Biological membrane pretreatment reactor and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological membrane pretreatment reactor and a control method thereof. The biological membrane pretreatment reactor comprises a reactor main body with a reaction cavity for accommodating micro-polluted water, a water injection assembly and at least one water outlet assembly, each water outlet assembly comprises a water outlet pipe communicated with the reaction cavity and a water outlet screen used for blocking suspended filler flowing to the water outlet pipe, the water outlet screen covers a water outlet of the water outlet pipe, the water injection assembly comprises a water injection pipe and a water distribution tank, a water injection opening of the water injection pipe is formed in the water distribution tank, and an opening of the water distribution tank is higher than a preset water level. According to the biological membrane pretreatment reactor disclosed by the invention, the flow velocity of micro-polluted water flowing into the reaction cavity can be relatively low, so that the suspended filler can be relatively uniformly distributed in the reaction cavity, the reliability of the biological membrane pretreatment reactor is improved, a drop type pre-oxygenation effect can be realized, and the energy consumption of the biological membrane pretreatment reactor is reduced; and the risk that the suspended filler flows back to the water injection pipeline is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a biofilm pretreatment reactor and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Slightly polluted water generally refers to water with a relatively low degree of pollution. Its quality is typically better than the Class A standard in the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), and its characteristics are closer to those of surface water. When slightly polluted water is used as a source water, it needs to undergo biological or other pretreatment processes to meet relevant water supply standards. This means further removal of low concentrations of organic micropollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and COD is required, generally through biological nitrification. The biofilm method is the most commonly used nitrification technology for slightly polluted water.

[0003] The pure biofilm suspended packing process, where only the biofilm plays a biochemical role, is one of the continuous flow biofilm processes and an option for denitrification of slightly polluted water. It is currently widely used in situations with limited land and for treating slightly polluted water. The main issues to address in the pure membrane suspended packing reactor are: packing backflow into the inlet pipe, uneven inlet water distribution leading to excessively high horizontal flow velocity in the reactor body, and the easy clogging of the screens by the suspended packing or even leakage downstream. Generally, to prevent packing loss and considering the packing size, small-aperture intercepting screens are installed at the water passages and outlet. Suspended packing easily sticks to these screens, preventing normal water flow and causing blockages. When the liquid level rises to overflow, the packing will leak into subsequent pipelines.

[0004] In addition, when using a pure biofilm suspended packing process, the aeration required is low due to the low ammonia nitrogen and COD in the slightly polluted water. There is also a contradiction between excessive aeration leading to energy waste and the easy detachment of the biofilm, and the need for continuous and sufficient aeration for the fluidization of the packing. The key to solving this problem is to optimize the structure of the reactor body, the hydraulic characteristics, and improve the layout of the aeration pipeline to achieve uniform fluidization of the packing with lower energy consumption.

[0005] One solution to the problem of clogging in the main body of a suspended packed reactor is to add a level gauge inside the reactor. Once the screen becomes clogged, the liquid level will inevitably rise. When the liquid level reaches a high level, the system stops supplying water, preventing overflow, packing loss, and pipe blockage. This would necessitate stopping the water supply to repair the screen, disrupting the normal operation of the reactor. Therefore, adding a screen or installing a level gauge cannot fundamentally solve the screen clogging problem.

[0006] Therefore, the key to solving this problem lies in optimizing the reactor body's structure, improving its hydraulic characteristics, and refining the aeration pipeline layout. This involves achieving uniform fluidization of the packing material with lower energy consumption, inventing a novel reactor body structure, and comprehensively altering the hydraulic characteristics and operating mode of the reaction medium within the reactor body. This will result in excellent hydraulic properties and aeration performance, enabling startup with lower gas volumes, saving energy, and improving the reactor's overall efficiency. Considering the current situation and existing problems, it is necessary to develop an intelligent control reactor body that better suits the specific process characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a biofilm pretreatment reactor that allows for a lower flow rate of slightly polluted water into the reaction chamber, enabling more uniform distribution of suspended packing material within the reaction chamber, resulting in smoother operation and improved reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor. It also achieves a cascading pre-oxygenation effect, providing oxygen supply to the slightly polluted water, thereby reducing the operating time of the aeration components, lowering the energy consumption of the biofilm pretreatment reactor, and effectively mitigating the risk of suspended packing material flowing back into the water injection pipeline.

[0008] The present invention also proposes a control method for using the above-mentioned membrane pretreatment reactor body.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a biofilm pretreatment reactor includes: a reactor body having a reaction chamber for containing slightly polluted water, wherein a space above a preset water level in the reaction chamber is an overflow prevention space; at least one effluent assembly, each effluent assembly including an effluent pipe and an effluent screen, the outlet of the effluent pipe communicating with the reaction chamber, the effluent screen being disposed within the reaction chamber and covering the outlet of the effluent pipe, the effluent screen being used to block suspended packing material flowing towards the effluent pipe; and a water injection assembly including a water injection pipe and a water distribution tank, the water distribution tank being disposed in the overflow prevention space, the water injection port of the water injection pipe being disposed within the water distribution tank, and the opening of the water distribution tank being higher than the preset water level.

[0010] According to the biofilm pretreatment reactor of the present invention, by setting a water distribution tank in the overflow prevention space, the flow rate of the slightly polluted water is reduced after it is injected into the water distribution tank from the water inlet. After the slightly polluted water overflows from the water distribution tank, it can flow in multiple directions along the opening edge of the water distribution tank, thereby making the flow rate of the slightly polluted water flowing into the reaction chamber lower. This allows the suspended packing to be distributed more evenly in the reaction chamber, effectively avoiding the risk of the suspended packing clogging the effluent screen due to excessive flow rate. This makes the biofilm pretreatment reactor operate more smoothly and improves its reliability. Since the opening of the water distribution tank is higher than the preset water level, a cascading pre-oxygenation effect can be achieved after the slightly polluted water overflows from the water distribution tank, providing oxygen supply to the slightly polluted water. This reduces the operating time of the aeration components and the energy consumption of the biofilm pretreatment reactor. Moreover, this setting can also effectively avoid the risk of the suspended packing flowing back into the water injection pipeline.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the height difference between the opening of the water distribution tank and the preset water level is greater than or equal to 30cm and less than or equal to 50cm.

[0012] According to other embodiments of the present invention, the water outlet assembly further includes a control valve, a pipe screen, and a pressure sensor. The control valve is disposed on the water outlet pipe and is used to control the opening and closing of the water outlet pipe. The pipe screen is disposed in the cavity of the water outlet pipe and is used to block suspended packing material flowing into the water outlet pipe. The pipe screen is located between the control valve and the water outlet. The pressure sensor is disposed on the pipe screen and is used to detect the actual pressure value at the pipe screen. The control valve is used to close the corresponding water outlet pipe when the actual pressure value detected by the corresponding pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure range value.

[0013] In other embodiments of the present invention, the aperture of the pipe screen is smaller than the diameter of the suspended filler, and the aperture of the pipe screen is larger than the aperture of the effluent screen.

[0014] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor further includes: a first aeration component, the first aeration component including a first aeration pipe and a first air pump, the first aeration pipe being connected to the first air pump, the first aeration pipe being disposed at the bottom of the reaction chamber, the first aeration pipe having a first vent hole, and the gas pumped in by the first air pump being suitable for being discharged from the first vent hole to drive the suspended packing material to move.

[0015] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor further includes: a second aeration assembly, the second aeration assembly including a second aeration pipe, a second air pump and a lifting structure, the second aeration pipe being connected to the second air pump, the lifting structure being connected to the second aeration pipe, the lifting structure being used to remove the second aeration pipe from the reaction chamber and to place the second aeration pipe into the reaction chamber, the second aeration pipe having a second vent hole, when the second aeration pipe is suspended in the reaction chamber, the gas pumped in by the second air pump is suitable to be discharged from the second vent hole to oxygenate the slightly polluted water; wherein, the aperture of the second vent hole is smaller than the aperture of the first vent hole.

[0016] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the second aeration pipe is higher than the first aeration pipe, and the height difference between the second aeration pipe and the first aeration pipe is greater than or equal to 30 cm and less than or equal to 50 cm.

[0017] According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor further includes: a first control module, a dissolved oxygen meter, and an online ammonia nitrogen analyzer. The probe of the dissolved oxygen meter is disposed in the reaction chamber and is used to detect the oxygen content in the slightly polluted water. The probe of the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is disposed in the reaction chamber and is used to detect the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the slightly polluted water. The first control module is communicatively connected to the dissolved oxygen meter, and the dissolved oxygen meter is used to transmit the detected oxygen content value to the first control module. The first control module is used to control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component according to the oxygen content value. The first control module is also communicatively connected to the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer, and the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is used to transmit the detected ammonia nitrogen concentration value to the first control module. The first control module is used to control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component according to the ammonia nitrogen concentration value.

[0018] According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor further includes: a second control module and a level detector, the level detector being used to detect the level height of the slightly polluted water, the level detector being communicatively connected to the second control module, the level detector being used to transmit the level height value of the slightly polluted water to the second control module, and the second control module being used to control the opening and closing of the water injection pipe according to the level height value.

[0019] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control method is used to control the biofilm pretreatment reactor described in the first aspect of the present invention to treat slightly polluted water, the control method comprising: The slightly polluted water is injected into the reaction chamber from the water inlet; The suspended packing material is placed into the reaction chamber; The oxygen content of the slightly polluted water was measured. The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the slightly polluted water was measured. Calculate the required aeration air volume for the slightly polluted water; Control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component to provide a preset amount of aeration airflow for the slightly polluted water; The method for controlling the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component includes: When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is higher than the maximum value of the effluent concentration limit, the air supply of the second air pump is increased; When the oxygen content value is higher than the preset value, the air supply of the first air pump is reduced, and the air supply of the second air pump is reduced. When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than the maximum value of the effluent concentration limit, the second aeration component is shut down, and the second air pump is controlled to pump in only the amount of air needed to maintain the fluidization of the suspended packing.

[0020] According to the control method of the present invention, by controlling the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component, the design purpose of intermittent aeration of the first aeration component and the second aeration component can be achieved under the condition of ensuring oxygen supply. This effectively reduces energy waste caused by over-aeration, effectively avoids the risk of biofilm detachment caused by over-aeration, and thus effectively improves the efficiency and reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor.

[0021] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor further includes: a second control module and a liquid level detector, the liquid level detector being used to detect the liquid level height of the slightly polluted water, the liquid level detector being communicatively connected to the second control module, the liquid level detector being used to transmit the liquid level height value of the slightly polluted water to the second control module, and the second control module being used to control the switching of the water injection pipe according to the liquid level height value; The control method includes: The water level of the slightly polluted water was detected; It was confirmed that the water level of the slightly polluted water was higher than the preset water level. Close the water inlet pipe.

[0022] According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the control method includes: The water level of the slightly polluted water was detected; It was confirmed that the water level of the slightly polluted water was higher than the preset water level. Increase the air supply of the first aeration component.

[0023] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple water outlet components, each of which further includes a control valve, a pipe screen, and a pressure sensor. The control valve is disposed on the water outlet pipe and is used to control the opening and closing of the water outlet pipe. The pipe screen is disposed in the cavity of the water outlet pipe and is located between the control valve and the water outlet. The pressure sensor is disposed on the pipe screen and is used to detect the pressure change value at the pipe screen. The control valve is used to close the corresponding water outlet pipe when the pressure change value detected by the corresponding pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value. The control method further includes: Detect the pressure value at the pipe screen; Confirm that the pressure value at the pipe screen is higher than the preset pressure value; Close the corresponding water outlet pipe.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a biofilm pretreatment reactor according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the biofilm pretreatment reactor from another perspective; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of the biofilm pretreatment reactor in the middle; Figure 4 This is a sectional view along line AA; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The control flow diagram of the biofilm pretreatment reactor in the process.

[0026] Figure label: 100. Biofilm pretreatment reactor; 1. Reactor body; 11. Reaction chamber; 111. Overflow prevention space; 112. Reaction space; 2. Water outlet assembly; 21. Water outlet pipe; 22. Water outlet screen; 23. Pipe screen; 3. Water injection assembly; 31. Water injection pipe; 311. Water injection port; 32. Water distribution tank; 4. First aeration pipe; 5. Second aeration component. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] The biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 includes: a reactor body 1, an effluent assembly 2, and an injection assembly 3. The reactor body 1 has a reaction chamber 11 for containing micro-polluted water. (Refer to...) Figure 4 In the reaction chamber 11, the space above the preset water level is the overflow prevention space 111; that is, the overflow prevention space 111 is used to store slightly polluted water exceeding the preset reaction volume, providing protection time for the inlet pipe to close, thereby reducing the risk of slightly polluted water overflowing from the reaction chamber 11 due to blockage of the outlet pipe 21 or the outlet screen 22. In other words, the preset water level is the warning water level for slightly polluted water. In the reaction chamber 11, the space below the preset water level is the reaction space 112, which is the space for treating the slightly polluted water. Reference Figures 1-4 There is at least one effluent assembly 2. For example, there can be one, two, three, four, or more effluent assemblies 2. Each effluent assembly 2 includes an effluent pipe 21 and an effluent screen 22. The outlet of the effluent pipe 21 is connected to the reaction chamber 11. The effluent screen 22 is located inside the reaction chamber 11 and covers the outlet of the effluent pipe 21. The effluent screen 22 is used to block suspended packing material flowing towards the effluent pipe 21. That is, the slightly polluted water in the reaction chamber 11 must pass through the effluent screen 22 before flowing towards the effluent pipe 21. In other words, the slightly polluted water in the reaction chamber 11 flows from the mesh of the effluent screen 22 to the outlet of the effluent pipe 21. By setting the effluent screen 22 to block the suspended packing material flowing towards the effluent pipe 21, it is possible to prevent the suspended packing material from flowing into the next slightly polluted water treatment process and affecting the treatment effect of the next process.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-4 The water injection component 3 includes a water injection pipe 31 and a water distribution tank 32. The water distribution tank 32 is located in the overflow prevention space 111, and the water injection port 311 of the water injection pipe 31 is located in the water distribution tank 32. The opening of the water distribution tank 32 is higher than the preset water level. That is to say, after the slightly polluted water flows out from the water injection port 311, it first flows into the water distribution tank 32, and then overflows from the edge of the water distribution tank 32 and flows into the reaction space 112.

[0031] By setting up a water distribution tank 32 in the overflow prevention space 111, the flow rate of the slightly polluted water is reduced after it is injected into the water distribution tank 32 from the water inlet 311. After the slightly polluted water overflows from the water distribution tank 32, it can flow in multiple directions along the edge of the water distribution tank 32. This results in a lower flow rate of the slightly polluted water flowing into the reaction chamber 11, allowing the suspended packing to be distributed more evenly in the reaction chamber 11. This effectively avoids the risk of the suspended packing clogging the effluent screen 22 due to excessive flow rate, making the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 operate more smoothly and improving the reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0032] It should be understood that, in order to reduce the flow rate of the slightly polluted water, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water distribution tank 32 at its opening should be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet. To prevent the slightly polluted water from flowing in one direction in the reaction space 112, the height of the edges of the water distribution tank 32 in at least two different directions should be the same and both should be at their lowest points. Specifically, the edges of the water distribution tank 32 can all be on the same horizontal plane; the height of the two edges of the water distribution tank 32 in the first direction can also be set to be the same and both should be at their lowest points, and the height of the two edges of the water distribution tank 32 in the second direction can also be set to be the same and both should be at their lowest points. The first direction is the same as the direction in which the slightly polluted water flows out of the water inlet 311 and is perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the direction in which the slightly polluted water flows out of the water inlet 311 and is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

[0033] By setting the opening of the water distribution tank 32 to be higher than the preset water level, a cascading pre-oxygenation effect can be achieved after the slightly polluted water overflows from the water distribution tank 32, providing oxygen supply for the slightly polluted water, thereby reducing the running time of the aeration components and reducing the energy consumption of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100. Moreover, this setting can also effectively avoid the risk of suspended packing flowing back into the water injection pipe 31.

[0034] For example, there can be multiple effluent components 2, such as two, three, four or more. This allows multiple effluent components 2 to form a redundant connection with each other. If one effluent component 2 is blocked, the micro-polluted water in the reaction chamber 11 can be discharged through other effluent components 2, avoiding the time wasted due to downtime maintenance of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100, and enabling the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 to operate smoothly.

[0035] It should be explained that in this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0036] According to the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 of the present invention, by providing a water distribution tank 32 in the overflow prevention space 111, the flow rate of the slightly polluted water is reduced after it is injected into the water distribution tank 32 from the water inlet 311. After the slightly polluted water overflows from the water distribution tank 32, it can flow in multiple directions along the edge of the water distribution tank 32, thereby making the flow rate of the slightly polluted water flowing into the reaction chamber 11 lower. This allows the suspended packing material to be distributed more evenly in the reaction chamber 11, effectively preventing the suspended packing material from being blocked by excessively high flow rates at the effluent outlet. The risks associated with screen 22 make the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 operate more smoothly and improve its reliability. Since the opening of the water distribution tank 32 is higher than the preset water level, after the slightly polluted water overflows from the water distribution tank 32, a cascading pre-oxygenation effect can be achieved, providing oxygen supply to the slightly polluted water, thereby reducing the running time of the aeration components and reducing the energy consumption of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100. Moreover, this setting can also effectively avoid the risk of suspended packing flowing back into the water injection pipe 31.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the height difference between the opening of the water distribution tank 32 and the preset water level is greater than or equal to 30cm and less than or equal to 50cm. For example, the height difference between the opening of the water distribution tank 32 and the preset water level can be 30cm, 31cm, 32cm, 33cm, 34cm, 35cm, 36cm, 37cm, 38cm, 39cm, 30cm, 41cm, 42cm, 43cm, 44cm, 45cm, 46cm, 47cm, 48cm, 49cm, or 50cm.

[0038] This improves the pre-oxygenation effect of the micro-polluted water overflowing from the water distribution tank 32, increases the oxygenation amount, and effectively avoids the increased flow velocity caused by the large height difference. This makes the micro-polluted water in the reaction chamber 11 more gentle, reduces the risk of the micro-polluted water flow velocity impacting the suspended packing and causing the outlet screen 22 to be blocked, and reduces the risk of the suspended packing being washed into the outlet pipe 21. This ensures that the suspended packing is more evenly distributed in the reaction chamber 11, effectively guaranteeing the treatment effect of the micro-polluted water.

[0039] Reference Figure 4According to other embodiments of the present invention, the water outlet assembly 2 further includes a control valve, a pipe screen 23, and a pressure sensor. The control valve is disposed on the water outlet pipe 21 and is used to control the opening and closing of the water outlet pipe 21. The pipe screen 23 is disposed within the cavity of the water outlet pipe 21 and is used to block suspended packing material flowing into the water outlet pipe 21. The pipe screen 23 is located between the control valve and the water outlet. The pressure sensor is disposed on the pipe screen 23 and is used to detect the actual pressure value at the pipe screen 23. The control valve is used to close the corresponding water outlet pipe 21 when the actual pressure value detected by the corresponding pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure range value. For example, the pressure sensor can be a piezoresistive pressure sensor, a ceramic pressure sensor, a diffused silicon pressure sensor, a sapphire pressure sensor, or a piezoelectric pressure sensor.

[0040] When the suspended filler is blocked by the pipe screen 23, the flow area at the pipe screen 23 decreases and the flow pressure increases. Thus, by comparing the detected actual pressure value with the preset pressure range value, when the detected actual pressure value is greater than the preset pressure range value, it is determined that the suspended filler has been flushed into the corresponding outlet pipe 21, and the control valve is controlled to close the corresponding outlet pipe 21 to prevent the suspended filler from flowing into the next treatment process of the slightly polluted water.

[0041] By setting pressure sensors and control valves, the electrical control of the outlet pipe 21 can be realized. When suspended filler is detected to be flushed into the corresponding outlet pipe 21, the corresponding outlet pipe 21 can be closed in time, effectively reducing or avoiding the risk of suspended filler flowing into the next treatment process of slightly polluted water and improving the reliability of the outlet component 2.

[0042] It should be understood that, in order to ensure the information transmission and conversion between the pressure sensor and the control valve, a microcontroller unit can be installed between them to process the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor and send a command to the corresponding control valve to close the corresponding water outlet pipe 21 when the actual pressure value exceeds the preset pressure range. The microcontroller unit can be a CPU or PLC control board. Specifically, when there are multiple water outlet components 2, they can share one microcontroller unit.

[0043] Reference Figure 4In other embodiments of the present invention, the aperture of the pipe screen 23 is smaller than the diameter of the suspended filler, and the aperture of the pipe screen 23 is larger than the aperture of the effluent screen 22. With this design, when the suspended filler passes through the effluent screen 22, the pipe screen 23 can reliably block the suspended filler, forming a double blocking effect with the effluent screen 22, effectively avoiding the risk of the suspended filler flowing into the next treatment step of the slightly polluted water. Simultaneously, when no suspended filler passes through the effluent screen 22, i.e., when the effluent assembly 2 is operating normally, this avoids the pipe screen 23 obstructing the slightly polluted water, allowing the slightly polluted water to pass through the pipe screen 23 more smoothly, thus improving the reliability of the effluent assembly 2.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 further includes: a first aeration assembly, the first aeration assembly including a first aeration pipe 4 and a first air pump, the first aeration pipe 4 being connected to the first air pump, the first aeration pipe 4 being disposed at the bottom of the reaction chamber 11, the first aeration pipe 4 having a first vent hole, and the gas pumped in by the first air pump being suitable for discharge from the first vent hole to drive the suspended packing material to move. For example, see... Figure 3 The first aeration pipe 4 can be arranged in a ring.

[0045] This allows for oxygenation of the slightly polluted water through the first aeration component. At the same time, the gas blown out by the first aeration pipe 4 can drive the suspended packing material to move, making the suspended packing material more evenly distributed in the reaction chamber 11, effectively ensuring the treatment effect of the slightly polluted water.

[0046] When the suspended packing material gets clogged at the effluent screen 22, the aeration rate of the first aeration pipe 4 can be increased by pumping more air into the first aeration pipe 4. This allows the air flowing out of the first vent hole to sweep away and push the suspended packing material gathered at the effluent screen 22, thereby solving the problem of the suspended packing material getting clogged at the effluent screen 22, effectively ensuring smooth effluent flow and improving the reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0047] Reference Figures 1-4 In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 further includes: a second aeration assembly, which includes a second aeration pipe 5, a second air pump, and a lifting structure. The second aeration pipe 5 is connected to the second air pump. For example, see reference... Figure 3 The second aeration pipe 5 can be arranged in a ring.

[0048] The lifting structure is connected to the second aeration pipe 5. The lifting structure is used to lift the second aeration pipe 5 out of the reaction chamber 11 and to put the second aeration pipe 5 into the reaction chamber 11. The second aeration pipe 5 is provided with a second vent hole. When the second aeration pipe 5 is suspended in the reaction chamber 11, the gas pumped in by the second air pump is suitable to be discharged from the second vent hole to oxygenate the slightly polluted water. The diameter of the second vent hole is smaller than the diameter of the first vent hole.

[0049] By setting the aperture of the first vent hole to be smaller, more first vent holes can be provided on the first aeration pipe 4, so that the air in the first aeration pipe 4 can be pumped into the slightly polluted water in a more dispersed manner, increasing the contact area between the gas discharged from the second aeration pipe 5 and the slightly polluted water, improving oxygenation efficiency, reducing the working time of the first aeration component and the second aeration component, and reducing the energy consumption of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0050] Furthermore, by setting up a lifting structure to raise and lower the second aeration pipe 5, when oxygenation is needed, the second aeration pipe 5 can be placed into the reaction space 112, and when oxygenation is not needed, the second aeration pipe 5 can be removed from the reaction chamber 11. This prevents the growth of microorganisms in the second aeration pipe 5 and avoids impurities in the slightly polluted water from clogging or corroding the second aeration pipe 5, effectively ensuring the reliability of the second aeration pipe 5 and extending its service life. In the event of blockage or damage to the second aeration pipe 5, it can also be removed from the reaction chamber 11 for repair or replacement. This allows for the repair and replacement of the second aeration pipe 5 without shutting down the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0051] It should be explained that the main concept behind the design of the first aeration pipe 4 and the second aeration pipe 5 in this invention is to utilize the large bubbles generated by the first aeration pipe 4 to drive the movement of the suspended packing material, and to utilize the second aeration pipe 5 to disperse the gas and increase dissolved oxygen efficiency. Therefore, the aperture of the first vent hole needs to be set to be relatively large, and the aperture of the second vent hole needs to be relatively small. The size of both apertures can be set according to actual needs. For example, the aperture of the first vent hole can be set to be greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm, and the aperture of the second vent hole can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.08 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0052] It should be understood that, since the first aeration pipe 4 needs to be fixed at the bottom of the reaction chamber 11 and is in contact with slightly polluted water for a long time, the first aeration pipe 4 should be made of corrosion-resistant material to extend its service life and reduce the maintenance frequency. Specifically, the first aeration pipe 4 can be made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), stainless steel, or vinyl polymethylsiloxane (silicone rubber).

[0053] For example, the lifting assembly may include a frame, ropes, and a drive motor. The frame includes a column and a crossbeam. The column is fixed to the ground, and the crossbeam is connected to the top of the column and suspended directly above the reaction chamber 11. The crossbeam has a through hole. The drive motor is located on the outside of the reactor body 1. The rope passes through the through hole, and the two ends of the rope are connected to the second aeration pipe 5 and the output end of the drive motor, respectively, so that the second aeration pipe 5 can be lifted when the drive motor rotates forward and lowered when the drive motor rotates in reverse, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering function of the second aeration pipe 5 by the lifting assembly.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the second aeration pipe 5 is higher than the first aeration pipe 4, and the height difference between the second aeration pipe 5 and the first aeration pipe 4 is greater than or equal to 30 cm and less than or equal to 50 cm. For example, the height difference between the second aeration pipe 5 and the first aeration pipe 4 can be 30 cm, 31 cm, 32 cm, 33 cm, 34 cm, 35 cm, 36 cm, 37 cm, 38 cm, 39 cm, 30 cm, 41 cm, 42 cm, 43 cm, 44 cm, 45 cm, 46 cm, 47 cm, 48 cm, 49 cm, or 50 cm.

[0055] This allows the pressure loss from the second aeration pipe 5 to be compensated by the first aeration pipe 4, resulting in more uniform aeration of the slightly polluted water by both the first and second aeration pipes 4 and 5. This leads to more uniform and gradual growth and reproduction of microorganisms, reducing or avoiding the risk of biofilm detachment due to local over-aeration and the risk of poor treatment effect due to local insufficient aeration. This effectively ensures the treatment effect of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 on slightly polluted water and improves the reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0056] Reference Figure 5 According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 further includes: a first control module, a dissolved oxygen meter and an online ammonia nitrogen analyzer, wherein the probe of the dissolved oxygen meter is disposed in the reaction chamber 11 and the dissolved oxygen meter is used to detect the oxygen content in the slightly polluted water, the first control module is communicatively connected to the dissolved oxygen meter, the dissolved oxygen meter is used to transmit the detected oxygen content value to the first control module, and the first control module is used to control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component according to the oxygen content value; The probe of the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is located in the reaction chamber 11, and the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is used to detect the ammonia nitrogen concentration in slightly polluted water. The first control module is communicatively connected to the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer, and the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is used to transmit the detected ammonia nitrogen concentration value to the first control module. The first control module is used to control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component according to the ammonia nitrogen concentration value. For example, the first control module can be a CPU or PLC control board.

[0057] In the aeration system control module, the biochemical reaction within reactor body 1 is dynamically controlled by dissolved oxygen. The initial dynamic target value of dissolved oxygen in the slightly polluted water in reaction chamber 11 is set to DO_initial. Every time interval t, a new dynamic target value of dissolved oxygen DO_t is calculated, where DO_t = DO_initial + F_after; where F_after is the dissolved oxygen feedback correction coefficient, which is calculated by the first control module based on the oxygen content value measured by the dissolved oxygen meter and the ammonia nitrogen concentration value measured by the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer. Every time interval t, the measured values ​​of the dissolved oxygen meter and the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer are collected respectively. Under the premise that the suspended packing has been fluidized normally, when the ammonia nitrogen concentration value measured by the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is higher than the maximum limit of the effluent concentration, the first control module controls the second air pump to increase the air supply to the second aeration pipe 5, thereby increasing the air volume of the first aeration pipe 4; when the dissolved oxygen value measured by the dissolved oxygen analyzer increases, the first control module controls the second air pump to decrease the air supply to the second aeration pipe 5, thereby reducing the aeration volume of the first aeration pipe 4; when the ammonia nitrogen concentration value measured by the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is lower than the maximum limit of the effluent concentration, the first control module shuts off the air supply to the second aeration pipe 5 by the second air pump, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the intermittent aeration of the second aeration pipe 5, and at the same time reducing the air supply to the first aeration pipe 4 by the first air pump, providing only enough air to maintain the sulfidation of the suspended packing.

[0058] This design allows for intermittent aeration between the first and second aeration components while ensuring oxygen supply. It effectively reduces energy waste caused by over-aeration and avoids the risk of biofilm detachment due to over-aeration, thereby effectively improving the efficiency and reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 further includes a second control module and a level detector, the level detector being used to detect the level height of the slightly polluted water, for example, the level detector can be an ultrasonic level gauge, a radar level gauge or a float level gauge.

[0060] The level detector communicates with the second control module, transmitting the water level height value of the slightly polluted water to the second control module. The second control module controls the opening and closing of the water injection pipe 31 based on the water level height value. For example, the first control module can be a CPU or PLC control board. For example, the water injection pipe 31 is equipped with a water injection solenoid valve, which communicates with the second control module. The second control module sends open and close commands to the water injection solenoid valve to control the opening and closing of the water injection pipe 31, thus realizing the design concept of the second control module controlling the opening and closing of the water injection pipe 31.

[0061] When the liquid level detected by the level detector is less than or equal to the preset water level, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 is determined to be operating normally, and the second control module controls the water injection pipe 31 to remain open so that the slightly polluted water can continuously flow into the water distribution tank 32; when the liquid level detected by the level detector is greater than the preset water level, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 is determined to be operating malfunctioning, and the second control module controls the water injection pipe 31 to close, so as to prevent the slightly polluted water from continuously flowing into the reaction chamber 11 and causing the slightly polluted water to overflow, effectively ensuring the safe operation of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0062] Reference Figure 5 According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control method is used to control the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 of the first aspect embodiment to treat slightly polluted water. The control method includes: Slightly polluted water is injected into the reaction chamber 11 through the water inlet 311; Place the suspended packing material into reaction chamber 11; Detect the oxygen content in slightly polluted water; Detecting ammonia nitrogen concentration in slightly polluted water; Calculate the required aeration air volume for slightly polluted water; Control the start and stop of the first and second aeration components to provide a preset amount of aeration airflow for the slightly polluted water; The methods for controlling the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component include: When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is higher than the maximum limit of the effluent concentration, increase the air supply of the second air pump; When the oxygen content is higher than the preset value, reduce the air supply of the first air pump and reduce the air supply of the second air pump. When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than the maximum limit of the effluent concentration, the second aeration component is shut down, and the second air pump is controlled to pump in only the amount of air needed to maintain the fluidization of the suspended packing.

[0063] The slightly polluted water to be treated flows into the distribution tank 32 through the inlet 311, and then into the reaction chamber 11 through the top edge of the distribution tank 32. Suspended packing material is added to the reaction chamber 11 to enhance nitrification to remove ammonia nitrogen and aerobic removal of some COD organic matter. The oxygen content and ammonia nitrogen concentration of the slightly polluted water in the reaction chamber 11 are monitored in real time, and the start and stop of the first and second aeration components are controlled according to the oxygen content and ammonia nitrogen concentration values ​​to ensure that the microorganisms treat the slightly polluted water in an environment with suitable oxygen content and ammonia nitrogen concentration. Then, the treated slightly polluted water is discharged into the storage tank of the next treatment process through the effluent screen 22 and the effluent pipe 21.

[0064] The method for controlling the start and stop of the first and second aeration components based on oxygen content and ammonia nitrogen concentration is as follows: The initial dynamic target value of dissolved oxygen (DOinitial) in the slightly polluted water of reaction chamber 11 is set to DOinitial. Every t time interval, a new dynamic target value of dissolved oxygen (DOt) is calculated: DOt = DOinitial + Fafter, where Fafter is the dissolved oxygen feedback correction coefficient, calculated by the first control module based on the oxygen content measured by the dissolved oxygen meter and the ammonia nitrogen concentration measured by the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer. Every t time interval, the measured values ​​from the dissolved oxygen meter and the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer are collected. Under the premise that the suspended packing has undergone normal fluidization, when the ammonia nitrogen concentration measured by the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is higher than the maximum limit of the effluent concentration, the first control module controls the second air pump to increase the air supply to the second aeration pipe 5, so that the first aeration pipe... The gas volume of the first aeration pipe 4 increases; when the dissolved oxygen meter reading increases, the first control module controls the second air pump to reduce the air supply to the second aeration pipe 5, thereby reducing the aeration volume of the first aeration pipe 4; when the ammonia nitrogen concentration value measured by the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is lower than the maximum value limit of the effluent concentration, the second air pump of the first control module shuts off the air supply to the second aeration pipe 5, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the intermittent aeration of the second aeration pipe 5, and at the same time reducing the air supply of the first air pump to the first aeration pipe 4, providing only enough air to maintain the sulfidation of the suspended packing.

[0065] This design allows for intermittent aeration between the first and second aeration components while ensuring oxygen supply. It effectively reduces energy waste caused by over-aeration and avoids the risk of biofilm detachment due to over-aeration, thereby effectively improving the efficiency and reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0066] For example, a first aeration solenoid valve can be installed on the first aeration pipe 4 to control the opening degree of the gas flow area in the first aeration pipe 4. A second aeration solenoid valve can be installed on the second aeration pipe 5 to control the opening degree of the gas flow area in the second aeration pipe 5. The first aeration pipe 4 and the second aeration pipe 5 share the same main air pump. The main air pump is connected to the first aeration pipe 4 and the second aeration pipe 5 respectively through a branch pipe. A main air supply control valve is installed on the branch pipe to control the opening degree of the gas flow area in the branch pipe. When the measured value of the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer increases, the first control module controls to increase the opening of the main gas supply control valve and the second aeration solenoid valve, thereby increasing the gas volume of the second aeration pipe 5. When the measured value of the dissolved oxygen analyzer increases, the first control module controls to decrease the opening of the main gas supply control valve and the second aeration solenoid valve, thereby decreasing the aeration volume of the second aeration pipe 5. When the measured value of the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is very small, the first control module reduces the opening of the main gas supply control valve and closes the second aeration solenoid valve, realizing the design concept of intermittent aeration of the second aeration pipe 5. At the same time, it also reduces the opening of the first aeration solenoid valve, providing only enough gas to maintain the vulcanization of the suspended packing.

[0067] According to the control method of the present invention, by controlling the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component, the design purpose of intermittent aeration of the first aeration component and the second aeration component can be achieved under the condition of ensuring oxygen supply. This effectively reduces energy waste caused by over-aeration, effectively avoids the risk of biofilm detachment caused by over-aeration, and thus effectively improves the efficiency and reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 further includes: a second control module and a liquid level detector, the liquid level detector being used to detect the liquid level height of the slightly polluted water, the liquid level detector being communicatively connected to the second control module, the liquid level detector being used to transmit the liquid level height value of the slightly polluted water to the second control module, and the second control module being used to control the opening and closing of the water injection pipe 31 according to the liquid level height value; Control methods include: Detecting water level values ​​in slightly polluted water; The water level of the slightly polluted water was confirmed to be higher than the preset water level. Close water inlet pipe 31.

[0069] When the liquid level detected by the level detector is less than or equal to the preset water level, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 is determined to be operating normally. The second control module controls the water injection pipe 31 to remain open so that the slightly polluted water can continuously flow into the water distribution tank 32. When the liquid level detected by the level detector is greater than the preset water level, the second control module determines that the effluent screen 22 is blocked by the suspended packing. The second control module controls the water injection pipe 31 to close so as to prevent the slightly polluted water from continuously flowing into the reaction chamber 11 and causing the slightly polluted water to overflow, thus effectively ensuring the safe operation of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0070] Reference Figure 5 According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the control method includes: Detecting water level values ​​in slightly polluted water; The water level of the slightly polluted water was confirmed to be higher than the preset water level. Increase the air supply of the first aeration component.

[0071] When the liquid level detected by the level detector is less than or equal to the preset water level, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 is determined to be operating normally, and the water injection pipe is kept open. When the liquid level detected by the level detector is greater than the preset water level, the first control module determines that the effluent screen 22 is blocked by the suspended packing. The first control module controls the first aeration component to increase the air supply so that the air flowing out from the first vent can sweep and push the suspended packing gathered at the effluent screen 22, thereby solving the problem of the suspended packing blocking the effluent screen 22, effectively ensuring smooth effluent flow and improving the reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0072] When the effluent screen 22 becomes clogged, the process by which the first control module controls the first aeration component to increase the air supply is as follows: The initial dynamic target value of the slightly polluted water in the reaction chamber 11 is set to Hinitial. Every time interval t, a new dynamic target value of the water level is calculated, Ht = Hinitial + HFafter. HFafter is the water level feedback correction coefficient, which is calculated by the first control module based on the measured value of the water level detector. Every time interval t, the measured value of the water level detector is collected. The first control module increases the aeration rate of the first aeration pipe 4 by controlling the opening of the main air supply control valve and the first aeration solenoid valve, thereby increasing the purging of the suspended packing and blockages accumulated on the surface of the effluent screen 22.

[0073] For example, refer to Figure 5 According to other specific embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100 further includes a central processor, which is used to regulate the transmission of information commands between the first control module and the second control module. After confirming that the water level of the slightly polluted water is higher than a preset water level, the control method may further include: The main processor sends a command to the second control module to "close water inlet pipe 31"; The second control module controls the water injection pipe 31 to close; The main processor sends an instruction to the first control module to "increase the air supply of the first aeration component"; The second control module controls the first aeration component to increase the air supply.

[0074] Once the water level of the slightly polluted water is confirmed to be higher than the preset water level, the main processor determines that the effluent screen 22 is blocked by the suspended packing. The main processor then sends commands to the first control module to "increase the air supply of the first aeration component" and to "close the water injection pipe 31" to the second control module. The second control module then controls the water injection pipe 31 to close and the first aeration component to increase its air supply. This design achieves the goals of preventing overflow and clearing blockages, effectively ensuring the operational reliability of the biofilm pretreatment reactor 100.

[0075] It should be understood that the main processor can send instructions to both the first control module and the second control module simultaneously; the main processor can also first send the instruction "close water injection pipe 31" to the second control module, and then send the instruction "increase the air supply of the first aeration component" to the first control module.

[0076] Reference Figures 1-5 According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, there are multiple water outlet components 2, each water outlet component 2 further includes a control valve, a pipe screen 23 and a pressure sensor. The control valve is disposed on the water outlet pipe 21 and is used to control the opening and closing of the water outlet pipe 21. The pipe screen 23 is disposed in the cavity of the water outlet pipe 21 and is located between the control valve and the water outlet. The pressure sensor is disposed on the pipe screen 23 and is used to detect the pressure change value at the pipe screen 23. The control valve is used to close the corresponding water outlet pipe 21 when the pressure change value detected by the corresponding pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value. Control methods also include: Detect the pressure value at point 23 on the pipeline screen; Confirm that the pressure value at point 23 of the pipeline screen is higher than the preset pressure value; Close the corresponding water outlet pipe 21.

[0077] When the pressure sensor detects a pressure change at pipe screen 23 that is less than or equal to the preset pressure value, it is determined that the suspended packing has not been flushed into the outlet pipe 21, and the outlet component 2 is operating normally. The control valve is then controlled to keep the outlet pipe 21 open. When the pressure sensor detects a pressure change at pipe screen 23 that is greater than the preset pressure value, it is determined that the suspended packing has been flushed into the outlet pipe 21, and the outlet component 2 is determined to be malfunctioning. The control valve is then controlled to close the outlet pipe 21.

[0078] By controlling the opening and closing of the outlet pipe 21 using the above method, electrical control of the outlet pipe 21 can be achieved. When suspended filler is detected being flushed into the corresponding outlet pipe 21, the corresponding outlet pipe 21 can be closed in a timely manner, effectively reducing or avoiding the risk of suspended filler flowing into the next treatment process of slightly polluted water, and improving the reliability of the outlet component 2.

[0079] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0080] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biofilm pretreatment reactor (100), characterized in that, include: The reactor body (1) has a reaction chamber (11) for containing slightly polluted water. In the reaction chamber (11), the space above the preset water level is an overflow prevention space (111). At least one water outlet component (2), each of the water outlet components (2) includes a water outlet pipe (21) and a water outlet screen (22), the water outlet of the water outlet pipe (21) is connected to the reaction chamber (11), the water outlet screen (22) is disposed in the reaction chamber (11) and covers the water outlet of the water outlet pipe (21), the water outlet screen (22) is used to block the suspended packing material flowing to the water outlet pipe (21); Water injection assembly (3), the water injection assembly (3) includes a water injection pipe (31) and a water distribution tank (32), the water distribution tank (32) is located in the overflow prevention space (111), the water injection port (311) of the water injection pipe (31) is located in the water distribution tank (32), and the opening of the water distribution tank (32) is higher than the preset water level.

2. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height difference between the opening of the water distribution tank (32) and the preset water level is greater than or equal to 30cm and less than or equal to 50cm.

3. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water outlet assembly (2) also includes a control valve, a pipe screen (23), and a pressure sensor. The control valve is located on the water outlet pipe (21) and is used to control the opening and closing of the water outlet pipe (21). The pipe screen (23) is located in the cavity of the water outlet pipe (21) and is used to block the suspended packing material flowing into the water outlet pipe (21). The pipe screen (23) is located between the control valve and the water outlet. The pressure sensor is located on the pipe screen (23) and is used to detect the actual pressure value at the pipe screen (23). The control valve is used to close the corresponding water outlet pipe (21) when the actual pressure value detected by the corresponding pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure range value.

4. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aperture of the pipe screen (23) is smaller than the diameter of the suspended filler, and the aperture of the pipe screen (23) is larger than the aperture of the outlet screen (22).

5. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: The first aeration component includes a first aeration pipe (4) and a first air pump. The first aeration pipe (4) is connected to the first air pump. The first aeration pipe (4) is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber (11). A first vent hole is provided on the first aeration pipe (4). The gas pumped in by the first air pump is suitable to be discharged from the first vent hole to drive the suspended packing material to move.

6. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The second aeration assembly includes a second aeration pipe (5), a second air pump, and a lifting structure. The second aeration pipe (5) is connected to the second air pump, and the lifting structure is connected to the second aeration pipe (5). The lifting structure is used to remove the second aeration pipe (5) from the reaction chamber (11) and to place the second aeration pipe (5) into the reaction chamber (11). The second aeration pipe (5) is provided with a second vent hole. When the second aeration pipe (5) is suspended in the reaction chamber (11), the gas pumped in by the second air pump is suitable to be discharged from the second vent hole to oxygenate the slightly polluted water. The diameter of the second vent is smaller than that of the first vent.

7. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second aeration pipe is higher than the first aeration pipe (4), and the height difference between the second aeration pipe and the first aeration pipe (4) is greater than or equal to 30cm and less than or equal to 50cm.

8. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The system comprises a first control module, a dissolved oxygen meter, and an online ammonia nitrogen analyzer. The probe of the dissolved oxygen meter is located in the reaction chamber (11) and is used to detect the oxygen content in the slightly polluted water. The probe of the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is located in the reaction chamber (11) and is used to detect the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the slightly polluted water. The first control module is communicatively connected to the dissolved oxygen meter. The dissolved oxygen meter is used to transmit the detected oxygen content value to the first control module. The first control module is used to control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component according to the oxygen content value. The first control module is communicatively connected to the online ammonia nitrogen analyzer. The online ammonia nitrogen analyzer is used to transmit the detected ammonia nitrogen concentration value to the first control module. The first control module is used to control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component according to the ammonia nitrogen concentration value.

9. The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The second control module and the liquid level detector are used to detect the liquid level height of the slightly polluted water. The liquid level detector is communicatively connected to the second control module and is used to transmit the liquid level height value of the slightly polluted water to the second control module. The second control module is used to control the opening and closing of the water injection pipe (31) according to the liquid level height value.

10. A method for controlling a biofilm pretreatment reactor (100), wherein the biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) is the biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The control method includes: The slightly polluted water is injected into the reaction chamber (11) from the water inlet (311); The suspended packing material is placed into the reaction chamber (11); The oxygen content of the slightly polluted water was measured. The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the slightly polluted water was measured. Calculate the required aeration air volume for the slightly polluted water; Control the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component to provide a preset amount of aeration airflow for the slightly polluted water; The method for controlling the start and stop of the first aeration component and the second aeration component includes: When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is higher than the maximum value of the effluent concentration limit, the air supply of the second air pump is increased; When the oxygen content value is higher than the preset value, the air supply of the first air pump is reduced, and the air supply of the second air pump is reduced. When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than the maximum value of the effluent concentration limit, the second aeration component is shut down, and the second air pump is controlled to pump in only the amount of air needed to maintain the fluidization of the suspended packing.

11. The control method for the biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) further includes: a second control module and a liquid level detector. The liquid level detector is used to detect the liquid level height of the slightly polluted water. The liquid level detector is communicatively connected to the second control module. The liquid level detector is used to transmit the liquid level height value of the slightly polluted water to the second control module. The second control module is used to control the opening and closing of the water injection pipe (31) according to the liquid level height value. The control method includes: The water level of the slightly polluted water was detected; It was confirmed that the water level of the slightly polluted water was higher than the preset water level. Close the water inlet pipe (31).

12. The control method for the biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The control method includes: The water level of the slightly polluted water was detected; It was confirmed that the water level of the slightly polluted water was higher than the preset water level. Increase the air supply of the first aeration component.

13. The control method for the biofilm pretreatment reactor (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, There are multiple water outlet components (2), and each water outlet component (2) further includes a control valve, a pipe screen (23) and a pressure sensor. The control valve is located on the water outlet pipe (21) and is used to control the opening and closing of the water outlet pipe (21). The pipe screen (23) is located in the cavity of the water outlet pipe (21) and is located between the control valve and the water outlet. The pressure sensor is located on the pipe screen (23) and is used to detect the pressure change value at the pipe screen (23). The control valve is used to close the corresponding water outlet pipe (21) when the pressure change value detected by the corresponding pressure sensor is greater than a preset pressure value. The control method further includes: Detect the pressure value at the pipe screen (23); Confirm that the pressure value at the pipe screen (23) is higher than the preset pressure value; Close the corresponding water outlet pipe (21).

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