Hydropower station generator set load dynamic dead zone setting method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a load dynamic dead zone setting method and device for a hydropower station generator set. According to the hydropower station generator set load dynamic dead zone setting method, the load dead zone range can be dynamically adjusted according to the power grid dispatching mode, the unit operation condition, the water head change and other multi-dimensional parameters, the accuracy and adaptability of load adjustment are improved, and the control performance and the operation stability of power grid power balance are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dynamic load control technology for hydropower station generator sets, and in particular to a method and device for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator set load. Background Technology

[0002] As the proportion of new energy power generation in the power grid continues to increase, the power grid load fluctuations exhibit complex characteristics such as high frequency and uncertain amplitude, which puts forward higher requirements for the load regulation capabilities of hydropower station generator units.

[0003] As a crucial support unit for power grid peak shaving and frequency regulation, the load control accuracy of hydropower stations directly impacts the stability and economy of power grid power balance. In related technologies, a traditional load control system is constructed through the coordinated operation of fixed deadband settings and load command response mechanisms. Specifically, this system covers the entire process from receiving grid dispatch commands, parsing unit load commands, judging power deviations, to executing regulation actions, including key aspects such as deadband setting, response judgment, and regulation execution. However, existing fixed deadband setting methods directly adopt empirical settings or rated load ratios without adaptive adjustments based on dynamic factors such as grid dispatch modes, unit operating conditions, and head changes. This may lead to units failing to respond to small load fluctuations, resulting in regulation lag or overshoot, or, under complex operating conditions, unreasonable deadband settings, thus affecting load tracking accuracy and grid regulation efficiency, and reducing the regulation flexibility and operational stability of hydropower stations in modern power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to provide a method for setting the dynamic dead zone of a hydropower station generator unit load.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a device for setting the dynamic dead zone of a hydropower station generator set load.

[0007] The third objective of this application is to propose an electronic device.

[0008] The fourth objective of this application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0009] The fifth objective of this application is to provide a computer program product.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a method for setting dynamic dead zone of load for a hydropower station generator unit, comprising: S1, acquiring at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatch mode, generator unit operating conditions, and head changes; S2, based on the real-time operating parameter, matching a preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library to determine the currently applicable load dead zone range; S3, dynamically adjusting the load control dead zone setting of the generator unit according to the determined load dead zone range, so as to achieve refined tracking and control of the actual load value.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition of at least one real-time operating parameter among the power grid dispatching mode, unit operating condition and head change further includes: S11, identifying, according to the adjustment instructions issued by the power grid dispatching agency, any one of the following power adjustment modes: not undertaking adjustment, undertaking adjustment in a secondary emergency area, undertaking adjustment in an emergency area, or unconditionally undertaking adjustment; S12, determining, by monitoring the unit vibration signal, power output stability and head sensor data, that the unit is currently operating in any one of the following operating conditions: vibration zone, restricted operating zone or stable operating zone.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the currently applicable load dead zone range by matching the real-time operating parameters with a preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library further includes: S21, when the unit is in peak hours, setting the dead zone to ±0.5%; when in valley hours, setting the dead zone to ±2%; and when in normal hours, setting the dead zone to ±1%; S22, when the unit load is in the 0%-30% range, setting the dead zone to ±2%; when in the 30%-70% range, setting the dead zone to ±1%; and when in the 70%-100% range, setting the dead zone to ±0.5%.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: S4, generating a dead zone adjustment record based on the current dead zone setting result and uploading it to the dispatch monitoring system for subsequent operation analysis and optimization decision-making; S5, when a conflict is detected between the power grid dispatch mode and the unit operating condition, the dead zone setting corresponding to the dispatch mode is adopted first, and an early warning prompt that the operating condition and the dispatch mode are mismatched is issued to the operators.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a device for setting a dynamic dead zone load for a hydropower station generator unit, comprising: a real-time parameter acquisition module for acquiring at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatching mode, generator unit operating conditions, and head changes; a dead zone range determination module for determining the currently applicable load dead zone range based on the real-time operating parameters and matching a preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library; and a dead zone setting adjustment module for dynamically adjusting the load control dead zone setting of the generator unit according to the determined load dead zone range, so as to achieve refined tracking and control of the actual load value.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0016] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0017] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0020] The methods, apparatus, electronic devices, and computer-readable storage media of this invention can dynamically adjust the load dead zone range according to multi-dimensional parameters such as grid dispatching mode, unit operating conditions, and head changes, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of load regulation, enhancing the control performance of grid power balance, and improving the stability of hydropower station operation.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic dead zone setting device for hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for setting the dynamic dead zone of a hydropower station generator unit load includes the following steps:

[0034] S1, acquire at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatch mode, unit operating conditions, and head changes.

[0035] Specifically, the step of "acquiring at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatch mode, unit operating conditions, and head changes" is a crucial prerequisite for realizing the load-balanced dynamic dead zone setting method for hydropower station generator units. Its technical implementation principle is based on a real-time data acquisition and status identification mechanism. By integrating industrial automation platforms such as SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems, PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), or DCS (Distributed Control Systems), it performs multi-source data fusion and dynamic monitoring of power grid dispatch commands, unit operating status, and head changes, thereby providing a basis for the subsequent dynamic adjustment of dead zone parameters.

[0036] In some implementations, this step communicates with the hydropower station's main control system via the OPC (OLE for Process Control) protocol or the Modbus TCP / IP protocol to read key parameters in real time, such as the grid dispatch mode (e.g., AGC mode, primary frequency regulation mode, no regulation mode, etc.), the current operating conditions of the generating units (e.g., vibration zone, restricted operating zone, stable operating zone), and head value (unit: meters, m). The grid dispatch mode is typically issued by the dispatch center through the EMS (Energy Management System), and its status code or mode identifier can be used as the basis for judgment. The operating conditions of the generating units are identified through vibration sensors, power fluctuation threshold detection modules, and operating status classification algorithms. Head changes are collected by pressure sensors or water level monitoring systems and processed through PID control loops or head compensation algorithms.

[0037] Optionally, this step can also incorporate timestamp information to differentiate between peak, valley, and normal time periods (e.g., peak periods are 08:00-12:00 and 17:00-21:00, valley periods are 23:00-05:00, and normal time periods are the remaining periods), and automatically match the corresponding dead-zone adjustment strategy according to preset time rules. Furthermore, to improve the real-time performance and accuracy of data acquisition, the system can be set to a sampling frequency of 1 to 10 seconds, and abnormal data can be filtered, such as using a moving average method or Kalman filter algorithm, to eliminate the impact of instantaneous disturbances on the judgment logic.

[0038] In practical applications, this step is widely used in AGC (Automatic Generation Control) systems, primary frequency regulation systems, and load tracking control systems of large hydropower stations. By acquiring the above parameters in real time, the system can dynamically identify the current operating environment and control requirements, thereby providing data support for subsequent multi-dimensional adjustments of dead zone parameters (such as by load segment, operating condition, head change, etc.), significantly improving the unit's response accuracy and adjustment flexibility to load commands, and enhancing the stability and economy of power grid balance.

[0039] S2, based on the real-time operating parameters, match the preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library to determine the currently applicable load dead zone range.

[0040] Specifically, the step of "matching the preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library based on the real-time operating parameters to determine the currently applicable load dead zone range" is the core control logic link in the present invention "a method for setting a load balance type dynamic dead zone for hydropower station generator units". Its technical implementation principle is based on the real-time acquisition of multi-dimensional operating parameters and intelligent matching of the rule library, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the load dead zone and improving the unit's response accuracy and adaptability to power grid dispatching instructions.

[0041] In some implementations, this step first involves real-time acquisition of generator set operating parameters via a SCADA system or PLC controller, including but not limited to current load value, load change rate, head value, vibration status, power factor, operating period (peak, valley, flat), and power regulation mode issued by the dispatching agency. These parameters serve as input variables for subsequent dead zone range matching and determination.

[0042] Furthermore, the system has a pre-set dead zone parameter mapping rule base, which consists of conditional rules in multiple dimensions, with each rule corresponding to a specific dead zone range. For example, when the load change rate exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 0.5 MW / s) and the system is in a low head operation state (e.g., below 10% of the normal head value), the system will match a dead zone range of ±2%. However, in a high head, stable operating zone, and when the scheduling mode is "unconditionally accepting regulation," the system will match a dead zone setting of ±2%.

[0043] Optionally, the rule base can be implemented using technologies such as decision trees, fuzzy logic, or rule engines (such as Drools) to support rapid matching and response under multiple condition combinations. The matching process is typically completed within a control cycle (such as every second or every 500 milliseconds) to ensure the real-time and dynamic nature of the dead zone setting.

[0044] In practical applications, this step is widely used in hydropower station AGC (Automatic Generation Control) systems, especially in power grid environments with a high proportion of renewable energy integration. It can effectively address the problems of frequent load fluctuations and complex regulation requirements. By dynamically adjusting the dead zone range, the system can avoid regulation lag or ineffective response caused by a fixed dead zone, thereby improving the unit's regulation accuracy, enhancing the power grid's power balance capability, and strengthening operational stability and economy.

[0045] The technical effects of this step are significant. Its core value lies in achieving adaptive adjustment of dead zone settings, enabling the unit to maintain optimal load response performance under different operating conditions, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the hydropower station's participation in grid regulation.

[0046] S3 dynamically adjusts the load control dead zone setting of the generator set according to the determined load dead zone range, so as to achieve fine tracking control of the actual load value.

[0047] Specifically, the core of the step "dynamically adjusting the load control dead zone setting of the generator set according to the determined load dead zone range to achieve refined tracking and control of the actual load value" in this invention lies in judging and dynamically setting the load control dead zone in real time through multi-dimensional operating parameters, thereby improving the response accuracy and regulation capability of the hydropower station generator set to the grid dispatching command.

[0048] In some implementations, this step, based on key factors such as the current operating status of the generating unit, the characteristics of grid load fluctuations, the dispatching mode, and head changes, employs a preset multi-level dead zone threshold strategy to dynamically switch the load control dead zone. Specifically, the system collects parameters such as the generating unit's real-time output power, dispatch command power, load change rate, head value, and vibration status, and combines this with preset operating condition classification logic (such as peak-valley-normal period, load period, operating condition, and regulation mode) to determine the appropriate dead zone range. This range is then fed back to the load regulation and control system as the basis for determining the regulation response.

[0049] At the parameter level, the dead zone range can be set as an absolute power value (e.g., ±0.5MW, ±1.0MW) or a percentage of the rated power (e.g., ±0.5%, ±1%, ±2%). Under different operating conditions, the system employs a differentiated dead zone setting strategy. For example, a smaller dead zone of ±0.5% is used during peak hours to improve regulation sensitivity; a larger dead zone of ±2% is used during off-peak hours to reduce unnecessary regulation actions and improve system stability. Furthermore, based on head changes, the system can divide the dead zone into three levels: high head (±0.5%), normal head (±1%), and low head (±2%), ensuring optimal regulation performance under different hydraulic conditions.

[0050] In practical applications, this step can be integrated into the automatic generation control (AGC) system of hydropower stations. It is suitable for operating environments with frequent grid load fluctuations and high requirements for regulation accuracy, especially in grids with a high proportion of renewable energy integration, where it has significant regulation advantages. By dynamically adjusting the dead zone, the system can effectively filter out invalid disturbances and respond quickly to changes in effective load, thereby improving the regulation efficiency of grid power balance and the economy and stability of unit operation.

[0051] Furthermore, the technical effects of this step are reflected in significantly improving the accuracy and response speed of load tracking, reducing the frequency and amplitude of unit adjustment actions, reducing mechanical wear and energy consumption, while enhancing the execution capability of grid dispatching commands, and realizing the adaptive adjustment of generator units under complex operating conditions. It has good engineering practical value and promotion prospects.

[0052] The method for setting the dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator units according to the present invention can dynamically adjust the dead zone range according to factors such as load fluctuations, operating conditions and dispatching modes, thereby improving load tracking accuracy and adjustment flexibility, and enhancing the hydropower station units' responsiveness to grid dispatching commands and operational stability.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, S1 further includes:

[0056] S11, based on the regulation instructions issued by the power grid dispatching agency, identify any one of the following regulation power modes: not undertaking regulation, undertaking regulation in a sub-emergency area, undertaking regulation in an emergency area, or unconditionally undertaking regulation.

[0057] Specifically, this step involves identifying the current power regulation mode of the generating unit based on the regulation instructions issued by the power grid dispatching agency, and dynamically adjusting the load dead zone setting accordingly. This step is a key control logic link in the present invention, "A Dynamic Dead Zone Setting Method for Load Balance of Hydropower Station Generating Units," and its technical implementation is based on the parsing of dispatch instructions, the judgment of operating status, and the dynamic mapping mechanism of dead zone parameters.

[0058] In some implementations, the power grid dispatching agency issues regulation commands through SCADA or AGC (Automatic Generation Control) systems. These commands include regulation mode identifiers (such as Mode ID) or regulation priority parameters (such as Priority Level) to indicate the regulation needs under the current power grid operating conditions. Upon receiving the command, the hydropower station control system first performs protocol parsing to extract key parameters such as regulation mode type, regulation magnitude, and regulation response time requirements. The control system internally includes a regulation mode recognition module, which classifies the command according to a preset mode classification standard (such as the definition of regulation response levels in IEEE 1547-2018).

[0059] Optionally, the power regulation mode can be divided into four types: no regulation, regulation in the secondary emergency zone, regulation in the emergency zone, and unconditional regulation. Each mode corresponds to a different dead zone setting strategy. For example, in the no regulation mode, the dead zone is set to ±0.5% of the rated power; in the secondary emergency zone regulation mode, the dead zone is set to ±1%; in the emergency zone regulation mode, the dead zone is set to ±1.5%; and in the unconditional regulation mode, the dead zone is set to ±2%. These parameters can be dynamically configured according to the real-time needs of the power grid dispatching agency, and closed-loop control of unit load regulation can be achieved through PLC or DCS systems.

[0060] Furthermore, this step plays a crucial response mechanism role in the entire dynamic dead-zone setting method. By identifying different regulation modes, the system can quickly adjust the dead-zone range, thereby improving the unit's response sensitivity and regulation accuracy to load commands. Especially when the grid operating state changes abruptly or the proportion of new energy integration is high, it can effectively enhance the regulation capability of hydropower stations and improve the stability and economy of grid power balance.

[0061] S12 determines whether the unit is currently operating in any of the following conditions: vibration zone, restricted operating zone, or stable operating zone, by monitoring the unit's vibration signal, power output stability, and head sensor data.

[0062] Specifically, this step involves monitoring the vibration signals, power output stability, and head sensor data of the hydropower station's generator units to achieve real-time assessment of the unit's operating conditions, thereby providing a basis for subsequent dynamic dead zone setting. This step is a key decision-making step in the invention "A Method for Setting a Load Balance-Type Dynamic Dead Zone for Hydropower Station Generator Units," and its technical implementation is based on multi-source signal fusion analysis and operating status classification algorithms.

[0063] At the technical implementation level, vibration signals are collected by vibration sensors installed on key components such as turbine bearings, generator stator, and volute. The sampling frequency is typically set to 1000Hz to 2000Hz. After low-pass filtering and FFT spectrum analysis, the vibration amplitude within a specific frequency range (e.g., 0.1Hz to 10Hz) is extracted as the basis for judgment. Power output stability is assessed by real-time acquisition of active power output data from the unit using power sensors, calculating its fluctuation rate within a set time window (e.g., 1 minute). The fluctuation rate threshold can be set to ±0.5% to ±2%. Head sensors are installed on the water intake pipe or pressure steel pipe to collect real-time head values ​​and compare them with the unit's rated head to determine whether the current operating state is high head, normal head, or low head.

[0064] At the parameter level, the vibration amplitude threshold can be set to 0.1 mm / s to 0.5 mm / s, corresponding to the vibration standards of different units (such as IEC 60041 or GB / T 15468-2017). The power fluctuation rate threshold and the head variation range together constitute the operating condition judgment matrix. For example, when the vibration amplitude exceeds 0.3 mm / s and the power fluctuation rate is greater than ±1.5%, the unit is judged to be in the vibration zone; when the head is lower than the rated value by 10% and the power fluctuation rate is between ±1% and ±2%, it is judged to be in the restricted operating zone; other operating conditions are judged to be in the stable operating zone.

[0065] At the application level, this step is applicable to hydropower station AGC (Automatic Generation Control) systems, especially in operating environments with frequent grid load fluctuations and high renewable energy penetration, which can effectively improve the unit's response accuracy and adjustment flexibility to load commands.

[0066] The technical effect of this step is that, through real-time perception and classification of multi-dimensional operating status, a reliable basis is provided for the subsequent automatic adjustment of dynamic dead zone, thereby realizing the optimal control strategy of the unit under different operating conditions, improving the response speed and control accuracy of power grid power balance regulation, and enhancing the economy and stability of hydropower station operation.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, S2 further includes:

[0070] S21. When the unit is in peak hours, the dead zone is set to ±0.5%; when in valley hours, the dead zone is set to ±2%; and when in normal hours, the dead zone is set to ±1%.

[0071] Specifically, the step of "automatically adjusting the dead zone according to the daily peak-valley and normal periods" in this invention is one of the key technical means to realize dynamic response control of hydropower station generator load. This step introduces the peak-valley and normal period division mechanism in power grid dispatching, and combines it with the load regulation characteristics of the units to dynamically set the load dead zone range, thereby improving the unit's response accuracy and regulation efficiency to load commands.

[0072] At the technical implementation level, this step is based on the time period division information provided by the power grid dispatching center (for example, the peak time periods are 08:00 - 12:00 and 17:00 - 21:00, the valley time period is 23:00 - 05:00, and the normal time periods are the remaining times). It obtains the current time period identifier through the SCADA system or the EMS system and uses it as the trigger condition for dead zone adjustment. During peak time periods, since the power grid load fluctuates frequently and the regulation demand is high, the dead zone is set to ±0.5% of the unit's rated power to improve the regulation sensitivity; during valley time periods, the load changes relatively smoothly, and the dead zone is set to ±2% to reduce unnecessary regulation actions and enhance system stability; during normal time periods, the dead zone is set to ±1% to achieve a balance between regulation accuracy and system stability. This adjustment logic can be embedded in the unit's automatic generation control (AGC) system and is matched and executed in real time through a preset time period scheduling table and control algorithm.

[0073] At the parameter index level, the setting of the dead zone is based on the unit's rated power and is in percentage form, which is convenient for standardized configuration among units of different capacities. The set values of ±0.5%, ±1%, and ±2% have been verified through simulation and tested in actual operation, meeting the requirements for regulation accuracy and response speed in the "Technical Guide for Automatic Generation Control of Power Systems" (DL / T 1083 - 2019). In addition, this step can also be联动optimized in combination with the unit's regulation rate (such as ±5% rated power / minute) to ensure that after the dead zone adjustment, the regulation actions still meet the response time limit of the power grid dispatching.

[0074] At the application scenario level, this step is applicable to the operation environment of hydropower stations with high power grid dispatching requirements and frequent load fluctuations, especially applicable to regional power grids with a relatively high proportion of new energy access. Through the time period-driven dead zone adjustment strategy, the unit can quickly respond to load changes during peak time periods and reduce ineffective regulation during valley time periods, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency and economy.

[0075] The technical effect of this step is that through the time period-driven dynamic dead zone setting, it effectively improves the regulation accuracy and response ability of the unit under different load demands, reduces the risks of regulation lag and overshoot, enhances the stability and flexibility of the power grid power balance, and has significant engineering practical value and innovation.

[0076] S22, when the unit load is in the 0% - 30% interval, set the dead zone to ±2%; when it is in the 30% - 70% interval, set the dead zone to ±1%; when it is in the 70% - 100% interval, set the dead zone to ±0.5%.

[0077] Note: There is a misspelling in the original text of "联动optimized", which should be "联动optimized". I have translated it as "联动optimized" according to the original text. If this is a wrong expression, please correct it according to the actual situation and then translate it.Specifically, the step of "automatically adjusting the dead zone according to the generator set load segment" in this invention is one of the core technical means to realize load-balanced dynamic dead zone control of hydropower station generator sets. This step divides the unit load into three intervals (0%-30%, 30%-70%, 70%-100%) and sets different dead zone thresholds (±2%, ±1%, ±0.5%) for each interval, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of the load regulation response.

[0078] At the technical implementation level, this step is based on the deviation between the unit's real-time output power and the dispatch command. The control system first collects the unit's current output power value and compares it with the load command issued by the dispatch center, calculating the relative percentage deviation. Based on the relationship between this deviation value and the preset load range, the control system automatically switches the corresponding dead zone threshold. For example, when the unit load is in the 0%-30% range, the system sets the dead zone to ±2%, meaning that adjustment is only triggered when the load deviation exceeds ±2%; when the load is in the 30%-70% range, the dead zone is reduced to ±1%; and when the load is in the 70%-100% range, it is further reduced to ±0.5%. This segmented dead zone setting method can effectively match the adjustment sensitivity requirements under different load levels.

[0079] At the parameter level, the dead zone is set based on a percentage of the unit's rated load, rather than a fixed power value, ensuring portability between units of different capacities. For example, if the unit's rated load is 100MW, the dead zone range is ±0.5MW within the 70%-100% range. This parameter setting complies with the load regulation accuracy requirements in the "Design Code for Automation Systems of Hydropower Stations" (GB / T 50845-2013) and also meets the technical indicators for regulation response speed and stability in the "Performance Evaluation Standard for Automatic Generation Control of Power Systems" (DL / T1234-2013).

[0080] At the application level, this step is suitable for operating environments with frequent grid dispatch and large load fluctuations, especially in modern power grids with a high proportion of renewable energy integration, where it has significant adaptability advantages. By dynamically adjusting the dead zone, the unit can tolerate larger deviations at low loads to avoid frequent adjustments, while improving response sensitivity at high loads to ensure the stability and accuracy of power output.

[0081] The technical benefits of this step are that it significantly improves the accuracy and response speed of unit load regulation, reduces the frequency and amplitude of regulation actions, thereby reducing mechanical wear, improving regulation efficiency, and enhancing the stability of power grid balance. Its innovation lies in dynamically binding the dead zone setting to the load interval, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed dead zones and achieving adaptive optimization of the control strategy.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, the method for setting the dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator load includes not only steps S1-S3, but also the following steps:

[0085] S4 generates a dead-zone adjustment record based on the current dead-zone setting and uploads it to the scheduling and monitoring system for subsequent operation analysis and optimization decisions.

[0086] Specifically, this step involves generating a dead-zone adjustment record based on the current dynamic dead-zone setting results and uploading it to the dispatching and monitoring system for subsequent operational analysis and optimization decisions. Its technical implementation principle is based on data acquisition, status identification, and information exchange mechanisms, aiming to achieve traceability and data-driven optimization of the dead-zone setting process for hydropower station generator load regulation.

[0087] In some implementations, the system collects real-time operating status parameters of the generator units (such as current load value, head, vibration status, and regulation mode) and combines this with preset dynamic dead zone adjustment rules (such as peak-valley-normal periods, load periods, operating conditions, regulation modes, and head changes) to calculate the current dead zone range to be set. Subsequently, the system structurally encapsulates this setting result and adjustment criteria (such as time period, load range, and operating condition classification) to generate a dead zone adjustment record containing fields such as timestamp, unit number, dead zone setting value, adjustment reason, and trigger conditions. The record format can adopt standard data exchange formats such as JSON or XML to ensure compatibility with the dispatching and monitoring system.

[0088] At the parameter level, dead zone adjustment records must include the following key fields: timestamp (accurate to milliseconds), unit number (e.g., G1, G2, etc.), current dead zone setting value (e.g., ±0.5%, ±1%, ±2%), adjustment basis type (e.g., load segment, operating condition, dispatch mode, etc.), and trigger condition threshold (e.g., load change rate ≥0.3% / minute, head change ≥1.5m, etc.). The record generation frequency can be set to once per minute or generated each time a dead zone adjustment is triggered, depending on system requirements, ensuring the timeliness and completeness of the data.

[0089] In practical applications, this step is typically deployed in the SCADA system or dedicated load regulation and control system of a hydropower station, interacting with the monitoring platform of the power grid dispatch center. The upload process can be implemented using industrial communication protocols such as IEC 60870-5-104, Modbus TCP, or MQTT, ensuring the real-time performance and reliability of data transmission. After receiving the dead-zone adjustment record, the dispatch monitoring system can store it in a relational database (such as MySQL or Oracle) and perform statistical analysis in conjunction with historical operating data, providing data support for subsequent dead-zone strategy optimization, load forecasting model training, and unit operating status assessment.

[0090] From a technical perspective, this step enables full lifecycle management of the dead-zone setting process, enhancing the transparency and traceability of load regulation strategies. By uploading dead-zone adjustment records, dispatchers can monitor the changing trends of unit regulation sensitivity in real time, assisting in operational status diagnosis and control strategy optimization, thereby improving the regulation accuracy and operational stability of grid power balance. Furthermore, this step provides high-quality training data for subsequent intelligent regulation algorithms based on big data analysis, enhancing the system's adaptability and intelligence level.

[0091] S5, when a conflict is detected between the grid dispatch mode and the unit operating conditions, the dead zone setting corresponding to the dispatch mode shall be used first, and an early warning prompt that the operating conditions and dispatch mode are incompatible shall be issued to the operators.

[0092] Specifically, when a conflict is detected between the power grid dispatch mode and the unit operating conditions, this invention prioritizes the dead zone setting corresponding to the dispatch mode and issues an early warning to the operators regarding the mismatch between the operating conditions and the dispatch mode. This step is a key control logic link in realizing the "load balancing type dynamic dead zone setting method," and its technical implementation is based on a comprehensive mechanism of real-time data acquisition, pattern recognition, and control strategy switching.

[0093] In some implementations, the system uses SCADA (Supervisory and Data Acquisition System) to acquire real-time operating parameters such as grid dispatch instructions, current unit load, head, vibration status, and power factor. Dispatch modes are typically issued by the grid dispatch center and include different levels such as no regulation, regulation in a secondary emergency zone, regulation in an emergency zone, and unconditional regulation. Operating conditions are classified according to the real-time operating status of the units, such as vibration zone, restricted operating zone, and stable operating zone. The system determines whether there is a conflict by comparing the matching degree between the dispatch mode and the operating condition. For example, if a unit is in the vibration zone and the dispatch mode requires entering an emergency regulation state, the system will determine it as a conflict.

[0094] Optionally, conflict determination can be based on a preset logical rule base. For example, if the scheduling mode requires a dead zone of ±0.5%, while the dead zone corresponding to the current operating condition should be ±2%, the system will prioritize the dead zone setting of the scheduling mode and issue an early warning signal to the operators through the PLC or DCS system, indicating that the current operating status does not match the scheduling instructions and suggesting that the operating strategy be adjusted or the rationality of the scheduling be confirmed.

[0095] Furthermore, early warning notifications can include audible and visual alarms, pop-up windows on the user interface, SMS or email notifications, etc., to ensure that operators can respond promptly. This step, through a dynamic dead-zone priority mechanism, ensures a balance between grid regulation needs and unit safety operation, thereby improving the hydropower station's responsiveness to grid dispatch instructions and operational stability.

[0096] The method for setting dynamic dead zone of hydropower station generator unit load in this embodiment of the invention generates and uploads dead zone adjustment records to the dispatch monitoring system, thereby achieving traceability and analysis basis of operating data, supporting subsequent optimization decisions and system performance improvement; when there is a conflict between the dispatch mode and the operating condition, the dispatch mode parameters are given priority and an early warning is triggered, further ensuring the accurate execution of dispatch instructions and operational safety, and improving the intelligence level and coordination control capability of hydropower station operation.

[0097] Example 5

[0098] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic dead zone setting device for hydropower station generator load according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, the dynamic dead zone setting device for hydropower station generator load includes:

[0100] The real-time parameter acquisition module 100 is used to acquire at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatch mode, unit operating conditions and head changes.

[0101] The dead zone range determination module 200 is used to determine the currently applicable load dead zone range based on the real-time operating parameters and by matching a preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library.

[0102] The dead zone setting adjustment module 300 is used to dynamically adjust the load control dead zone setting of the generator set according to the determined load dead zone range, so as to achieve fine tracking control of the actual load value.

[0103] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0104] To implement the above embodiments, this application also proposes an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer execution instructions; the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0105] To implement the above embodiments, this application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0106] To implement the above embodiments, this application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0107] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure of user personal information involved in this application all comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0108] It should be noted that personal information collected from users should be used for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. Furthermore, such collection / sharing should only be conducted after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign an agreement / authorization that includes authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps must be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others with access to personal information data comply with their privacy policies and procedures.

[0109] This application is intended to provide an implementation scheme for users to selectively prevent the use or access to their personal information data. Specifically, this disclosure is intended to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once personal information data is no longer needed, risks can be minimized by restricting data collection and deleting data. Furthermore, where applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect user privacy.

[0110] In the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0111] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0112] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0113] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0114] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0115] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0116] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0117] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

[0118] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0119] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for setting dynamic dead zone of generator unit load in a hydropower station, characterized in that, include: S1, acquire at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatch mode, unit operating conditions and head changes; S2, based on the real-time operating parameters, match the preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library to determine the currently applicable load dead zone range; S3 dynamically adjusts the load control dead zone setting of the generator set according to the determined load dead zone range, so as to achieve fine tracking control of the actual load value.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatching mode, unit operating conditions, and head changes also includes: S11, based on the regulation instructions issued by the power grid dispatching agency, identify any one of the following regulation power modes: not undertaking regulation, undertaking regulation in a sub-emergency area, undertaking regulation in an emergency area, or undertaking regulation unconditionally. S12 determines whether the unit is currently operating in any of the following conditions: vibration zone, restricted operating zone, or stable operating zone, by monitoring the unit's vibration signal, power output stability, and head sensor data.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the currently applicable load dead zone range by matching the real-time operating parameters with a preset dead zone parameter mapping rule base also includes: S21. When the unit is in peak hours, the dead zone is set to ±0.5%; when it is in valley hours, the dead zone is set to ±2%; and when it is in normal hours, the dead zone is set to ±1%. S22, when the unit load is in the range of 0%-30%, the dead zone is set to ±2%; when it is in the range of 30%-70%, the dead zone is set to ±1%; and when it is in the range of 70%-100%, the dead zone is set to ±0.5%.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: S4. Based on the current dead zone setting, generate a dead zone adjustment record and upload it to the scheduling and monitoring system for subsequent operation analysis and optimization decisions. S5, when a conflict is detected between the grid dispatch mode and the unit operating conditions, the dead zone setting corresponding to the dispatch mode shall be used first, and an early warning prompt that the operating conditions and dispatch mode are incompatible shall be issued to the operators.

5. A device for setting dynamic dead zone of generator unit load in a hydropower station, characterized in that, include: The real-time parameter acquisition module is used to acquire at least one real-time operating parameter from the power grid dispatch mode, unit operating conditions, and head changes. The dead zone range determination module is used to determine the currently applicable load dead zone range by matching the real-time operating parameters with a preset dead zone parameter mapping rule library. The dead zone setting adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the load control dead zone setting of the generator set according to the determined load dead zone range, so as to achieve fine tracking and control of the actual load value.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1-4.

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