Low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing method for metal rubber parts

Abstract

A low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing method for a metal rubber part comprises the following steps that S1, the metal rubber part is separated, specifically, a metal part and a rubber part of the metal rubber part are stripped, and a metal framework attached with a residual rubber layer is obtained; s2, cleaning residual glue on the surface of the metal framework, so as to obtain the metal framework with no residual glue on the surface; s3, deep layer residual glue cleaning, specifically, the surface of the metal framework is cleaned through ultrasonic waves, and residual glue permeating into the metal surface is removed; and S4, surface treatment is conducted, and after sand blasting and gluing are conducted on the surface of the metal framework, a vulcanized rubber layer is produced again. According to the method provided by the invention, through an innovative separation technology and a remanufacturing process, the resource utilization rate of the waste metal parts is remarkably improved; and the energy consumption and the raw material cost of metal rubber shock absorber production are reduced, and the production and operation cost is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber vibration damping devices in rail transit, specifically a method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the rail transit sector, locomotive bogies contain numerous metal-rubber composite vibration damping devices that provide flexible support for locomotive operation. Common examples include tapered springs, ball joints (nodes), and cover plates. These metal-rubber components are typically connected by vulcanization of metal and rubber parts, utilizing the high elasticity and strength of the rubber to provide both flexible support and rigidity. These metal-rubber components are all wear parts and often require complete replacement after prolonged operation. While the rubber parts generally fail due to aging, the metal parts still have recycling and remanufacturing value.

[0003] Commonly used methods for recycling metal skeletons in existing technologies include: 1) Electromagnetic induction heating method, which involves using an electromagnetic induction heating device to heat the metal components in a metal-rubber composite product to a specific temperature, causing the adhesive between the metal and rubber components to fail, thereby achieving the non-destructive detachment of the rubber components from the metal components; 2) Pyrolysis method, which involves placing the metal and rubber composite product in a reaction vessel, heating it at the bottom of the vessel, and condensing the rubber part into fuel oil through a condenser tube. After the reaction is complete, the product is allowed to cool naturally, and the metal components are removed and the carbon particles attached to the surface are cleaned; 3) Mechanical separation method, which involves peeling the metal skeleton from the rubber part manually or using mechanical tools; 4) Incineration method, which involves incinerating the composite product based on the flammability of rubber and the non-flammability of metal, and removing the metal components from the residual ash; 5) Solvent dissolution method, which involves using a specific solvent to dissolve the rubber part.

[0004] The efficient separation of rubber components from metal-rubber parts and the subsequent processing of the separated metal components to enable them to be vulcanized again are of positive significance for the recycling and remanufacturing of the metal components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing method for metal-rubber parts, comprising the following steps: Metal-rubber part separation S1 involves peeling off the metal and rubber parts of the metal-rubber part to obtain a metal skeleton with an attached residual adhesive layer. S2: Surface residue cleaning removes the residue adhering to the surface of the metal skeleton, resulting in a metal skeleton with no residue adhering to the surface. S3 Deep Adhesive Residue Cleaning uses ultrasonic waves to clean the surface of the metal skeleton and remove residual adhesive that has seeped into the metal surface. Surface treatment S4 involves sandblasting and applying adhesive to the surface of the metal skeleton, followed by the reprocessing of the vulcanized rubber layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the step of separating the metal and rubber parts S1 specifically includes the following steps: S101: First, place the metal rubber parts in an ozone environment or a polar solvent to cause the rubber parts to denature and age, losing their high elasticity and strength; S102: Then, use mechanical pressure to press out the rubber parts, so that the metal parts and rubber parts are separated.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S101, a prestress is first applied to the metal part in the metal-rubber part and held so that the rubber part is in a tensile and / or shear state, and then the metal-rubber part is placed in an ozone environment or a polar solvent.

[0008] Alternatively, the step of separating the metal and rubber parts S1 specifically includes the following steps: S111: The metal-rubber parts are placed on a heat treatment fixture and subjected to vacuum heat treatment in a vacuum furnace, so that the rubber parts are separated from the metal parts. S112: Using mechanical pressure, the rubber parts are pressed out, thus separating the metal parts from the rubber parts.

[0009] Alternatively, the step of separating the metal and rubber parts S1 specifically includes the following steps: S121: Install the metal rubber parts onto the recycling fixture, which includes a heating device to heat the metal rubber parts; S122: By using mechanical pressure, the rubber parts are pressed out, thus separating the metal parts from the rubber parts.

[0010] Furthermore, the surface residue cleaning step S2 further includes a step of cleaning residue using a high-pressure water jet: S201 utilizes a thin water jet to act on the surface of a metal part, dividing the residual rubber layer on the surface into a grid. S202 utilizes a flat water jet to act on the gridded rubber layer, peeling and cleaning the rubber layer in sheet form.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step of surface residue cleaning S2, the metal skeleton is placed on a grinding fixture, the grinding fixture is rotated, and soft wire is used to contact the metal skeleton during the rotation to clean the rubber residue on the metal skeleton.

[0012] Furthermore, the surface treatment step S4 includes applying adhesive to the metal part: S401: Correct the shape of the metal part so that its external dimensions and pre-separation error meet the requirements for remanufacturing; S402: Place the metal part in the mold. If the length or width of the metal part changes, add a compensation pad to the surface of the metal part before sealing.

[0013] Further, when the metal rubber component is a conical spring, a pretreatment fixture is provided. The conical spring includes an outer sleeve and a mandrel. A conical rubber body is vulcanized between the outer sleeve and the mandrel. The mandrel has a mounting hole 1 in the center and the outer sleeve has a mounting hole 2 at the bottom. The pretreatment fixture includes a base, a top column is vertically connected to the base, and a threaded hole 1 is opened on the base. It also includes a pressure ring, and a through hole matching the mounting hole 2 is opened on the pressure ring. In step S101, the conical spring is first inverted so that the end of the mandrel abuts against the top column. Then, the pressure ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the outer sleeve. A bolt 1 is inserted into the through hole in the pressure ring and passes through the mounting hole 2 into the threaded hole 1. The bolt 1 is tightened to press down the outer sleeve, thereby putting the rubber body in a stretched state and holding it thereafter.

[0014] Alternatively, when the metal-rubber component is a ball joint, a pretreatment fixture is provided. The ball joint includes a mandrel and an outer sleeve, with a vulcanized rubber body connecting the mandrel and the outer sleeve. Mounting holes are opened at both ends of the mandrel. The pretreatment fixture includes a support cylinder with a depth greater than the length of the mandrel. A support ring is connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder, and a pair of fixing ears are respectively connected to opposite sides at the top of the support cylinder. A vertically extending first through groove is opened on the fixing ear, and the first through groove is also vertically connected to the fixing groove. In step S101, the ball joint is first placed vertically in the support cylinder, so that the end of the outer sleeve abuts against the support ring. Then, a pressure rod is used to penetrate the mounting hole at the upper end of the mandrel and the first through groove of the fixing ear. After the pressure rod is pressed down to the bottom of the first through groove, a fixing plate is inserted into the fixing groove, thereby keeping the rubber body in a compressed state.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: The method proposed in this invention significantly improves the resource utilization rate of waste metal parts through innovative separation technology and remanufacturing process; reduces the energy consumption and raw material cost of metal rubber vibration damping device production, and significantly reduces production and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The basic flowchart of the metal rubber parts recycling and remanufacturing method proposed in this invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a conical spring structure; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 2 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 3 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 4 ; Figure 7Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 1 ; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 2 ; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 3 ; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 4 ; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of pretreatment tooling structure Figure 5 ; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of heat treatment tooling structure; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the recycling tooling structure; Figure 14 : Schematic diagram of the recycling tooling structure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts, comprising the following steps: Metal-rubber part separation S1 involves peeling off the metal and rubber parts of the metal-rubber part to obtain a metal skeleton with an attached residual adhesive layer. S2: Surface residue cleaning removes the residue adhering to the surface of the metal skeleton, resulting in a metal skeleton with no residue adhering to the surface. S3 Deep Adhesive Residue Cleaning uses ultrasonic waves to clean the surface of the metal skeleton and remove residual adhesive that has seeped into the metal surface. Surface treatment S4 involves sandblasting and applying adhesive to the surface of the metal skeleton, followed by the reprocessing of the vulcanized rubber layer.

[0019] Regarding the separation of metal and rubber parts S1 in the above steps, the following different implementation methods can be adopted.

[0020] One method involves using ozone or polar solvents to first age and denature the rubber parts before mechanical separation. When the metal-rubber parts are exposed to ozone for a period of time, their aging is accelerated, causing them to lose their original high elasticity and strength, and reducing the adhesion between the metal and the rubber. After accelerated aging, the rubber parts can be separated without applying excessive mechanical load to the metal parts, resulting in metal parts with only surface adhesive residue. During this process, the metal parts experience less mechanical load, resulting in less wear, damage, and mechanical deformation, making subsequent recycling and remanufacturing possible. The ozone generation and reaction device can utilize a commonly used ozone reactor. Residual adhesive can be cleaned using mechanical methods such as wire brushes. It should be noted that even with minimal damage during separation, the metal parts still exhibit dimensional and shape deformation compared to new products. This deformation can be corrected through reshaping and compensation, allowing the recycled metal parts to be reused.

[0021] The metal-rubber component separation step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S101: First, place the metal rubber parts in an ozone environment or a polar solvent to cause the rubber parts to denature and age, losing their high elasticity and strength; S102: Then, use mechanical pressure to press out the rubber parts, so that the metal parts and rubber parts are separated.

[0022] In step S101, prestress is first applied to the metal part of the metal-rubber part and held so that the rubber part is in a tensile and / or shear state, and then the metal-rubber part is placed in an ozone environment or a polar solvent.

[0023] While ozone or polar solvents can accelerate the aging of rubber components, metal-rubber components, especially products like cone springs and ball joints, have a limited area of ​​exposed rubber parts due to vulcanized bonding between the rubber and metal components, resulting in a small contact area for reaction with ozone or polar solvents. To further increase the contact area between the rubber components and ozone or polar solvents, a certain amount of prestress can be applied to the metal components beforehand, placing the rubber components in a non-free state. As the rubber begins to age and degenerate, its elasticity and strength decrease. Under the action of prestress, the rubber will crack and disperse more quickly, thereby increasing the contact area for reaction with ozone or polar solvents. As the reaction time increases, the adhesion between the metal components and the rubber may fail under this prestress, and partial separation of the rubber components may be possible with the added prestress. It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the rubber body of metal-rubber vibration damping devices used in locomotives is generally in a free state or a pre-compressed state. This state of the rubber components means that there is not much prestress between the metal and rubber components. Therefore, in order to accelerate the aging and separation of the rubber body and increase the reaction contact area, an additional amount of prestress needs to be applied.

[0024] When the metal-rubber component is a cone spring 1, a pretreatment fixture 2 is provided, and the prestress is applied using this fixture. In this embodiment, the application of prestress in the aforementioned various states will be explained using a cone spring 1, which is common in metal-rubber components. The structure of the cone spring 1 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 The conical spring 1 includes an outer sleeve 11 and a spindle 12. A conical rubber body 13 is vulcanized between the outer sleeve 11 and the spindle 12. The spindle 12 has a mounting hole 121 in the center, and the outer sleeve 11 has a mounting hole 111 at the bottom. The mounting hole 121 may be a through hole in some cases, or it may be a threaded hole.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the thick black solid line describes the pretreatment fixture 2, which includes a base 21, a top post 22 vertically connected to the base 21, a threaded hole 211 on the base 21, and a pressure ring 23. The pressure ring 23 has a through hole 231 that matches the mounting hole 111, and handles are connected to both ends of the pressure ring 23 for easy rotation. The pretreatment step S0 specifically includes the following steps: See also Figure 4 First, invert the conical spring 1 so that the end of the mandrel 12 abuts against the top post 22. Inverting the conical spring 1 ensures that the conical rubber body is in a stretched state when the outer sleeve is pressed down. See also... Figure 5 Then, the pressure ring 23 is fitted onto the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 11. The bolt 24 is inserted into the through hole 231 in the pressure ring 23 and the bolt 24 passes through the mounting hole 111 and enters the threaded hole 211. The bolt 24 is tightened to press down the outer sleeve 11, thereby putting the rubber body 13 into a stretched state and maintaining it.

[0026] The pretreatment fixture 2 also has a locking mechanism for inverting and locking the cone spring 1 onto the top post 22; after inserting the bolt 24, rotating the pressure ring 23, and then tightening the bolt 24, so that the rubber body 13 is in a stretched and sheared state and is maintained. See details below. Figure 3 In this implementation, the downward pressure of the pressure ring 23 puts the rubber body 13 in a stretched state, and the rotation of the pressure ring 23 puts it in a shearing state. At this time, the opening direction of the threaded hole 211 will form a certain angle with the mounting hole 111. After rotating the pressure ring 23, the bolt 24 can be aligned with the threaded hole 211 to maintain the rotation angle of the pressure ring 23. The front end of the bolt 24 may not have threads. After aligning with the threaded hole 211, it can be directly inserted to lock the rotation angle of the pressure ring 23. Tightening the bolt 24 afterwards can continue to apply tensile prestress. The function of the locking mechanism is to prevent the spindle 12 from rotating under the shear prestress of the rubber body 13, which would cause the shear prestress to disappear.

[0027] An embodiment of the locking mechanism can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6The locking mechanism includes a threaded hole 221 on the top post 22, a pressure plate 25, and a bolt 26. In step S01, after the conical spring 1 is inverted, the pressure plate 25 is placed on the upper end of the spindle 12. The bolt 26 passes through the pressure plate 25 and the mounting hole 121, and is screwed into the threaded hole 221 to lock the conical spring 1 onto the top post 22. This embodiment is suitable for cases where the mounting hole 121 is a through hole.

[0028] When mounting hole 121 is a threaded hole, the implementation of the locking mechanism will be simpler. See also Figure 6 The locking mechanism includes a stud 222 connected to the top post 22. The mounting hole 121 is a threaded hole. The stud 222 can be used to lock the cone spring 1 onto the top post 22. The thread direction of the stud 222 is the same as the rotation direction of the pressure ring 23. Under the shear prestress generated by the rotation of the pressure ring 23, the mandrel 12 will be locked onto the top post 22 and will not rotate with it.

[0029] In the above embodiments, the solvent comprising the polar solution and anhydrous ethanol contains 10-20% dichloromethane, 10-20% dimethylformamide, 10-20% dimethylacetamide, and 10-20% N-methylpyridinone, with the remainder being anhydrous ethanol. This polar solvent effectively accelerates the denaturation and aging of rubber parts. Because it is an organic polar solvent, it will not cause any corrosive damage to metal parts and can be repeatedly recycled.

[0030] When the metal-rubber part is a ball joint 3, a pre-treatment fixture 4 is provided, and the prestress is applied by the fixture so that the rubber part is in a tensile or shear state.

[0031] See details Figure 7 The ball joint 3 includes a spindle 31 and an outer sleeve 32. A vulcanized rubber body 33 is connected between the spindle 31 and the outer sleeve 32. Mounting holes 311 are opened at both ends of the spindle 31. The pretreatment tooling 4 includes a support cylinder 41 with a depth greater than the length of the spindle 31. A support ring 42 is connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder 41. A pair of fixing ears 43 are respectively connected to opposite sides at the top of the support cylinder 41. A vertically extending first through groove 431 is opened on the fixing ear 43. The first through groove 431 is also vertically connected to the fixing groove 432.

[0032] For details on applying prestress using this tooling, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 8 and Figure 11 Place the ball joint 3 vertically inside the support cylinder 41, so that the end of the outer sleeve 32 abuts against the support ring 42. At this time, in the axial direction of the ball joint 3, its outer sleeve 32 is limited by the support ring 42. If the mandrel 31 is pressed down at this time, the rubber body 33 will be in a stretched state under the downward pressure.

[0033] By using the pressure rod 44 to pass through the mounting hole 311 at the upper end of the mandrel 31 and the first through groove 431 of the fixing lug 43, the pressure rod 44 is pressed down to the bottom of the first through groove 431. Then, the fixing plate 434 is inserted into the fixing groove 432, thereby keeping the rubber body 33 in a compressed state. When the pressure rod 44 is pressed down to stretch the rubber body 33, the fixing plate 434 can limit the pressure rod 44 to prevent it from rebounding under the force of the rubber body 33. At this time, the rubber body 33 will be in a stretched state and will always remain so.

[0034] In contrast to the above implementation method, another implementation method can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 8-10 The bottom of the first through groove 431 of the fixing ear 43 of the pretreatment fixture 4 is also connected to a second through groove 435 extending laterally. The end of the second through groove 435 is connected to a third through groove 436 extending vertically upward. The extension directions of the second through grooves 435 in the opposing fixing ears 43 are opposite. The inner wall of the support cylinder 41 is also provided with a clamping block 411 that can move radially along the support cylinder 41. The clamping block 411 is preferably arc-shaped and can fit against the surface of the outer sleeve 32. The clamping block 411 can be driven to extend and retract by bolts penetrating the wall of the support cylinder 41 to clamp and press the outer sleeve 32.

[0035] Another method involves using vacuum heat treatment to separate the rubber parts.

[0036] The metal-rubber component separation step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S111: The metal-rubber parts are placed on a heat treatment fixture and subjected to vacuum heat treatment in a vacuum furnace, so that the rubber parts are separated from the metal parts. S112: Using mechanical pressure, the rubber parts are pressed out, thus separating the metal parts from the rubber parts.

[0037] like Figure 12 As shown, the heat treatment fixture in this embodiment is a heat treatment chamber 51. During the treatment process, the heat treatment chamber 51 is placed entirely inside a vacuum furnace. The heat treatment chamber 51 includes at least two heat treatment layers 52, and the height of each heat treatment layer 52 is not less than the height of the metal-rubber composite vibration damper to be treated. A sliding groove 53 is provided on the side wall of the heat treatment chamber 51. The heat treatment chamber 51 includes a partition 54 that is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 53. Adjacent heat treatment layers 52 are separated by the partition 54. This embodiment shows a heat treatment chamber 51 including one partition 54, i.e., two heat treatment layers 52. The metal-rubber composite vibration damper to be treated can be placed inside each heat treatment layer 52. Those skilled in the art can also set more partitions 54 and more heat treatment layers 52 according to actual conditions. The heating time in the vacuum furnace is 180-360 minutes, and the heating temperature is 160-400℃.

[0038] In another embodiment, the metal-rubber part can be separated by heating and pressurizing it. Specifically, this includes the following steps: S121: Install the metal rubber parts onto the recycling fixture, which includes a heating device to heat the metal rubber parts; S122: By using mechanical pressure, the rubber parts are pressed out, thus separating the metal parts from the rubber parts.

[0039] The recycling fixture includes a recycling bin 64, on which a metal-rubber composite vibration damper to be processed is installed. The recycling fixture also includes a bottom support 65 and an upper support 66, which are connected by a support rod 67. The recycling bin 64 and the metal-rubber composite vibration damper are located between the bottom support 65, the upper support 66, and the support rod 67.

[0040] The upper support 66 is detachably connected to the support rod 67. The upper support 66 has a mounting through hole at its corner. The support rod 67 passes through the mounting through hole. The upper support 66 is locked to the support rod 67 at at least one mounting through hole by a locking bolt 69. When the metal-rubber composite vibration damper needs to be installed, loosen the locking bolt 69, remove the upper support 66 from the support rod 67, place the metal-rubber composite vibration damper in the recycling bin 64, install the upper support 66 on the support rod 67, and then tighten the locking bolt 69. There are two locking bolts 69, which are respectively locked at the upper and lower ends of the upper support 66.

[0041] The upper support 66 has a central through hole in the middle. The recycling tool also includes a pressure rod 614 passing through the central through hole. The lower end of the pressure rod 614 is provided with a pressure block 68, which abuts against the upper end of the metal mandrel. The middle part of the pressure block 68 extends upward to provide a limiting platform 610, and the lower end of the pressure rod 614 is located in the limiting platform 610.

[0042] A guide platform 611 extends upward from the outer side of the central through hole of the upper support 66. The guide platform 611 includes an upper through hole that communicates with the central through hole. The pressure rod 614 passes through the upper through hole, the central through hole, and the limiting platform 610 sequentially from above the guide platform 611. The limiting platform 610 and the guide platform 611 can better limit the pressure rod 614 and ensure the stability of the pressure applied by the pressure rod 614. The upper end of the pressure rod 614 is provided with a handle 612 that is parallel to the upper support 66.

[0043] The wall of the recycling bin 64 forms a heating zone 613 between the metal mandrel, the rubber body, and the metal outer sleeve. A heating device is installed in the heating zone 613. The heating device includes a heating wire, which is used for heating. At the same time, the lower end of the metal outer sleeve in the metal-rubber composite shock absorber abuts against the upper end of the wall of the recycling bin 64, and the metal mandrel is accommodated inside the recycling bin 64.

[0044] The pressure rod 614 of the recycling tooling applies vertical pressure or axial torsional force to the metal core shaft of the metal-rubber composite vibration damper to be processed, while the heating device is activated at the same time, so that the metal skeleton of the metal-rubber composite vibration damper is separated from the rubber body. By applying shear force to the rubber body through the method of heating and pressurizing at the same time, the heating time can be greatly reduced, the recycling time can be shortened, energy consumption can be reduced, and the rapid separation of the metal skeleton and the rubber body can be achieved.

[0045] Based on the above implementation method, further improvements are proposed for step S2 of surface residue removal. To more efficiently utilize water jets to remove residue, it is necessary to minimize the number of times the water jet repeatedly washes and moves across the metal surface. If water jets are simply used to wash the metal part, the initial residue is thick and covers a large area, making it difficult to peel off the residue layer in large sheets with repeated washing. To solve this technical problem, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 First, a thin, narrow water jet with a smaller diameter can be used to flush the workpiece surface. Because the water jet has a higher pressure and velocity at this point, it can break down a thick, large layer of residual adhesive into smaller, more segmented layers. This segmentation reduces the adhesion stress between the layers. During this process, the water jet's movement speed along the metal surface can be increased accordingly. If the speed is too slow, the water jet will act for too long, potentially damaging the metal surface after penetrating the rubber layer.

[0046] After being segmented into a grid, the overall stress of the residual adhesive layer decreases. At this point, a flat water jet can be used to flush away the adhesive layer. The flat water jet has a larger effective area, but its pressure and flow rate are lower than those of the aforementioned elongated water jet. Under the action of the flat water jet, the grid-segmented residual adhesive layer will be peeled off in sheets, greatly improving efficiency. During this process, the water jet's movement speed can be reduced, extending the time the water jet acts on the residual adhesive layer, resulting in more thorough peeling and cleaning. Due to its large effective area and low pressure, it will not damage the surface of the metal part.

[0047] The above steps can be repeated, that is, grid segmentation-sheet peeling can be performed in layers. When the residual adhesive layer is thick, it is appropriate to perform it in layers. If the pressure and action time of the thin water jet are forcibly increased, the surface of the metal part may be damaged.

[0048] The surface residue cleaning S2 step further includes a step of cleaning residue using high-pressure water jet: S201 utilizes a thin water jet to act on the surface of a metal part, dividing the residual rubber layer on the surface into a grid. S202 utilizes a flat water jet to act on the gridded rubber layer, peeling and cleaning the rubber layer in sheet form.

[0049] When segmenting the residual adhesive layer using a grid, the goal is segmentation, not excessive removal of the adhesive layer. Therefore, applying the adhesive layer perpendicularly to its surface will result in higher efficiency. However, when using a flat water jet for segmented removal, it needs to be at a certain angle to the metal surface, causing the force on the adhesive layer to tend towards separation from the metal surface, thereby improving the efficiency of rinsing and removal.

[0050] Alternatively, grinding can be used to remove residual adhesive. In step S2, which involves cleaning residual adhesive from the surface, the metal frame is placed on a grinding fixture, the fixture is rotated, and soft wires are used to contact the metal frame during rotation to remove rubber residue from the metal frame.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, the surface treatment step S4 includes a step of applying adhesive to the metal part: S401: Correct the shape of the metal part so that its external dimensions and pre-separation error meet the requirements for remanufacturing; S402: Place the metal part in the mold. If the length or width of the metal part changes, add a compensation pad to the surface of the metal part before sealing.

[0052] Although water jet stripping of residual adhesive does not cause excessive damage to the surface of metal parts, the shape of the metal parts may change due to mechanical forces such as clamping and separation stamping during the initial mechanical separation of metal and rubber parts. Such changes are detrimental to subsequent reprocessing, so it is necessary to correct their shape.

[0053] In a more preferred embodiment, in step 401, if the outer diameter of the metal part changes, the outer surface of the metal part is corrected by pressing with an arc-shaped insert 71. During the separation of the outer jacket, the outer diameter may change due to mechanical force, causing its surface curvature to be inconsistent with the standard part. Therefore, a pair of arc-shaped inserts 71 can be used for pressing. During the pressing process, the arc-shaped inserts 71 can reshape the originally changed surface of the metal part to fit the inner surface of the arc-shaped inserts 71, thereby repairing and reshaping the metal part.

[0054] In another possible scenario, if the length or width of the metal part changes, a compensation pad 72 should be added to the surface of the metal part after it is placed in mold 73 before sealing. For example, plate-shaped metal parts, or even cylindrical metal parts such as jackets, may have their height changed due to mechanical compression. In this case, the dimensions should be compensated before sealing in mold 73 to prevent sealant leakage. It should be noted that, to avoid re-molding recycled metal parts, standard molds 73 are generally used for sealing and vulcanization, and their dimensions correspond to those of standard new parts. To ensure that the recycled part can fit the dimensions of this mold 73, it is necessary to compensate for the dimensions resulting from compression and wear.

[0055] In a more preferred embodiment, since the dimensional changes may be random, an elastic compensation pad 2 can be used to address this issue, unlike the embodiments described above, in order to adapt to such uncertain dimensional variations. When the compensation size is large, the elastic compensation pad 2 does not need to be compressed; its original size can be used for direct compensation. If the compensation size is small, the elastic compensation pad 2 will be compressed to a certain size under the action of the mold 3. At this time, it can still effectively compensate and seal the gap between the metal part and the mold 3, preventing sealant leakage. The elastic compensation pad 2 can be made of a composite rubber part with certain rigidity and elasticity.

Claims

1. A method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Metal-rubber part separation S1 involves peeling off the metal and rubber parts of the metal-rubber part to obtain a metal skeleton with an attached residual adhesive layer. S2: Surface residue cleaning removes the residue adhering to the surface of the metal skeleton, resulting in a metal skeleton with no residue adhering to the surface. S3 Deep Adhesive Residue Cleaning uses ultrasonic waves to clean the surface of the metal skeleton and remove residual adhesive that has seeped into the metal surface. Surface treatment S4 involves sandblasting and applying adhesive to the surface of the metal skeleton, followed by the reprocessing of the vulcanized rubber layer.

2. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The metal-rubber component separation step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S101: First, place the metal rubber parts in an ozone environment or a polar solvent to cause the rubber parts to denature and age, losing their high elasticity and strength; S102: Then, use mechanical pressure to press out the rubber parts, so that the metal parts and rubber parts are separated.

3. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S101, prestress is first applied to the metal part of the metal-rubber part and held so that the rubber part is in a tensile and / or shear state, and then the metal-rubber part is placed in an ozone environment or a polar solvent.

4. The low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing method for metal-rubber parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The metal-rubber component separation step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S111: The metal-rubber parts are placed on a heat treatment fixture and subjected to vacuum heat treatment in a vacuum furnace, so that the rubber parts are separated from the metal parts. S112: Using mechanical pressure, the rubber parts are pressed out, thus separating the metal parts from the rubber parts.

5. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The metal-rubber component separation step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S121: Install the metal rubber parts onto the recycling fixture, which includes a heating device to heat the metal rubber parts; S122: By using mechanical pressure, the rubber parts are pressed out, thus separating the metal parts from the rubber parts.

6. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The surface residue cleaning S2 step further includes a step of cleaning residue using high-pressure water jet: S201 utilizes a thin water jet to act on the surface of a metal part, dividing the residual rubber layer on the surface into a grid. S202 utilizes a flat water jet to act on the gridded rubber layer, peeling and cleaning the rubber layer in sheet form.

7. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, In the surface residue cleaning S2 step, the metal skeleton is placed on the grinding fixture, the grinding fixture is rotated, and soft wire is used to contact the metal skeleton during the rotation to clean the rubber residue on the metal skeleton.

8. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The surface treatment step S4 includes applying adhesive to the metal part: S401: Correct the shape of the metal part so that its external dimensions and pre-separation error meet the requirements for remanufacturing; S402: Place the metal part in the mold. If the length or width of the metal part changes, add a compensation pad to the surface of the metal part before sealing.

9. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the metal rubber part is a cone spring (1), a pretreatment fixture (2) is provided. The cone spring (1) includes an outer sleeve (11) and a mandrel (12). A cone-shaped rubber body (13) is vulcanized between the outer sleeve (11) and the mandrel (12). The mandrel (12) has a mounting hole (121) in the center and a mounting hole (111) at the bottom of the outer sleeve (11). The pretreatment fixture (2) includes a base (21), a top column (22) is vertically connected to the base (21), a threaded hole (211) is opened on the base (21), and a pressure ring (23). (23) A through hole (231) matching the mounting hole (111) is opened on it; in step S101, the cone spring (1) is inverted first, so that the end of the spindle (12) and the top column (22) abut against each other; then the pressure ring (23) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the outer sleeve (11), and the bolt (24) is inserted into the through hole (231) in the pressure ring (23) and the bolt (24) passes through the mounting hole (111) and enters the threaded hole (211). The bolt (24) is tightened so that the outer sleeve (11) is pressed down, thereby making the rubber body (13) in a stretched state and held.

10. The method for low-carbon recycling and remanufacturing of metal-rubber parts as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the metal rubber part is a ball joint (3), a pretreatment fixture (4) is provided. The ball joint (3) includes a spindle (31) and an outer sleeve (32). A rubber body (33) is vulcanized between the spindle (31) and the outer sleeve (32). Mounting holes (311) are opened at both ends of the spindle (31). The pretreatment fixture (4) includes a support cylinder (41) with a depth greater than the length of the spindle (31). A support ring (42) is connected to the inner wall of the support cylinder (41). A pair of fixing ears (43) are respectively connected to opposite sides at the top of the support cylinder (41). A vertical opening is provided on the fixing ears (43). The extended first through groove (431) is also vertically connected to the fixed groove (432); in step S101, the ball hinge (3) is first placed vertically inside the support cylinder (41), so that the end of the outer sleeve (32) abuts against the support ring (42); then the pressure rod (44) is used to pass through the mounting hole (311) at the upper end of the spindle (31) and the first through groove (431) of the fixed ear (43), and the pressure rod (44) is pressed down to the bottom of the first through groove (431), and the fixed plate (434) is inserted into the fixed groove (432), so that the rubber body (33) is kept in a compressed state.

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