry cooler and condenser. The atomizing spray nozzles are connected to a spray temperature sensor and to the outlet of the spray water pump. The receiving tray is equipped with high and low liquid level switches. The water supply pipe extends into the receiving tray and is equipped with a water supply solenoid valve. The spray system is electrically connected to the controller.

3. A high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The water pump module has a high-level water tank on one side of the inlet end. The high-level water tank has a filling valve at the top. The high-level water tank is equipped with an online liquid level sensor and a local liquid level sensor. The high-level water tank has an overflow port at the top.

4. The high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water pump module has a pipe at its outlet end that connects to its inlet end and is equipped with an electric ball valve.

5. The high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water pump module is designed in two parallel sets, and the compressor system is designed in two sets and connected to the plate heat exchanger separately.

6. The high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 3, characterized in that: A PTC heater is installed at the connection between the pipeline and the inlet end of the external pipeline. The PTC heater is a modular design.

7. The high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drain valve is provided at a lower position relative to the external pipe on the pipe directly connected to it, and an automatic air vent valve is provided at a higher position relative to the external pipe on the pipe directly connected to it.

8. The high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser uses an aluminum microchannel heat exchanger, and the external piping consists of steel pipes, rubber pipes, nylon pipes, and corrugated pipes.

9. A high-efficiency liquid cooling system for a battery swapping station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plate heat exchanger adopts a two-fluorine-one-water design, with two refrigerant cycles exchanging heat with a coolant cycle through one plate heat exchanger.

10. The control method for a high-efficiency liquid cooling system in a battery swapping station according to claim 2, characterized in that: Including the following methods: S1. The operation method of the natural air cooling energy-saving mode is as follows: When the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 5℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-3, starting the water pump and fan. At the same time, the fan is controlled in two stages. The unit outlet water temperature is the control target. First, the number of fans running is controlled in one stage, and then the fan is regulated by frequency conversion. The PID control algorithm is used to accurately control the unit outlet water temperature. S2. The normal mode operation method is as follows: When the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 5℃ and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 30℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-2, starting the water pump and fan, and simultaneously starting the compressor for cooling. During the coolant circulation, the temperature of the medium entering the battery and the medium temperature at the battery outlet are monitored. If the temperature is too high or too low, the system will issue an alarm or shutdown warning. The PLC system uses a PID algorithm to adjust the compressor's operating frequency by actually detecting the difference between the unit outlet temperature and the target temperature of the medium required by the battery. S3. The operation method of the energy-saving mode of the spray function is as follows: When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to 30℃, the electric three-way valve opens to flow direction 1-2, starting the water pump and fan, and simultaneously starting the compressor refrigeration and spray pump. When the spray water temperature exceeds the alarm set value of 45℃, an alarm for excessively high spray water temperature is issued. In the spray circuit, the default signal of the liquid level switch is 0. When the liquid level is too low, the low liquid level switch sends signal 1, the water replenishment solenoid valve opens, and the liquid is automatically replenished to the liquid collection tray. When the liquid level is replenished, the high liquid level switch sends signal 1, and the water replenishment solenoid valve closes.

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